Effects Of Sex Education Program Research Articles

Inclusive Sexual Education: Integrating Gender Approaches in Learning

The importance of integrating gender approaches into inclusive sexuality education is prominent in creating a safe, supportive educational environment as well as providing a holistic understanding of sexual and gender issues. This study aims to investigate the positive impact of integrating gender approaches in inclusive sexuality education on individual knowledge of gender issues, gender awareness and sexual behavior. The library research method is the main framework to explain the theoretical foundations and previous findings in this area, identify potential research gaps, and formulate a solid framework for this topic. The results showed that sex education that pays attention to gender issues has a positive impact on increasing understanding of gender roles in relationships and sexuality, reducing negative gender stereotypes, and creating an inclusive learning environment. In addition, gender awareness plays an important role in shaping attitudes that are supportive of gender diversity and sexual orientation, which in turn promotes healthy sexual behavior and open communication in relationships. Evaluating the effectiveness of sex education programs that incorporate gender issues has also proven to be very important in improving the quality of such programs. Inclusive and gender-sensitive sexuality education thus serves not only to increase understanding but also as a tool for building a more inclusive society, respecting gender diversity and promoting safe and healthy sexual behavior.

A STUDY TO ANALYZE NEED TO INITIATE SEX EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN SCHOOLS

This study aimed to analyze the need for initiating sex education programs in schools of Lahore, Pakistan. Qualitative research methodology was used for data collection through focus group discussions and individual interviews with school teachers and students. The study revealed that the majority of the participants perceived a lack of knowledge about reproductive health and sex education among students and felt that such programs should be included in school curriculum. They highlighted several challenges that could hinder implementation of such programs, like cultural and religious taboos, parental resistance and inadequate teacher training. Participants advised various strategies for improving the effectiveness of sex education programs, including involving parents and religious leaders, providing comprehensive and age-appropriate information and cultural sensitivities. Study focuses status of incorporating sex education in school curricula and provides insights into challenges & strategies for realizing programs in conservative society like Pakistan. It is suggested that government and school authorities initiate and implement inclusive sex education programs that are age-appropriate and culturally sensitive.

The effectiveness of sex education intervention in Primary school teachers and health visitors in Cyprus

Introduction: The effectiveness of sex education programs depends,to a great extent, on the effectiveness of the instructor. The instructor’s education in the area is crucial to the success of the program. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a sexeducationintervention to sex educators (school teachers and health visitors) in Primary Education in Cyprus and the investigation of the effectiveness of their cooperation in teaching the subject. Methodology: The sample of the educational intervention consisted of 18 people (12 health visitors and 6 primary school teachers).The research tools used were the semi-structured questionnaire, the Greek self-esteem measurement scale, the observation and the interview protocols.For the statistical analysis of the data, the statistical package of data analysis SPSS version 22 was used, namely the frequency distribution methods (cumulative frequency), t-test analysis for dependent samples and qualitative analysis of the interviews. Results: The results revealed that there were differences in the averages (means) before and after the educational intervention in the perceptions of the sample about the characteristics of the sex education instructor (20.27 / 23.00) and the level that the sample ranks itself in these characteristics (18.88 / 21.33), which were statistically significant (p = 0.40, p = 0.03 respectively). In addition, it was found that the majority of the sample wants to cooperate in the teaching of sex education. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the educational intervention applied was effective as it improved the perceptions, knowledge, skills, abilities and comfort of the sample in teaching sex education. In addition, for more effective teaching of sex education,the need for cooperation of teachers and health visitors was identified.Therefore, it can be assumed that both pre and in-service trainingin the area of sex education as well as encouragement of cooperation between professionals will improve the effectiveness of sex education programs in schools.

Sexism's influence in sex education programs: An empirical study

In recent years, ample evidence has accumulated indicating the advantage of sexual health programs that incorporate a gender perspective. However, to our knowledge, there are no empirical studies on the influence of sexist attitudes on the effectiveness of sex education programs. This study aims to demonstrate that sexism has a negative impact on the results obtained by sex education programs in the prevention of sexual risks through two studies. Study 1 tests whether a sex education program differs in effectiveness based on the level of Ambivalent Sexism (ASI) and Sexual Double Standard (DSS). The sample was composed by 293 Basque-speaking adolescents from nine secondary schools in the Basque Country (M=15.56, SD=0.63, range: 15–17). Study 2 analyses whether introducing training aimed at reducing levels of sexism achieves that the sexual education program obtains similar results in young people with high and low sexism—ASI, DSS and the Inventory of Distorted Thoughts on Women and Violence (IDTWV). The sample is made up of 340 Basque-speaking adolescents from eight secondary schools in the Basque Country (M=15.54, SD=0.57, range: 15–17). Results point to the relevance of including gender perspective in sexual education programs aimed toward reducing sexism, especially sexual double standards, in order to increase its effectiveness in the prevention of sexual risks.

La influencia del sexismo en los programas de educación sexual: un estudio empírico

In recent years, ample evidence has accumulated indicating the advantage of sexual health programs that incorporate a gender perspective. However, to our knowledge, there are no empirical studies on the influence of sexist attitudes on the effectiveness of sex education programs. This study aims to demonstrate that sexism has a negative impact on the results obtained by sex education programs in the prevention of sexual risks through two studies. Study 1 tests whether a sex education program differs in effectiveness based on the level of Ambivalent Sexism (ASI) and Sexual Double Standard (DSS). The sample was composed by 293 Basque-speaking adolescents from nine secondary schools in the Basque Country (M=15.56, SD=0.63, range: 15-17). Study 2 analyses whether introducing training aimed at reducing levels of sexism achieves that the sexual education program obtains similar results in young people with high and low sexism -ASI, DSS and the Inventory of Distorted Thoughts on Women and Violence (IDTWV) -. The sample is made up of 340 Basque-speaking adolescents from eight secondary schools in the Basque Country (M=15.54, SD=0.57, range: 15-17). Results point to the relevance of including gender perspective in sexual education programs aimed towards reducing sexism, especially sexual double standards, in order to increase its effectiveness in the prevention of sexual risks.

Sex Education in the Spotlight: What Is Working? Systematic Review.

Adolescence, a period of physical, social, cognitive and emotional development, represents a target population for sexual health promotion and education when it comes to achieving the 2030 Agenda goals for sustainable and equitable societies. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of what is known about the dissemination and effectiveness of sex education programs and thereby to inform better public policy making in this area. Methodology: We carried out a systematic review based on international scientific literature, in which only peer-reviewed papers were included. To identify reviews, we carried out an electronic search of the Cochrane Database Reviews, ERIC, Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, Scopus and PsycINFO. This paper provides a narrative review of reviews of the literature from 2015 to 2020. Results: 20 reviews met the inclusion criteria (10 in school settings, 9 using digital platforms and 1 blended learning program): they focused mainly on reducing risk behaviors (e.g., VIH/STIs and unwanted pregnancies), whilst obviating themes such as desire and pleasure, which were not included in outcome evaluations. The reviews with the lowest risk of bias are those carried out in school settings and are the ones that most question the effectiveness of sex education programs. Whilst the reviews of digital platforms and blended learning show greater effectiveness in terms of promoting sexual and reproductive health in adolescents (ASRH), they nevertheless also include greater risks of bias. Conclusion: A more rigorous assessment of the effectiveness of sexual education programs is necessary, especially regarding the opportunities offered by new technologies, which may lead to more cost-effective interventions than with in-person programs. Moreover, blended learning programs offer a promising way forward, as they combine the best of face-to-face and digital interventions, and may provide an excellent tool in the new context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

영유아 자위행위에 관한 부모 성교육 프로그램 개발 및 효과:의사소통 이론을 기반으로

영유아 자위행위에 관한 부모 성교육 프로그램 개발 및 효과:의사소통 이론을 기반으로

Efficacy of Sex Education Programs for People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Meta-Analysis

The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the effectiveness of sex education programs for people with intellectual disabilities, exploring the effects of possible moderating variables. 31 independent studies were identified, from 8 research reports published between 1988 and 2017. The results revealed mean effect sizes in favor of the experimental group, being of large magnitude for the components inappropriate behaviors (d = − 1.26) and Decision making (d = − 1.03), and of moderate magnitude for the global effect (d = − .64). The analyses revealed that single-sex groups, publications between 2000 and 2009 and a high degree of training and experience to deliver the programs were moderating variables that had a great effect on the effectiveness of the programs for the global effect component. Similar results were obtained for the decision making dimension while no significant moderating variables were found for the inappropriate behaviors dimension. Understanding how effective sex educational programs work is essential to this social group. Practical implications are discussed from the results obtained.

Effects of Sex Education Program related to the Unit of Reproduction and Development on Middle School Boys’ Sex-related Knowledge and Attitude towards Sex

Effects of Sex Education Program related to the Unit of Reproduction and Development on Middle School Boys’ Sex-related Knowledge and Attitude towards Sex

The effect of sexual education program on spinal cord injured couples on disability acceptance, self-esteem, and marital relationship enhancement

This study is a single-group pre-post experimental design to investigate the effect of the sexual education treatment program of the spinal cord disabled on the acceptance of disability, self-esteem and marital relationship enhancement. Disability acceptance of the spinal cord injury couple, spinal cord injury group and spinal cord injury spouse group showed statistically significant changes in pre-immediately post and pre-post. The self-esteem of the spinal cord injury couple, the spinal cord injury group and the spinal cord injury spouse group was statistically significant in the pre-immediately post but not statistically in the pre-post. This study by verifying the effectiveness of sex education programs of the spinal cord disabilities to provide basic data for the program to accommodate disabilities and promote self-esteem of the spinal cord and the disabled couple, in addition, we aim to contribute to the establishment of healthy family relationships and the improvement of quality of life by promoting spousal couple's marital relationship.

A Study on the Effectiveness of Sex Education Programs to Prevent Sexual Violence in Developmentally Disabled Adolescents

A Study on the Effectiveness of Sex Education Programs to Prevent Sexual Violence in Developmentally Disabled Adolescents

노인 성교육 프로그램이 요양보호사의 성에 대한 지식, 태도 및 대처에 미치는 효과

본 연구는 노인요양시설에서 노인에게 전인적 돌봄을 제공하는 요양보호사의 노인의 성에 대한 긍정적 태도와 지식을 가지고 적절하게 대응할 수 있도록 하기 위해 요양보호사를 위한 노인 성교육 프로그램을 개발하고 노인 성교육 프로그램이 요양보호사의 성에 대한 지식, 태도 및 대처에 미치는 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 노인 성교육 프로그램은 4주 프로그램으로 주 1회 120분씩 총 4회 실시하였다. 2012년 9월 10일부터 10월 10일까지 H지역의 H노인요양시설에서 요양보호사 실험군 19명과 S지역의 S노인요양시설 요양보호사 대조군 18명 총 37명을 대상으로 프로그램 실시 전 후 사전 사후조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/PC WIN 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 실수와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, Shapiro-Wilk test, Fisher의 정확한 검증, Paired t-test, Indepent Samples t-test, Wilcox signed rank test, Mann-Whitney test로 분석하였다. 연구 결과 성교육프로그램을 받은 요양보호사는 교육을 받지 않은 요양보호사에 비해 성교육프로그램을 적용한 후 성에 대한 지식은 증가하였으나, 태도와 대처는 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 노인요양시설 요양보호사의 개방적인 성태도와 효율적인 대처를 위해서는 대상자의 특성을 고려한 장기적이고 구체적인 교육프로그램의 개발이 필요하다고 하겠다. The objectives of this study is to identify the Effects of Sex Education Program on careworkers' Knowledge, Attitudes and Coping toward sexuality of the Elders. The experimental design for this study was nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Research was done from September 10, 2013 to October 10, 2013. Participants included a total of 37 subjects. 19 in the experimental group and 18 in the control group. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, Pearson's correlation coefficients, Shapiro - Wilk test, <TEX>${\chi}^2$</TEX>-test, Independent Samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, paired t-test, Wilcox signed rank test using SPSS/PC WIN 18.0 program. The results showed that program was effective in increasing the knowledge of sex, but attitude and positive coping, negative coping did not differ significantly between the groups. In conclusion, this study showed that sex education could be effective higher sex knowledge of careworkers, but could not be effective sex attitudes and coping. Therefore, it is necessary that develop sex education program to be effective sex attitudes and coping of careworkers.

Identifying Effective Methods for Teaching Sex Education to Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review

Sex education for individuals with intellectual disabilities is important. However, our knowledge about effective methods for teaching sex education to this population is limited. We report the results of a systematic review identifying methods for sex education programs aimed at individuals with intellectual disabilities. In all, 20 articles were included that met the criteria set in terms of topic—the effectiveness of sex education programs—and population of interest—individuals with intellectual disabilities. In these articles, methods for increasing knowledge and for improving skills and attitudes were reported. However, the studies revealed that generalization of skills to real-life situations was often not achieved. There are indications that the maintenance of knowledge and skills still needs extra attention. Moreover, detailed descriptions of the program materials, program goals, and methods used in the programs were often lacking in the reports. Although there is some evidence for methods that may improve knowledge, attitudes, and skills with regard to sex education aimed at individuals with intellectual disabilities, due to the lack of detailed descriptions provided it is unclear under which conditions these methods work. We therefore suggest that authors provide additional detail about methods in future publications or in online supplements.

The Effects of Sex Education Program on Sex Functioning and Quality of Life of the Persons with Chronic Mental Disorder

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of sex education program on sex functioning and quality of life of the persons with chronic mental disorder. To achieve this purpose, nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used to 59 clients(37 experimental group, 22 control group). The subjects were selected by a convenience sampling method. The data collection was carried out in day care program of the 2 mental health center in K city and rehabilitation ward of the K psychiatric hospital in N city from March to August( 10 hours) in 2003.The SAS package program was used to analyse the data along with Frequency, Percentage, x 2 -test, Mann Whitney U test.The results of this study were as follows;1. The experimental group received the sex education program showed a significantly higher sex functioning score than the control group(Z=-2.109, p=0.010).2. The experimental group received the sex education program showed a significantly higher quality of life score than the control group(Z=-4.133, p=0.001). The study showed that the sex education program was effective in changed score of sex functioning and quality of life of the persons with chronic mental disorder. Based on the results of this study, we can recommend that sex education program should be done regularly in psychosocial rehabilitation program for persons with chronic mental disorder in mental health center.

The Effects of Sex Education Program for Middle School Students on Knowledge and Attitude toward Sex

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of sex education program which helped middle school students to acquire correct knowledge and positive attitude toward sex.This research was designed to do a quasi experiment of pre-test &amp; post-test with a nonequivalent control group. The subject of study were 82 males who are in the second grade in middle school student- Forty-one students were experimental group and the same of them control group in Pusan.The subjects were pre-tested and post- tested with Chie Hae Young sex knowledge test &amp; sex attitude test translated by researcher.The subjects in the experimental group participated on 13sessions(total 25hours) of sex education program which was developed by researcher and each session lasted for 120 minutes. The subjects in control group did not receive any treatment.The statistical analysis contains real number, percentage, average, standard deviation, X 2-test and t-test from SPSS.The results of this study were as follows.1. Regarding to the first hypothesis it was supported as the following：'The scores of sexual knowledge in the experimental group that was given sex education will be higher than those of the control group' (t- 9.627, p=0.000).2. Regarding to the second hypothesis it was supported as the following： 'The scores of sexual attitude toward sex in the experimental group that was given sex education will be higher than those of the control group 7t=6.595, p=0.000).From the test of Sex Education Program, the following conclusions were obtained.First, The sex education program was effective for the subjects in helping to obtain correct knowledge and positive attitude toward sex.Second, this sex program proved to be adaptable for various who desired students and they were very satisfied with it.The result of the study were suggested it is so necessary that school nurses should be performed sex education programs regularly at school.

Lower extremity equipment-related injuries in Alpine recreational skiers

Although Hong Kong is considered to be a relatively westernized Chinese society, sex remains to be a subject that is rarely discussed openly. This article provided a brief overview on the prevalence of sexual behaviors and attitudes among adolescents in Hong Kong. Compared with the West, Hong Kong adolescents are less sexually active; however, increasing rates and more liberal sexual attitudes have been reported over the decades. These worrying trends have caused great concern and begged the question of occurrences and the effectiveness of sex education programs. Endeavor has been made to identify protective factors for reducing adolescent risky sexual behaviors and promoting sexual health from a strength-based perspective, such as the positive youth development (PYD) approach. However, to date, there is little synthesis of empirical evidence in the literature on the relations between PYD and adolescent sexual behaviors. We attempted to fill in this gap by outlining empirical evidence on the protective roles of PYD attributes in youth sexual outcomes. We reviewed local sex education programs and outlined several observations regarding foci, implementation, and evaluation. To conclude, we provided suggestions to inform practice in the future development and implementation of sex education programs to promote sexual health among youths.

Sex Education in the 1990's: A Systems Perspective on Family Sexuality

Historically, sex education has struggled to accommodate the diversity of sexual attitudes and values found in American society. As a consequence, research has yielded very limited support as to the effectiveness of the typical sex education curriculum.Several theories nave applied principles of biological and social systems to the family. A basic understanding and subsequent application of these principles to sex education curricula can be useful in enhancing the effectiveness of sex education programs. This paper suggests ways that family system concepts can be integrated into sex education curricula. In doing this, a new approach to sex education is suggested.

Research on effectiveness of sex education programs

(1989). Research on effectiveness of sex education programs. Theory Into Practice: Vol. 28, Sexuality Education, pp. 165-171.

The effects of school sex education programs: a review of the literature.

This paper describes the methods used in the evaluation of sex education programs and then examines the impact of programs upon knowledge attitudes and behavior. The most common method of analyzing the effects of sex education program utilizes the experimental design. The sex education class is considered the experimental group; some other class or group of students is considered the control group. Studies using this design have 2 major strenghts: by comparing the change in scores of the control group and the experimental group various types of errors can be eliminated or controlled; and when students take a pretest complete the course and then take the posttest this resembles their normal testing routine and appears natural. Yet these experimental studies contain several weaknesses which limit the validity of their conclusions or generalizations: most of the studies evaluate single programs which have not been randomly selected; evaluators are rarely able to randomly assign students to experimental and control groups; very few of the studies measure longterm effects of the course; questionnaires or measuring instruments are often poorly designed; and many studies report the statistical significance of the findings but few provide good indicators for the magnitude of change. A second but less common method of analyzing the effects of sex education programs employ a survey design. Surveys cannot easily control for all other confounding factors such as normal maturation process. Moreover past surveys have failed to ask sufficient questions about the sex education sources for the researchers to know how much sex education was actually taught. Thus few surveys are discussed in this article. Numerous studies of both high school and college classes have used experimental designs to measure the impact of sex education courses upon the knowledge of the students. Their findings are nearly unanimous -- instruction in sex education does substantially increase knowledge of sexuality. The studies of high school programs indicate that sexuality courses so increase the tolerance of the students attitudes toward the sexual practices of others. A few studies also indicate that the students become somewhat more comfortable with masturbation for themselves as a result of the course. The beliefs that students have about their own sexual behavior with others do not appear to change. Thus the concern that sex education in high school will make students less moral is not substantiated by the literature. The studies of college students strongly indicate that some college sexuality courses do increase tolerance or acceptance of different types of sexual behavior both for self and especially for others. The studies of college classes indicate that they do not affect sexual behavior. The studies fail to support sex education proponents who believe classes may reduce sexual behavior. They do indicate that units on contraception will increase the use of more effective contraceptives and decrease sexual activity with poor or no contraception.