Effect Of Sweet Potato Research Articles

The effects of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) extract and stevia extract on the physicochemical characteristics of effervescent granules

This study aims to determine the effects of the ratio of sweet potato extract and stevia on the physicochemical characteristics of effervescent granules. This study uses the Factorial Randomized Group Design with three repetitions. The treatment design carried out in this study consists of one factor, namely, the comparison of sweet potato extract consisting of six levels, namely, (37.5:7.5), (35:9), (32.5:11.5), (30:14), (27.5:16.5), and (25:19). Responses in this study include chemical responses, namely, water content, pH value test, total sugar content, and anthocyanin content. Physical responses include dissolving time, hygroscopicity, color intensity, and scanning electron microscope. The comparison of sweet potato extract with stevia results showed an effect on effervescent granule characteristics, namely, total sugar content, dissolving time test, hygroscopicity level, and color intensity. This includes a moisture content of 2.56%, pH value of 3.45, total sugar content of 1.61%, and anthocyanin content of 21.19 mg/g. The best physical response results are dissolving time of 39.96 s, hygroscopicity level of 0.33%, and color intensity L* 49.46, color a* 16.55, and color b* -4.21.

Effect of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas lam.) Peel meal as replacement for maize on growth performance and cost of feeding weaner rabbits

The experiment was carried out to determine the effect of replacement of maize with sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas lam.) on growth performance and cost of feeding weaner rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). A total number of thirty-six (36) weaned rabbit of mixed sexes were used for the experiment. The rabbits were allotted randomly into four dietary treatments and replicated thrice with three rabbits per replicate and were designated: control (T): normal 1 compounded diet without sweet potato peel meal, T had the compounded feed which 5% 2 sweet potato peel meal, T had compounded diet with 10% sweet potato peel meal and 3 treatment four (T) had the compounded diet with 15% sweet potato peel meal. The 4 experiment lasted eight weeks and data were obtained on growth performance and cost benefit. The parameters considered on growth performance include initial weight, final weight, total body weight gain, daily weight gain, weekly weight gain, daily feed intake, total feed intake and feed conversion ratio while that of cost benefit include cost of purchasing different experimental feed stuff. The results obtained on growth performance showed that there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the parameters monitored. Cost of feeding was also not significantly different (p>0.05). However, higher profit index (174. 64) was recorded in T1 and lower benefit cost ratio (166.68) was recorded in T4 for total cost of feed intake per rabbit. In conclusion, sweet potato peel meal can be uses as a good replacement for maize in rabbit production without any adverse effect on the performance of rabbit.

Effects of Sweet Potato Leaves, Roselle Calyces and Beetroot on Body Weight, Selected Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Broiler Chicken

The study was conducted to assess the effects of sweet potato leaves, roselle calyces and beetroot tubers on body weight, selected hematological and biochemical parameters in broiler chickens. Eighty four (84) broiler chickens aged four weeks were randomly assigned into six groups of 14 chickens each. The first group (G0) remained as untreated control while the other groups were the treated groups which received 25% of ground sweet potato leaves (G1), rosella calyces (G2), beetroot tubers (G3) and their mixtures (G4 and G5) for 28 days. Following inclusion of these different vegetables, blood samples were collected and analyzed for selected hematological and biochemical parameters on day 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Results showed that consumption of the three vegetables caused significant decreases (p < 0.05) in body weight, serum glucose and cholesterol. On the other hand, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume (PCV) and total white blood cell (WBC) counts were shown to increase significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. It is concluded that the hypoglycemic and hypocholesteremic effects in chickens following consumption of the three vegetables together with their positive effects on PCV and WBC counts are important qualities which can be utilized in the management of conditions such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis and coronary disease) in humans. Further studies in other animals are recommended.

Roots and Tubers Research and Development Activities in Countries of the Caribbean Community with a Focus on Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

The Caribbean Community (CARICOM) has prioritized roots and tuber crops as new pillars for enhancing food and nutrition security, agricultural and economic growth, reducing the high food import bill, generating employment, as well as reducing the incidence of non-communicable diseases. The cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) industry, though in its infancy, is recognized as having the potential for developing a wide range of value-added products, targeting existing and new markets. Over the past 15 years, the formation of a Regional Cassava Working Group, the establishment of the root crop tissue culture laboratory in St. Vincent and the Grenadines and the demonstration of new techniques in vegetative propagation and production, has led to increased productivity in CARICOM. The up-grade of farine production facilities and the selection of suitable varieties / accessions for making farine, has increased the production and consumption of the traditional cassava bread as well as the composite bread made from 40% grated cassava. The marketing of cassava value-added products, studies on cassava macro-economic impact analysis and cassava policy development are all efforts channeled towards the sustainability of the cassava industry (value chain). Studies of the effects of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) accessions, time of planting and zones on productivity, have led to more effective production planning and taro (Colocasia esculenta) or dasheen research has added three more genotypes to the narrow gene pool. These achievements have bolstered food and nutrition security in CARICOM.

고구마를 이용한 된장의 품질 특성

The effect of sweet potato on the quality of Doenjang was investigated during fermentation. Viable cells of yeast decreased gradually after 4 weeks of fermentation, but those of aerobic bacteria increased in the late stage. Amylase activity of Doenjang was higher in the late stage of fermentation, while neutral protease maintained high activity during fermentation. Hunter L and b values of Doenjang decreased gradually during fermentation, while a value was increased. The pH of Doenjang decreased gradually until 10 weeks of fermentation, and the titratable acidity was low in the sweet potato added groups. The acid value was low in the Shinyulmi sweet potato added Doenjang. Water activity and oxidation-reduction potential of Doenjang decreased during fermentation. Reducing sugar of Doenjang decreased in the middle stage of fermentation, and it was low in sweet potato added groups. The alcohol content of Doenjang decreased after 2 weeks of fermentation. Amino and ammonia-type nitrogen of Doenjang increased during fermentation and reached the maximum after 10 and 12 weeks of fermentation, respectively. After 12 weeks fermentation, 8% of Shinyulmi sweet potato added Doenjang was more favorable taste, flavor and overall acceptability (p<0.05) than the control or the Yeonwhangmi sweet potato added groups.

Effects of sweet potato (Ipomoea batas) cultivation on the community composition and diversity of weeds in arid fields

For developing ecological prevention and management techniques for invasive and dominant weed species, the screening and using of high value species with strong competitive ability (e.g., local food, native species and/or cash crops) have captured widely attention. To explore the effects of sweet potato (Ipomoea batas) cultivation on community composition and species diversity of weeds, the composition, density, importance value, species richness, diversity indices, and Pielou index were analyzed under five different cover scenarios (0%, 1–25%, 26–50%, 51–75, 76–100%). The study took place in arid cultivated fields in Jianshui County, Yunnan Province, China. A total of 25 weed species from 18 families were identified. Of these, four invasive species Ageratum conyzoides, Bidens pilosa, Eleusine indica, and Galinsoga parviflora and two native species, Digitaria sanguinalis and Portulaca oleracea had the highest population density and were most dominant. Population density and importance values of the six dominant weed species declined as sweet potato cover increased. A significant negative correlation was observed between importance values and sweet potato cover (P<0.05). Population density of two less dominant native species, Calystegia hederacea and Poa annua, increased significantly with increasing sweet potato cover. Similarly, the importance values for two additional native species Acalypha australis and Echinochloa crusgalli was positively correlated with sweet potato cover (R=0.964, R=0.891, P<0.05). Maximum values for species richness (23.5, 24.5), Simpson index (0.89, 0.85), Shannon-Wiener index (2.36, 2.35) and Pielou index (0.75, 0.73) corresponded to sweet potato cover ranges of 1–25% and 26–50% respectively. As sweet potato cover increased species richness and diversity values significantly declined. Overall, the results indicate that the cultivation of sweet po486 生 物 多 样 性 Biodiversity Science 第 22卷 tato alters the community composition and diversity of weeds limiting the occurrence of the dominant and invasive weed species. As a result, mid to low percent cover values should be considered an effective and ecologically-based weed management strategy to replace herbicide use in arid fields.

カンショと緑茶屑を活用した飼料給与が梅山豚の肥育成績および血液性状に及ぼす影響

本試験は国産の飼料資源を活用すべくカンショを主体として緑茶屑を添加した飼料を肥育豚に給与し，一般的な飼料を給与した肥育豚の発育，消化性，肉質および血液性状について比較検討した。供試豚の梅山豚去勢 12頭を，トウモロコシ 60%配合飼料（対照区），カンショ 60%配合飼料（試験区 I），カンショ 60%配合飼料に緑茶屑 6%を添加した配合飼料（試験区 II）として 4頭ずつ配分し，45～90 kg の肥育期間に試験飼料を給与した。消化試験は肥育前期，後期に各 1週間ずつ行い，試験終了時に採血を行った。と殺後に枝肉性状，肉質について調査した。飼料摂取量と日増体量は緑茶屑の添加により有意（P<0.05）に低い値を示し，飼育期間は約3週間延長した。粗タンパク質の消化率は緑茶屑とカンショの利用で有意（P<0.05）に低くなり，粗繊維の消化率は有意に高くなった。枝肉成績に有意差は認められず，ロース部の一般成分も有意差は認められなかった。背脂肪を除いた筋間脂肪を含むロース部の粗脂肪含量は対照区が 42.1±2.0%であったのに対して試験区 II は38.0±2.2%となり，有意差は認められなかったがやや低い値（P＝0.42）を示した。また，血液性状に有意差は認められなかった。肉及び背脂肪の色調において，試験区IIのロース a*値と背脂肪 L*値は他の 2区より有意（P<0.05）に高い値を示した。外層の脂肪酸組成ではC16:0で試験区 I が試験区 II に対して高まり，C18:2 は試験区 II，対照区，試験区 Iの順で高い値となり，それぞれ有意差（P<0.05）が認められた。緑茶屑添加により，C18:3は外層，内層共に有意（P<0.05）に高い値となった。以上の結果から，緑茶屑の添加で飼料摂取量が少なくなり成長に遅延が見られたが，脂肪蓄積が抑制された可能性が示唆された。

Behaviour of gelatinisation and viscosity in soy-sweet potato mixtures by single screw extrusion: A response surface analysis

Mixtures of soybean and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam) flour, containing 18% moisture on dry matter, were extruded in a single screw extruder. The feed supply consisted of different sweet potato/soybean ratios. The variable process conditions used were screw speed (rpm) and die diameter. Cold paste, hot end viscosity and degree of gelatinisation (starch damage) were determined. Quadratic response surfaces were fitted to these responses. At small die diameters an increase in both screw speed and percentage of sweet potato raised cold paste viscosity, whereas at large die diameters a reduction was found for hot end viscosity. A quadratic effect of sweet potato was found, with a minimum at ± 76%. At small die diameters an increase in the percentage of sweet potato raised the degree of gelatinisation, whereas an opposite effect was found at large die diameters.