Effects Of Supplemental Irrigation Research Articles

The Effect of Moisture and Sunlight on the Severity of Dogwood Anthracnose in Street Trees

The effect of supplemental irrigation and sunlight on the severity of dogwood anthracnose was evaluated on Cornus florida street trees in New Jersey during 1989 and 1990. Fewer leaf spot and twig blight symptoms were observed on trees that received supplemental irrigation in the summer during periods of drought. In addition, those trees placed in full or partial sun were less diseased than trees grown in the shade.

Effects of supplemental irrigation and soil fertilization on pearl millet under drought

Abstract Pearl millet was grown under rainfed (188 mm precipitation with an early and a terminal drought) or with one supplemental irrigation (63 mm during the early drought at 10 days after sowing) and with (80 kg N, 18 kg P, and 17 kg K ha‐1)or without application of fertilizers. Improvement of soil fertility increased the dry matter and grain yield, water use efficiency, mining of soil water, concentrations of some leaf metabolites (soluble protein, free amino acids, total chlorophyll, and starch), and the activity of nitrate reductase, despite larger declines of ? plant and relative turgidity as compared to unfertilized plants under both the rainfed and irrigated conditions. Fertilizer‐induced effects on soil water extraction, crop performance, and metabolism were higher under the irrigated as compared to the rainfed condition. Irrigation and soil fertilization showed an additive favorable effect, possibly because of their similarity of action on different plant processes, notwithstanding their differential effects on the plant water status.

Effect of supplementary irrigation during reproductive growth on winter and spring chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in a Mediterranean environment

SUMMARYInadequate soil moisture is one of the main constraints on the productivity of chickpea in the rainfed farming systems of the dry areas in West Asia and North Africa. The response to irrigation at flowering and pod filling of winter- and spring-sown kabuli chickpea was studied in 1983–86 at ICARDA's main research station at Tel Hadya in northern Syria. In 1983/84 when the cultivar ILC3279 was sown in winter, irrigation increased yield by 105% over a crop receiving 229 mm of precipitation. In 1984/85, ILC3279 was sown in winter and spring. Advancing the date of sowing to winter increased yield by 65% and irrigation increased seed yield by 73% in winter and 143% in spring sowings compared with crops grown receiving 373 mm rainfall.In 1985/86, six cultivars (ILC482, ILC3279, FLIP81–57W, FLIP81–293C, FLIP84–19C and FLIP84–80C) were compared, but differences in their response to irrigation were negligible. Advancing sowing from spring to winter increased seed yield by an average of 66%. Irrigation increased seed yield in winter and spring sowings by 56% and 72%, respectively, over those receiving 316 mm annual precipitation. Irrigation is, therefore, a way of increasing the productivity and yield stability of chickpea in northern Syria but the improvement in yield depends on the total rainfall and its distribution over the growing season.

Effect of Supplemental Irrigation on the Yield of Coastal Bermudagrass in the Southeastern United States1

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of supplemental irrigation on the yield of Coastal bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] when fertilized annually with 700 kg/ha of N plus adequate P and K, and usually cut at 24‐day intervals. Paired plots, one irrigated to keep soil moisture above 25 MPa, the other not irrigated and replicated six times, received 100 kg/ha of N in mid‐March and after the first six cuts in 1966, 1967, and 1968 when respective annual rainfall was 97, 81, and 82% of the 44‐yr average, and rainfall for the 210‐day test period was 92, 87, and 77% of the 44‐yr average. Irrigation significantly increased the yield on only two of the 23 cuts made during the 3‐yr test period and failed to increase the total yield in 1966, 1967, or 1968. Three‐year respective average annual yields were 13 750 and 13 860 kg/ha for the irrigated and nonirrigated treatments. Irrigation had no effect on protein content or the pelleting properties of the forage produced.

The Effect of Supplementary Irrigation on Rice Yield in Bangladesh

The Effect of Supplementary Irrigation on Rice Yield in Bangladesh

Effects of some cultural practices on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco at Kenana Research Station

SUMMARYSix experiments were carried out during 1973 and 1974 to study the effects of some cultural practices on tobacco. In Expts 1 and 2 effects of N, topping and suckering were studied. Leaf area was increased by N and topping in both experiments. Suckering significantly decreased, and slightly increased, the area in Expts 1 and 2, respectively. The number of leaves per plant was increased by topping and suckering in Expt 1, but decreased by both in Expt 2. N decreased the number of leaves in both experiments. Yield of cured leaf was increased by all three factors in Expt 1 and by suckering only in Expt 2, whereas both N and topping slightly decreased the yield in the latter experiment. Quality was significantly lowered by the higher rate of N, while generally improved by topping and suckering.In Expts 3 and 4, effects of plant density, N and stage of suckering were studied. The yield of cured leaf was increased by the higher plant density, by 9 and 15%, and decreased by the higher dose of N, by 15 and 7%, in Expts 3 and 4, respectively. Early suckering was beneficial in Expt 3 (16%), but harmful in Expt 4 (8%). Leaf quality was decreased by the higher rate of N, but improved by the higher plant density. Time of removal of suckers had no significant effect on yield or quality.In Expts 5 and 6 effects of supplementary irrigation at different stages of growth were studied. Both the number of leaves per plant and yield followed very similar trends. The best yield and quality were obtained when irrigation was not limiting during all three phases of growth. However, the last phase (C) was the most critical phase regarding irrigation in Expt 5, while the first two phases were the most critical ones in Expt 6, since withholding irrigation during phase C reduced yield by 44–50%, and only 6%, in the two experiments, respectively. Leaf quality seemed to be best when irrigation was applied throughout the growth period, particularly the first two phases of growth.

Effect of Supplemental Irrigation on Income and Net Worth: A Simulation Analysis

Effect of Supplemental Irrigation on Income and Net Worth: A Simulation Analysis

Cumulative effects of supplemental irrigation on fertilizer requirement, yield and dry matter content of early potatoes

Cumulative effects of supplemental irrigation on fertilizer requirement, yield and dry matter content of early potatoes

Effects of Supplemental Irrigation with Saline Water on Soil Composition and on Yields and Cation Content of Forage Crops

AbstractDilutions of synthetic sea water were used for supplemental irrigation on small plots containing alfalfa, Kentucky 31 Fescue, orchardgrass, and ladino clover. One treatment irrigated with nonsaline water and a nonirrigated control were also included. Significant increases in yield due to irrigation were obtained in only a few instances during the second through fourth year of study, but during the first year two of the four cuttings of all four crops responded to supplemental irrigation. Where several irrigations were applied, yields tended to decrease with increasing salinity, with ladino clover being the most sensitive of the four crops tested. Soil salinity increased to ECe values as high as 15.4 mmho. per cm. (electrical conductivity of the saturation extract) as a result of saline irrigation. The Ca, Mg, and K content of all four crops were relatively unaffected by soil salinity. The Na content of all plants tended to increase with increasing salinity, with the greatest accumulation occurring in the ladino clover. Exchangeable Ca decreased and Mg, Na, and K increased with increasing salt concentration of the water applied.