Effects Of Soil Characteristics Research Articles

Effect of soil characteristics on succession in sites reclaimed after acid rain deforestation

Change in dominant species on sites reclaimed after the forest decline in the Krušné hory Mountains, Czech Republic, is explained by changes in soil characteristics. A 15-year course of succession was inferred from comparing sites of different ages. Succession was studied in two contrasting habitat types: (1) plots from which the vegetation cover with top soil and diaspores was completely removed in order to make replanting of spruce ( Picea abies) saplings possible, and (2) mounds originating from accumulating the removed material. At the beginning of succession in the plots, Calamagrostis villosa was the main colonizer and retained its dominance up to 5 years, after which it was gradually replaced by Deschampsia flexuosa. In contrast, revegetation from C. villosa rhizomes occurred in mounds and no dominant species exchange was observed during the first 15 years of succession. Differences in contents of soil chemicals and in their trends over time were found between habitat types. Organic matter and nitrogen levels were higher in mounds than in plots during the whole period of succession studied. Soil acidity decreased in plots but increased in mounds. It appears that C. villosa is outcompeted from plots because of its high requirements for the organic matter content, a factor that was found to be the best predictor of trends in the species' successional behaviour. Occurrence of D. flexuosa was correlated with soil acidity and calcium and potassium contents.

Effects of soil characteristics and spring management on the persistence of 'Grasslands Matua' prairie grass

'Grasslands Matua' prairie grass was direct drilled into easy hill county at Whatawhata Research Centre. Establishment was excellent, but persistence was poor in most paddocks after 2 years. Site conditions associated with a range of Matua populations were surveyed. Matua population decline was greatest during spring. Spring soil nitrogen levels were associated with persistence, implying that nitrogen application in late winter may enhance persistence. In a trial to assess the effect of spring management on tillering patterns, seed production and seedling vigour, October closing resulted in the highest seed production, seed vigour and highest tiller density after herbage removal. It is proposed that a springsummer hay making policy will enhance the vigour of the existing population and provide adequate reseeding for new plant recruitment. Keywords Matua, persistence, soil survey, nitrogen, tiller density, closing date

‘The effect of soil characteristics on corrosion’

(1989). ‘The effect of soil characteristics on corrosion’. British Corrosion Journal: Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 177-178.

‘The effect of soil characteristics on corrosion’

‘The effect of soil characteristics on corrosion’

Susceptibilidad de Crotalaria spp. a Etiella zinckenella en Puerto Rico

Un reconocimiento de especies de Crotalaria determinó la susceptibilidad de cuatro especies al ataque del barrenador Etiella zinckenella (Treit.): C. pallida, C. anagyroides, C. zanzibarica y C. incana. No se hallaron atacadas las especies C. retusa, C. stipularia o C. lanceolata. No se logró corroborar algunas observaciones informadas en la bibliografía sobre el efecto de los suelos sobre la intensidad del ataque del barrenador a C. pallida. Solo la densidad de plantas resultó positivamente correlacionada con la severidad del ataque. Se observó que la postura de huevos está restringida a vainas verdes de Crotalaria pallida de más de 3.2 cm. No se hallaron huevos en vainas senescentes.

The effect of soil characteristics on the zinc-copper interaction in the nutrition of wheat

SUMMARYA pot culture experiment was conducted on 11 soils differing in their physicochemical characteristics to study the occurrence of Zn-Cu interaction in relation to plant growth and Zn and Cu concentrations of wheat. The nature of the interaction was found to vary with the soils and the amounts of applied nutrients. The plant growth showed antagonistic interaction between Zn and Cu when one of the two elements was added in low amounts. However, when the two elements were applied in large amounts, their concentrations in the plants increased but the plant growth was adversely affected. The applied Zn generally failed to affect the uptake of native or low amounts of applied Cu whereas the applied Cu decreased the uptake of native zinc in five out of 11 soils.The DTPA extractable amounts of Zn in experimental soils were not affected signicantly by Cu application and vice versa. The fact that the application of Zn or Cu may not affect or increase the uptake of each other may depend upon the soil characteristics and the rates of their application.

Response of slash pine seedlings to P sources of varying citrate solubility

In a greenhouse pot study eight finely ground rock phosphates, representing a wide range of geographic origin and citrate solubility, were compared with granular triple superphosphate as sources of P for newly germinated slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) seedlings. Two acid and P-deficient soils broadly representative of the forest soils of the southeastern U.S. were used in the evaluation. In a Weston fine sandy loam, dry matter production and P uptake in the first seedling crop were strongly positively correlated with citrate solubility of the P source. Increasing P application rates among sources of higher solubility resulted in marked increases in tree response. In the second seedling crop, differences among sources followed the same trends, generally, but were much less pronounced. In the third crop, differences among sources virtually disappeared. In a Davidson silty clay loam, P source effectiveness for the first crop was again positively correlated with citrate solubility but differences among P sources were smaller than in Weston. At low P application rates, plant response was greater, but increasing P rates to very high levels did not bring about corresponding increases in growth and P uptake as in the Weston soil. In the second crop, a disorder diagnosed as Mn toxicity, induced by increasing soil acidity, severely retarded seedling growth and precluded the continuation of the bioassay on this soil. The results indicate that citrate solubility is a useful chemical property for rating early effectiveness of rock phosphates used in direct application to forest trees on acid soils. Long-term field trials on different soils will be required to determine the importance of this initial solubility to the overall performance (i.e., both early and sustained growth) of the tree crop and to evaluate the effects of soil characteristics and supplemental fertilizer treatments which may modify tree response to different P sources. re]19730406

The Effect of Soil Characteristics on the Growth of Quaking Aspen in Northern Minnesota

AbstractA study was made of the relationship between soil properties and the growth of quaking aspen on 16 sample plots in northern Minnesota. The soils of this region show wide variations in their levels of replaceable bases and other associated fertility factors. The average annual growth of aspen on soils with high levels of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and nitrogen was over 4 times greater than the average annual growth on soils having a lower base status and nitrogen content. Analyses of foliar samples and aspen litter showed a close relationship between the supply of exchangeable bases in the soil on which the trees had grown and the level of calcium, magnesium, and potassium in the tissues of quaking aspen. Although the purposes of the study was primarily reconnaissance, the results show quite conclusively the extreme importance of soil characteristics in determining the quality of a site for aspen growth.

The Effect of Soil Characteristics and Winter Legumes on the Leaching of Potassium below the 8‐Inch Depth in some Alabama Soils1

The Effect of Soil Characteristics and Winter Legumes on the Leaching of Potassium below the 8‐Inch Depth in some Alabama Soils¹