Effects Of Sugarcane Research Articles

Effects of Sugarcane and Soybean Intercropping on the Nitrogen-Fixing Bacterial Community in the Rhizosphere.

Intercropping between sugarcane and soybean is widely used to increase crop yield and promote the sustainable development of the sugarcane industry. However, our understanding of the soil microenvironment in intercropping systems, especially the effect of crop varieties on rhizosphere soil bacterial communities, remains poor. We selected two excellent sugarcane cultivars, Zhongzhe1 (ZZ1) and Zhongzhe9 (ZZ9), from Guangxi and the local soybean variety GUIZAO2 from Guangxi for field interplanting experiments. These two cultivars of sugarcane have good drought resistance. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected from the two intercropping systems to measure physicochemical properties and soil enzyme activities and to extract total soil DNA for high-throughput sequencing. We found that the diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial community was significantly different between the two intercropping systems. Compared with ZZ1, the ZZ9 intercropping system enriched the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, increasing the available nitrogen content by 18% compared with that with ZZ1. In addition, ZZ9 intercropping with soybean formed a more compact rhizosphere environment than ZZ1, thus providing favorable conditions for sugarcane growth. These results provide guidance for the sugarcane industry, especially for the management of sugarcane and soybean intercropping in Guangxi, China.

Assessment of the Possible Protective Effect of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) Peels Extract for Experimentally Induced Hepatotoxicity and Renal Disorders of Adult Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Liver and kidneys disorders are fundamental public health problems as they are critical to exogenous substances such as natural poisons and/or medications that eventually lead to various hepatic and renal disorders mostly due to interference with oxygen metabolism. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of the sugarcane peel extract on hepatic and renal complications linked to toxicity. Forty Sprague Dawley male rats (150-180g), equally divided into four equal groups. On 13th day of the experiment, the group I and II received distilled water and a single dose of paracetamol (3g/kg bwt), respectively. Group III pretreated with Saccharum officinarum peel extract (SOPE) at 200mg/rat for 13 days plus paracetamol (3g/kg bwt) on the 13th day before 1hr of treatment and group IV rats received pretreatment with Silymarin at 0.3g/kg bwt for successive 13 days plus paracetamol (3g/kg bwt) on the 13th day before 1hr of treatment. At the end of the trial, biochemical parameters besides liver and kidney histopathology were examined. Results revealed that the toxin group with a single overdose of paracetamol caused a critical increase in liver enzymes and kidney markers, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, lipid levels, an increase in C-reactive protein values, and caused decreases in serum levels of albumin, total protein, oxidative stress parameters (CAT, SOD, and GSH). On the other hand, co-administration of (SOPE) pretreatment showed an impact in minimizing and preventing all of these risks represented in avoiding liver and kidney damage resulting from some medication overdoses. In conclusion, the possible mechanism of protective activity of Saccharum officinarum peels extract is owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect.

Effects of Sugarcane Leaves on the Aerobic Composting of Biogas Residue

Effects of Sugarcane Leaves on the Aerobic Composting of Biogas Residue

Study on the effect of sugar canes and saccharin to the value of electrical impedance of apple cider manalagi (Malus sylvestris mill)

Saccharin additives addition as a substitute for natural sweeteners is done to reduce production costs. This paper will discuss the effect of sweetener on the electric impedance of apple cider. The electrical impedance spectroscopy method was applied to the sample using four electrodes. Electrical impedance measurements made by injecting 100 μA currents in samples within the chamber in the frequency up to 1 MHz. The results showed that the electrical impedance value of apple cider manalagi is 1721.166 Ω to 41.870 Ω. The effect of sugar cane s mass composition and saccharin mass added to apple cider can be observed well in low frequency up to 10 kHz. The electric impedance characteristic of the apple cider manalagi increases with the addition of sugar canes mass, whereas the electric impedance value of the apple juice manalagi decreases with the addition of saccharin mass.

Influence of Magnesium on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Growth Effects of Sugarcane at Seedling Stage

In this study, the effects of different concentrations of magnesium on photosynthetic characteristics and growth of sugarcane cultivars Roc22 and YT00-236 at seedling stage were investigated by combined cultivation of sand culture with nutrient solution. The results showed that under the stress of low magnesium, the synthesis and photosynthesis of chlorophyll are blocked with significantly decreased biomass accumulation, increased root-shoot ratio and slowed growth rate. Appropriate treatment of magnesium (0.1mmol/L) can promote sugarcane photosynthesis with maximal biomass, significantly decreased root-shoot ratio and increased growth rate. Excess With excessive treatment of magnesium (1mmol/L), the photosynthetic rate is lower than the value under low magnesium stress; Once the overall growth of sugarcane is inhibited, however, the growth is better than low magnesium stress. It is found that the photosynthesis and growth effects of ROC22 are stronger than that of YT00-236. It is preliminarily deduced that ROC22 is a sensitive variety of magnesium.

Productivity and physiological response of lactating Holstein cows to sugarcane supplementation and evaporative cooling under heat-stress

AbstractThe objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of sugarcane and maize silage mixturev.maize silage in diets of Holstein cows and investigate performance under two environmental conditions. The cows were placed in freestalls, with individuals and stalls assigned to one of four treatments according to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 20-day periods divided into 11 days of adaptation (wash-out period) and 9 days of collection. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design: total diets (maize silage (MS-based diet), the roughage mixture (RM-based diet, sugarcane : maize silage, 500 : 500 g/kg DM) plus concentrate); environmental conditions (with (W) and without (Wo) fan and nebulizers); and measurement times (09.40 and 14.00 h). The temperature and relative humidity was higher at 14.00 h and contributed to increased temperature-humidity index (76.6, Wv.75.9, Wo). Feed dry matter intake (DMI) was similar between diets (20.2 kg/day), but milk production and feed efficiency were lower with RM. Under W conditions, higher fat content and total solids of milk were observed with the RM-based diet, while crude protein and lactose were higher with MS. The Wo conditions increased body surface temperature (BS) in cows fed MS. The rectal temperature (RT) was higher with RM. The BS, RT and respiratory rate were higher at 14.00 h (34.9, 38.6 °C and 58.2 breaths/min) than at 09.40 h. The RM-based diet maintained DMI and milk composition, but not milk production. The use of the cooling system led to higher DMI and feed N efficiency use.

The Influence of Partial Substitution of Potassium by Sodium on the Growth Effect of Sugarcane

The effects of different potassium and sodium levels on the growth of Taisugar No. 22 (ROC22) were studied by potted nutrient solution-sand culture experiment in this paper. The results showed that under low potassium stress (0 mmol/L) supply, the proper application of sodium could significantly promote photosynthesis of sugarcane and dry matter accumulation, reduce root shoot ratio and promote shoot growth. When low potassium (0.2 mmol/L) was applied, the proper application of sodium could reduce the root shoot ratio of sugarcane. When high potassium (2 mmol/L) was applied, the proper application of sodium could significantly promote the growth of sugarcane root and increase root shoot ratio. In the case of low potassium or high potassium, the rational application of sodium can promote photosynthesis of sugarcane, while excessive sodium can inhibit photosynthesis. Thereby, sodium can be used as a substitute for partial potassium to promote the growth of sugarcane in the soil with low available potassium and water-soluble sodium.

The Effect of Sugarcane Bagassès Size on the Properties of Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis

The influence of milled bagasse particle size on their reducing sugar and lignin content during dilute acid hydrolysis followed by enzymolysis was investigated. The biomass crystal structures of hydrolyzed residues and enzymolyzed substrates were studied with X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The results showed that the conversion ratio of reducing sugar declined with decreasing milled bagasse particle size. The conversion ratio of reducing sugar after acid hydrolysis decreased from 31.3% to 28.9%. The smaller of the milled bagasse particle size was, the higher of the klason lignin content of hydrolyzed residuals was, which resulted in a decline in conversion ratio of reducing sugar during enzymolysis. In this study, the optimal size of milled bagasse particles was 10 to 20 meshes. The total reducing sugar conversion ratio was 61.5%, consisting of 31.3% in hydrolysis and 30.2% in enzymolysis. After hydrolysis, the specific surface area and pore size increased, and the fiber length was shortened. The inner microfiber bundles were exposed, which improved the accessibility of cellulase and the efficiency of enzymolysis.

Effects of sugarcane and polyanionic cellulose on rheological properties of drilling mud: An experimental approach

Invasion of fluids into porous media during drilling can lead to irreparable damage and reduced well productivity. Minimizing formation damage, enhancing well productivity and saving cost will thus depend on the introduction of less invasive fluid formulations.In this study four different mud formulations were prepared to investigate the effect of bagasse on rheological properties of the bentonite-based mud.These fluid properties were determined according to API standard. Statistical analyses showed that adding bagasse could successfully enhance the rheological behavior of the bentonite-based mud. Moreover, the formulation containing sugarcane increased viscosity up to almost two times. Gel strength and viscosity also increased overtime.

Influence of Selected Substrates on The Growth of Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio)

Present study was undertaken to assess the effect of sugarcane and paddy straw as an artificial substrate on the growth of Cyprinus carpio. These substrates have great potential for microbial colonization compared to other substrates. Experiments were conducted over a period of 60 days in 3 cement cisterns (2 X 5 X 1.2 m). All the three tanks were filled with 0.1 kg of quick lime, 3 kg of cow dung, sugarcane bagassae (T2) and paddy straw (T3). Control (T1) tank was containing quick lime and cow dung without substrates. Some water parameters were estimated during the study period. No significant variation was noticed in water quality between the treatments. Major groups of phytoplankton were observed during the gut content analysis. Percentage of phytoplankton ratio and growth of C. carpio in T2 and T3 tanks were significantly higher than the control. Overall survival and production of fishes were also more in these two treatments. Higher growth of C. carpio in bagassae tank may be due to its feeding on the microbial biofilm that developed on the decaying paddy straw. Percentage of phytoplankton was higher in T3 than T1 and T2 tanks, Phytoplankton is the main source of energy for fishes.

Effects of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) cultivation duration on some soil physical properties in Ramu Valley of Papua New Guinea

Repeated tillage operations for planting sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) and wheel traffic for cane harvesting and transport are known to affect the surface and sub-surface soil in Ramu sugarcane plantation of Papua New Guinea. This study examines the changes in the bulk density (SBD), penetration resistance (PR) and water infiltration (WI) parameters in cane rows and wheel tracks of a Tropofluents that have been exposed to varying durations (0, 6, 11, 16 and 22 years) of cane cultivation after being converted from grasslands. Sugarcane cultivation duration had a significant (p 10 cm depth). In response to 22 years of cane cultivation, bulk density increased by a small extent in the cane rows (2.5%), while in wheel tracks the increase was by 15%. There was a significant (p

Effects of sugarcane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i>) cultivation on soil quality in the semi-arid tropics of Sudan

This study was carried out to determine the effects of cultivation period of sugarcane on some quality parameters of a vertisols. Samples were collected from the 0-30 and 30-60 cm depths of fields (subjected to burning during harvest of cane) cultivated for 29, 25 and 10 years and also from an adjacent fallow area. The samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (ECe), saturation percentage (SP), bulk density (BD), organic carbon (OC), total N (TN), particle size distribution, dry aggregate stability (DAS), soil organic matter (SOM) associated with sand size fractions (POM) and mineral N (NH4 +-N and NO3 - -N) accumulation during decomposition of soil organic matter. Results showed that cultivation or cultivation period significantly decreased SP, OC, DAS, clay content and amount of soil organic matter size fractions, while cultivation period showed no significant effect on either amount, or content of C and N of these fractions. During early weeks of mineralization of SOM, mineral N was significantly lower due to cultivation as such or in fields subjected to extended periods of cultivation. It is quite evident that the quality of heavy clay soils (e.g. vertisols) would be recovered more easily if the crop residues during harvest of the cane are incorporated into the soil. This is possibly due to the greater physical protection (due to high clay content) of organic matter against break down, thereby, improving their chances of sequestration. It is also concluded that long-term cultivation enhanced removal of fine clay particles, which might results in the long-term creation of a hard pan. Keywords: Sugarcane, vertisols, soil quality, semi-arid tropics, Sudan

Effect of sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) wastes on the quality of Nworie river, Owerri, Nigeria

Analysis of S. officinarum (sugar cane) rinds–contaminated water sample and its effect on the quality of Nworie River (West-end) Owerri, Nigeria, was investigated. The results of the physicochemical and microbiological parameters were compared to those of two other samples: the free flowing point of the same river three hundred meters before the dumping point and treated tap water which serves as control. In almost all the physicochemical parameters analyzed, the S. officinarum rinds-contaminated water sample gave the highest value compared to the other samples, although some of the values were within WHO/FEPA accepted water standard. The total microbial loads are 4.5x105 cfu/ml for S. officinarum rinds-contaminated sample, 2.8x105 cfu/ml for sample upstream before the dumping point and 0.8 x 102 cfu/ml for treated tap water. The study shows that the indiscriminate discharge of sugar cane rinds by the Hausa sugar cane sellers into Nworie River at west end Owerri, could be a potential threat to the quality of the river if not properly and timely checked. Keywords: Saccharum officinarum rinds, water contamination, physicochemical, microbiological parameters.

Effects of sugar cane (Saccharum hybrid sp.) cropping on soil acidity and exchangeable base status in Mauritius

Continuous sugar cane cropping commonly leads to soil acidification. Such an effect can be attributed to N fertilization and to leaching and removal of exchangeable bases. A study was conducted on the five zonal soils of Mauritius to ascertain whether continuous sugar cane cropping was causing the soil pH and level of exchangeable bases to decline to such an extent that it would threaten the sustainability of the island’s sugar industry. Soil pH, K, Ca and Mg concentration were determined for samples that had either been under native vegetation or cropped with sugar cane. Cropping was beneficial to pH in the sub-humid Low Humic Latosol (L) and Latosolic Reddish Prairie (P) and humid Humic Latosol (H) soils, but detrimental in the super-humid Humic Ferruginous Latosol (F) soil. The increased pH in the first three soils was caused by the regular application of pH-enhancing amendments such as lime, coral sand, filter mud and poultry litter. In the F soil, the acidification of the topsoil was accompanied by a pH increase in the subsoil, indicating that bases had been leached down the profile by rainfall. Cropping was not detrimental to exchangeable base status, indicating that current applications of K, Ca and Mg-containing compounds to the sugar cane crop were also generally adequate to compensate for the removal and losses of these elements. Since sugar cane cropping does not lower soil pH or reduce levels of exchangeable bases, it can be concluded that current recommendations with respect to liming and exchangeable base application are adequate for the long-term sustainability of the sugar industry and should be adhered to.

Parâmetros nutricionais de novilhas de corte alimentadas com cana-de-açúcar tratada com óxido de cálcio e diferentes níveis de concentrado

Avaliaram-se o consumo, as digestibilidades total e ruminal, a eficiência de síntese microbiana, o balanço de nitrogênio (BN) e os parâmetros ruminais de novilhas de corte em confinamento alimentadas com dietas à base de cana-de-açúcar tratada ou não com óxido de cálcio (CaO - 1%) e diferentes níveis concentrado (NC), em confinamento. Utilizaram-se seis animais (170 kg PC) distribuídos em quadrado latino 6 × 6 incompleto, em esquema fatorial 2 × 3 (cana-de-açúcar in natura tratada ou não com 1,0% CaO e três NC - 0,0; 0,5 e 1,0% PC). Não houve interação volumoso × CL para o consumo e a digestibilidade total dos nutrientes. Com exceção dos consumos de MS e FDN (em % PC) e das digestibilidades totais de EE e FDN, a cana-de-açúcar tratada com CaO prejudicou o consumo e a digestibilidade dos demais nutrientes. O consumo de FDN não foi influenciado pelo NC, mas o consumo dos demais nutrientes apresentou comportamento linear positivo de acordo com o NC. A digestibilidade total dos nutrientes aumentou linearmente com o NC. As digestibilidades ruminais dos nutrientes não foram afetadas pelo consumo de cana-de-açúcar tratada com CaO. O aumento do NC teve efeito linear positivo sobre as digestibilidades ruminais de MS, MO, PB, FDN. Não houve efeito do tratamento da cana-de-açúcar com CaO sobre o nitrogênio microbiano e a MS microbiana, que aumentaram de acordo com o NC da dieta. As menores retenções de nitrogênio foram observadas nos animais alimentados com cana-de-açúcar tratada com CaO. A cana-de-açúcar tratada com 1% CaO, fornecida após 24 horas de armazenamento, prejudica o consumo da maioria dos nutrientes. O balanço de nitrogênio e o nível de concentrado até 1,0% PC melhoram a ingestão de MS, a digestibilidade da maioria dos nutrientes e o balanço de nutrientes.

Antixenotic effect of sugarcane leaves on feeding and oviposition bypyrilla perpusilla walker

The antixenotic effects of foliar morphological and chemical characteristics, such as spine density, leaf colour, leaf width, hydroxamic acid (Hx) levels, and previous feeding damage, on feeding and oviposition of the sucking pest of sugarcanePyrilla perpusilla Walker were studied. Feeding preference was affected by the leaf colour ( c2 = 10.2; P< 0.05) and Hx levels (c2 = 21.668; P< 0.05); whereas oviposition preference was determined by leaf spine density (c2 = 8.959; P<0.05) and Hx levels (c2 = 12.584; P<0.05). Previously infested leaves showed a resistance to feeding after five days of continuous infestation withP. perpusilla (c2 = 7.225; P< 0.05). The antibiotic characteristic of a particular cultivar was found to be independent from its antixenotic effects.