Efficacy Of Herbal Medicine Research Articles

Intestinal Microbiota-Associated Metabolites: Crucial Factors in the Effectiveness of Herbal Medicines and Diet Therapies.

Although the efficacy of herbal medicines (HMs) and traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in human diseases has long been recognized, their development has been hindered in part by a lack of a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms of action. Indeed, most of the compounds extracted from HMs can be metabolized into specific molecules by host microbiota and affect pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Moreover, HMs modulate the constitution of host intestinal microbiota to maintain a healthy gut ecology. Dietary interventions also show great efficacy in treating some refractory diseases, and the commensal microbiota potentially has significant implications for the high inter-individual differences observed in such responses. Herein, we mainly discuss the contribution of the intestinal microbiota to high inter-individual differences in response to HMs and TCMs, and especially the already known metabolites of the HMs produced by the intestinal microbiota. The contribution of commensal microbiota to the inter-individual differences in response to dietary therapy is also briefly discussed. This review highlights the significance of intestinal microbiota-associated metabolites to the efficiency of HMs and dietary interventions. Our review may help further identify the mechanisms leading to the inter-individual differences in the effectiveness of HM and dietary intervention from the perspective of their interactions with the intestinal microbiota.

The efficacy of herbal medicines on anxiety and depression in peri- and postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective The main objective in this systematic review was to analyse herbal medicine interventions for anxiety and depression to detect possible benefits of herbal medicines in peri- and postmenopausal women. Material and method The trials published since inception to August 2017 were searched on the databases of MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and Cochran central register of controlled trials Results Twenty-one trials were included into systematic review. The anxiety score (standardized mean difference = −1.19; p = 0.04; six trials) and depression (standardized mean difference = −0.952; p = 0.023; five trials) was lower in the phytoestrogen group compared to the placebo. However, the heterogeneity was notably high among trials that assessed anxiety outcome (p < 0.0001; I2 = 97.12%) and depression (p < 0.0001; I2 = 94.51%), and we were unable to reduce the heterogeneity to below 90% after one with one exclusion of the studies; 1000 mg of fenugreek extract on depression and anxiety, 600 mg of Trigonella foenum‐graecum de‐husked seed extract on psychosocial symptoms, 0.4 mg/ml Maca extract on anxiety, 500 mg of Hop plant on depression and anxiety, 80 mg or more than 80 mg of red clover-derived isoflavones on psychological symptoms had significant effect. Non-significant effect was observed in black cohosh on anxiety. However, significant effect of black cohosh was seen on psychological symptoms. Fennel had a positive effect in both patients with anxiety or depression and healthy women. Flaxseed group showed a non-significant effect on psychological symptoms. Conclusion The present systematic review found that some of the herbal medicines may have good effect in the relief of the anxiety and the depression.

Health care professionals' personal and professional views of herbal medicines in the United Kingdom.

Health care professionals (HCPs) have a pivotal role in optimizing patient care and should be familiar with complementary and alternative medicines. The aim of the study was to explore UK-based HCP personal and professional opinions and experiences of herbal medicines (HMs). An online questionnaire was distributed via social media to recruit (n=112) a range of HCPs from across the United Kingdom. HCPs from primary and secondary care, the private sector, and academia took part. A large proportion of participants (62%) said they did not personally use any HMs, and 38% did use HMs. HCPs who had personally used HMs had a positive impression of HMs and were more likely to recommend HMs to patients than those who had not used HMs themselves. Participants were given the opportunity to share their perceptions on the safety and efficacy of HMs and their experiences with patients reporting adverse drug reactions to HMs and herb-drug interactions. HCPs identified their lack of knowledge on HMs and insufficient training, which made them unable to advise patients on the safe use of HMs. More education on HMs would help improve HCP knowledge of HMs and help them make better informed decisions when considering patient pharmaceutical care plans.

Clinical and Basic Studies on Therapeutic Efficacy of Herbal Medicines against Mycobacterial Infections

The high incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in developing countries, the resurgence of TB in industrialized countries, and the worldwide increase in the prevalence of Mycobacterium avium complex infections are important global health concerns. However, the development of novel antimycobacterial drugs is currently making very slow progress. Therefore, it is considered that devising improved administration protocols for clinical treatment against intractable mycobacteriosis using existing chemotherapeutics is more practical than awaiting the development of new antimycobacterial drugs. The regulation of host immune responses using immunoadjunctive agents may increase the efficacy of antimicrobial treatment against mycobacteriosis. In particular, the mild and long-term up-regulation of host immune reactions against mycobacterial pathogens using herbal medicines may be beneficial for such immunoadjunctive therapy. This review focuses on the current status regarding basic and clinical studies on protocols using herbal medicines, including medicinal plants, useful for the clinical treatment of intractable mycobacterial infections.

Comparison and Effectiveness of Complementary and Alternative Medicine as against Conventional Medicine in the Treatment and Management of Type 2 Diabetes

Aim: The main objective of the study was to compare, using laboratory data, the efficacy of herbal medicines against conventional drugs in treating and managing diabetes mellitus (DM) among type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients.
 Methodology: The study recruited 80 patients from a private Herbal Clinic and the Georgetown Public Hospital Diabetic and Medical Outpatient Clinic after giving their consent and satisfying the inclusion criteria. Laboratory tests and analysis were done using conventional scientific methods and data analyzed using SPSS version 20 with a p-value of 0.05 being used to determine statistical significance. 
 Results: The results showed that age, religion, ethnicity, education, marital status and monthly income have significant associations with the use of herbs. Persons using herbal medicine alone had normal lipid profile, renal function and liver function test, in addition to hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cell count (WBC), glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c) and fasting blood glucose (FBS). The most common herbs used were Momordica charantia (local name- karela) and Azadirachta indica (local name- neem), which were used in combination or alone. Results showed a positive effect on coronary heart disease risk.
 Conclusion: The information generated from the study indicated that a significant number of diabetic patients using herbs alone for their treatment had normal results. However, a more controlled study is required to validate these results.

Medicinal plants and their isolated phytochemicals for the management of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy: therapeutic targets and clinical perspective.

Chemotherapy, as one of the main approaches of cancer treatment, is accompanied with several adverse effects, including chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Since current methods to control the condition are not completely effective, new treatment options should be introduced. Medicinal plants can be suitable candidates to be assessed regarding their effects in CIPN. Current paper reviews the available preclinical and clinical studies on the efficacy of herbal medicines in CIPN. Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane library were searched with the keywords "neuropathy" in the title/abstract and "plant", "extract", or "herb" in the whole text. Data were collected from inception until April 2018. Plants such as chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia (L.) D. Don), and sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.) as well as phytochemicals like matrine, curcumin, and thioctic acid have demonstrated beneficial effects in animal models of CIPN via prevention of axonal degeneration, decrease in total calcium level, improvement of endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms such as superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione, and regulation of neural cell apoptosis, nuclear factor-ĸB, cyclooxygenase-2, and nitric oxide signaling. Also, five clinical trials have evaluated the effect of herbal products in patients with CIPN. There are currently limited clinical evidence on medicinal plants for CIPN which shows the necessity of future mechanistic studies, as well as well-designed clinical trial for further confirmation of the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines in CIPN. Graphical abstract Schematic mechanisms of medicinal plants to prevent chemotherapy-induced neuropathy: NO: nitric oxide, TNF: tumor necrosis factor, PG: prostaglandin, NF-ĸB: nuclear factor kappa B, LPO: lipid peroxidation, ROS: reactive oxygen species, COX: cyclooxygenase, IL: interleukin, ERK: extracellular signal-related kinase, X: inhibition, ↓: induction.

Authentication of herbal drug Tukhm‐e‐balango (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) using microscopic, pharmacognostic, and phytochemical characterization

The study is aimed to provide a comprehensive account on authentication of herbal drug named as Tukhm-e-balango (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) from the seeds of Ocimum basilicum by using microscopic, pharmacognostic, and phytochemical characterization. The crude medicinal plants and their parts are often adulterated or substituted in market due to improper identification by the consumers while among herbal plant sellers, taxonomic confusion is caused due to morphological similarities of the plant parts and lack of a standard identification system.In microscopy, both herbarium and fresh specimens were studied using qualitative and quantitative morphological characteristics of leaves, seeds, and pollen. For pharmacognosy, solubility, fluorescence, and physicochemical characterizers were analyzed whereas a total phenolic and flavonoids contents was determined in addition to DPPH radical scavenging activity. In current study, microscopic, pharmacognostic, and phytochemical characterization clearly differentiated L. royleana from O. basilicum. The major problem in herbal drug industry is caused due to confusion and controversy of certain synonyms used for more than one or two drugs. Sometimes, under the same common or local name, entirely different taxa are being sold in herbal markets. It is concluded that correct and proper identification of medicinal plants is very crucial to ensure the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines, as many medicinal plants are intentionally or unintentionally adulterated with similar species or varieties. In herbal market, the seeds of L. royleana are adulterated with seeds of O. basilicum due to their similar morphology.

Efficacy of Herbal Medicine, TJ-14 (Hangeshashinto) for Acute Radiation Induced Enteritis: A Multi-Institutional Prospective Phase II Trial

Acute radiation-induced enteritis (ARE) is a major burden on patients receiving whole pelvic radiotherapy, but the standard treatment has not been established yet. TJ-14 (Hangeshashinto) is a herbal medicine traditionally used in East Asia. It consists of 12 kinds of herbs, and an anti-imframatory effect has been reported in a murine model. We hypothesized that this agent might be effective for ARE. In this multi-institutional phase II study (UMIN000022110), the efficacy of TJ-14 for ARE was investigated. Patients receiving radiotherapy for pelvic cancer were registered before start of irradiation. When ARE occurred during the radiation treatment period, TJ-14 (7.5 g/ day) was administered orally. ARE was defined as 1) watery bowel movement, 2) more frequent stools than baseline plus 2 per day, and 3) symptom duration of 2 or more days. ARE symptoms were evaluated weekly according to diarrhea grading scale during the pelvic radiotherapy. The primary endpoint was TJ-14 efficacy for ARE at 1 week. The secondary endpoints were: 1) the efficacy of TJ-14 at 2 and 3 weeks after administration, 2) quality of life score (FACT-G) at 1, 2, and 3 weeks after administration, and 3) adverse events during the treatment. Diarrhea grading scale worsening was defined as treatment failure and when the treatment failure was absent, TJ-14 was considered effective. Assuming that the proportion of TJ-14 effective cases was 45% compared to 20% of a control group, the target number of patients was 21. If the TJ-14 efficacy had been only seen in 8 or less, TJ-14 efficacy would have been rejected. Initially, 40 patients receiving pelvic radiotherapy were enrolled. Of these, 22 developed ARE and received TJ-14. Among these, 19 had cervical cancer and 9 received chemo-radiotherapy. In 17 of the 22 patients, efficacy of TJ-14 was shown (77%). The stool frequency per day at 1 week decreased significantly (4.9 ± 2.1 vs. 3.7 ± 1.9, p= 0.02). The effect continued at 2 weeks (2.2 ± 1.4, p= 0.004) and 3 weeks (2.1 ± 0.9, p= 0.05). Finally, 13 of the 22 patients (59%) continued TJ-14 until the radiotherapy finished. Before radiation treatment, the FACT-G score was 81.8 ± 15.1. The score aggravated at the time of ARE (72.5 ± 14.3, p= 0.009), while no further worsening was observed after TJ-14 administration. Regarding adverse events, 3 patients developed grade 2 or 3 leucopenia and 1 developed grade 2 anemia. However, these patients received chemotherapy for cervical cancer, so it might not have been a toxicity of TJ-14. Grade 1 hypokalemia was observed in 4 patients, and grade 1 constipation in 3. No Grade 2 or higher non-hematologic toxicity was observed. This study showed that as a specific medicine for ARE during pelvic radiotherapy, TJ-14 is promising enough to be examined in a phase III trial. A randomized controlled trial will start soon.

Quality standardization of herbal medicines of Spondias dulcis Parkinson using analytical and microbiological analysis

The quality control is vital for the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines. However, the quality of standardization is most difficult because the studies do not cover this step. The objective of this study was quality standardization of herbal drugs of Spondias dulcis Parkinson. The leaves were dried and ground to a powder. The plant drug was evaluated by parameters of mean particle size (417.85 μm), apparent density (0.37 ± 0.01 g mL−1), moisture content (7.96 ± 0.35%), loss on drying (7.33 ± 0.09%), pH (3.90 ± 0.01), total ash (12.66 ± 0.23%), acid insoluble ash (3.22 ± 0.20%) and aqueous extractives (24.00 ± 3.28%). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids and tannins. Microbiological analysis presented a total count within the recommended limits and the absence of pathogenic microorganisms. The infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermal analysis (TG/DTA) showed that physical and chemical processes occurred. The FTIR fingerprint has been characterized by characteristic peaks. The TG curves present six steps, and DTA curve presents three events. The results provide the scientific data for the proper identification and establishment of standards for future investigations and applications.

Determination of (E)-ferulic acid content in the root of Angelica acutiloba: a simple chemical evaluation method for crude drug quality control

The root of Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa is an important crude drug in Kampo medicines (traditional Japanese medicine). Chemical evaluation of crude drugs is crucial to ensuring the safety and efficacy of herbal medicine; however, there is currently no chemical standard for the A. acutiloba crude drug in Japanese pharmacopoeia. (E)-ferulic acid (FA) is an important active ingredient of Angelica spp., including A. sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, and has been suggested as a marker for quality evaluation of those crude drugs. However, it has been controversial whether FA is a reliable marker constituent of A. acutiloba. To achieve effective extraction of FA from A. acutiloba, we compared three different extraction methods: alkaline hydrolysis, ethanol extraction, and hexane extraction. FA levels in these extracts were assessed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and alkaline hydrolysis was found to be the most effective. Furthermore, in the hydrolysate, FA was distinctly identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. These results provide useful information for the quality control of the A. acutiloba crude drug.

Consumers Claim on Safety and Efficacy of Herbal Medicine : A Prospective Analysis

Consumers Claim on Safety and Efficacy of Herbal Medicine : A Prospective Analysis

Comparative Analysis of Saponins from Different Phytolaccaceae Species and Their Antiproliferative Activities.

The quality and the efficacy of herbal medicine are of great concern especially with the increase in their global use. Medicinal plants of different species or collected from different geographical regions have shown variations in both their contents and pharmacological activities due to the differences in the environmental conditions of the collected sites. In this study, roots of Phytolacca acinosa found in different provinces in south China (Sichuan and Shandong) and a species of Phytolacca americana were investigated. To ensure a maximum yield of the major compounds, the extraction method and conditions were optimized. The preeminent method of extraction in this analysis was determined to be the ultrasound-assisted method with specific conditions as follows: ethanol-H2O (1:1, v/v), with a solvent: sample ratio of 1:8, and extraction was performed 3 times, each for 30 min. Under these conditions, samples from the different regions varied both in quantity and quality via the LC-MS analysis. A total of 60 triterpenoid saponins were detected within the three samples, among which 22 were identified as common in the three samples. The amounts of these common triterpenoid saponin identified varied across the samples. Moreover, the analysis led to the detection of some novel compounds that have not yet been reported in this family, while other compounds differ in their fragmentation pathways compared to previous literature. To further divulge the correlations between the bioactivities in these three samples and the quantity and quality of their bioactive components, a cytotoxic analysis was thus carried out with two cancer cell lines, and SGC-7901 and Hep G2, which evidently showed remarkable differences in their anti-proliferative activities with respect to the IC50 value. Samples of P. acinosa from Sichuan showed higher values in both cell lines (27.20 ± 1.60 and 25.59 ± 1.63 µg/mL) compared to those of Shandong and P. americana. For the first time, analysis and comparison of both interspecies and of different species in this family were carried out. This study will significantly contribute to the quality insurance of herbal medicine, especially in the Phytolaccaceae family.

Evaluation of immunological efficacy of Japanese herbal medicine, hochu-ekki-to and keishi-bukuryo-gan, in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer under personalized peptide vaccination.

e16584 Background: This randomized phase II study investigated the immunological efficacy of herbal medicines (HMs) using Hochu-ekki-to and Keishi-bukuryo-gan, in combination with personalized peptide vaccination (PPV) for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Methods: Seventy patients with CRPC were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive PPV plus HMs, or PPV alone. PPV treatment used a maximum of four peptides chosen from 31 peptides derived from cancer antigens according to human leukocyte antigen types and antigen-specific humoral immune responses before PPV, for 8 subcutaneous weekly injections. Peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), immunoglobulin G (IgG), regulatory T cells (Treg), monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (Mo-MDSC) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) responses were measured before and 8th vaccination. Clinical outcomes were also analyzed. Results: The combination therapy of PPV with HMs was well tolerated without severe adverse events but had no significant impact on antigen-specific IgG and CTL, Treg and clinical outcomes. The combination therapy of PPV with HMs stabilized the frequency of M0-MDSCs (1.91% to 1.92%, p = 0.96) and serum levels of IL-6 (19.2 pg/ml to 16.1 pg/ml, p = 0.63). On the other hand, the frequency of Mo-MDSC and levels of IL-6 in the PPV alone were significantly increased (0.91% to 1.49% for Mo-MDSC and 9.2 pg/ml to 19.4 pg/ml for IL-6, respectively). Conclusions: These results suggested that the combination usage of HMs reveals a potential to prevent the immunosuppression induced by Mo-MDSC or IL-6 during the immunotherapy. More research is needed to validate the findings of the present study. Clinical trial information: 000010290.

Analisis Antalgin dalam Jamu Pegal Linu yang Dijual di Pasar Beringharjo Yogyakarta

Background: Traditional medicine is an ingredient or ingredients in the form of plant material, animal material, mineral materials, preparation essence (galenic), or mixtures of these materials that have historically been used for treatment, and can be applied according to the prevailing norms in society. Traditional medicine is often chosen as a remedy for health care is herbal, because herbal medicine is a health drink. Chemicals drugs were added by the makers of herbal medicine with the intent may be to increase the efficacy of herbal medicine and herbal medicine provide more instant effect, it is becoming a source of danger herbs. BPOM many find herbs aching pains who defiled chemical medicines like phenylbutazone, methampyrone, diclofenac sodium, piroxicam, paracetamol, prednisone, or dexamethasone. Chemicals a drug it is set in PERMENKES 007 of 2012.
 Methods: This research is to describe the whether or not of chemicals in the antalgin sold in the Beringharjo traditional market Yogyakarta. The method used to test the lab using thin layer chromatography. Research data presented in terms of percent.
 Results: Research is obtained value Rf sample 0.63 until 0.8 one sampel having the value Rf and fluorescence equal to standard methampyrone. Value Rf standard methampyrone 0,78 and red purple fluorescence.
 Conclusion: There are methampyrone in herbal medicine aching pains sold in the Beringharjo traditional market to a presentation positive results as many 8.3% and negative results 91.7%.

Irrigation and organic fertilization on the production of essential oil and flavonoid in chamomile

ABSTRACT The therapeutic efficacy of herbal medicines and pesticides has increased the need to define cultivation parameters for medicinal plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of essential oil and flavonoids of chamomile under irrigation levels and organic fertilizer doses. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Campus II of the University of Western São Paulo, in the city of Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block in triple factorial (6 x 2 x 3), corresponding to irrigation depths (150, 100, 75, 50, 25 and 0% of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo)), organic fertilizers (poultry manure and cattle manure) and the fertilizer doses (0, 3 and 5 kg m-2), with four replicates. The following variables were evaluated: capitulum dry matter, and content and yield of essential oil and flavonoids. For the tested conditions, it is recommended to use 5 kg m-2 poultry manure and water depth equivalent to 150% ETo for the production of essential oil and flavonoid.

Need of standardization of herbal medicines in Modern era

<p>The medicinal plants are important source for pharmaceutical manufacturing. Medicinal plants & herbal medicines account for a significant percentage of the pharmaceutical market. As the side effects of Synthetic medicine have started getting more apparent, majority of formulation are prepared from herbs. The herbal medicines however, suffer from lack of standardization parameters. The main limitation is the lack of standardization of raw materials, of processing methods and of the final products, dosage formulation, and the non existence of criteria for quality control. It is necessary to introduce measures on the regulation of herbal medicines to ensure quality, safety, efficacy of herbal medicines by using modern techniques, applying suitable standards & GMP.</p>

Authentication of Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra sphenanthera in Chinese patent medicines

Authentication of species is crucial for ensuring the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines. The fruits of Schisandra chinensis and S. sphenanthera have been used for the same traditional Chinese drug, Wuweizi, but are found to be quite different according to their constituents, pharmacological effects, and qualities. These two fruits have been recorded as Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus (Wuweizi) and Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus (Nan-wuweizi), respectively, by Chinese Pharmacopoeia, 2000 edition. However, Nan-wuweizi is often found to be taken as Wuweizi in some Chinese patent drugs intentionally or by mistake because of its lower price and similar characteristics to Wuweizi. In this study, the selection and validation of special chemical markers for the identification of Schisandra species were established by HPLC-DAD-MS profiling analysis. Simple TLC and HPLC methods were proposed for the accurate determination of Nan-wuweizi from Wuweizi in Chinese patent medicines, using schisandrin and anwulignan as the identifying markers for Wuweizi and Nan-wuweizi, respectively. Through the establishment of a statistical model, adulterated or misused ratios of Nan-wuweizi in Wuweizi (w/w), as well as in Fenghan Kesou pills, can be determined. The limit of detection of Nan-wuweizi in a mixture (w/w) using both TLC and HPLC methods is 5% (mixed crude drugs of 50mg and 5g in a 1000g prescribed amount). The constructed statistical model relating the HPLC peak area ratio (anwulignan/schisandrin) and adulteration ratio is suitable for mixed crude drugs and Fenghan Kesou pills, and the two fitting equations have a good correlation (r=0.9979). Furthermore, 36 commercial Chinese patent medicines containing Wuweizi or Nan-wuweizi according to their labels were checked by these methods, and Nan-wuweizi was detected in Renshen Wuweizi Granules and Fenghan Kesou Pills. The ratios of Nan-wuweizi in these mixtures (w/w) were 100:0 for both, which does not comply with the statutory prescription. This study provided a simple and reliable method to prevent the adulteration or misuse of Nan-wuweizi in crude drugs and patent medicines of Wuweizi.

The efficacy of herbal medicines against Toxoplasma gondii during the last 3 decades: a systematic review.

The objective of the current study was to systematically review papers discussing the efficacy of medicinal herbs against Toxoplasma gondii. Data were systematically collected from published papers about the efficacy of herbs used against T. gondii globally from 1988 to 2015, from PubMed, Google Scholar, ISI Web of Science, EBSCO, Science Direct, and Scopus. Forty-nine papers were included in the current systematic review reporting the evaluation of medicinal plants against T. gondii globally, both in vitro and in vivo. Sixty-one plants were evaluated. Most of the studies were carried out on Artemisia annua. The second highest number of studies were carried out on Glycyrrhiza glabra extracts. RH and ME49 were the predominant parasite strains used. Additionally, Swiss-Webster and BALB/c mice were the major animal models used. Alcoholic and aqueous extracts were used more than other types of extracts. Natural compounds mentioned here may be developed as novel and more effective therapeutic agents that improve the treatment of toxoplasmosis due to their lower side effects, higher availability, and better cultural acceptance compared with those of the chemical drugs that are currently being used.

Study of Aqueous Extracts of Asparaguson Sleep Meliorating Effect

 Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder that can profoundly impact a person's health.The pharmacological management of insomnia has lately become a challenge for researchers worldwide.Herbal medicine represents one of the great potentialson treatment of insomnia.However, the safety and efficacy of herbal medicine for the treatment of this disorder is currently uncertain.In the study, aqueous extractsofasparagus (AEA) was obtained, and its anti-insomniaeffect and safety wereinvestigated andevaluated. The results of this study suggested that AEA therapy might meliorate a variety of symptoms of insomnia, and no side effects were found. Therefore, AEAhas great potential and superiorityon insomnia therapy.

Transformational Dosage form Can Change the Scenario of Herbal Medicine in the World: A Research Based Scientific Approach

Traditional medicine has been empirically used for diUˆU´erent health ailments from primitive to till now. Ancient philosophers and scientist were conducted experiment to claim the safety and efficacy of herbal medicine and formulated diUˆU´erent hypothesis