Effect Of Solvent Concentration Research Articles

The Effect of Solvent Concentration Against Specific and Non Specific Parameters of Standardization: Ethanolic Extract of Papaya Seed (Carica papaya Linn.)

Papaya plants (Carica papaya L.) can be used as traditional medicine. The parts of the plant commonly used as medicine are the seeds and leaves. Assurance of the quality of the extract obtained needs to be carried out by testing specific and non-specific parameters. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the percentage of ethanol solvent concentration on specific parameters (organoleptic, phytochemical screening, and total phenolic content) and non-specific parameters (moisture content, ash content, and specific gravity) of papaya seed extract (Carica papaya L.). This type of laboratory experimental qualitative research was done to determine the effect of the percentage of ethanol solvent concentration (70% and 95%) on specific and non-specific parameters. Specific and non-specific parameter testing is based on work procedures listed in the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia. The results of testing the specific parameters on organoleptics showed no difference in the extract obtained, which was viscous and dark brown in color with a characteristic odor. Based on qualitative phytochemical screening, 70% ethanol extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. However, the 95% ethanol extract was only positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins. The phenolic content test of 70% ethanol and 95% ethanol extracts was 4.31 ± 0.65 mg GAE/g and 2.69 ± 0.41 mg GAE/g, respectively (Sig 0.022 < 0.05). Extract non-specific parameter test results. The ash content test for 70% and 95% ethanol extracts was 9.5% ± 0.21% w/w and 8.5% ± 0.06% w/w (Sig 0.043 < 0.05). The respective water contents were 8.7 ± 0.11% w/w and 9.7 ± 0.26% w/w (Sig 0.046 < 0.05). The specific gravity of each obtained was 0.88 ± 0.006 % g/ml and 0.75 ± 0.006% g/ml (Sig 0.043 < 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that the concentrations of 70% ethanol and 95% ethanol in papaya seed ethanol extract have an effect on specific parameters, namely the measurement of total phenolic content. While the non-specific parameters affect the water content, total ash content, and specific gravity.

Characterization of the addition of crude extract of yellow pumpkin (Cucurbita maschata) as a natural coloring agent in seaweed wet noodles

The use of pumpkin as a food ingredient can also support government programs to diversify food consumption that is diverse, nutritious, and balanced. Besides containing carbohydrates, pumpkin is also rich in vitamins, especially vitamins A and C which are antioxidants. Carotenoids in pumpkin such as beta-carotene of 1187.23 g/g. It can replace of dye methanil yellow in making seaweed wet noodles. This research was conducted to determine the effect of solvent concentration and extraction time using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method using ethanol with solvent concentrations of 75%, 85%, and 95%. The duration of extraction used was 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 90 minutes. The parameters observed were moisture content, the color of pumpkin extract, the yield of pumpkin extract, and the density of pumpkin extract. This research was conducted 3 times for replication. The study’s findings indicated that the relationship between solvent concentration and extraction time both a single factor of solvent concentration and extraction time also had a significant effect on the color of pumpkin extract, yield, and density of pumpkin extract. The extraction using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method resulted in a color of 65.56 (b*), a yield of 63.58%, and a density of 48.41g/cm3.

Optimization of carbon dioxide absorption in a continuous bubble column reactor using response surface methodology

AbstractCarbon dioxide absorption using amine based solvents is a well‐known approach for carbon dioxide removal. Especially with the increasing concerns about greenhouse gas emissions, there is a need for an optimization approach capable of multifactor calibration and prediction of interactions. Since conventional methods based on empirical relations are not efficiently applicable, this study investigates use of Response Surface Methodology as a strong optimization tool. A bubble column reactor was used and the effect of solvent concentration (10.0, 20.0 and 30.0 vol%), flow rate (4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 L min−1), diffuser pore size (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mm) and temperature (20.0, 25.0 and 30.0°C) on the absorption capacity and also overall mass transfer coefficient was evaluated. The optimization results for maintaining maximum capacity and overall mass transfer coefficient revealed that different optimization targets led to different tuned operational factors. Overall mass transfer coefficient decreased to 34.7 min−1 when the maximum capacity was the desired target. High reaction rate along with the highest absorption capacity was set as desirable two factor target in this application. As a result, a third scenario was designed to maximize both mass transfer coefficient and absorption capacity simultaneously. The optimized condition was achieved when a gas flow rate of 5.9 L min−1, MEA solution of 29.6 vol%, diffuser pore size of 0.5 mm and temperature of 20.6°C was adjusted. At this condition, mass transfer coefficient reached a maximum of 38.4 min−1, with a forecasted achievable absorption capacity of 120.5 g CO2 per kg MEA.

Extraction and Characterization of Fiber and Cellulose from Ethiopian Linseed Straw: Determination of Retting Period and Optimization of Multi-Step Alkaline Peroxide Process

Flax is a commercial crop grown in many parts of the world both for its seeds and for its fibers. The seed-based flax variety (linseed) is considered less for its fiber after the seed is extracted. In this study, linseed straw was utilized and processed to extract fiber and cellulose through optimization of retting time and a multi-step alkaline peroxide extraction process using the Taguchi design of experiment (DOE). Effects of retting duration on fiber properties as well as effects of solvent concentration, reaction temperature, and time on removal of non-cellulosic fiber components were studied using the gravimetric technique, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermal studies. Based on these findings, retting for 216 h at room temperature should offer adequate retting efficiency and fiber characteristics; 70% cellulose yield was extracted successfully from linseed straw fiber using 75% ethanol-toluene at 98 °C for 4 h, 6% NaOH at 75 °C for 30 min, and 6% H2O2 at 90 °C for 120 min.

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) of sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.): Effect of solvent concentration and kinetic studies

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) of sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.): Effect of solvent concentration and kinetic studies

Preparation of pretreated sugarcane bagasse and chitosan bio-composite for the adsorption of phosphate from aqueous media

In this work, we report on the biosorbent bio-composite consisting of pretreated sugarcane bagasse, chitosan, and epichlorohydrin, which was prepared using the blending method for the adsorption of phosphate from aqueous media. The effect of solvent concentration was investigated, and it was observed that the high solvent concentration significantly enhanced the extraction of cellulose. Moreover, pretreatment enhances the compatibility between the extracted cellulose and chitosan. Furthermore, the addition of epichlorohydrin significantly enhanced the adsorption capacity as well as the stability of the synthesized biosorbent bio-composite. Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the prepared bio-composite. Batch studies were conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the bio-composite. The mechanism of adsorption between the biosorbent bio-composite and phosphate was through chemisorption as the data best fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The isotherm study showed that the data best fitted to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model, and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model showed that the maximum adsorption capacity was 15.26 mg/g. The biosorbent was found to be pH dependent, selective, and recyclable.

Pore structure design and optimization of electrospun PMIA nanofiber membrane

BackgroundPoly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) has been widely used in many applications due to its excellent thermal stability, flame resistance and mechanical properties. MethodsIn this study, PMIA nanofiber membranes were fabricated by electrospinning method, and then, the solvent welding was used to optimize the pore structure and mechanical strength. Effects of solvent concentration (volume fraction of solvent) and welding temperature on the PMIA nanofiber membranes’ morphology, pore structure and mechanical properties were investigated, respectively. Significant findingsThe mechanical strength and pore size was simply controlled by solvent welding and heat pressing. And the process of solvent welding and heat pressing was classifiable regulation. In addition, the separation accuracy of nanofiber membrane was controllable in the range of ultrafiltration. The mechanical strength of PMIA nanofiber membrane raised from 5.5 MPa to 99.0 MPa, while the mean pore size decreased from 459.1 nm to 33.6 nm after post-treatment. The Congo red rejection rate of PMIA nanofiber membrane after heat pressing increased from 4.9% to 94.7%, which showed excellent ultrafiltration performance.

Real Electrolyte Solutions in the Functionalized Mean Spherical Approximation: A Density Functional Theory for Simple Electrolyte Solutions.

The equation of state based on the mean spherical approximation (MSA) can describe electrolyte solutions as a primitive model, where the ions are charged hard-sphere particles and the solvent is a continuum medium. In recent years, many propositions of the classical density functional theory (cDFT) for electrolyte solutions have been presented. One of these is the functionalized MSA (fMSA) which has proven to be a great functional approach of MSA to calculate the electric double layer structures. This work demonstrates how the fMSA theory can describe real electrolyte solutions (e.g., NaCl, KI, and LiBr) where hydration and solvent concentration effects are present. Experimental data of the mean activity coefficients of different simple salts were successfully reproduced. When the hydrated diameter and the electrolyte solution electric permittivity are used, the fMSA predicts a charge inversion on the electrostatic potential near a charged surface at high salt concentrations.

Perspectives on Microfluidics for the Study of Asphaltenes in Upstream Hydrocarbon Production: A Minireview

The utilization of microfluidics has generated deep insights into asphaltene precipitation mechanisms and oil–water emulsion stabilization. Agglomeration and precipitation of asphaltenes can cause flow assurance problems during the extraction and transportation of crude oil. Change in temperature, pressure, reservoir conditions, and solvents can change the local environment, leading to asphaltene precipitation. Understanding asphaltene properties and precipitation pathways becomes critical in devising mitigation methods, demulsifiers, and suitable conditions during hydrocarbon processing. Microfluidics has helped in high throughput measurement studies, understanding critical processing conditions, fast demulsifier screening, and the effect of solvent concentration on deposition, generating useful information for utilization at the point of resource extraction facilitating improved resource management. It has become possible to capture the porous, complex nature of reservoir formations and the interaction of chemicals during precipitation through integrated analytics and visualization studies available only through microfluidics. The use of droplet microfluidics, with optical microscopy and high-speed imaging to study the oil–water interface, has resulted in greater understanding of the role of asphaltenes in interfacial properties and emulsion stabilization. This minireview highlights the crucial aspects of microfluidics that have been used to understand physicochemical behavior and dynamics of asphaltene deposition. Some of the unique devices have been presented focusing on the key elements of microfluidics design, fabrication, and analysis, as the insight obtained from microfluidics strongly depends on the device design and the controllability of the experimental parameters. Successful implementation of microfluidics for efficient and controlled experiments, short analysis time scales and rapid screening, and generation of high-quality, reliable data that convey asphaltene deposition issues and interface behavior in emulsions shows the importance of microsystems for advancing knowledge in hydrocarbon production and processing.

Recovery of phenolic compounds from spent coffee grounds through optimized extraction processes

The aim of the present study was to compare novel methods and technologies of phenolics extraction from spent coffee grounds, as “green” alternative techniques of the conventional ethanol extraction. Three extraction techniques, ultrasound- and microwave-assisted extraction, along with the use of β-cyclodextrin as a solvent have been studied and optimized as the eco-friendly solutions for the efficient extraction of phenolic compounds from Spent Coffee Grounds (SCG). The investigated factors were temperature (20–60 °C), solvent concentration (0–100% v/v water ethanol, EtOH), amplitude (20–60%), and liquid/solid ratio (5–60 mL/g) for ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). In the case of microwave extraction (MAE), the effects of solvent concentration (0–100% v/v), liquid/solid ratio (5–60 mL/g), and power (100–600 Watt) were studied. Ethanol (0–100% v/v) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD, 1–18.5 mg/mL) were also compared as solvents, under the same range of liquid/solid ratio (5–60 mL/g) and temperatures (20–60 °C). In addition, the effect of the drying method (oven drying and freeze-drying), as well as a defatting pretreatment of SCG, were studied under the optimum conditions of each extraction method. The optimum extraction yield (31.79 ± 0.25 mg GAE/g SCG) was achieved using MAE with a liquid/solid ratio of 60 mL/g, a power level 600 W, and a solvent concentration of 68% v/v EtOH. While the maximum yield (34.43 mg GAE/g SCG) was also obtained by the same method from the freeze-dried sample.

Optimisation of K2CO3-based natural gas sweetening process: A hybrid Pareto and Fuzzy optimisation approach

BackgroundNatural gas is considered clean technology as compared to other fossil fuel resources. However, there is always a concern related to the carbon dioxide (CO2) removal via the gas sweetening unit. The current research focuses on enhancing the CO2 removal and reducing operating cost using a hybrid multi-objective optimisation technique, which incorporates (i) Pareto Front optimisation and (ii) Fuzzy optimisation. MethodAspen Plus simulation is performed to simulate diethanolamine (DEA) promoted potassium carbonate (K2CO3)-based natural gas sweetening unit. A total of 1000 simulation samples are conducted to study the effect of solvent concentration, flowrate, and temperature on CO2 concentration in treated gas and operating cost. These solutions are fed into Pareto Front optimisation to determine sets of Pareto-optimal solutions. Thereafter, Fuzzy optimisation is performed to identify a single most optimal solution. Significant findingsThe result showed that optimal solution with CO2 molar concentration in treated gas of 0.00006676 and operating cost of $19,495.08 h−1 can be achieved at solvent concentration of 17.5 wt.%, flowrate of 42,500 kmol h−1, and temperature of 80 °C. The energy requirement per unit of CO2 removal for the final optimised solution was 19.31% less than that of the actual plant performance.

Environmentally friendly acetic acid/steam explosion/supercritical carbon dioxide system for the pre-treatment of wheat straw.

It is well established that pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass is required to achieve an effective enzymatic saccharification process. At the present time, most of the touted pre-treatment technologies would cause environmental pollution and unsustainable water use for the pretreated material prior to enzymatic saccharification. To address these shortcomings, the pretreatment technology which combines the supercritical CO2, SC-CO2 (a green solvent), acetic acid, and steam explosion was used to assess the pretreatment of wheat straw for enzymatic saccharification. The effects of solvent concentration, impregnation temperature and time, pre-treatment time, and temperature, as well as SC-CO2 pressure, contact time, and temperature, were evaluated. The results identified that at the optimum SC-CO2 pressure of 18 MPa, the highest amount of reducing sugars (RS) was produced from the cellulosic pulp using Acetic acid/Steam/SC-CO2 at 200 °C for 30 min, a value 20% more than the pulp produced with the Water/Steam/SC-CO2. The effectiveness of the pretreatment process was attributed not only to delignification and defibrillation but also to the exposure of the cellulose structure evidenced from the proportion of the β-glycosidic linkages as shown by FTIR. Passing SC-CO2 after the pretreatment reduces the amounts of fermentation inhibitors and eliminates the use of wash water.

Effect of solvent concentration in sago starch fractionation

The research studied the effect of solvent concentration in the fractionation process from sago starch in order to achieve the amylose fraction. The amylose is aimed to be applied as a functional material such as for edible film. The fractionation process is carried out by utilizing N-butanol as the solvent with a variety of concentration (10, 12.5 and 15%). The highest result is achieved from the concentration of butanol of 15%. It resulted in a yield of 31.19%, a 30.78% solubility, and swelling ability of 2.37%. The spectra from Fourier transform infrared showed the same specific peaks of the obtained amylose. However, each of them shows different intensity means the fractionation process affect the resulted amylose.

Low-temperature synthesis of micro- and nano-crystalline CuFeS2 polymorphs

Micro- and nano-crystalline polymorphs of CuFeS2 have been synthesized by using simple, low temperature solvothermal and precipitation methods. A solvothermal process at 170 °C, using ethylenediamine produced micro- and nano-crystalline CuFeS2 with various shapes and morphologies, which include polygons, pyramids, hexagonal rods and plates etc. In addition to the expected tetragonal, chalcopyrite phase, a new, relatively low symmetry, hexagonal, wurtzite phase of CuFeS2 was also obtained. The wurtzite phase fraction was found to be ~21 wt% by Rietveld analysis using X-ray powder diffraction data. Further, the effects of solvent concentration, reaction temperature and annealing on the crystallites have been studied. By the solvothermal process carried out at 140 °C, hexagonal, wurtzite phase CuFeS2 was obtained with a phase fraction as high as ~92 wt%. A relatively, simple and low-temperature precipitation process using (NH4)2S and distilled water produced micro- and nano-crystalline CuFeS2 with various shapes including rods, hexagonal plates, and spheres etc. The synthesis methods reported here are believed to be beneficial for the further development of CuFeS2 in the field of nanotechnology.

MAKING PAPER FROM MIXTURE OF OIL PALM FRONDS (OPF) AND OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES (OPEFB)

The oil palm industry produces solid waste such as oil palm fronds (OPF) and empty fruit bunches (OPEFB), but the utilization of the OPEFB waste is still limited to composting. Even the palm fronds are only left on the farm without being processed. While both types of waste contain a lot of cellulose and can be processed into more economic value. In addition to compost, the two types of waste can be used as pulp and paper. Hence, in this study, the two wastes are processed into the paper with a variety of concentrations of solvents and mixtures. The aim is to determine the effect of solvent concentration in the process of making paper pulp and the effect of the comparison of the mixture of paper pulp with the characteristics of the paper produced. Each material is processed into pulp by the soda process using sodium hydroxide as a solvent. While the solvent concentration used is 20%, 30%, and 40% for materials from OPEFB, while the material from OPF is only mixed with 20% sodium hydroxide solution. Then the pulp, OPEFB pulp with various variations of solvent, mixed pulp with the ratio of OPF pulp and OPEFB pulp of 1: 3; 1: 1; and 3: 1 processed into paper. The resulting paper was analyzed to study folding strength, tear strength, and paper thickness. The results of the study prove that the folding endurance and tear resistance of the paper have smaller in the greater concentration of the solvent. By contrast, the thickness of the paper is greater. Besides, more the mass of OPEFB in the pulp mixture, then the folding endurance and tear resistance of the paper have less, while the thickness is decreasing.

Toward a facile fabrication route for all-cellulose composite laminates via partial dissolution in aqueous tetrabutylphosphonium hydroxide solution

The potential for a facile aqueous-based solvent processing route for the synthesis of all-cellulose composites (ACCs) is explored using aqueous solutions containing tertabutylphosphonium hydroxide (TBPH). Specifically, ACC laminates are prepared via the partial dissolution of a woven textile of cellulose II using aqueous TBPH solutions. The dissolved cellulose was then regenerated to reform a cellulose II matrix phase in situ that acts to bond the original undissolved fibres. The hygroscopic behaviour and dissolution analysis of the solvent system showed wide range in the choice of processing conditions suited to the production of ACC laminates via TBPH. The effect of solvent concentration on the microstructure, crystallinity and tensile properties of ACCs is reported. The use of TBPH enables reductions in the processing cycle time and improved control over the properties of ACCs, indicative of a promising solvent system for the upscaled production of ACCs and their laminates.

Application of pharmacodynamics-based optimization to the extraction of bioactive compounds from Chansu

Natural medicines are now gaining increasing acceptance around the global scope. Due to the complexity of composition, it is imperative to adopt a unique evaluation system, which is not confined to the content of finite marker compounds. This research presents the successful application of pharmacodynamics-based optimization to the ultrasound-assisted extraction of Chansu, a widely used natural medicine with complex bioactive ingredients. The effect of solvent concentration, solvent to solid ratio, extraction time and particle size, on two response indexes (extraction yield of total content of bufalin, cinobufagin and resibufogenin and anticancer activity) were evaluated by response surface methodology (RSM). Two models were built based on two response indexes, and both of them provided accurate predictions. Compared with extraction yield-based optimization, pharmacodynamics-based optimization aligns well with the integrity and complexity of natural medicines. Moreover, the pharmacodynamics-based optimization gives a more economical and efficient optimal condition, which is specifically embodied in the coarser requirement for particle size and the saving of extraction time and solvent. The recommended extraction conditions were methanol concentration of 83.54% (v/v), solvent to solid ratio of 26.23 mL/g, extraction time of 40.43 min and particle size of 61 mesh (0.212–0.25 mm). The present study elaborated the feasibility and implication of pharmacodynamics-based optimization, which provides useful information for further research on the extraction process of natural medicines.

Optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of polyphenols from Meghalayan cherry fruit (Prunus nepalensis) using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) approach

In this work, polyphenols have been recovered from Meghalayan cherry using ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE). The RSM and ANN were used to analyse the effect of solvent concentration (40–80%), solvent-solid ratio (10–30 ml/g), extraction time (15–45 min) and amplitude (20–40%) on yield and total phenol content (TPC) of fruit extract. The yield (41.30%), TPC (117.80 mgGAE/g), DPPH (85.11 ± 0.40%) and FRAP (0.92 ± 0.46 mg AAE/g) of Meghalayan cherry extracts were obtained under optimal extraction conditions (solvent concentration (58%); solvent-solid ratio (26 ml/g); time (31 min); amplitude (28%)). Results indicated that RSM and ANN could be effectively applied to describe the experimental data, but ANN showed better prediction accuracy as compared to RSM due to higher R2 and lesser MSE. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of polyphenols and Liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-MS-Q-TOF) identified sixteen polyphenols compounds, out of which ten were proposed for the first time in Meghalayan cherry fruit. Scanning electron microscopy showed that ultrasound processing caused disruptions in the cell wall of fruit powder which leads to higher extraction of polyphenolic compounds. Thus, the extract obtained from UAE has higher antioxidant activity and would be used in pharmaceuticals and food products as a source of bioactive compounds. Furthermore, ANN found to be an efficient tool for predicting extraction efficiency of Meghalayan cherry polyphenols.

Optimization of Polyphenols and Carotenoids Extraction from Leaves of Cassia auriculata for Natural Health Products

Aims: C. auriculata leaves contains polyphenols and carotenoids and also it posses various antioxidant activities towards free radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation inhibition and reducing potential. The present study investigated the optimization of polyphenols and carotenoids extraction from Cassia auriculata leaves by response surface methodology (RSM).
 Study Design: A three-factor, three-levels central composite design (CCD) was performed to determine the effect of solvent concentration (30-100%), extraction temperature (30-60°C) and extraction time (30-90 min) to obtain the best extraction parameters.
 Place and Duration of Study: Fresh C. auriculata leaves were collected from home gardens in Makandura area of Sri Lanka and the experiments were conducted at the Department of Food Science and Technology of Wayamba University of Sri Lanka between June 2016 and August 2016.
 Methodology: Total polyphenol and carotenoid contents of the ethanolic extracts of the C. auriculata leaves were determined. Total polyphenols and carotenoids content in the extracts were used as the response variables. According to the design used, twenty randomized experiments including six replicates as the center points were assigned based on the combinations of extraction variables used CCD and the values of independent process variables considered, as well as response variables. The optimal value of these factors was determined suing response surface methodology. Predicted values were compared with experimental values.
 Results: The optimum extraction conditions for phenolics and carotenoids were 45.4% ethanol; 19.8°C; 110.5 min and 100% ethanol; 70.2°C; 9.5 min respectively. The optimal predicted contents for total polyphenols and carotenoids were 13.08 mg GAE/g-DW and 17.31 mg/g-DW respectively. Validation experiments results had good agreement with the predicted responses by RSM.
 Conclusion: Ethanol concentration was the most significant factor affecting on total polyphenols and carotenoids extraction. Extraction temperatures and time did not significantly influence on carotenoids and polyphenols extraction from leaves of C. auriculata. The estimated optimum extraction conditions; were established and they were very close to the experimental values. These parameters can be used as the guidelines for scale-up extraction of bioactives from the leaves of C. auriculata.

Quantitative determination and optimun extraction technique of nine compounds of Paeoniae Radix Alba

To establish the optimum extraction technique and high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method to simultaneously quantify nine compounds of gallic acid, hydroxy-paeoniflorin, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, pentagalloylglucose, benzoic acid, benzoylpaeoniflorin and paeonol in Paeoniae Radix Alba. Linear gradient elution was applied using water containing 0.1%phosphoric acid and acetonitrile as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, column temperature of 30℃ and wavelength of 230 nm. The method of ultrasound extraction was used. Methanol and ethanol were used as extraction solvents, and three factors and three levels of orthogonal experiments was designed using L 9(3 4) table to investigate the effects of solvent concentration, ratio of liquid to material and extraction time on the total content of nine components of Paeoniae Radix Alba. HPLC method was verified to have high specificity, sensitivity and accuracy through methodological validation, and it could be used for simultaneous quantitative analysis of nine components of Paeoniae Radix Alba. The results showed that the optimum extraction technology of nine components of Paeoniae Radix Alba was using 70%ethanol as extraction solvent, ratio of liquid to material was 200 mL/g and ultrasound extraction time was 30 min. HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of nine components of Paeoniae Radix Alba is established, and the optimum extraction technology is confirmed.