Effect Of Sodium Humate Research Articles

The Effect of Sodium Humate on Some Carcass Parameters, Caecal Metabolites and Excretion in Broiler Chickens

The Effect of Sodium Humate on Some Carcass Parameters, Caecal Metabolites and Excretion in Broiler Chickens

Effects of sodium humate and probiotics on growth performance enzyme activity and microbial environment of Litopenaeus vannamei in high-density zero‐water exchange systems

The study investigates the outcomes of adding sodium humate and sodium humate with probiotics (Lysinibacillus,Bacillus subtilis) to culture water on the growth performance, enzyme activity, and microbial environment of shrimp. The sodium humate and probiotics concentrations were 3 mg/L and 105CFU/mL in the culture water.Litopenaeus vannamei(0.31 ± 0.03 g) at a density of 300 shrimps/m3were cultured in nine buckets for a 43-days culture experiment. The results showed that the survival rate (SR) ofL. vannameiin sodium humate group and sodium humate with probiotics group were (88.44%) and (86.07%), with the sodium humate group outcome being significantly better than the control group. The shrimps’ final body weight and specific growth rate (SGR) in the two experimental groups were significantly higher than the control group. The feed conversion rate (FCR) was significantly lower than the control group. The ammonia nitrogen concentration in sodium humate with probiotics group was significantly lower than the control group on the 15th day. The activities of intestinal amylase, lipase, trypsin and hepatopancreas superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenol oxidase (PO), and catalase (CAT) in sodium humate group were significantly higher than the control group. Notably, SOD, PO, and lipase activities in sodium humate with probiotics group were significantly higher than the control group. Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing showed that the Chao and Ace indices of the culture water microflora in experimental groups were higher than the control group, and the sodium humate group was significantly higher than the control group. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacterial communities in the intestine and culture water ofL. vannamei, Proteobacteria was the most abundant phyla. At the genus level, the relative abundance ofPseudohongiellaof water microflora in the control group was significantly lower than the experimental groups.Ruggiella(15.22-19.56%) was the most abundant genera of intestinal microflora. These results infer that the addition of sodium humate enhances the growth performance, digestive enzymes, and some immune enzyme activities, improving the richness of the water microbial community ofL. vannamei.

Removal of multi-pollutants in flue gas via a new approach based on dielectric barrier discharge coupling MnCu/Ti oxidation

A dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) coupling MnCu/Ti oxidation and postpositioned wet electrostatic precipitator (WESP) system was built. The experimental results showed that WESP can significantly enhance the simultaneous conversion efficiency(ηC) of NO, SO2 and Hg0 by the DBD coupling MnCu/Ti reactor. The best simultaneous removal efficiency(ηR) of NO, SO2 and Hg0 reached 94.5%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The ratio of catalyst active component (Mn/Cu) and catalyst filling amount were optimized. The effects of catalyst active component ratio, filling amount, flue gas component and energy density (SED) on the ηC of NO, SO2 and Hg0 were determined. The effect of sodium humate (HA-Na) in the cleaning water on the ηR was also illustrated. Besides, we clarified the absorption mechanism and how WESP corona discharge oxidized NO, SO2 and Hg0, as well as the removal of NO2, SO2, and SO3 by HA-Na. Product analysis showed that NO2, SO2 and SO3 were converted into NO3- and SO42-, part of HgO was converted into Hg2+ in the cleaning water, and a small amount of Hg(NO3)2 and HgSO4 were converted into Hg2+, NO3- and SO42-.

Effects of sodium humate and glutamine on growth performance, diarrhoea incidence, blood parameters, and faecal microflora of pre-weaned calves.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of administration of sodium humate (HNa) and glutamine (Gln) on growth performance, diarrhoea incidence, serum parameters, and faecal microflora of pre-weaned Holstein calves. In a 57-day experiment, 28 healthy newborn female calves were randomly allocated to four treatment groups: (1) CON (control); (2) HNa (basal diet + 5% HNa); (3) Gln (basal diet + 1% Gln); and (4) HNa + Gln (basal diet + 5% HNa + 1% Gln). The calves in the CON group were fed with basal diet. HNa and Gln were alone or together mixed with milk (Days 1-20) or milk replacer (Days 21-57) and orally administered to each calf. The results indicated that calves combined supplemented with HNa and Gln had a higher average daily gainat 0-21 days, 21-57 days, and 0-57 days, and starter intake at 21-57 days and 0-57 days (p < 0.05). Compared with the CON group, calves in HNa, Gln, and HNa + Gln groups showed lower faecal scores and diarrhoea incidence at 0-21 days and 0-57 days (p < 0.05). Combined administration of HNa and Gln increased the concentration of IgG and IgA, activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) but decreased the concentration of diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid (D-lac), TNF-α, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum of calves compared with the CON group throughout the entire period (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the abundances of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were increased but the Escherichia coli was decreased in faecal grab samples of HNa + Gln group calves in comparison with the CON group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, combined administration of HNa and Gln effectively improved the growth performance, antioxidant and immune status, and intestinal beneficial bacteria, and further reduced the diarrhoea incidence of the pre-weaned calves.

STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF FEED ADDITIVE OF SODIUM HUMATE FOR STERLET BY THE CAGE METHOD OF GROWING

The article presents the results of an experiment to assess the effect of feed additive of humates on the growth rate and survival of different age groups of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus L., 1758) and the conversion of fish feed for keeping in aquaculture. Based on the analysis of sources of scientific and technical information, it was found that humic drugs have long been used in crop production as growth stimulants and microfertilizers, and in animal husbandry - to normalize metabolism, treatment of digestive diseases and general stimulating effect on the body as a whole. Analysis of data on the use of humates in aquaculture indicated the presence of a positive effect of these compounds on individual cultivation objects. The small amount of information on the use of humates in fish farming has led to the conclusion that this direction of fish farming intensification is still insufficiently studied, and that studies of the impact of humic substances on aquaculture objects are not comprehensive and mainly concern the assessment of individual effects of biologically active action of the compounds on fish. The available information gave grounds to speculate about the prospects for the use of humates in sturgeon farming. To test this assumption, a series of experiments was conducted on the feeding of sterlet feed with the addition of sodium humate. The research was conducted in 2018, 2020 and 2021, in the production conditions of the cage fishery, located on the Kaniv Reservoir. The effect of different concentrations of sodium humate feed additives on one- and two year old sterlet was evaluated. It was found that the addition of sodium humate to fish feed in concentrations of 60, 100, 120 and 200 mg / kg of feed did not significantly affect the growth rate of sterlet. Thus, the advantage of experimental variants over the control for this indicator was insignificant, in the range of 1.0-1.6%. The effect of sodium humate on the survival of this year sterlet, for their cultivation in gardens. At the same time, the best, by 6.7-17.4%, feed conversion with the addition of humates by one- and two-year-old sterlet was noted. According to the results of the experiments, the best result was obtained in the variant using a feed additive of humates at a concentration of 200 mg / kg of feed. It is considered promising to continue the study of the impact of feed additives of humates on the growth and survival of valuable aquaculture objects under different housing conditions, in particular in closed recirculation aquasystems (RAS), as well as finding the optimal concentration of these additives in feed for different species and age groups of fish.

Effect of sodium humate “Sprout” on hematological indices of young cattle

Effect of sodium humate “Sprout” on hematological indices of young cattle

Effects of Sodium Humate on Cadmium Content and Physiological Indexes of Chinese Cabbage (&lt;em&gt;Brassica chinensis l&lt;/em&gt;)

With Chinese cabbage (<em>Brassica chinensis l</em>) as the test material in pot experiments, the effects of sodium humate on Chinese cabbage biomass, cadmium uptake and accumulation as well as the soil available cadmium content were studied, to provide a reference for sodium humate anti-heavy metal stress research. The results showed that when a suitable amount of sodium humate was fertilized, even Cd polluted soil could promote Chinese cabbage root system growth and the fresh weight increased, as well as the stems and leaves biomass. In addition, as the soil available Cd content decreased, the absorption and accumulation in the stems and leaves was reduced. The optimum fertilization amount was 1.00 g/kg soil. Correlation analysis indicated that sodium humate was significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated to soil available Cd. Therefore, sodium humate was the main factor that affected the soil available Cd content.

Effect of sodium humate and zinc oxide used in prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea on faecal microbiota composition in weaned piglets

Effect of sodium humate and zinc oxide used in prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea on faecal microbiota composition in weaned piglets

The effect of sodium humate upon phosphorus nutrition of plants with variable doses of iron and calcium in tomato water cultures

Studies were carried out on the effect of sodium humate upon content of P, Fe, Ca, and dry weight yield of tomato seedlings in water cultures. Nutrient solutions contained 10 times more or 10 times less P, Fe, and Ca than the control (nutrient solution according to Hampe). Sodium humate was effective only in relation to phosphorus at lowered amount of Fe, and supplied the plants with Fe when phosphorus content remained in excess. At lowered Ca content humate was not more effective in relation to phosphorus. Sodium humate protected the plants against inhibiting effects of excessive Ca content, and supplied them with phosphorus.

About the cause of the stimulative effect of humate in yeast cultures

Trials were undertaken to elucidate the stimulating effect of sodium humate on yeast multiplication and the intensity of their fermentation. This effect appears specifically at pH non-optimal for the medium. No correlation was found between this effect and the complex-forming properties of various natural and synthetic humate fractions or the concentration of phosphate and calcium ions in the medium. Application of cystein as reducing agent, aeration of the medium and addition of detergents to it did not substitute the effect of humate. Tannin and gibberellin, on the other hand, stimulated cell proliferation and fermentation at non-optimal pH, remaining almost without influence at optimal pH, similarly as does humate.

Effect of sodium humate on membrane potential in internodal cells of Nitellopsis obtusa

Membrane potential and resistance changes in &lt;em&gt;Nitellopsis obtusa&lt;/em&gt; induced by Na-humate as a function of external pH were investigated. The administration of Na-humate at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg dm&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt; brought about a hyperpolarization of the membrane potential and a drop of d.c. resistance in the pH range between 4.0 and 9.0. Depolarization of the membrane potential induced by low pH was counteracted by Na-humate. The electrophysiological effects of Na-humate are compared with those of IAA.

The effect of sodium humate on the content of different types of phosphorus compounds and on the activity of acid phosphatases in tomato seedlings

The effect of sodium humate on the level of some fractions of phosphorus compounds in the leaves and roots of tomatoes cultured in mediums with a full or reduced phosphorus dose was studied. A dependence was found between the presence of humate in the medium and an increase in the amount of some organic phosphorus compounds in the leaves (lipid phosphorus, easily hydrolyzed phosphorus compounds, nucleic acid phosphorus). In addition, humate lowered the activity of acid phosphatases which had been excessively increased due to the plants inadequate phosphate supply. The results suggest that Na-humate affects phosphorus metabolism not only in an indirect manner, but also directly through penetration of humic substances into the plant tissues.

The effect of sodium humane on the growth of tomatoes and the accumulation of phosphorus and iron in mediums of different pH

The effect of sodium humate on changes in the phosphorus and iron content in shoots of tomatoes cultivated in mediums with a raised or lowered pH and phosphorus dose (compared with controls) were analysed. At low pH, sodium humate increased the accumulation of phosphorus and lessened the excessive accumulation of iron in plants cultivated under conditions of phosphours deficit. At a slightly alkaline pH, sodium humate prevented excessive, accumulation of phosphorus and raised low iron contents. A favorable effect of humate on dry mass production was clearly seen at pH 6.4.

The Ecological Effects of Humic Acid Fertilizer on the Spring Wheat under Cadmium Stress

Using spring wheat as tested materials, by pot experiments and three fertilization modes (seed soaking mode, irrigated fertilization mode and mixed using mode), the effects of sodium humate on the wheat seedlings growth and mineral elements (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn) absorption were studied. The results indicated that, all three modes showed obviously resistance performance to Cd stress, promoted the wheat seedlings growth and the dry matter accumulation, and the third mode had the best effects. In the background soil, sodium humate treatments could obviously inhibit the Cd elements absorption; promote the mineral elements absorption and accumulation. Along with the Cd stress degree aggravateing, the inhibition effects reduced. At the same time, different fertilization modes had different effects on mineral elements absorption and accumulation. The research also puts forward that humic acid fertilizer is an ecological fertilizer and soil conditioner with alleviate heavy metals pollution and enhance plant stress resistance function.

Effect of Sodium Humate on the Content of Trace Elements in Organs of Weaned Piglets

The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of a 21-day feeding of a diet with 1% inclusion of sodium humate (HNa) on the content of trace elements (copper, zinc, selenium, manganese, cobalt) in tissues of weaned piglets, their efficiency and biochemical indicators. Significantly lower content of manganese in livers (P&lt; 0.01) and kidneys (P&lt; 0.05) was detected in piglets fed the 1% HNa supplemented diet in comparison with control, non-treated animals. The concentrations of selenium in blood serum (P&lt; 0.05) and muscular tissue (P&lt; 0.01) were significantly lower in experimental animals. Significantly higher daily body weight gain was detected in experimental piglets compared to control animals (0.303 vs. 0.258 kg,P&lt; 0.05) and the feed conversion rate was increased by 6.4% (1.60 vs. 1.71 kg). Increased concentrations of blood serum glucose, triacylglycerols (P&lt; 0.01), calcium and iron (P&lt; 0.05) were detected in experimental vs. control piglets. The results of the present study indicated that despite a positive effect, sodium humate caused a decrease in concentration of physiologically important manganese and selenium in the tissues.

Effects of humine compounds on iodine utilisation and retention and on the function of the thyroid gland

Effects of sodium humate (HuNa), containing 61.9% of humic acids in dry matter, on utilisation and retention of dietary iodine were investigated in balance experiments carried out in pigs. A control group was fed a commercial diet containing 0.1 mg of iodine per kg. The daily intake of iodine was 129.2 &amp;micro;g per animal or 4.08 &amp;micro;g per kg live weight. The recommended intake of dietary iodine is 0.25 to 0.30 mg per kg at 88% dry matter. The experimental group (HuNa) was fed the same diet supplemented with 3% of sodium humate which contained 0.5 mg of iodine per kg at 90.04% dry matter. The supplementation increased the daily intake to 141.4 &amp;micro;g per animal, or 4.45 &amp;micro;g per kg live weight. The supplementation of HuNa increased significantly the amount of iodine excreted in faeces (53.2 &amp;plusmn; 11.0 vs. 43.0 &amp;plusmn; 6.47 &amp;micro;g per animal per day;&amp;nbsp;P&amp;nbsp;&amp;lt; 0.05) and nonsignificantly the urinary iodine excretion (31.8 &amp;plusmn; 8.93 vs. 29.0 &amp;plusmn; 11.3 &amp;micro;g per animal per day). Differences between the HuNa and the control groups in blood serum iodine concentrations (18.8 vs. 18.1 &amp;micro;g per litre) and urinary iodine concentrations (32.5 vs. 34.4 &amp;micro;g per litre) were nonsignificant. It is evident from the concentrations that the pigs suffered from a serious iodine deficiency. Compared with controls, the HuNa group showed significantly higher triiodothyronine concentration (P&amp;nbsp;&amp;lt; 0.05) and nonsignificantly lower thyroxine and iodine concentrations in blood serum. Dietary iodine utilisation was lower in the HuNa than in the control group (62.3 vs. 66.6%). The results show that utilisation of dietary iodine was limited and that sodium humate (humic acids) reduced iodine utilisation and retention and affected also other parameters indicating their goitrogenic effects.

Phosphorus uptake suppression in maize seedlings as related to humate supply

The effect of sodium humate on phosphorus uptake by maize seedlings devoid of the endosperm was studied. Short-term experiments have shown that a suppression of phosphate ion absorption occurs under the described conditions in the presence of humate without decreasing the weight of experimental plants. The effect reported is delayed and is enhanced by prolonging the preliminary phase of starvation. It varies with the pH of the medium and reduces under extreme conditions the phosphate release from the root to the medium.

Effects of Humate, Agar-agar, and EDTA on the Development of Tomato Seedlings in Aerated and Non-aerated Water Cultures

The effect of sodium humate on the development of tomato seedlings in aerated and non-aerated water cultures has been compared with the effect of colloidal solutions of agar-agar. Similar comparisons have been made between the activities of humate and EDTA. The experiments have been conducted in fresh media as well as in nutrient solutions that had been formerly used for growing other tomato seedlings. Finally, a comparison between effects of humate and EDTA on tomato seedlings growing in nutrient solutions with various con centrations of calcium, magnesium, and iron salts in aerated and non-aerated water cultures has been carried out. Media used for growth experiments have been tested microbiologically, and qualitative analyses of their organic com pounds have been made. A distinct relationship between physiological activities of humate, EDTA, and the concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and iron cations in the medium has been found. It has also been shown that in non-aerated media the plants mostly suffer the deficiency of available iron; this is prevented by the addition of either humate or EDTA.

Effect of sodium humate on swelling and Germination of winter wheat

Experiments on the effect of sodium humate on the swelling and germination of the winter wheat Pyselka (Triticum vulgare Vill.) and on the changes in respiration intensity of swelling seeds during the first 24 hours of swelling, are described.