Electricity Generation Efficiency Research Articles

Ethylamine as a regenerative fuel for emission-free direct liquid fuel cell

Discovery of energy-dense and emission-free fuels for low-temperature fuel cell technology remains an important research theme to achieve efficient, clean electricity generation. In this study, we report the study of ethylamine as a regenerative fuel for emission-free fuel cells. The electrocatalytic ethylamine dehydrogenation reaction on commercial Pt catalyst under alkaline conditions exhibits fast reaction kinetics and produces acetonitrile as sole product, which can be readily hydrogenated back to ethylamine for reuse and thereby avoid CO2 emissions. By assembling and testing a direct ethylamine fuel cell, we demonstrate the capability of this regenerative fuel for clean electricity generation. The fuel cell performances are evaluated with different ethylamine fuel concentrations and operation temperatures and compared with other direct liquid fuel cells, highlighting promising prospects for utilizing ethylamine as a regenerative fuel in fuel cells for efficient and clean electricity generation.

Laccase-loaded CaCO3 sustained-release microspheres modified SBES anode for enhance performance in the remediation of soil contaminated with phenanthrene and pyrene

This study aimed to enhance the efficiency of SBES in remediating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soils by modifying the anode with laccase. The experiment involved four SBES anodes: a carbon nanotube-modified anode (CNT), a free laccase-modified anode (Lac), a gelatin-encapsulated laccase-modified anode (Lac-Gel), and a CaCO3 sustained-release microsphere-loaded laccase-modified (CaCO3-SMs@Laccase) anode (Lac-SMs). The CaCO3-SMs@Laccase notably extended the active period of laccase, with laccase activity in the Lac-SMs measured at 1.646 U/g after 16 days, which was significantly higher than the 0.813 U/g observed in the Lac-Gel group and the 0.206 U/g in the Lac group. The superior electricity generation and degradation efficiency observed in the Lac-SMs group were due to the sustained enzymatic activity provided by the CaCO3-SMs@Laccase. The prevention of anode acidification through CaCO3 decomposition, and promote the forward progress of electrochemical reactions. The phenanthrene (Phe) and pyrene (Pyr) removal efficiency in the soil of the Lac-SMs reached 90.78% and 84.72%, surpassing those of the Lac-Gel (80.36% and 79.14%), Lac (79.38% and 69.31%), and CNT (63.22% and 56.98%). The degradation pathway from Pyr to Phe was possible started with hydroxylation. In addition, the laccase also transformed the predominant microbial communities and metabolism pathways.

Synergistic Effect Between 0D CQDs and 2D MXene to Enhance the Photothermal Conversion of Hydrogel Evaporators for Efficient Solar Water Evaporation, Photothermal Sensing and Electricity Generation.

Solar-powered interfacial water evaporation is a promising technique for alleviating freshwater stress. However, the evaporation performance of solar evaporators is still constrained by low photothermal conversion efficiency and high water evaporation enthalpy. Herein, 0D carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are combined with 2D MXene to serve as a hybrid photothermal material to enhance the light absorption and photothermal conversion ability, meanwhile sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels are used as a substrate material for water transport to reduce the enthalpy of water evaporation. The synergistic effect in 0D CQDs/2D MXene hybrid photothermal materials accelerate the carrier transfer, inducing efficient localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. This results in the enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency. The integrated hydrogel evaporators demonstrate a high evaporation rate (1.93 and 2.86kgm-2h-1 under 1 and 2 sunlights, respectively) and low evaporation enthalpy (1485Jg-1). In addition, the hydrogel evaporators are applied for photothermal sensing and temperature difference power generation (TEG). The TEG device presents an efficient output power density (230.7mWm-2) under 1 sunlight. This work provides a feasible approach for regulating and controlling the evaporation performances of hydrogel evaporators, and gives a proof-of-concept for the design of multipurpose solar evaporation systems.

Prediction of electricity load generated by Combined Cycle Power Plants using integration of machine learning methods and HGS algorithm

Combined Cycle Power Plants offer an efficient and environmentally friendly means of electricity generation, albeit with challenges in accurately predicting power output. This study proposes a hybrid model to forecast the total electrical power load in these plants by leveraging key input variables. Five machine learning algorithms, including Categorical Boosting, Histogram-based Gradient Boosting Regression, Extreme Gradient Boosting Regression, Light Gradient Boosting Machine, and Support Vector Regression, were employed, with their predictions optimized using the Hunger Games Search algorithm. This integration resulted in five hybrid models, with the combination of Hunger Games Search and Categorical Boosting emerging as the most effective, demonstrating superior performance in test datasets with an R2 value of 0.9735 and a mean absolute error of 2.05525. The Hunger Games Search algorithm enhanced prediction accuracy by fine-tuning core algorithm parameters. Comprehensive case analysis and metric evaluation underscored the efficacy of the proposed model for hourly power load forecasting in Combined Cycle Power Plants, although the hybrid model combining Hunger Games Search and Support Vector Regression exhibited comparatively poorer performance in test datasets with R2 of 0.9551 and a mean absolute error of 2.71211. The recommendation to integrate Categorical Boosting with the Hunger Games Search algorithm stands as a robust strategy for enhancing power load prediction in these power plants, promising greater operational efficiency and reliability in electricity generation.

Assessment of a solar-powered trigeneration plant integrated with thermal energy storage using phase change materials

This study presents a comprehensive thermodynamic assessment of a trigeneration plant producing electricity, fresh water through multi-effect desalination (MED), and cooling through an absorption refrigeration cycle. The MED and absorption refrigeration systems utilize the rejected heat from the power cycle, driven by concentrated solar power (CSP). Situated in Qatar, the present system leverages the abundant solar irradiance to optimize the efficiency of electricity generation, water desalination, and cooling. The design features parabolic trough collectors with synthetic oil as the heat transfer fluid, direct thermal storage, and a Rankine steam turbine cycle with three turbine stages. The system also incorporates phase change materials (PCMs) based thermal energy storage (TES) to improve the system performance and offset the mismatch between demand and supply. The present system evaluation is based on energy and exergy analyses, while the Aspen Plus is used to simulate the power production and desalination operations, providing detailed insights into its efficiency and potential for large-scale implementation. The proposed system operates with an energy efficiency of 56.72 % and an exergy efficiency of 31.24 %, respectively.

Penstock pipe’s hydraulic design for the mini hydropower plant at Besai Kemu, Bukit Kemuning, Lampung, Indonesia

Abstract Hydropower, as a renewable energy source, holds significant potential for electricity generation. However, optimizing the design of hydropower penstocks to ensure efficient energy conversion remains a complex challenge. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the optimal hydraulic calculations for designing a penstock system in Lampung, Indonesia, thereby contributing to the understanding of micro hydropower engineering. The research adopts an explanatory methodology, utilizing a case study approach in Bukit Kemuning, Lampung, Indonesia. Design data collection at the research site and relevant hydraulic design indicators from literature serve as the foundation for conducting comprehensive hydraulic calculations. The study focuses on key parameters such as penstock dimensions, power generation capacity, and energy loss assessments to inform the design process. The analysis reveals a flow rate of 11 m3/s and a flow velocity of 2.43 m/s, resulting in a targeted power output of 3234 Kilowatts. The findings underscore the critical role of key elevation parameters and design considerations in optimizing the penstock system for efficient electricity generation. Detailed calculations elucidate the determination of penstock dimensions, the evaluation of energy losses, and the consideration of surge pressure velocity to ensure system resilience. To withstand high water pressure, the research advocates for penstock pipes with specific dimensions: two pipes, each 116 m in length, with a diameter of 2.4 m and a cross-sectional area of 4.52 m2 requiring a thickness of 10 mm. The study identifies pressure reduction factors, including head loss due to penstock friction (0.169 m), friction losses (0.1635 m), and water hammer reaching 2 bar with an acceleration of 88.03 m/s2. The net head after turbulent and friction losses is determined to be 30 m. This study highlights the importance of tailored design strategies in effectively harnessing hydropower resources, offering valuable insights for micro hydropower projects globally.

Experimental investigation of the cooling effect of topology-optimized structure on photovoltaic wall

Nowadays, photovoltaic walls have been widely used, which will generate heat behind the PV panel and cause overheating, making the lower efficiency of the PV panel and higher temperature of the exterior wall. Topology optimization structures have been explored in many fields for heat dissipation, but few are applied in heat dissipation of the PV wall systems. The purpose of this paper is to experimentally investigate the effect of topological optimized structure of the copper sheet on electricity generation efficiency of the PV panel and cooling effect of the exterior wall. The topology optimization method is used to numerically find the optimal geometric configuration of high thermal conductivity material of copper sheet on the back of the photovoltaic panel. And the topology-optimized copper sheet is fabricated by 3D printing and experimented with four different cases. The experimental results show that under natural convection, compared with the reference photovoltaic wall, the largest reduction of temperature of the photovoltaic panel (ΔTpv) and the largest output power increment rate (ΔE/E) of the photovoltaic wall with topology-optimized copper in the 5 test days are 2.7℃and 1.30 % respectively, and the largest reduction of temperature of the exterior wall (ΔTw) is 1.6℃. Under forced convection, the temperature reduction (ΔTpv) and the increment of output power (ΔE) of the photovoltaic panel and the temperature reduction of the exterior wall (ΔTw) increase significantly under wind speed of 1 m/s compared with natural convection. But when the wind speed is increased from 1.5 m/s to 2 m/s, the increment is less obvious. Therefore, the optimal wind speed in the air gap of the photovoltaic wall with topology-optimized copper is 1 ∼ 1.5 m/s. At last, based on the results of our previous study, the optimal-constructed photovoltaic wall in hot summer and cold winter area is discussed. The results of this research can provide some technical guidance for engineering application of the photovoltaic panel integrated with walls in similar climate regions.

Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Double Perovskites as Cathodes in Reversible Ceramic Electrochemical Cells through Nb Doping

Efficient and cost-effective generation of electricity and hydrogen holds promise through reversible protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (R-PCECs). However, the successful commercialization of R-PCECs depends on the advancement of air electrodes that are both highly active and durable. Here, we made an air electrode material with two phases of double perovskite and single perovskite by doping Nb into B-site of the traditional PrBaCo2O6 double perovskite. The coexistence of the mixed double perovskite and single perovskite phases demonstrates superior electrochemical performance and durability compared to pristine double perovskite and single perovskite materials when employed as cathode materials. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and neutron diffraction analysis reveal that this enhancement is primarily attributed to the introduction of high-valence Nb5+, resulting in an increased number of oxygen vacancies and structural stability. The findings presented in this study contribute valuable insights into the design and development of advanced cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells and electrolyzers, with the potential for applications in sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies.

CFD modelling and analysis of a radial ORC turbine with backswept rotor blades

Abstract Global electricity demand has steadily risen over the past five decades due to increased industrialization and improved accessibility worldwide. Addressing this escalating demand requires expanding electricity production, achievable through adopting renewable energy sources or enhancing production efficiency. Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power systems offer a promising solution for efficient electricity generation by utilizing organic fluids with lower critical parameters. Unlike conventional steam power plants, ORC systems operate at lower temperatures, making them adaptable to various applications. The efficiency of ORC power systems heavily relies on the design and performance of their turbines. This study focuses on modelling and analyzing the ORC turbine using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques, specifically employing a radial-inflow design with backswept rotor blades. Geometric parameters were derived from a simplified zero-dimensional (0-D) turbine model developed in MATLAB. CFD modelling was conducted using ANSYS software, integrating the BladeGen module for turbine geometry generation and the TurboGrid toolbox for mesh creation. Comparative analysis with the 0-D design method validated the accuracy of the CFD turbine modelling and the achievement of desired operational parameters. This research underscores the potential of CFD techniques in optimizing ORC turbine design thus allowing to achieve efficient electricity generation, contributing to the advancement of sustainable energy technologies.

Role of primary drivers leading to emission reduction of major air pollutants and CO2 from global power plants

Electricity production is a significant source of air pollution. Various factors, including electricity demand, generation efficiency, energy mix, and end-of-pipe control measures, are responsible for the emission changes during electricity generation. Although electricity production more than doubled from 1990 to 2017, air pollutant emissions showed a moderate increase or decrease, which was attributed to mitigating drivers such as increased clean energy use, improved power generation efficiency, and widespread installation of end-of-pipe control facilities. The absence of these mitigating drivers would have increased CO2, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon, SO2, and NOx emissions in 2017 by 165 %, 403 %, 1070 %, 614 %, and 274 % than their actual levels, respectively. The improved electricity generation efficiency reduced potential CO2, PM2.5, SO2, and NOx emissions by 30 %, 295 %, 119 %, and 52 % compared to actual emissions, respectively. Meanwhile, the installation of end-of-pipe facilities reduced potential SO2 and PM2.5 emissions by 34.7 and 4.0 Tg, respectively. Considerable differences in emissions among countries were found to be attributable to their differences in electricity demand and the implementation of local mitigating polices.

Decentralized Retrofit Model Predictive Control of Inverter-Interfaced Small-Scale Microgrids

In recent years, small-scale microgrids have become popular in the power system industry because they provide an efficient electrical power generation platform to guarantee autonomy and independence from the power grid, which is a critical feature in cases of catastrophic events or remote areas. On the other hand, due to the short distances among multiple distribution generation systems in small-scale microgrids, the interconnection couplings among them increase significantly, which jeopardizes the stability of the entire system. Therefore, this work proposes a novel method to design decentralized robust controllers based on a retrofit model predictive control scheme to tackle the issue of instability due to the short distances among generation systems. In this approach, the retrofit model predictive controller receives the measured feedback signal from the interconnection current and generates a control command signal to limit the interconnection current to prevent instability. To design a retrofit controller, only the model of a robust closed-loop system, as well as an interconnection line, is required. The model predictive control signal is added in parallel to the control signal from the existing robust voltage source inverter controller. Simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed technique as compared with the virtual impedance and retrofit linear quadratic regulator techniques (benchmarks) with respect to peak-load demand, plug-and-play capability, nonlinear load, and inverter efficiency.

PVA/cellulose hydrogel with asymmetric distribution of MoS2 for highly efficient solar-driven interfacial evaporation and electricity generation

Population growth and economic globalization have exacerbated freshwater shortages and energy crises, and solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) offers a promising solution due to its environmental friendliness, accessibility, and sustainability. However, the highly efficient cogeneration of freshwater and electricity using the SDIE process is a challenge. Herein, a PVA/cellulose hydrogel with asymmetric distribution of MoS2 is proposed as a highly efficient SDIE system to overcome the bottleneck in the cogeneration of freshwater and electricity. By applying material genome engineering and microstructure regulation to improve light harvesting, energy efficiency, evaporation performance, and vapor escape. The evaporation rate of the PVA/cellulose evaporator could reach 3.23 kg m−2 h−1 when desalinating 3.5 wt% seawater under 1 sun and remained basically stable during the long-term continuous evaporation. In addition to desalination, the prepared evaporator also has a potential application in the cyclic utilization of the industrial and domestic wastewater. The synergistic effect of the electron double layer effect and the seawater battery principle produces a high output voltage of 0.714 V. Meanwhile, the optimized solar evaporator demonstrates good mechanical properties, salt resistance, environmental adaptability, and carbon emission economy. This work provides new insights into efficient seawater desalination and power generation, and inspires further research on multifunctional solar-driven interfacial evaporation systems to effectively address water scarcity and energy crises.

Thermal performance of the photovoltaic module with evaporative cooling ventilated cavity

Abstract Energy is indispensable in modern life, and solar photovoltaic technology stands out for its substantial advantages. However, the current conversion rate remains suboptimal, ranging from 15% to 20%. Compounding this, a portion of solar energy undergoes conversion into thermal energy, resulting in an elevation of the PV (photovoltaic) module’s temperature and a subsequent reduction in electricity generation efficiency. In response to this challenge, a solution was conceived—a design featuring an evaporative cooling ventilated cavity crafted to alleviate the operating temperature of the photovoltaic module. This innovative system integrates a photovoltaic facade with an evaporative cooling ventilation cavity, encompassing crucial components such as solar photovoltaic panels, an evaporative cooling layer, and a ventilated cavity equipped with thermal regulation. An experimental system was meticulously developed. The results illuminate the system’s efficacy in temperature reduction: approximately 5°C for the PV back sheet, 5°C for the cavity back sheet, and 5.2°C inside the cavity. Furthermore, the system achieves a noteworthy average operating temperature reduction of about 14.1%, 20.2%, and 20.4%, respectively. These findings underscore the substantial impact of the evaporative cooling system on regulating and enhancing the thermal performance of PV modules.

Co‐Substrate and Phosphate Buffer Enhanced Atrazine Degradation and Electricity Generation in a Bioelectrochemical System

ABSTRACTRefractory organic pollutant removal can be enhanced by a bioelectrochemical system via the addition of electron donors/acceptors. In this study, a single‐chamber soil microbial fuel cell (MFC) was constructed, and electricity production and atrazine removal efficiency were assessed using different co‐substrates and phosphate buffer concentrations. The co‐substrates compensated for the lack of soil organic matter and provided a sufficient carbon source for microorganisms to facilitate MFC electricity generation and efficient atrazine removal. The maximum voltage (94 mV), power density (39.41 mW m−2), removal efficiency (85.30%), and degradation rate (1.68 mg kg−1 d−1) were highest in the soil MFCs with sodium acetate when compared with the other groups. Phosphate buffer significantly alleviated the dramatic soil pH change. The electricity generation and atrazine removal efficiency increased with the buffer concentration (0–0.10 g L−1). The maximum voltage (144 mV) and power density (89.35 mW m−2) were highest, total internal resistance (652 Ω) was lowest, and atrazine removal efficiency (90.95%) and degradation rate (1.54 mg kg−1 d−1) were determined in the soil MFCs with the phosphate buffer concentration of 0.10 g L−1, and. These results indicate that the co‐substrate and phosphate buffer can enhance the electricity generation of soil MFCs and atrazine removal.

Polar bear hair inspired 3D photothermal evaporator for efficient solar steam desalination and electricity generation

While solar steam generation for desalination and electricity production is a burgeoning field, traditional systems often face challenges with rapid heat loss and salt buildup. To address these issues, we introduce a biomimetic approach, inspired by the unique thermal properties of polar bear hair. Our study presents a photothermal 3D hierarchical hollow Ppy@CuO nanorod array system, featuring a dual-structured design: a cone-shaped 3D topological structure for improved light absorption and a hollow structure for enhanced thermal insulation. This innovative approach effectively maximizes solar energy capture and reduces thermal losses, particularly in marine environments. Our system exhibits outstanding performance in solar steam generation, achieving high water evaporation rates and maintaining stability and efficiency in high-salinity settings. Under one solar illumination at a 75° tilt angle, the Ppy@CuO-3 NAs demonstrated an evaporation rate of 3.3 kg m−2 h−1 and an energy efficiency of 97.5 %. Additionally, the synergistic effect of released Cu2+ and Ppy resulted in a 99.9 % antibacterial rate against E. coli and S. aureus. This significant advancement in simultaneous, effective seawater desalination and efficient evaporation-driven electricity generation marks a crucial step toward future sustainable resource utilization.

Efficiency and benchmarks for photovoltaic power generation amid uncertain conditions

Photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems are highly subject to weather and site conditions, thus, the construction of PV power plant projects must consider these uncertainties. This study analyzes the monthly electricity generation of 249 utility-scale PV power plants in Japan to evaluate their electricity generation efficiency. Applying the generic data envelopment analysis, benchmark values were identified for power generation from PV power plants. Furthermore, we implemented a Monte Carlo experiment to evaluate the impact of variability in solar irradiance and temperature on power generation efficiency. For our analysis, we considered three inputs—solar irradiance, temperature, and installed capacity—and electricity generation as the output. The results showed that inter-regional gap in the efficiency score between the west and north regions is 0.03, and this can be covered by a 0.1 increase in the DC/AC ratio. Additionally, variability in weather conditions affect both the efficiency of a power plant and production possibility frontier, in turn causing the benchmark values for a generic decision-making unit to vary. Increasing the generation capacity of power plants and operating them more efficiently is essential to expanding the use of renewable energy resources.

Polymer-Chain Aggregation-induced Electrical Gating at the H- and J-aggregate P3HT

This research explores how aggregation influences the electrical behavior at both the planar - heterojunction poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/SiO2 and P3HT/ZnO nanocrystal (NC) interfaces. The formation of H- and J-type aggregates leads to distinct molecular ordering and packing structures, manifesting as changes in threshold voltage shifts (electrical gating) as well as absorption and luminescence properties. Ultrasound irradiation (sonication) significantly alters the molecular arrangement in P3HT, favoring the formation of H-aggregates over the typically formed J-aggregates. In pristine P3HT, J-aggregates facilitate efficient exciton movement and electrical generation, resulting in higher photocurrents compared to sonicated-P3HT, which predominantly forms H-aggregates. Field-effect transistors (FETs) based on sonicated P3HT exhibit a more positive threshold voltage and increased mobility, indicating the presence of more mobile charge carriers, even in the absence of an applied voltage. In interfaces with ZnO NC, pristine P3HT demonstrates a considerable shift in threshold voltage under illumination, attributed to electron trapping. Conversely, sonicated P3HT interfaced with ZnO NC shows less electron trapping and minimal change in threshold voltage. This study underscores how the type of aggregate (H or J) in P3HT significantly dictates light-induced electrical gating. Ultrasound irradiation (sonication), while enhancing mobility by improving crystallinity, leads to a decrease in photocurrent efficiency in H-aggregates compared to the J-aggregates present in pristine-P3HT.

Efficient sulfamethoxazole removal, water recovery and electricity generation were achieved simultaneously by osmotic microbial fuel cell in treating antibiotic wastewater

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) processes are associated with poor effluent quality when treating antibiotic wastewater. This study innovatively applied osmotic microbial fuel cell (OsMFC) technology to treat antibiotic wastewater while achieving the efficient removal of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), producing high-quality water, and generating electricity. During the stable operation of the OsMFC system, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency reached 80.1%, and the SMX removal efficiency reached 99.3% owing to forward osmotic membrane interception and biodegradation. The high-quality water production rate was 25% ± 5%. Interestingly, the addition of SMX improved the electrochemical performance of the system. The maximum power density was 4,642.4 mW/m3, and the internal resistance was only 230.7 Ω. During long-term operation of the system, membrane fouling was slight, and proteins were the main component of the fouling, followed by α-D glucopyranose polysaccharides and β-D glucopyranose polysaccharides. This study provides a new approach for the treatment of antibiotic wastewater and a novel method for the biodegradation of challenging emerging pollutants.

Hydrogen as Fuel of Tomorrow

As well know that carbon-based fossil fuels are a non- renewable resource and these are depleting at an alarming rate. The unmonitored explicit usage of fossil fuels certainly demands for an alternate type of fuel which could replace it in the future because not today but in the near future there will come a time when we will be short on carbon based fuels and need for an alternative type of fuel will the demand of the day. The increasing global demand for sustainable and clean energy sources has finally demanded the exploration of alternative fuels. Hydrogen, with its high energy density and zero carbon and greenhouse gas emissions during combustion, has emerged as a promising fuel of the future. Hydrogen is a potential fuel which can change our fossil fuel based dependency for energy generation to hydrogen economy. The various properties of hydrogen make it excellent alternative and soon to be primary source of fuel in the future. The various techniques of hydrogen production such as electrolysis and coal-based extraction will be discussed as well as the storage methods. Hydrogen is a better fuel in every term. There will be comparative study as well which compares the versatility, the combustion properties, electrical generation efficiency, thermal usage efficiency and also that it’s extraction methods are certainly more eco friendly as compared to other fossils fuels. Researchers are still going to make hydrogen as feasible as fossil fuels are today and soon in the upcoming years, we will see hydrogen economy booming. Keywords—Hydrogen, electrolysis, fuel, efficiency, fuel cell

Sustainable All-Day Thermoelectric Power Generation From the Hot Sun and Cold Universe.

Energy conversion from the environment into electricity is the most direct and effective electricity source to sustainably power off-grid electronics, once the electricity requirement exceeds the capability of traditional centralized power supply systems. Normally photovoltaic cells have enabled distributed power generation during the day, but do not work at night. Thus, efficient electricity generation technologies for a sustainable all-day power supply with no necessity for energy storage remain a challenge. Herein, an innovative all-day power generation strategy is reported, which self-adaptively integrates the diurnal photothermal and nocturnal radiative cooling processes into the thermoelectric generator (TEG) via the spectrally dynamic modulated coating, to continuously harvest the energy from the hot sun and the cold universe for power generation. Synergistic with the optimized latent heat phase change material, the electricity generation performance of the TEG is dramatically enhanced, with a maximum power density exceeding 1000mWm-2 during the daytime and up to 25mWm-2 during the nighttime, corresponding to an improvement of 123.1% and 249.1%, compared with the conventional strategy. This work maximizes the utilization of ambient energy resources to provide an environmentally friendly and uninterrupted power generation strategy. This opens up new possibilities for sustained power generation both daytime and nighttime.