Efficacy Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Research Articles

Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder: Case Study

Cognitive-behavioral therapy CBT for major depressive disorder MDD is one of the most impactful treatments in the world. The aim of this case study was to find out the impact of CBT for MDD. This study included a case suffering from major depressive disorder. The participant was a member of a household community in Iraq's Kurdistan Region. According to the aim of the study, the psychotherapist worked with one case of depressive disorder, according to the study's aim. There were a total of 27 therapy sessions for the cases. It appeared that cognitive-behavioral therapy is a beneficial therapy that leads to remission of depression symptoms in patients. This study delves into various treatment methods for depressed patients and provides a detailed analysis of CBT, connecting epidemiology to the psychotherapist's case.

Eficácia da Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental para adultos com TDAH: Uma Revisão Sistemática

Abstract: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) impacts individuals’ adaptive functioning from childhood through adulthood. The first-line treatment for adults with ADHD is pharmacological intervention, with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) also being recommended. However, CBT efficacy remains under-researched in this population. We conducted a systematic review of randomized clinical trials to investigate the effectiveness of CBT in improving the core ADHD symptoms in adults. Data were extracted following PRISMA guidelines, including studies published from January 2012 to August 2022. We performed scientometric and descriptive analyses, finding that CBT improved aspects related to the disorder’s core symptoms and individuals’ daily functioning. Future research is recommended to delve deeper into the efficacy of CBT, aiding in understanding the cognitive and behavioral processes influencing the expression of core symptoms of the disorder.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Depersonalisation Derealisation Disorder (CBT-f-DDD): Study protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial.

Depersonalisation-Derealisation Disorder (DDD) is a distressing mental health condition which causes individuals to have a sense of 'unreality' or detachment about themselves and/or the world around them. DDD is chronically under-researched, and as a result, under-diagnosed, with a population prevalence of about 1%. In systematic reviews, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) has been found to be the only intervention with significant clinical impact on alleviating the symptoms of DDD. However, previous studies have suffered from small sample sizes, reliance on expert clinicians to provide therapy and narrow population demographics. This feasibility randomised controlled trial aims to provide more robust evidence for the treatment efficacy of CBT in DDD. The study aims to recruit 40 participants from two NHS trusts, 20 per arm from two community Mental Health NHS services in London. The intervention group will receive 12-24 individual CBT sessions over a 6-month period from CBT therapists following specialist training for DDD. The control group will receive Treatment as Usual. We will assess the feasibility of a future RCT through measuring the acceptability of the intervention, and assessing our ability to recruit, retain and randomise participants. We will calculate the correlation of scores on the Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale, its baseline standard deviation, assess the magnitude/direction of change and characterise the uncertainty in the outcome scores and the probability that the results have been obtained by chance. The outputs of this trial will guide whether a definite RCT is feasible and acceptable, for both the clinician and participant. The ISRCTN registration number is ISRCTN97686121(https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN97686121).

The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy on the Psychosocial Well-Being of Patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS Associated Cancers in Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria

The study investigated the efficacy of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy on the Psychosocial Well-being of Patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS Associated Cancers in Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria. True experimental design was utilized (pretesting and post-testing for both experiment and control groups). Thirty Nine (39) diagnosed HIV/AID associated cancer patients in Jos University Teaching Hospital were purposively sampled and divided into treatment (n=20) and control groups (n=19). The Ryff’s psychosocial wellbeing scale (PWB), 42 items version, was administered to pretest and posttest for psychological wellbeing in both groups. T-test was then applied to test the six hypotheses developed in the study. For hypothesis one, the results of the analysis of the posttest autonomy mean scores of HIV/AIDs patients diagnosed with associated cancer between the experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, the posttest autonomy mean scores is 27.77, SD = 6.13 where the control group had a mean scores =24.75, SD = 5.60. The result also shows t(37) = 2.60, p< 0.05. The second hypothesis showed that the experimental group environmental mastery had a posttest mean scores of 29.88, SD = 6.22 while the control group has a posttest mean scores of =25.04, SD = 5.59. The results indicates that t(37) = 2.38, p < 0.05. The third hypothesis reveals that the experimental group had a posttest personal growth mean scores of 26.83 and SD =.64 while the control group has a posttest mean scores of 25.80 and SD=5.57. The results indicate that t(37) = 0.84, p < 0.05. Hypothesis four shows that the experimental group had a posttest Positive Relation mean scores of 26.55, SD = 6.54 while the control group had =23.19, SD = 5.11. The results also indicate that t(37) = 2.12, p< 0.05. Hypothesis five indicates that the experimental group had a posttest purpose in life mean scores of 26.38, SD, = 5.08 while the control group has 24.00, SD = 5.49. The results indicate that t(37) = 1.81, p< 0.05. Hypothesis six shows that the experimental group had a posttest self-acceptance mean scores of 30.22, standard deviation 5.23 while the control group had a posttest mean scores of 23.33, SD= 5.60. The results indicate that t(37) = 4.82, p< 0.05. Cognitive Behavioral Therapies has been shown to efficacious by several researchers as confirmed by this study especially for the unique population of HIV/AIDs associated cancer patients and it is therefore highly recommended that the treatment of HIV/AIDs associated cancer patients should incorporate the services of mental health practitioners with skills in CBT. Keywords: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Psychosocial Well-being, HIV/AIDS Associated Cancers

Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Combined with Pharmacotherapy Versus Pharmacotherapy Alone in Adult ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: ADHD diagnosis rates are rising; however, currently, no effective treatment method that has been identified. This study compared the efficacy of CBT + M with M for adult ADHD. Methods: PubMed, Embase, WOS, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to July 29, 2023. Literature screening and data analysis were conducted. Results: The six randomized controlled studies included. Meta-analysis showed that CBT + M was more effective than M in improving ADHD symptoms. Subgroup analysis showed developed countries significant in ADHD symptoms improvement. At the 3-month, CBT + M was superior to M, but at the 6 and 9 months, no statistically significant differences were observed. Conclusion: CBT + M is more effective than M in improving adult ADHD symptoms and maintains an advantage for at least 3 months. It is recommended to intensifying CBT treatment after 3 months. Country and economy may influence results. Combined therapy for ADHD should be prioritized in developed countries.

Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in the perinatal period: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41105-023-00502-z.

Effects of brief cognitive behavioral therapy on mental health in substance-related disorder: a randomized controlled trial

Background & objectivesPopulation and aging are major contributing factors influencing the increase in substance use disorder (SUD), which in itself affects mental health, particularly anxiety and depression. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and pharmacotherapy co-treatment are considered the gold standard for the treatment of SUD. Thus, the present study has been carried out to investigate the efficacy of brief CBT on the general health of opioid users.MethodsA randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted with forty opioid users whose addiction was dully confirmed by a psychiatrist at the drop-in center of the Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The patients were then randomly divided into two equal groups (n = 20). The control group was treated solely using methadone maintenance therapy (MMT); however, the intervention group underwent four sessions of CBT in addition to MMT. The general health questionnaire (GHQ) consisting of 28 items (Goldberg, 1979) was applied to both groups at the beginning and end of the study. The collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS ver. 26, and data analysis was carried out using chi-square, t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Poisson regression model. P < 0.05 was statistically significant for all the aforementioned tests.ResultsThe mean age for the control and intervention groups were 37.95 ± 7.64 and 43.85 ± 9.92, respectively (p = 0.042). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of gender and levels of education (p = 0.311 and p = 0.540). Both groups differed statistically regarding marital status and occupation (p = 0.025 and 0.002). There was no significant statistical difference in all subclasses and the total scores of GHQ-28 for both groups, except for anxiety and insomnia in the intervention group (p = 0.038). After applying a Likert scale with a 23-point cut-off score, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of psychosis after intervention in the intervention group (p = 0.077).ConclusionThe results of the current study show that brief CBT is effective on psychiatric health, especially anxiety and sleep disorders, whereas brief CBT fails to affect the patient’s depression, somatic symptoms, and social dysfunction.Trial registrationThe Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) approved the study design (IRCT registration number: IRCT20190929044917N1, registration date: 13/01/2020).

Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and depression in Parkinson[StQuote]s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and depression in Parkinson[StQuote]s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cognitive behavioral therapy for managing obesity in patients with chronic kidney disease: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Obesity is one of the main risk factors for progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Weight loss interventions have limited efficacy in patients with pre-dialysis CKD. Our objective is to test the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral therapy program for obesity management in patients with CKD. We will conduct a randomized controlled intervention trial to evaluate the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for obesity on weight loss, change in proteinuria, weight maintenance, quality of life, depression symptoms, and anxiety symptoms in patients with CKD. The duration of the intervention will be 16 weeks. The primary study outcomes will be body mass index (BMI) and proteinuria. CKD patients will be randomized into two groups: an intervention group with cognitive behavioral therapy, sessions with a dietitian and a kinesiologist, and a control group with sessions with a dietitian and a kinesiologist, without cognitive behavioral therapy. Study outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately after the 16-week intervention, 3 months after the end of the intervention, and 12 months after the end of the intervention. This study will be the first to evaluate the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for obesity in patients with CKD. We expect that our results will contribute to new ways of non-pharmacological treatment of CKD. Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.Gov, NCT05927337.

Effect of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy on Reducing Bullying Among Secondary School Students

This study is an attempt to determine the efficacy of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) on reducing bullying behaviour among secondary school students in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu State. The population of the study consisted of 653 bullies in all the senior secondary school two (SS11) in Nsukka Education Zone. A sample size of eighty-three (83) students identified as bullies using the Bullying Behavior Inventory (BBI) was used for the study. They were randomized into two equal groups for experimental and control groups. The experimental group was treated with cognitive behaviour therapy for six (6) weeks while the control group received no treatment. The study a quasi-experimental design. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. BBI had its content validity estimated by the total item cumulative variance of 75.25% while its construct validity estimated by factor loading matrixes ranged between 0.45 and 0.88. The reliability was established using cronbach alpha at r=0.80, p&lt;0.05 level of significance. Data collected were analyzed with mean, standard deviation. Results showed that cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) had significant efficacy on reducing bullying among secondary school students as determined by their pretest and posttest mean scores. Cognitive behavior therapy had significant efficacy of reducing bullying on the experimental group. Based on the findings, recommendations were made including that students with bullying behaviour should be encouraged to go for counseling sessions and counselors should be trained on the proper application of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and that the government and counseling Association of Nigeria (CASSON) should organize workshops and seminars to sensitize and train counselors on how to use Cognitive Behaviour Therapy to help students subdue their bullying behaviours.

Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for reducing pain susceptibility and increasing social engagement in patients with chronic low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy in improving social engagement and pain susceptibility in patients with chronic low back pain (≥6 months duration). From the initial to January 2023, 5 databases were searched for randomized controlled trials, literature screening, quality evaluation, and data extraction were performed by 2 independent researchers throughout, Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software, standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated for different indicators, and the combined experimental and control groups were calculated using random-effects models or fixed-effects models effect sizes, and forest plots were drawn to present the results. A total of 16 studies containing 2527 patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain, all of whom had pain lasting longer than 6 months, were included, and after treatment, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) was superior to other treatments in improving social participation [SMD = -0.30, 95%CI (-0.60, -0.01), Z = 2.02, P = .04]. There was no significant difference from other treatments in improving patient depression [SMD = -0.07, 95%CI (-0.19, 0.05), Z = 1.11, P = .27] and anxiety [SMD = -0.07, 95%CI (-0.30, 0.16), Z = 0.52, P = .57]. Three papers describe the superiority of CBT over other treatments in improving sleep quality, but the metrics could not be combined due to too little literature. CBT can improve patients' social participation and pain susceptibility to some extent, but it does not show advantages for managing negative emotions (depression, anxiety). Due to the limited number and low quality of included literature, the above findings still need to be validated by conducting a large sample of high-quality RCTs.

A meta-analytic test of the efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy for perfectionism: A replication and extension.

A meta-analytic test of the efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy for perfectionism: A replication and extension.

Supplemental Material for The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies for Depression in China in Comparison With the Rest of the World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Supplemental Material for The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies for Depression in China in Comparison With the Rest of the World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for pain management after cesarean section: A Non-Randomized clinical trial

Postoperative pain must be appropriately treated because poorly managed pain can cause discomfort and have an impact on one's respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and immune systems. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown efficacy in improving patient outcomes, including depression and pain-related impairment, in cases of acute pain. This study aims to compare the efficacy and effectiveness of CBT with drug therapy for pain management following cesarean section. This research was a quasi-experimental study using a non-randomized pretest and posttest with a control group design. Was conducted from July 4, 2017, to September 4, 2017, at Syech Yusuf Hospital in Gowa, Indonesia. The research sample consisted of 46 respondents (23 in the intervention group and 23 in the control group) using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis, findings in the intervention group showed that the average VAS at pretest was 8.00 ± 0.64 and the average VAS posttest was 5.00 ± 0.67, an increase of 3.00 ± 0.00 after the CBT intervention. The average VAS in the pretest control group was 8.00 ± 0.67, and the average VAS in the posttest was 7.65 ± 0.49, which also increased. The results showed that According to the trial's findings, CBT is both safe and efficient for minimizing pain and accelerating patient mobilization following cesarean section. After an elective cesarean section, CBT may be suggested to patients as a regular, adjunctive treatment for pain management.

EMDR Therapy in Specific Phobia of Vomiting (SPOV)

Specific phobia of vomiting (SPOV), commonly known as emetophobia, is a subtype of “Specific Phobia” (other type) in theDSM-5(American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Individuals with this condition have a persistent and disproportionate fear of vomiting that runs a chronic course limiting their social, occupational, and leisure-based functioning. There are several case reports of SPOV demonstrating positive therapeutic outcomes and a single randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrating the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) incorporating exposure work and imagery rescripting. However, a large internet survey also suggests that most SPOV individuals would not try exposure treatments. This article provides the readers with an overview of SPOV followed by the application of the standard eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol supplemented with the flash-forward technique as a treatment for SPOV using a single-case example. Client outcomes were monitored for 20 months with a self-rating tool, the SPOV inventory, and associated comorbidity assessed using a patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and generalized anxiety disorder rating scales.

A Comparative Study of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Weight Reduction and Activity Increase in Obese Individuals with Coronary Artery Disease

Obesity is a metabolic disorder and is often the cause of health problems such as cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this preliminary study was to compare the efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive behaviour therapy for pandemic-related anxiety and depression in adolescents: a pilot study of a novel intervention

ABSTRACT Objective Although studies have examined the efficacy of cognitive behaviour therapy for adolescents experiencing depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic, research has yet to evaluate a theory-informed intervention for pandemic-related psychopathology in this population. Methods A single-group pre-/post-test study design was used to examine a novel therapy for adolescents reporting pandemic-related psychopathology. To meet inclusion criteria, participants had to experience psychological symptoms attributable to, or exacerbated by, the COVID-19 pandemic, as determined by self-report and clinician judgement. A sample of 15 adolescents (M age 16.07, SD = 1.75, range 13–18; 86% female) commenced six sessions of psychological therapy. The primary outcome was pre- to post-change in psychiatric symptoms, with secondary outcomes including pandemic-related fears, behavioural withdrawal, and intolerance of uncertainty. Results Participants reported a significant decrease in psychiatric symptoms from pre- to post-treatment (Hedges’ g = .82) in an intention-to-treat analysis, with 60% of participants demonstrating reliable improvement by the end of treatment. Pandemic-related fears also decreased (Hedges’ g = .72), but other secondary outcomes remained unchanged at the end of the intervention. Conclusions This single-group study provides preliminary effect size estimates for pandemic-adapted cognitive behaviour therapy for adolescents. Further research is needed to rigorously evaluate the efficacy of pandemic-adapted CBT in this population, utilising larger sample sizes and controlled study designs.

The efficacy of dance teaching reform and CBT in treating recurrent depression among college students

BackgroundWith the increasing pressure of modern society, the incidence rate of depression among college students is gradually increasing, especially recurrent depression. Currently, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is one of the mainstream treatment methods for depression. At the same time, dance, as a comprehensive physical and mental exercise, has also demonstrated its potential therapeutic value in the field of mental health. This study explores the therapeutic effects of combining dance teaching reform in universities with cognitive behavioral therapy.Subjects and MethodsThe experiment selected 100 confirmed recurrent depression college students from a certain university and randomly divided them into two groups. A control group of 50 individuals only received standard cognitive behavioral therapy; The experimental group of 50 participants participated in a 12-week dance course while undergoing CBT. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated through the Self Rating Depression Scale and Beck Depression Questionnaire.ResultsAfter the study, both groups showed significant improvement in depressive symptoms. The experimental group showed greater improvement in emotional regulation, self-efficacy, and social skills than the control group. In addition, the recurrence rate of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group.ConclusionsDance, as an activity of integrating body and mind, can effectively enhance the therapeutic effect of cognitive behavioral therapy. For the special group of college students, combining dance teaching reform in universities with cognitive behavioral therapy may be an effective strategy, which can improve treatment effectiveness and reduce the recurrence rate.AcknowledgementA Strategic Study on the Protection and Inheritance of the “Evil Dragon Dance” in Zhijiang, Huaihua, Hunan Province from the Perspective of Intangible Cultural Heritage. (No. 22A0652).

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Patients With Schizophrenia Without Prior Psychotic Symptom Aggravation: A Prospective Single-Arm Trial

Objective: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) in patients with schizophrenia without prior psychotic symptom aggravation.Methods: This prospective single-arm trial included 31 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and insomnia who received CBT-I. We provided four weekly 60-min sessions of group or individual CBT-I. All patients completed several sleep-related scale assessments before and 2, 3, and 4 weeks after treatment: the Korean version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-K), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Korean version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (K-ESS), Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale-16 (DBAS-16), and sleep diary. The primary outcome was insomnia symptom changes over the treatment period, as indicated by the PSQI-K, ISI, sleep onset latency, and total sleep time from the sleep diary. The secondary outcome was improvement in maladaptive cognition associated with sleep, as indicated by the DBAS-16.Results: The total PSQI-K and ISI at each timepoint showed significant improvements over the CBT-I program period. The total K-ESS and DBAS-16 scores showed significant improvement over the treatment period. Sleep onset latency was significantly shortened; however, no significant changes were noted in the total sleep time and some PSQI-K subscales (sleep duration, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction).Conclusion: Our findings suggest the efficacy of CBT-I in improving insomnia symptoms, dysfunctional beliefs, and attitudes toward sleep in patients with schizophrenia with relatively stable psychotic symptoms. Therefore, further large randomized controlled trials are warranted to provide precise estimates of the effects of CBT-I in this patient population.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for Depersonalization Derealization Disorder (DDD): a self-controlled cross-over study of waiting list vs. active treatment

ABSTRACT Depersonalisation-Derealisation Disorder (DDD) has a prevalence of around 1% but is under-recognised and often does not respond to medical intervention. We report on a clinical audit of 36 participants with a diagnosis of chronic DDD who were sequentially recruited from a specialist DDD National Health Service clinic in London, United Kingdom, and who completed Cognitive Behavioural Therapy specifically adapted for DDD. The sample population had a mean age of 38.7 years (s.d. = 13.4), 61% were male and 69% were of White ethnicity. Three outcomes were assessed (Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale [CDS], Beck Depression Inventory [BDI], and the Beck Anxiety Inventory [BAI]) at three time points in a naturalistic, self-controlled, cross-over design. Hierarchical longitudinal analyses for outcome response clustered by patient were performed using scores from baseline, beginning, and end of therapy. All scores showed improvement during the treatment period, with medium effect sizes. CBT may be an effective treatment for DDD. However, treatment was not randomly assigned, and the sample was small. More research is needed, including the use of randomisation to assess the efficacy of CBT for DDD.