Efficacy Of Quercetin Research Articles

Efficacy of Quercetin and Quercetin Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Against Cisplatin-Induced Renal and Testicular Toxicity via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis.

Flavonoids, including quercetin, have attracted much attention due to their potential health-promoting effects. The current experiment aims to see whether quercetin (QUE) in nanoparticle form could mitigate testicular and renal toxicity caused by cisplatin (CIS) more effectively than normally formulated QUE. Rats were randomly treated with CIS alone or in combination with QUE or QUE.NPs (Quercetin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles) for 4 weeks. QUE and QUE.NPs were given orally (10 mg/kg, three times a week), while CIS was given intraperitoneally (2 mg/kg, twice a week). Compared to QUE- and CIS + QUE.NP-treated rats, CIS exposure induced anxiety and emotional stress as well as promoted oxidative stress in both testicular and renal tissues. Moreover, CIS reduced serum testosterone levels and diminished testicular IL-10, as well as CIS-induced renal failure, as indicated by hypokalemia, and increased levels of creatinine, urea, sodium, IL-18, and KIM-1. Further, severe histological changes were observed in the testis and kidney of CIS-intoxicated rats. Regarding immunohistochemical staining, CIS significantly upregulated Bax, downregulated Bcl-2, and moderately enhanced PCNA expression. Our findings suggest that both QUE and QUE.NPs modulated emotional disturbance and improved testicular and renal functions via modulation of oxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis. However, QUE.NPs performed better than QUE-treated rats.

Mitigation of hypobaric hypoxia induced renal inflammatory alterations by quercetin prophylaxis

The objective of the present study is to decipher the role of NF-κB and its associated downstream genes involved in causing inflammation in kidneys of rats under acute hypobaric hypoxia exposure. The study also aims at finding out the efficacy of quercetin in comparison with dexamethasone in prevention of hypobaric hypoxia induced renal inflammation. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (n = 6) were preconditioned with 50 mg/Kg BW of quercetin, 1 h prior to hypobaric hypoxia exposure (12 h). The results revealed a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.001) levels along with down regulation of GPx and SOD levels in kidney tissue of hypobaric hypoxia exposed rats as compared to control. However, ROS production and MDA levels in kidney tissues were reduced significantly (p < 0.001) with enhanced antioxidant enzyme levels (GPx and SOD) in rats fed with quercetin as compared to hypobaric hypoxia exposed control (p < 0.001). Protein expression analysis through western blotting and EMSA performed in nuclear extracts of kidneys, exhibited a significant upregulation of NF-κB under hypobaric hypoxic stress as compared to control. Whereas pretreatment with quercetin aids in downregulation of NF-κB expression in kidneys of rats as compared to the hypobaric hypoxia exposed group. Further, quercetin prophylaxis significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-6), increased the anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-β) along with reduced expression of cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin and P-selectin) in kidneys of rats under hypobaric hypoxia as compared to hypobaric hypoxia control. However, pre-treatment with dexamethasone was not as effective as quercetin, in controlling the renal inflammation. Furthermore, improved hematological parameters such as WBC, RBC, and platelet count indicated that quercetin is a well-functioning effective molecule under hypobaric hypoxic exposure. The histopathological and TEM findings, manifested the structural changes in tubular arrangements in kidneys of rats, and these changes were found to be modified by quercetin prophylaxis under hypobaric hypoxic stress. Hence, the present study indicates that, quercetin can be considered as a potential phytochemical flavonoid moiety in preventing the acute renal inflammation under hypobaric hypoxia.

Efficacy of quercetin in ameliorating hypoxia-induced hematological and histopathological alterations in rohu Labeo rohita.

Hypoxia, a major issue in aquatic ecosystems, in special reference to climate change, and exacerbated by anthropogenic activities. It is causing slow growth, disease outbreaks, and mortality in finfish and shellfish. Therefore, adaptation to lowering oxygen levels through supplementation of herbs or their extracts in diets is imperative. In this study, hypoxia was simulated in controlled conditions with quercetin-enriched diets. Quercetin is a plant pigment (flavonol) possessing anti-oxidant property and is present in vegetables, leaves, seeds, pulses, and fruits. The experiment was conducted on rohu Labeo rohita, which is most widely cultured in India. There were four treatments including T1 (Normoxia: > 5ppm dissolved oxygen; DO2), T2 (hypoxia: 3-4ppm DO2), T3 (hypoxia + 50mg quercetin/kg diet), and T4 (hypoxia + 100mg quercetin/kg diet). The study was conducted for 30days, and water quality was measured regularly. The results revealed that the hematological parameters were negatively affected. The tissue micro-architecture illustrated the impairment through degeneration of neurons in the brain, increased pigmentation as melanosis in the kidney, increased thickness of primary lamellae in the gills, and dilatations of sinusoids in the liver in hypoxia groups, while quercetin-enriched diets improved the hematological and histomorphological parameters. The results confirm the utility of hematological and histopathological tools as biomarkers and reflect the possible threats of hypoxia on fish. In conclusion, quercetin in diets appeared to show resistance towards chronic hypoxia by restoring the structure and functions of the vital organs towards normalcy and could be recommended as a potential ameliorative agent.

Pharmacological underlying mechanisms of the anticancer effect of licorice: Bioinformatics and experimental verification

PurposeCancer is the second leading cause of human mortality and has rapidly become a major global issue. According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, the primary pathogenesis of cancer is the deficiency of "vital Qi". Licorice (Gancao in Chinese, GC) one of the oldest and the most frequently used herbs for tonifying Qi, is commonly integrated with other Chinese medicines to treat cancer in TCM clinical practice. GC extract, or its chemical components, are often utilized in cancer treatment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying GC's therapeutic effects on cancer remain unclear. Our current study aimed to elucidate these mechanisms from the perspective of network pharmacology and experimental validation. MethodsWe employed network pharmacology and bioinformatics to explore the anti-cancer mechanism, crucial targets, and kernel ingredients of GC. The significant targets and key ingredients (quercetin, glycyrrhetinic acid, and glucyrin) were substantiated using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) viability assay, respectively. ResultsOur findings identified eight critical targets and key ingredients (quercetin, glycyrrhetinic acid, glucyrin) and suggested that GC's anti-cancer effects are primarily associated with modulation of the immune system, signal transduction, cell cycle, and gene expression. The efficacy of quercetin, glycyrrhetinic acid, glucyrin against Human A549 lung cancer cells was confirmed. ConclusionThis study comprehensively elucidates the mechanisms through which GC addresses cancer, leveraging network pharmacology and experimental validation. These insights contribute to identifying principal compounds and developing innovative drugs for cancer therapy.

Efficacy of Quercetin and Kaempferol from Methanolic Extracts of Adiantum lunulatum Burm. F. and Polystichum acrostichoides as Antidiabetic Activity

In present investigation, the aerial parts of two fern species viz. Polystichum acrostichoides (PA) and Adiantum lunulatum (AL) were used to evaluate the potent antidiabetic activity. Methanol solvent was used for extraction by soxhlation method followed by LC-MS analysis to identify the presence of compounds in both the extracts. Further, isolation of the major compounds was carried out and characterized by IR, mass and NMR techniques. Thereafter, in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity for both the extracts was determined by comparing with acarbose as standard. Thereafter, α-glucosidase inhibition activity followed by glucose uptake was studied using L6 cell line study. Practical yield for both the fern extracts was calculated and observed A. lunulatum extract showed more yield (7 g) than P. acrostichoides (3 g). Based on the analytical data, isolated compound was identified as quercetin and kaempferol from the A. lunulatum and P. acrostichoides extracts, respectively. A. lunulatum extract even showed better dose dependent α-amylase inhibition and α-glucosidase inhibition activity than P. acrostichoides furthermore, L6 cell line study showed increased glucose uptake by A. lunulatum extract than P. acrostichoides extract when compared with standard insulin. Based on the findings, it appears that the both A. lunulatum and P. acrostichoides have the potential to be used as antidiabetic drugs due to presence of major isolated flavonoids i.e. quercetin and kaempferol as among the bioactive compounds. Antidiabetic efficacy was dosage dependent and A. lunulatum extract was more effective in inhibiting glucose uptake than P. acrostichoides extract.

Isolation, Characterization, In-silico and enzyme Inhibition studies of plant Bougainvillea spectabilis against a hyperoxaluria Initiator Glycolate oxidase

Glycolate oxidase has long been thought to be a key player in the formation of oxalate accumulation in the human body. Both the endogenous synthesis of oxalate and clinically identified targets for the therapy of primary hyperoxaluria are affected by this disorder. The role of glycolate oxidase has been investigated in order to provide additional insight into the possible molecular pathways involved. The presence of flavonoids in the ethanolic extract led to the conclusion that it was suitable following phytochemical screening. Column chromatography was used to isolate the active component using the proper solvent system. The structure of the active, separated phytoconstituents was ascertained using a variety of spectral techniques, including FTIR, NMR, and GCMS analysis. Following structure elucidation, glycolate oxidase (PDB: 2RDT) and Quercetin were used as standards in molecular docking investigations. Studies on in- vitro enzyme inhibition were carried out to verify the outcome. Following the investigation of the isolated compound's spectral data, it was determined that the structure might be 4-hydroxy-3-nitro coumarin. Using conventional standard flavonoid Quercetin, additional molecular docking studies were carried out to speculate on the compound's potential mechanism of action. The chemical was discovered to be effective during the inhibition of the target enzyme by occupying the majority of the amino acid active sites. In-vitro enzyme inhibition tests provided additional confirmation for the computational investigations. The isolated compound's significant IC50 value in this study was demonstrated in comparison to standard Quercetin's efficacy. These findings supported the isolated compound's potential mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting the enzyme glycolate oxidase, in terms of its anti-urolithiasis efficacy. The study also provided justification for the compound's potential therapeutic application in urolithiasis.

Quercetin induces cytotoxicity and apoptosis, reduces metastasis and drug resistance in oral cancer cells

Abstract Quercetin is a plant flavonol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols or can also be formulated as a synthetic supplement chemically. Approximately 80 % of people in Africa and other developing nations still depend on traditional herbal remedies to treat ailments. Quercetin has been demonstrated to have a variety of anticancer effects. However, the effect of quercetin on oral cancer cells remains rare. According to our systematic review, quercetin includes anti-cell viability, anti-cell survival and anti-cell proliferation. Quercetin also possesses an anti-metastatic effect by regulating the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-related genes in oral cancer cells. The apoptotic effect of quercetin in oral cancer cells is probably via inducing cell surface death receptors, endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondria-mediated signaling pathways. Additionally, quercetin reduces drug resistance in KB/vincristine oral cancer cells and enhances cell sensitivity to vincristine treatment. Quercetin induces apoptosis of human oral cancer SAS cells through the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria-mediated signaling pathways. Quercetin inhibits cell survival and metastatic ability via the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-mediated signaling pathways in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Quercetin is an anti-tumour agent candidate and can also inhibit oral tumour metastasis. Indeed, the efficacy of quercetin against chemically induced oral squamous cell carcinoma remains to be elucidated.

Zein-based nanospheres and nanocapsules for the encapsulation and oral delivery of quercetin

In this study, the ability of zein nanospheres (NS) and zein nanocapsules containing wheat germ oil (NC) to enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of quercetin was evaluated. Both types of nanocarriers had similar physico-chemical properties, including size (between 230 and 250 nm), spherical shape, negative zeta potential, and surface hydrophobicity. However, NS displayed a higher ability than NC to interact with the intestinal epithelium, as evidenced by an oral biodistribution study in rats. Moreover, both types of nanocarriers offered similar loading efficiencies and release profiles in simulated fluids. In C. elegans, the encapsulation of quercetin in nanospheres (Q-NS) was found to be two twice more effective than the free form of quercetin in reducing lipid accumulation. For nanocapsules, the presence of wheat germ oil significantly increased the storage of lipids in C. elegans; although the incorporation of quercetin (Q-NC) significantly counteracted the presence of the oil. Finally, nanoparticles improved the oral absorption of quercetin in Wistar rats, offering a relative oral bioavailability of 26% and 57% for Q-NS and Q-NC, respectively, compared to a 5% for the control formulation. Overall, the study suggests that zein nanocarriers, particularly nanospheres, could be useful in improving the bioavailability and efficacy of quercetin.

Formulating co-loaded nanoliposomes with gallic acid and quercetin for enhanced cancer therapy

Cancer is considered one of the top global causes of death. Natural products have been used in oncology medicine either in crude form or by utilizing isolated secondary metabolites. Biologically active phytomolecules such as gallic acid and quercetin have confirmed antioxidant, anti-bacterial, and neoplastic properties. There is an agreement that microorganisms could mediate oncogenesis or alter the immune system. This research project aims to develop a novel formulation of co-loaded gallic acid and quercetin into nanoliposomes and investigate the efficacy of the free and combined agents against multiple cancerous cell lines and bacterial strains. Thin-film hydration technique was adopted to synthesize the nanocarriers. Particle characteristics were measured using a Zetasizer. The morphology of nanoliposomes was examined by scanning electron microscopy, Encapsulation efficiency and drug loading were evaluated using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Cytotoxicity was determined against Breast Cancer Cells MCF-7, Human Carcinoma Cells HT-29, and A549 Lung Cancer Cells. The antibacterial activities were evaluated against Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Therapeutic formulas were categorized into groups: free gallic acid, free quercetin, free-mix, and their nano-counterparts. Findings revealed that drug loading capacity was 0.204 for the mix formula compared to 0.092 and 0.68 for free gallic acid and quercetin, respectively. Regarding the Zeta potential, the mix formula showed more amphiphilic charge than the free quercetin and free gallic acid formulas (P-values 0.003 and 0.002 receptively). On the contrary, no significant difference in polydispersity indices was reported. Lung cancerous cells were the most affected by the treatments. The best estimated IC50 values were observed in breast and lung cancer lines for the nano-gallic acid and co-loaded particles. The nano-quercetin formula exhibited the least cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of ≥200 μg/mL in both breast (MCF-7) and colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines (HT-29) with no activity against the lung. A remarkable improvement in the efficacy of quercetin was measured after mixing it with gallic acid against the breast and lungs. The tested therapeutic agents exhibited antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria. Nano-liposomes can either enhance or reduce the cytotoxicity activity of active compounds depending on the physical and chemical properties of drug-loaded and type of cancer cells.

Protective Effects of a Polyphenolic Phytochemical Quercetin against Oxidative Dysfunctions in Rats.

Quercetin hastraditionally been used in various oxidative and urinary tract dysfunctions. Thecurrent project is consequently set to evaluate the defensive efficacy ofQuercetin against potassium bromate (KBrO3) induced testiculartissue oxidative dysfunctions through biochemical, hormonal, and genotoxicmarkers. To observe theprotective efficacy of Quercetin against urinogenital oxidative dysfunction inrats, thirty six albino male rats were divided into six groups. Protectiveefficacies of Quercetin were checked on reproductive hormonal levels,antioxidant enzyme activities, lipids peroxidation (LP), and DNA damages. Potassium bromate exposure in experimentalanimals caused a reduction in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and disturbedhormonal secretions while enhancing the peroxidation of lipids andfragmentations of DNA. Cotreatment of Quercetin considerably (P<0.01)reversed these abnormalities with admiration to levels of hormones, antioxidantenzymes activities, and peroxidations of lipids secure to those seen inuntreated rats. (P < 0.01). The findings of the current project revealedthat various doses of Quercetin are able to keep the testicular organ fromabnormal free radical dysfunctions. These improvements might be due to theantioxidant ability of polyphenolic bioactive constituent, i.e., Quercetin.

Development of surface modified bilosomes for the oral delivery of quercetin: optimization, characterization in-vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxicity study

Quercetin (QT) is a flavonoid that exhibits anti-oxidant and chemo-preventive activity. This research work aimed to develop surface-modified bilosomes (BS) of QT. The BS was prepared by the solvent evaporation method and optimized by the Box-Behnken design. The optimized QT-BS (QT-BS3opt) displayed vesicle size (143.51 nm), PDI (0.256), zeta potential (−15.4 mV), and entrapment efficiency (89.52%). Further, the optimized QT-BS formulation was coated with chitosan (CS). The XRD diffractogram of CS-QT-BS3opt1 did not exhibit extensive peaks of QT, revealing that QT is properly encapsulated in the polymer matrix. The QT-BS3opt and CS-QT-BS3opt1 exhibited sustained-release (86.62 ± 3.23% and 69.32 ± 2.57%, respectively) up to 24 h with the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model (R2 =0.9089). CS-QT-BS3opt1 exhibited significantly (P < .05) high flux, i.e. 4.20-fold more than pure QT dispersion and 1.27-fold higher than QT-BS3opt. CS-QT-BS3opt1 showed significantly greater bio-adhesion (76.43 ± 2.42%) than QT-BS3opt (20.82 ± 1.45%). The antioxidant activity showed that QT from CS-QT-BS3opt1 has more remarkable (P < .05) antioxidant activity at each concentration than pure QT. The CS-QT-BS3opt1 exhibited 1.61-fold higher cytotoxicity against MFC7 and 1.44-fold higher cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 than pure QT. The CS-QT-BS3opt1 displayed a significantly greater antimicrobial potential against E. coli than against S. aureus. From all these findings, it could be concluded that surface-modified QT-BS might be an effective approach for increasing the efficacy of QT in the treatment of certain ailments.

Toxicological assessment of sublethal dose of acetamiprid in male mice and the efficacy of quercetin

Acetamiprid (ACP) is a neonicotinoid insecticide that is the most effective pesticide for crop protection as well as flea control in agricultural animals and pets in the world. The goal of this study was to look at the in vivo effects of a sublethal dose of ACP on hematotoxicity, oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and histological alterations, as well as the role of quercetin (QE) in alleviating these effects. Twenty adult male mice were divided into four equal groups orally administered corn oil (control), QE (50 mg kg−1 b.wt.), ACP (1/10 LD50) or ACP plus QE for two weeks. The results showed that ACP significantly lowered the body weight gain, hematological indices, glutathione (GSH), and both cellular and humoral immunity, On the other hand, levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and liver and kidney marker values were considerably increased in male mice exposed to ACP. In addition, examination under light microscopic showed that ACP induces histological alterations in liver and kidney tissues. The results also revealed that treating intoxicated mice with QE significantly reduced the deleterious effects of ACP. In conclusion, current results show that ACP at the sub lethal dose poses toxic risks to the liver and kidneys, and QE as a natural material enhances antioxidant defenses, which can be used as a potential interventional therapy against negative effects of pesticides like ACP.

Preclinical evidence of the effect of quercetin on diabetic nephropathy: A meta-analysis of animal studies

Quercetin, which is present in numerous fruits and vegetables, has shown promise in improving inflammation, lipid profiles, and blood pressure in humans. However, the efficacy of quercetin in diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains preclinical and unclear. Therefore, a meta-analysis based on preclinical animal data is needed to assess the efficacy, optimal dosage, and underlying mechanism of DN treatment to accelerate new drug research and clinical translation. We conducted a literature search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library to retrieve randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of quercetin in rat or mouse diabetic models. We assessed the quality of the studies individually according to SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for animal studies. Twenty animal studies, including 378 animals, were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis data showed that renal function indices, such as renal index, urine protein, uric acid, urine albumin, and serum creatinine levels, significantly improved with quercetin administration. However, no significant association was observed between quercetin and creatinine clearance. Quercetin remarkably alleviated oxidative stress by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. In addition, quercetin exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by reducing tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）and interleukin-1β（IL-1β）levels. Subgroup analysis performed using quercetin doses and animal species indicated that animal species were a source of heterogeneity. This meta-analysis suggests that quercetin is a promising drug for DN treatment, facilitating clinical prediction and therapy.

ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF QUERCETIN VIA APOPTOSIS INDUCTION PATHWAYS IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELL LINES-A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to summarize and review the current literature surrounding quercetin in breast cancer and evaluate its efficacy as an anticancer agent in human breast cancer cell lines. Electronic databases, PUBMED, WEB OF SCIENCE and MEDLINE were systematically searched in December 2020 using the key terms, Quercetin AND Breast cancer AND apoptosis OR cell cycle. Fourteen papers surrounding effects of quercetin on cell viability were obtained. Risk of bias assessment revealed that most papers were reliable. Three meta-analyses were conducted to confirm the efficacy of quercetin at the concentrations of 40-50 µM, 100µM, and &gt;100µM (120- 200 µM). Two subgroup analyses on incubation time and cell type were performed to ascertain whether these factors affect mechanisms of quercetin. Results showed that the decrease in percentage cell viability is directly proportional to increasing concentration. The greatest decrease in cell viability was observed in 100 µM (Risk Ratio (RR) = 0.56; p&lt;0.00001), followed by 100 µM (RR= 0.74) and then 40-50 µM (RR=0.79). However, effects of quercetin may be determined by other factors such as incubation time or a particular cell type signaling cascade. Subgroup analysis revealed that significant differences between 24 and 48 hours were not observed. MCF7 cells showed to be most sensitive to actions of quercetin (p&lt; 0.0001). It was concluded that there is enough information surrounding the cytotoxic effects of quercetin to be progressed forward, however optimal doses that are physiologically relevant and safe in humans should be elucidated.

Evaluation of the effects of quercetin on the rewarding property of ethanol in mice

Background: The flavonoid quercetin has several pharmacological effects on the nervous system. Previous research showed that quercetin has useful influences on some mechanisms that are relevant in drug and substance addiction. Alcohol addiction, also known as alcoholism, is a disorder that influences the population in all walks of life. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether quercetin affects the acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement of ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (ethanol-CPP) in adolescent mice. Methods: CPP was established by administration of intraperitoneal (i.p.) ethanol (2.0 g/kg) in a conditioning trial. The mice were pretreated with quercetin (at doses of 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 minutes before each ethanol injection to test the effects of quercetin on the reward properties of ethanol. Ethanol-CPP was extinguished (13-days) by repeated testing, during which conditioned mice were given different doses of quercetin every day. Lastly, efficacy of quercetin in preventing reinstatement of ethanol-CPP triggers was also assessed by the administration of single dose ethanol (0.4 g/kg, i.p.). Results: Quercetin pretreatment attenuated the acquisition and reinstatement. In addition, quercetin administration accelerated the extinction of ethanol-CPP. Conclusions: In conclusion, these results may cast a novel light on quercetin as an agent that could be potentially useful to attenuate different effects of ethanol and as adjuvant pharmacotherapy for ethanol addiction. However, future studies are needed to demonstrate the detailed underlying mechanisms of quercetin on ethanol addiction.

Эффективность применения кверцетина у пациентов с ишемическим инсультом и коморбидной патологией

Актуальность. На сегодняшний день существует необходимость внедрения эффективного и безопасного патогенетического лечения мозгового инсульта, направленного на защиту нейронов от ишемического повреждения. Коморбидная патология у пациентов с ишемическим инсультом может оказывать существенное воздействие на течение заболевания и влиять на эффективность восстановления нарушенных функций. Целью исследования было изучение влияния кверцетина на функциональный исход острого периода ишемического инсульта, возникшего у больных на фоне соматической патологии. Материалы и методы. Представлены результаты анализа 639 случаев острого мозгового ишемического инсульта в зависимости от применявшейся схемы лечения и уровня коморбидности. Результаты. Исследуемые группы пациентов были сопоставимы по показателям исходного неврологического дефицита. 98 % из них имели коморбидную патологию с диапазоном значений от 1 до 8 баллов по шкале Чарльсона (среднее значение 3,75 ± ± 1,40 балла). Пациенты с высоким уровнем коморбидности продемонстрировали худшие показатели функционального восстановления в остром периоде ишемического инсульта по шкале инвалидизации (3,3 ± 1,6 балла) по сравнению с пациентами с низким уровнем коморбидности (2,2 ± 1,4 балла) (p &lt; 0,01, U). Изучение эффективности разных схем лечения на фоне коморбидной патологии показало достоверную эффективность назначения кверцетина у пациентов с высокой коморбидностью. Среди пациентов с низкой коморбидностью не было отмечено статистически значимых различий по показателю инвалидизации и выживаемости больных в остром периоде ишемического инсульта. Выводы. У 98 % больных с ишемическим инсультом выявляется коморбидная патология, которая негативно влияет на показатели выживания и функционального восстановления у больных в остром периоде ишемического инсульта. Худшие показатели функционального восстановления продемонстрировали пациенты с высоким уровнем коморбидности по индексу Чарльсона. Применение кверцетина в остром периоде ишемического инсульта продемонстрировало высокую эффективность у больных с высоким уровнем коморбидности, что подтвердило мультимодальный спектр его терапевтических эффектов. Индивидуальный подбор лечебных мероприятий у больных с ишемическим инсультом с учетом сопутствующей патологии повышает эффективность лечения.

Quercetin ameliorates ochratoxin A-Induced immunotoxicity in broiler chickens by modulation of PI3K/AKT pathway

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a fungal secondary metabolite produced by certain species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, and exerts immunosuppressive effect on humans and animals. Quercetin (QUE) is one of the flavonoids produced as a plant-secondary metabolite. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of QUE against the immunotoxic hazard of OTA in broiler chickens. Forty one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly and equally allocated into four groups; control, OTA (0.5 mg/kg feed), QUE (0.5 g/kg feed) and OTA + QUE (0.5 mg/kg OTA + 0.5 g/kg QUE). The results revealed that dietary OTA induced a significant decrease in the antibody response to Newcastle Disease (ND), Infectious Bronchitis (IB) and Avian Influenza (AI) vaccination and in the lymphoproliferative response to Phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P). Ochratoxin A also induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in the bursa of Fabricius, spleen and thymus tissues of chickens as demonstrated by decreased CAT and GSH levels and increased TBARS content. In addition, administration of OTA resulted in apoptosis, which was evident by the increased expression level of PTEN, Bax and Caspase-3 genes and decreased expression level of PI3K, AKT and Bcl-2 genes. Furthermore, exposure to OTA resulted in various pathological lesions in the bursa of Fabricius, spleen and thymus of chickens. On the other hand, administration of QUE ameliorated most of the immunotoxic effects of OTAby its immunomodulatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities. Taken together, the results suggested that QUE potentially alleviated the OTA-induced immunotoxicity in broiler chickens, probably through amelioration of oxidative stress and activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Efficacy of quercetin, oleanolic acid, icariin on apoptosis and mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathways in hippocampal neurons of Sprague-Dawley rats cultured with high glucose medium.

To investigate the effect of quercetin, oleanolic acid, icariin and their compatibility on the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats cultured with high glucose medium and the possible mechanism. The extracts were purchased from China Food and Drug Control Institute and Sellect. Hippocampus was obtained from newborn 24 h SD rats. After culturing the hippocampus in different medium for 72 h, flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, and Western blot was utilized to test the expressions of p-p38, p38, p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and JNK. Compared with the control group (CG), the neuronal apoptosis rate and the ratios of p-p38/p38 and p-JNK/JNK were significantly increased in the high glucose group (GG) (P < 0.01); Compared with the GG, the apoptosis rate and the ratios of p-p38/p38 and p-JNK/JNK were significantly decreased in other drug groups (P < 0.01); Compared with the monomer groups respectively, the apoptosis rate and the ratios of p-p38/p38 and p-JNK/JNK in the two-drug groups and the three-drug group all decreased (P < 0.01); Compared with the two-drug groups, the neuronal apoptosis rate and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK of the three-drug group decreased (P < 0.05). Under the condition of high glucose, the quercetin, oleanolic acid and icariin can alleviate the apoptosis of hippocampus neurons, reduce the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK in p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases and JNK signaling pathway. And the efficacy of the three drugs in combination with each other can be strengthened.

Distribution of Quercetin in Different Organs of Male Sprague Dawley Rats Under Hypoxia: A High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Approach

Background: Quercetin (3’,3’,4,5,7-pentahydroxyflavonol), a natural flavonoid found in fruits, vegetables, beverages, and other phytoproducts, exerts multiple health benefits including a reduction in hypoxia-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid peroxidation, allergic disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Objective: Despite knowledge of such therapeutic efficacy of quercetin to human health, there is limited literature available that sheds light on an organ-wise distribution of quercetin. Therefore, the current study was performed to accurately estimate the distribution of quercetin in its supplemented form in different tissues of a mammalian model, i.e., male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Method: The rats were exposed to different durations (1 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h) of hypoxia in a simulated hypobaric hypoxia chamber, with parameters maintained at 8 % O2 and 282 mm Hg, following which they were sacrificed. Plasma and different tissue samples were duly collected. A high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) approach was employed for the first time, using our own reported method, along with an optimized sample preparation procedure for quercetin determination. Briefly, the samples were developed in a mobile phase constituted of ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, methanol, formic acid, and glacial acetic acid. Results: Distinct bands of quercetin in resultant HPTLC profiles verified that the amount of quercetin varied among different tissues, with varying durations to hypoxia exposure. Quercetin was substantially retained in vital organs namely, lungs, liver, and heart for relatively longer durations. Conclusion: The present study established HPTLC as an efficient and high throughput tool, leading to a satisfactory evaluation of the amount of quercetin present in various tissue samples under hypoxia.

Efficacy of Quercetin against Polymicrobial Biofilm on Catheters

Efficacy of Quercetin against Polymicrobial Biofilm on Catheters