Efficiency Factor Research Articles

Investigating renewable and sustainable biofuel and biofuel/diesel blends utilizations in a turboshaft engine used on helicopters

In this study, biofuel, various biofuel/diesel blends and jet fuel are used in the turboshaft engine (TSE) of a helicopter. The analyses of thermodynamics, sustainability, environmental and cost formation are applied to the system, and the impacts of biofuel (B100) & its blends with diesel (B10D90, B20D80, B50D50) are compared with JP-8 jet fuel (JF100) and each other. TSE's energy efficiency is computed to be 25.18 %, while the exergy efficiency depending on the fuel type (from maximum to minimum) are found as JF100 (JP-8) (23.462 %) > B10D90 (23.367 %) > B20D80 (23.365 %) > B50D50 (23.359 %) > B100 (23.351 %). The exergy efficiency of the biofuel and its blends are slightly lower than the conventional jet fuel. However, the difference is lower than 1 %. So, the biofuel and its blends can be effectively used in the TSE of the helicopter. Sustainable efficiency factor rates of TSE are also very close for jet fuel (1.307) and biofuel & its blends (1.305). So, exergetic sustainability of the studied fuels are close to each other and they can be used in the helicopter engine in a sustainable way. Biofuel and its blends utilization can also reduce the environmental cost, specific environmental cost, social impact cost, specific social impact cost of CO2 for TSE.

Evaluation of regional comprehensive development efficiency under low-carbon policy: based on optimized DDF-GML combined with unsupervised clustering method

In the study of urban development, it is very important to evaluate the influence of production factors reasonably and efficiently for the region to achieve efficient development. The principal aim of this investigation is to amalgamate the conventional measurement model characterized by robust interpretability with the non-parametric model characterized by limited interpretability, thereby enhancing the precision of research outcomes. Towards this objective, the study employs an optimized directional distance function integrated with a global Malmquist–Luenberger index to formulate a comprehensive total factor productivity measurement framework. In elucidating the homogeneous attributes of regions, departing from prior methodologies reliant on manual or direct algorithmic partitioning, this paper employs the K-means clustering algorithm for index discernment, abstracting the concept of K-means clustering centroids to encapsulate regional homogeneity, thereby delineating results through the visualization of regional development potential maps and the evolution of centroid-based clustering trend maps. The findings of the investigation illuminate common patterns of change across disparate regions, proposing a strategy for leveraging regional resource endowments towards a cohesive framework, thereby transcending constraints imposed by production efficiency limitations. Amidst the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study draws upon provincial-level data spanning from 2000 to 2018 in China. The conclusive analytical outcomes underscore the pivotal role of energy factors in regional development efficiency, particularly within high-potential development regions, followed by the capital and labor factors. Concurrently, the study discerns a discernible hierarchical pattern among areas of development potential, which exhibits correlation with factor mobility dynamics.

A Review Paper on Production Efficiency Factors for the Small-scale Fisheries Entrepreneur in Fishery Industry

A Review Paper on Production Efficiency Factors for the Small-scale Fisheries Entrepreneur in Fishery Industry

Resource organizational environment as an entrepreneurial efficiency and decision-making factor

Resource organizational environment as an entrepreneurial efficiency and decision-making factor

Вплив причіпних ланок на керованість тракторних самохідних шасі

An analysis of methods for calculating the distribution of normal reactions of the road between the axles of the tractor unit was carried out. It is shown that they are based on the misconception that traction forces and rolling resistance forces are applied in the spots of contact of the wheels with the road. The research shows that installing a towing link on a tractor self-propelled chassis through the rear suspension system at a level below the axis of the rear wheels (the diameter of which is larger in relation to the diameter of the front wheels) allows reducing the additional unloading of the front wheels. A more correct scheme of the tractor unit with the application of the traction force and the rolling resistance force on the wheel axles is calculated, which determines the increase in the total normal reaction on the front wheels of the tractor self-propelled chassis when working with the towing link. It is shown that an increase in the difference in the dynamic radii of the front and rear wheels, a decrease in the vertical coordinate of the center of mass of the tractor unit leads to an increase in the normal reaction of the road on the front wheels. Since the controllability of wheeled machines increases with the growth of the normal reaction on the front wheels, the presence of towing links with the attachment point located below the axis of the rear driving wheel increases the controllability of the tractor unit based on the self-propelled chassis. The problem of determining the total normal reaction of the road on the front wheels of a tractor self-propelled chassis with a trailing link in the case of application of the traction force and the force of movement resistance on the wheel axles has been solved. To increase the accuracy of finding the total normal reaction of the road on the front wheels of the tractor self-propelled chassis, which will allow to clarify the assessment of the controllability of the latter when moving with a towed link. Increasing the difference in the dynamic radii of the wheels and reducing the base of the tractor self-propelled chassis allows you to increase the value of the total normal reaction of the road on the wheels in relation to the horizontal reaction in the hinge of the axle of the trailer link. It was determined that the operation of the tractor self-propelled chassis with trailing links is characterized by a higher efficiency factor of its chassis compared to a universal tractor of class 0.6 and higher efforts under the condition that its front platform is loaded.

High-priority targets for transient gravitational waves from glitching pulsars

ABSTRACT Glitching pulsars are expected to be important sources of gravitational waves (GWs). In this paper, we explore six different models that propose the emission of transient continuous waves, lasting days to months, coincident with glitches. The maximal GW energy is calculated for each model, which is then used to determine whether associated GWs could be detectable with LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA’s O4 detectors. We provide an analytical approximation to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) which includes information about the source’s sky position, improving on previous estimates that assume isotropic or sky and orientation averaged sensitivities. By analysing the entire glitching population, we find that certain models predict detectable signals in O4, whereas others do not. We also rank glitching pulsars by SNR, based on archival data, and we find that for all models, the Vela pulsar (PSR J0835$-$4510) would provide the strongest signal. Moreover, PSR J0537$-$6910 is not expected to yield a detectable signal in O4, but will start becoming relevant for next-generation detectors. Our analysis also extends to the entire pulsar population, regardless of whether they have glitched, and we provide a list of pulsars that would present a significant signal, if they were to glitch. Finally, we apply our analysis to the 2024 April Vela glitch and find that a signal should be detectable under certain models. The non-detection of a supposedly detectable signal would provide an efficiency factor that quantifies a model’s contribution to GW emission, eventually leading to a differentiation of models and independent constraints on physical parameters.

The Feedback from a Beach Berm during Post-Storm Recovery and How to Improve the Berm’s Restorative Efficiency

The efficiency of beach recovery during a time of moderate waves following storm waves is closely related to the interaction between dynamics, sediment, and the landform. The existing studies mainly focus on the description of erosion and accretion characteristics, while the response and feedback mechanism of beach berm sediment have not been elucidated. The main controlling factors of recovery efficiency are not clear. In this paper, field observation and the XBeach numerical model are utilized on the sandy beach in Puqian Bay, China, to capture high-frequency cross-shore data during the post-storm recovery period. The variation characteristics and rules of berm elements, including berm ridge height and slope on two sides of the berm ridge, are analyzed. It is observed that the berm constantly changes to adapt to dynamic conditions. Additionally, a correlation between volume change and certain landform parameters is proposed, leading to the identification of a new relationship in wave run-up. The new forum reflects berm influence and considers the berm ridge and berm width.

Investigation of sleep quality and mental toughness levels of young soccer players in terms of chronotypes

Background: The purpose of this research was to determine whether there is a relation between chronotype type and factors known to have a great impact on sports performance such as sleep quality and mental toughness.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using the questionnaire technique. The population of this research consisted of 8.952 soccer players while the sample size consisted of 370 soccer players, with a confidence level of 95%. In this study, the "Turkish form of Morningness-Eveningness Stability Scale", "Mental Toughness Scale", and "Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire- Turkish Version" scales were usedas data collection tools.Results: There was a positive and statistically significant relation between MorningType (M-Type) and Mental Toughness (p<.005). In terms of sleep behavior, a statistically significant relation was found between Evening-Type (E-Type) and sleep behavior (sport-related factors), between M-Type and Neither-Type (N-Type) andsleep behavior (sleep quality), between M-Type and sleep behavior (habitual sleep efficiency) (p<.005).Conclusion: Based on the data of this research, it was found that soccer players with M-Type had higher mental toughness than soccer players with E-Type and N-Type. Furthermore, it was concluded that soccer players had low sleep quality in terms of sleep habits. It was found that E-Type soccer players were affected by sport-relatedfactors, M-Type soccer players were affected by habitual sleep efficiency factors, and M-Type and N-Type soccer players were affected by inefficient sleep factors.

Large-Scale Genome-Wide Optimization and Prediction of the Cre Recombinase System for Precise Genome Manipulation in Mice.

The Cre-Lox recombination system is a powerful tool in mouse genetics, offering spatial-temporal control over gene expression and facilitating the large-scale generation of conditional knockout mice. Its versatility also extends to other research models, such as rats, pigs, and zebrafish. However, the Cre-Lox technology presents a set of challenges that includes high costs, a time-intensive process, and the occurrence of unpredictable recombination events, which can lead to unexpected phenotypic outcomes. To better understand factors affecting recombination, we embarked on a systematic and genome-wide analysis of Cre-mediated recombination in mice. To ensure uniformity and reproducibility, we generated 11 novel strains with conditional alleles at the ROSA26 locus, utilizing a single inbred mouse strain background, C57BL/6J. We examined several factors influencing Cre-recombination, including the inter-loxP distance, mutant loxP sites, the zygosity of the conditional alleles, chromosomal location, and the age of the breeders. We discovered that the selection of the Cre-driver strain profoundly impacts recombination efficiency. We also found that successful and complete recombination is best achieved when loxP sites are spaced between 1 to 4 kb apart, with mutant loxP sites facilitating recombination at distances of 1 to 3 kb. Furthermore, we demonstrate that complete recombination does not occur at an inter-loxP distance of ≥ 15 kb with wildtype loxP sites, nor at a distance of ≥ 7 kb with mutant lox71/66 sites. Interestingly, the age of the Cre-driver mouse at the time of breeding emerged as a critical factor in recombination efficiency, with best results observed between 8 and 20 weeks old. Moreover, crossing heterozygous floxed alleles with the Cre-driver strain resulted in more efficient recombination than using homozygous floxed alleles. Lastly, maintaining an inter-loxP distance of 4 kb or less ensures efficient recombination of the conditional allele, regardless of the chromosomal location. While CRISPR/Cas has revolutionized genome editing in mice, Cre-Lox technology remains a cornerstone for the generation of sophisticated alleles and for precise control of gene expression in mice. The knowledge gained here will enable investigators to select a Cre-Lox approach that is most efficient for their desired outcome in the generation of both germline and non-germline mouse models of human disease, thereby reducing time and cost of Cre-Lox technology-mediated genome modification.

Light management in hole transport layer-free perovskite solar cell by SPP and LSPR

In recent years, light management based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has received significant attention. However, the use of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) excitations in PSCs has been less studied. Meanwhile, hole transport layer-free perovskite solar cells (HTL-free PSCs) have garnered interest due to their lower cost. In this study, we improve light absorption in HTL-free PSCs by simultaneously utilizing LSPR and SPP effects. Au nanotriangles are employed on the surface of the back electrode to excite SPPs. The thickness of the perovskite layer is varied from 100 nm to 400 nm. The optimal periodicity and dimensions of the triangular nanoparticles are determined for each perovskite layer thickness. In the optimal structures with perovskite layer thicknesses of 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, and 400 nm, absorption enhancements of 25%, 12.4%, 13%, and 4.3% are achieved, respectively. The interaction of light with SPP and LSP modes leads to improved solar cell performance. Furthermore, the short circuit current density (JSC) in structures with layer thicknesses of 100 nm and 200 nm increased from 16.7 mA cm−2 to 20.71 mA cm−2 and from 19.8 mA cm−2 to 21.86 mA cm−2, respectively. Other photovoltaic characteristics of the solar cell were obtained through optical-electrical numerical analysis. For the improved solar cell with a perovskite thickness of 100 nm, the values of open circuit voltage, efficiency, and fill factor were 0.847 V, 0.81, and 14.24%, respectively, representing increases of 1.1%, 2.4%, and 28.7% compared to the bare device. Additionally, in the solar cell with a thickness of 200 nm, an efficiency of 17.03% was achieved, showing a 12.5% improvement compared to the bare structure. Our research results facilitate the design of high-performance, ultra-thin, semi-transparent solar cells.

Clinical features and associated factors of impaired ventilatory efficiency: findings from the ECOPD study in China

BackgroundImpaired ventilatory efficiency during exercise is a predictor of mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, little is known about the clinical features and associated factors of impaired ventilatory efficiency...

Performance enhancement of inorganic Cs2AgInBr6-based perovskite solar cell by numerical simulation

To fulfil the growing need for energy, researchers are consistently working on enhancing the effectiveness of solar cells. Keeping the same goal in mind, a completely inorganic Cs2AgInBr6-based perovskite solar cell (PSC) is simulated by the SCAPS 1D simulation package. A completely inorganic design is preferred to achieve good stability and a good efficiency of 32.517 %. Enhancement in device performance is achieved by optimizing various parameters, including the back electrode's work function, absorber thickness and defect density, and charge transport layers' thickness, doping density and defect density. Under optimized conditions, a conversion efficiency of 32.517 % is achieved using palladium (Pd) as the back contact metal. The study emphasizes an absorber thickness of 600 nm and defect density of 1.8 × 1011 cm−3 as optimal for maximizing photovoltaic performance parameters. The charge transport layers TiO2 as ETL and CuO as HTL are optimized to achieve the utmost photovoltaic properties. The HTL thicknesses around 200 nm and ETL thicknesses around 10 nm are suitable for high-efficiency solar cells. The p-type doping in HTL and n-type doping in ETL is varied from 1014 cm−3 to 1023 cm−3. The changing doping level has a small affect on the photovoltaic parameters. Considering all four parameters, the medium doping levels around 1018 cm−3 are good for HTL and ETL. Further, the effect of series resistance, shunt resistance, and temperature on perovskite solar cell performance are also investigated. The power conversion efficiency and fill factor are better at lower temperatures. The efficiency decreases from 34.189 % to 26.211 % and the fill factor declines from 91.400 % to 85.002 % as the temperature rises from 260 K to 450 K. Overall, the research ensures the significant improvement in photovoltaic potential for inorganic Cs2AgInBr6 based PSCs through the utilization of low-cost back contact metal Pd and inorganic transport materials such as TiO2 and CuO. The article will serve as a comprehensive guide for researchers keen on developing perovskite solar cells, specifically focusing on selecting various material properties for the absorber and charge transport layers.

Implementasi Pelayanan Pengaduan Masyarakat di Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Polsek Penukal Abab

This research was conducted to provide an overview of public complaint handling implementation at the Service Desk (SPK) of Penukal Abab Police Sector, using a qualitative approach. The informants in this study included the head of the SPK at Penukal Abab Police Sector and members of the community who filed police reports. Data analysis techniques involved data collection, data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. From the research conducted by the researcher, it was found that the community members who can file complaints at SPK Penukal Abab come from the Penukal and Abab Districts. The efficiency factors hindering public complaint services at SPK Penukal Abab include a lack of human resources, specifically officers handling public complaints at SPK Penukal Abab. The limited number of officers combined with a high volume of reports places a heavy workload on existing personnel, leading to suboptimal performance. Efforts that can be undertaken by SPK officers at Penukal Abab Police Sector to enhance the quality of public complaint services were also explored.

The efficiency assessment of using hybrid neural networks for the detection of forged audio data in socially oriented systems

The subject of the research is the problem of detecting falsified data, in particular in audio format, in socially oriented systems. The goal of the work is to develop an effective model based on recurrent and convolutional neural networks for determining the fact of forgery of sound data, using MapReduce technology for parallelization. The article addresses the following tasks: determining the features of audio in socially-oriented systems, conducting an analysis of algorithms for processing audio information both in the form of text and in the form of a signal, forming a list of target architectures of neural networks and revealing the features of their implementation, conducting an experimental test of effectiveness selected approaches. The following methods used are – analytical and inductive method for determining the target set of neural network architectures; expert assessment for the formation of the most influential efficiency factors; experimental, multi-criteria evaluation and statistical methods of data augmentation to determine the most effective model. The following results were obtained: an audio data reprocessing algorithm was developed for the possibility of using recurrent and convolutional networks. Several approaches to data classification using augmentation based on vector autoregression and MapReduce parallelization technology have been implemented. It was determined that the most effective model for the multi-criteria selection problem is a combination of a bidirectional recurrent neural network with support for short- and long-term memory with several convolutional networks. The advantages of using MapReduce technology to optimize training time and data processing are shown, and a set of open questions for further research and applied implementation is defined. Conclusions: he application of an analytical and inductive approach followed by experimental verification made it possible to develop an effective (with an accuracy of more than 96%) a mechanism for detecting fabricated data both in the form of a signal and in text form. The obtained result makes it possible to assert the feasibility of implementing the proposed approach, and, accordingly, makes it possible to reduce the influence of such information in socially oriented systems, especially during crisis events.

Enhancing energy efficiency in distributed systems with hybrid energy storage

This paper presents a pioneering approach to enhance energy efficiency within distributed energy systems by integrating hybrid energy storage. Unlike prior research, our study focuses on synergizing two distinct energy storage systems while concurrently optimizing system configuration and operational strategies to enhance performance and reduce costs. The employed distributed energy system incorporates hybrid energy storage, merging thermal energy storage with power storage technologies such as supercapacitors and lithium batteries. We conduct a comprehensive investigation into the impact of this innovative system on distributed energy systems, employing a dual-objective cooperative optimization method that addresses energy efficiency and economic factors alongside environmental considerations. This approach is applied to an almost zero-energy community, demonstrating its efficacy in improving load profiles and optimizing energy management through demand-side management. Additionally, we incorporate stochastic energy management, renewable energy resource planning, and dynamic storage to account for uncertainties in energy sources and demand, utilizing the Two-Point Estimate Method (2P + E PEM). To address the complexity of the problem, we introduce an advanced multi-objective optimization algorithm, the Horse Herd Optimization Algorithm (HOA), inspired by the movement behavior of horses in a herd. This algorithm exhibits superior performance with various operators including elite selection and crossover. In conclusion, our contributions include the introduction of a distributed energy system with hybrid storage, a dual-objective cooperative optimization method, and the application of advanced algorithms. Our results demonstrate significant reductions, with primary energy consumption decreasing by nearly 54.8 % and equivalent pollutant emissions by 63.6 %, highlighting the significance and effectiveness of our proposed approach.

Numerical modeling and parametric optimization of a dual media tank thermal energy storage system for enhanced industrial heat processes

ABSTRACT In this study, a 1-D numerical model is developed to investigate the Dual Media Tank (DMT) thermal energy storage (TES) system. A physical model of 29 kWTH DMT is designed to evaluate the effect of parameters such as inlet velocity, pebble diameter and void fraction on discharging efficiency, friction factor and thermocline thickness. In addition, a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is also used to optimize the design and operating parameters for maximum discharging efficiency and minimum pressure drop. The analysis result indicates a 41% increase in discharging efficiency and a 53% drop in friction factor for Reynolds number ranging from 16–23. However, a sharp increase in thermocline thickness (0.25–0.75 m) is found for Reynolds numbers ranging from 16–18; thereafter, the growth of thermocline thickness is slower. This shows that thermal degradation is higher for low Reynolds numbers. In this analysis, the effect of pebble diameter is also studied, and the result shows a 22% drop in discharging efficiency for pebble diameter varying from 0.03–0.09 m. In addition, the pebble diameter also affects the discharging time, and the result indicates a maximum discharging time of 40 minutes for smaller pebble diameters. Accordingly, parametric optimization has also been done to optimize the mass flow rate and pebbles diameter for maximum efficiency and minimum friction factor. The optimization result shows that a mass flow rate of 0.10 kg/s and pebbles diameter of 0.07 m is the optimum value for both minimal pressure drop and maximum discharging efficiency.

Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Water Use Efficiency of Rice–Wheat Rotation Cropland in the Jianghuai River Basin of China

ABSTRACTRice–wheat rotation cropland is one of the most important agroecosystems in South China, the escalation of conflict between food demand augment and water supply shortage increased with climate change. Water use efficiency plays a more significant role in optimising water and carbon management. Thus, the diurnal and seasonal variations of water use efficiency were assessed by the 3‐year eddy covariance observations in the Shouxian National Observatory, a typical rice–wheat rotation station. The results revealed a ‘U’‐shaped diurnal pattern of water use efficiency for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seasonal water use efficiency had two peaks with the highest in the winter wheat‐growing season. The average water use efficiency for the rice–wheat rotation cropland was 2.85 g C kg−1 H2O over the whole year with 2.62 and 3.11 g C kg−1 H2O for winter wheat and rice, respectively. However, gross primary productivity and evapotranspiration of rice were higher than those of winter wheat. Temperature, photosynthetically active radiation were the principal impact factors of water use efficiency in the rice‐growing season. Comparatively, soil water and vapour pressure deficit dominated the water use efficiency changes in the winter wheat‐growing season. Our analyses can help understand the water use requirements for carbon assimilation on rice–wheat rotation cropland on the field scale.

Unlocking the Potential of VCI Films: A Comprehensive Study on Protective Efficiency

ABSTRACT Volatile Corrosion Inhibitor films have become an essential tool in safeguarding metal surfaces from corrosion. To maximize the effectiveness of VCI films, it is crucial to understand the relationship between their thermal properties and vapor phase inhibition ability. In this study, the optimal and modified standard test was performed for evaluation of VCI films ability and also investigate how their thermal characteristics influence their protective efficiency via the weight-loss method, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The results showed that under the simulated and standard test conditions, the steel surface exposed to VCI films shows a model of a “preservative memory for VCI material”, at higher temperature/humidity. This memory is affected by different adsorption power due to the roughness of the surface, humidity and temperature as well as the rate of release of inhibitors. The results of the computational method confirmed that the orientation of the inhibitor molecule when interact with the polymer chain is the determining factor in the inhibition efficiency, consistent with the FTIR results. This behavior caused by chemical or electrochemical reaction with the temperature-dependent release rate of inhibitors has a greater effect on inhibition.

The European Vocational Education and Training System: Towards a Unified Approach

The European vocational education and training system exhibits significant diversity, with each country implementing its unique approach. While a unified European solution is desirable, a lack of comprehensive knowledge in this area hinders the development of policies that could establish a basic model applicable to all countries, albeit with necessary variations due to socio-economic nuances. European policymakers and stakeholders recognize the importance of vocational education and training, including formats like Dual School and Work-based Learning. Nations have committed to common targets in their education and training strategies, driven by globalized competition and the need for professional workers skilled in new technologies. Nevertheless, with the support of established systems, this European solution shows great potential for seamless operation and effectiveness. A successful European strategy would take into account the advancements in technology, the unique regional and national characteristics of the workforce in terms of traditional skills and competencies, and notably, the available natural resources. These resources have become a crucial factor in industrial efficiency and competitiveness. Implementation of dual school models varies at the European level, influenced by national strategies shaped by local factors. Some countries prioritize collaboration with stakeholders and regulatory frameworks to optimize professional training, while others, like Romania and Bulgaria, are just beginning to adopt dual school laws, with emerging examples of best practices. Romania, in particular, has largely followed the German model due to economic influences. In 2006, the European Council recognized vocational training through dual schools as an excellent investment, yielding high returns, surpassing initial costs, and delivering long-term efficiency and productivity benefits.

СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО КОНСУЛЬТУВАННЯ З МОЛОДІЖНОГО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА

The article considers the importance of increasing the socio-economic efficiency of counselling on youth entrepreneurship on the basis of innovation. The purpose of the study is to establish the impact of innovative approaches and technologies on improving the socio-economic outcomes of counselling young entrepreneurs. In the course of the study the methods of description, generalization and systematization were used. The influence of indicators of socio-economic outcomes of entrepreneurship on the socio-economic effectiveness of youth entrepreneurship counselling was identified and the main aspects of this influence were determined. It is established that youth entrepreneurship counselling has an inherent innovative function, which becomes the main factor in the socio-economic efficiency of its subjects. The introduction of product, process, managerial and organizational innovations in youth entrepreneurship counselling is proposed. Key words: youth entrepreneurship, consulting, business consulting, Global Innovation Index, innovation activity, innovation management, innovation function, product innovation, managerial innovation, organizational innovation, social innovation.