Effects Of Respiratory Training Research Articles

The Efficiency of Respiratory Exercises in Rehabilitation of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder, and respiratory exercise is considered a nonsurgical management method. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to estimate the results of randomized controlled trials on the effect of respiratory training in reducing LBP and its dose relationship. The present study was conducted from January 2020 to January 2022, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (2020). Relevant studies were searched in multiple databases including PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Wan Fang and China Knowledge Network, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar, using a combination of MeSH/Emtree terms and free-text words. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. A total of 14 publications were included in the meta-analysis, with a total sample size of 698 individuals, aged 60-80years. Respiratory exercise was effective in relieving LBP (standardized mean difference = -0.87, P < .00001) and improving physical disability (standardized mean difference = -0.79, P < .00001). The type of breathing and the total duration of breathing exercises were found to be the source of heterogeneity in this study by subgroup analysis. Subgroup analysis revealed that the most significant effect sizes of breathing resistance exercise to reduce LBP and the most significant effect sizes of breathing relaxation techniques to alleviate physical disability were performed 3 to 5 times per week and period >4weeks. Respiratory exercise reducing LBP and improving functional disability was most effective when the total duration of the intervention was >500minutes. Funnel plots showed that the results of the 2 overall studies were reliable without publication bias. Respiratory exercise can effectively reduce LBP and improve physical disability. Therefore, these exercises can be regarded as a part of a LBP management plan. We recommend an exercise program with 30 to 50 minutes, 3 to 5 times per week, and >4weeks of breathing resistance exercise program as the most effective for treating LBP.

Effectiveness of respiratory training in home-based pulmonary rehabilitation for elderly patients with stable COPD: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) brought a heavy risk of morbidity, hospital admission, and death. Respiratory training as an important part of pulmonary rehabilitation has not been validated in home-based elderly patients with stable COPD. This study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of a standardized respiratory training in home-based elderly patients with stable COPD. Methods: The prospective, randomized controlled trial will be designed and conduced in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital),China. Eligible patients with stable COPD will be randomly divided into experimental group and control group, both of the 2 groups will carry out regular home-based pulmonary rehabilitation for 3 months, additionally experimental group will receive a standardized respiratory training for 3 months. The primary outcome is the pulmonary function test before and after 3 months exercises. Discussion: The study will provide a objective basis for the use of respiratory training in home-based pulmonary rehabilitation for elderly patients with stable COPD.

The Effect of Respiratory Training on Anxiety Level and Sleep Quality in Patients after Transnasal Pituitary Tumour Removal

To investigate the effects of breathing training on the anxiety status and sleep quality of patients after transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection, one hundred and two patients with pituitary tumour in the Department of Neurosurgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into a control group and a test group, with 51 cases in each group. The control group underwent routine nursing operations, while the experimental group added breathing training to the routine nursing operations. The study effects were analyzed by the scoring status and grade classification of SAS scale and PSQI scale. By introducing breathing training, the SAS scale and PSQI scale of the two groups were significantly different, and the test group was better than the control group in terms of anxiety status and sleep quality (p<0.05). Respiratory training has a significant positive effect on the anxiety status and sleep quality of patients after transsphenoidal pituitary tumour resection, providing a clinical case and reference value for postoperative care after transsphenoidal pituitary tumour removal.

Effects of respiratory training on obstructive sleep apnea: systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review sought to answer the following focused question: "What are the effects of respiratory trainingdevices on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) outcomes in adults?" METHODS: The acronym "PICOS" was used to determine eligibility criteria, which consists of (P population) = adults with mild to moderate OSA, (I intervention) = spirometry devices or breathing exercises, (C comparison) = compared to no breathing exercises in adults (> 18 years) with mild to moderate OSA, (O outcomes) = improved sleep quality (sleep quality indexes) and improved apnea-hypopnea indexes (AHI), (S study types) = randomized, pseudo-randomized, and non-randomized clinical trials.The search was performed in the following databases: PubMed/Medline, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, in addition to gray literature through Google Scholar, Proquest, and Open Grey. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. Meta-analyses of random effects were performed for the outcomes of interest. A total of 1171 references were found. Applying the eligibility criteria, six studies were included in qualitative synthesis. Expiratory exercises showed a decrease in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) when compared to baseline (MD = - 8.4; 95% CI = - 12.4 to - 4.4; I2 = 19%). There was a decrease in values compared to baseline (MD = - 4.4; 95% CI = - 8.2 to - 0.6; I2 = 0%) for the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), when considering the inspiratory exercises. Both groups of breathing exercises showed a significant decrease in the mean index assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results of this meta-analysissuggests thatbreathing exercises lead to a measurable improvement in AHI forpatients with mild to moderateOSA, as well as an improvement in sleep quality and daytime sleepiness. CRD42020148513 (PROSPERO).

Effect of Respiratory Training combined with Core Stability Training for Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy

Effect of Respiratory Training combined with Core Stability Training for Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy

The Effects of Respiratory Training in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.

Background:Signs of respiratory dysfunction can be present already early in the course of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Respiratory training could alleviate this, but its effectiveness is not well understood.Objective:The purpose of this systematic review is to review the efficacy of different respiratory training interventions in PD.Methods:A search strategy was performed in four databases: PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cochrane Library, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Methodological quality of original full-text articles was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for the controlled trials (CTs). Levels of evidence were rated by the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Results:Six papers reporting on four randomized controlled trials and another four controlled trials were included. Positive effects were reported for inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST), expiratory muscle strength training (EMST), air stacking, breath-stacking, incentive spirometry and postural training on respiratory muscle strength, swallowing safety, phonatory aspects and chest wall volumes. Best methodological quality was found for breath-stacking and incentive spirometry. Best levels of evidence were found for EMST, IMST and EMST plus air stacking.Conclusion:Respiratory training shows positive effects and should be considered when people with PD experience respiratory dysfunction. Future studies should focus on standardizing both training devices, instruments to measure outcomes and intervention protocols to further increase the level of evidence.

Effect of respiratory muscle training on physical performance in a group of patients with Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

In recent years, studies have tried to find the positive benefits of regular and controlled physical activity for cancer survivors. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential effects of respiratory training (RT) in a group of hematological patients. Nine Hodgkin's lymphoma and two Non- Hodgkin's lymphoma cancer survivors (mean ± SD age: 55.1 ± 14.8 years, height: 172.0 ± 9.49 cm, body mass 76.09 ± 19.48 kg) participated in the study. All participants had finished their main oncological treatment (only chemotherapy or chemotherapy and radiotherapy) one to three months before the study. The respiratory training was realized with Threshold® IMT/PEP. During the training, the resistance level was set up to 30 % of discovered maximum inspiration pressure (MIP)/maximum expiration pressure (MEP) (in a range of 5–20 cmH2O). The respiratory training lasted eight weeks, and patients performed an intervention on a daily basis.The results of this study did show that RT shows a significant increase in forced vital capacity (FVC) (+7.73%), MIP (+31.21%) and MEP (+14.50%). This study concludes that RT can have the positive effect on next regular and prescribed physical activity for cancer survivors.

The Effect of Respiratory Training on Exercise Tolerance in COPD

The Effect of Respiratory Training on Exercise Tolerance in COPD

Effect of breathing exercises on improving oral feeding ability of premature infants

Objective To investigate the effects of respiratory training on oral feeding ability, feeding response, transition time, hospitalization time, gastric tube indwelling time and recovery time to birth weight in premature infants. Methods The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU) preterm infants who were in accordance with the inclusion criteria were divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number method. The observation group was 20 cases, the control group was 21 cases. The control group implemented NICU routine nursing, including oral nursing, umbilical nursing, body position nursing. The observation group received respiratory training exercises on the basis of the control group, and the oral feeding ability of the two groups of premature infants was evaluated and recorded after intervention at the beginning of 0, 5, 10, 15 d.The feeding reaction, transition time, the hospitalization time and gastric tube indwelling time were recorded in two groups of preterm infants. Results The non-nutritive sucking scores after intervention at the beginning of 0, 5, 10, 15 d were (31.10±5.57), (37.50±4.86), (53.20±7.60), (74.90±4.77) points in the observation group. The non-nutritive sucking scores after intervention at the beginning of 0, 5, 10, 15 d were (31.91±5.56), (33.36±6.17), (45.54±5.39), (62.82±6.78) points in the control group. There was no significant difference after intervention at the beginning of 0, 5 d between the two groups (t=-0.333,1.694, all P >0.05), but had the significant difference after intervention at the beginning of 10,15 d (t=2.683, 4.676, all P 0.05). Conclusions Breathing exercises can improve the oral feeding ability and improve the feeding effect of premature infants. Key words: Breathing exercises; Premature infants; Feeding; Oral feeding ability

Effects of respiratory training on pulmonary function and circulatory function in patients after thoracotomy

Objective To investigate the effects of respiratory training on pulmonary function and circulatory function in 100 patients with thoracotomy. Methods From November 2016 to January 2017, 50 patients with thoracic surgery were selected as the control group, and from February to June 2017, 50 patients with thoracotomy were assigned to the experimental group. The control group were given postoperative rehabilitation guidance according to the routine nursing care, while the experimental group received standardized respiratory health education and breathing exercises such as slow and deep respiration, pursed lips breathing, cough training, respiratory training apparatus and so on. The differences of pulmonary function, circulation function and complications after operation were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistical significance in the differences of vital capacity (VC) , forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) , forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) , maximum ventilatory volume (MVV) and respiratory rate between the two group before operation (P>0.05) . After operation, VC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and MVV of both groups were significantly decreased, and the respiratory rate increased significantly (P 0.05) . After operation, MAP and heart rate increased, SaO2 decreased in both groups (P<0.05) , and MAP and heart rate of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group, SaO2 higher than the control group (P<0.05) . There was 1 case of postoperative atelectasis in the experimental group, with a complication incidence rate 2.00%. There were 3 cases of pulmonary infection, 3 cases of pulmonary atelectasis and 2 cases of respiratory failure. The complication incidence rate was 16.00%, thus the incidence of pulmonary complications after surgery in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusions Respiratory training can promote the recovery of pulmonary function and circulatory function in patients after thoracotomy, and reduce the incidence of complications. It is worth promotion in clinical practice. Key words: Thoracic surgical procedures; Respiratory therapy; Pulmonary circulation; Respiratory function test; Complications; Postoperative recovery

Effect of respiratory training device on reducing postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with gastric cancer

Objective To investigate the effect of respiratory training apparatus on reducing pulmonary complications in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery. Methods From March 2015 to October 2016, 265 cases of radical gastrectomy were performed, 134 cases in the control group, 131 cases in the experimental group. The control group received routine pulmonary care, and the experimental group used respiratory training apparatus for respiratory exercises. The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications and postoperative hospital stay were compared between the 2 groups. Results The incidence of pulmonary complications was 9.7% (13/134) in the control group, 3.1% (4/131) in experimental group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.88, P<0.05). The postoperative hospitalization was (10.66 ± 3.38) d in experimental group, (13.66 ± 6.80) d in control group, there was statistical significant differences (t=4.53, P<0.01). Conclusions The use of breathing apparatus to train lung function can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications and shorten the postoperative hospital stay in patients with gastric cancer. Key words: Stomach neoplasms; Surgery; Respiratory training

Effects of Respiratory Training on Heart Rate Variability and Baroreflex Sensitivity in Individuals With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of pressure threshold respiratory training (RT) on heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity in persons with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). DesignBefore-after intervention case-controlled clinical study. SettingSCI research center and outpatient rehabilitation unit. ParticipantsParticipants (N=44) consisted of persons with chronic SCI ranging from C2 to T11 who participated in RT (n=24), and untrained control subjects with chronic SCI ranging from C2 to T9 (n=20). InterventionsA total of 21±2 RT sessions performed 5 days a week during a 4-week period using a combination of pressure threshold inspiratory and expiratory devices. Main Outcome MeasuresForced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure and heart rate changes during the 5-second-long maximum expiratory pressure maneuver (5s MEP) and the sit-up orthostatic stress test, acquired before and after the RT program. ResultsIn contrast to the untrained controls, individuals in the RT group experienced significantly increased FVC and FEV1 (both P<.01) in association with improved quality of sleep, cough, and speech. Sympathetically (phase II) and parasympathetically (phase IV) mediated baroreflex sensitivity both significantly (P<.05) increased during the 5s MEP. During the orthostatic stress test, improved autonomic control over heart rate was associated with significantly increased sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation (low- and high-frequency change: P<.01 and P<.05, respectively). ConclusionsInspiratory-expiratory pressure threshold RT is a promising technique to positively affect both respiratory and cardiovascular dysregulation observed in persons with chronic SCI.

The effect of instrumented respiratory training on the respiration of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective To explore the effectiveness of a respiratory function training instrument with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Methods Sixty-seven COPD patients in the stable period were randomly divided into a treatment group of 36 and a control group of 31 using a random number table. Both groups were given conventional pulmonary rehabilitation, including half-closed lip respiration, abdominal respiration and upper limb training. The treatment group was additionally provided with 30 minutes of respiratory training using a respiration function training instrument 5 times per week for 6 months. Both groups were assessed for their mobility, life quality and pulmonary function using the 6-minute walk test (6 MWT), a COPD assessment test (CAT), the BODE index, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and surface electromyography (SEMG) of the respiratory muscles before and after the 6-month intervention. Results Before the treatment there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of any of the measurements. After the treatment, significant improvement was observed in the average 6 MWT, CAT, BODE index and SEMG results in both groups, but with significantly greater improvement in the treatment group. The average FVC and FEV1 results did not improve significantly, so after the intervention there was still no significant difference between the groups. Conclusions Respiratory training using the pulmonary function training instrument can improve the mobility, life quality and the functioning of the respiratory muscles of COPD patients in the stable period. Key words: Pulmonary function; Respiration training instruments; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Pulmonary rehabilitation; Respiratory muscles

Respiratory muscle training on the rehabilitation of patients undergoing cardiothoracic and abdominal surgery: a Meta-analysis

Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of respiratory muscle training by using respiratory muscle training device on rehabilitation of people undergoing cardiothoracic and abdominal surgery. Methods The relevant randomized controlled trials were searched in the databases of the CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, EBSCO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, VIP. The quality of studies was critically appraised and data were extracted by two reviewers independently, a meta-analysis was conducted for the included studies. Results Finally 12 randomized controlled trial involving 1 060 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that respiratory muscle training device could improve respiratory muscle strength [SMD=0.70, 95% CI (0.15-1.24)]; improved lung function [forced vital capacity: SMD=0.48, 95%CI (0.10-0.87); inspiratory capacity: SMD=0.55, 95% CI (0.07-1.04)]; improve; effectively reduced postoperative pulmonary complications [OR=0.21, 95% CI: (0.15-0.31)]; shorten the length of hospital stays [SMD= -0.52, 95% CI (-0.87- -0.16)], all P< 0.05. Conclusions The application of respiratory muscle training with respiratory muscle device could promote the rehabilitation of patients undergoing cardiothoracic and abdominal surgery. Key words: Meta-analysis; Respiratory muscle training; Cardiothoracic surgery; Chest surgery; Abdominal surgery

Effect of respiratory muscle training on respiratory function in subacute stroke patients

Objective To investigate the effect of respiratory muscle training on respiratory function in stroke patients at subacute stage. Methods Fifty subacute stroke patients with a first ever ischemic cerebrovascular accident were randomly allocated to a training group (n=25) and a control group (n=25). All of the subjects received routine therapy for stroke rehabilitation twice daily, 6 days weekly for 3 weeks. In addition, the training group received respiratory muscle training besides the conventional stroke rehabilitation. Arterial blood gases, lung ventilation, respiratory muscle strength, the scores of Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) of the upper and lower limbs, and Barthel index were measured in two groups. In addition, pulmonary infection and stroke recurrence at 3 months follow-up were also recorded. Results After three months of intervention, PaO2,forced vital capacity (FVC), force expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax), maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax), the scores of FMA and BI in two groups were significantly increased (P 0.05). Moreover, the pulmonary infection as shown by 3 months follow-up occurred more frequently in the control group (P 0.05). Conclusion The respiratory muscle training effectively improved the respiratory muscle strength, the arterial oxygen pressure and pulmonary function, and reduced pulmonary infection at 3 months follow-up in subacute stroke patients. Key words: Stroke; Respiratory function; Respiratory muscle; Motor function; Pulmonary infection

Effect of respiratory muscle training on quality of life and pulmonary function of patients with connective tissue diseases associated interstitial lung

Objective To observe the influence of respiratory muscle training on quality of life and pulmonary function of patients with connective tissue diseases associated interstitial lung disease （CTD-ILD）. Methods A total of 120 patients with CTD-ILD from June 2011 to December 2012 were randomly classified into the control group and the observation group , with 60 cases in each group .The control group was treated with routine nursing care , while the observation group was treated with breathing exercises .The life quality between the two groups was compared using the 36-item short form health survey questionnaire （ SF-36 ） .The lung function, such as vital capacity （VC）, total lung capacity （TLC） and diffusing capacity of CO （DLCO） before and after treatment, were recorded.Results After the respiratory muscle training , the scores of SF-36 in the observation group was significantly higher compared with those in the control group （t=2.52,3.42,7.93,4.33, 2.38, respectively;P〈0.05）.After the functional training of the respiratory muscles , VC, TL and DLCO/Pred in the observation group were （2.8 ±0.04）L, （3.0 ±0.06）L and （5.5 ±0.94）%, which were significantly better than （2.6 ±0.04）L, （2.8 ±0.03）L and （72.3 ±0.64）%in the control group （t=2.28,2.51,2.85, respectively;P〈0.05）.Conclusions Nursing intervention of airway management and functional training for the respiratory muscles can improve quality of life and pulmonary function of patients with CTD -ILD. Key words: Quality of life; Connective tissue diseases; Lung disease; Respiratory muscle training

Can walking ability enhance the effectiveness of breathing exercise in children with spastic cerebral palsy?

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare differences in respiratory pressure and pulmonary function and the effectiveness of respiratory feedback training according to walking ability in children with cerebral palsy (CP). [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-three children with spastic CP were enrolled in the final analysis and were divided into an independent walking group (n=12) and non-independent walking group. All children received respiratory feedback training for four weeks. Before and after the training, respiratory muscle strength was measured and a pulmonary function test was performed. [Results] Comparison of respiratory pressure and pulmonary function test results between the two revealed that the independent walking group had significantly higher respiratory function than the other group in all variables except peak expiratory flow. In comparison of changes in respiratory function between the two groups, the independent walking group showed significantly higher improvement of respiratory function in terms of maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, and forced vital capacity. [Conclusion] These findings showed that children with independent walking ability had better respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function compared with children without independent walking ability. Understanding respiratory function and the effectiveness of respiratory training according to walking ability will be valuable clinical information for respiratory assessment and therapy in children with CP.

Effect of respiratory functional training on quality of life of elderly patients with stable COPD

Objective To investigate the impact of respiratory functional training on the quality of life (QOL) of elderly patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods 100 stable COPD elderly patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group,50 patients in each group.The control group with used routine care,the observation group was given active training in respiratory function on the basis of conventional care.Reaulta The QOL of the patients in the two groups before the intervention showed no significant difference(P＞ 0.05).and the QOL of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group (P＜0.05) after the intervention.Treated patients after the intervention FEVl,FEVl/FVC,FEVl/ ex pected values improved significantly (P＜0.05); while the control group improved.but did not reach signfficant changes (P＞0.05).Conclusion Respiratory functional training can improve the QOL of elderly patients with stable COPD and improve lung function,worthy of clinical application. Key words: Respiratory functional training; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); Elderly; Quality of life(QOL)

The nursing intervention of respiratory training combined with seretide treating III, IV grade stable COPD patients

Objective To observe the effect of respiratory training combined with seretide treating Ⅲ,Ⅳ grade stable COPD patients and the nursing intervention.Methods A total of 50 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients were randomly divided into seretide treatment group (A group) and respiratory training combined seretide group (B group),25 patients in each group.Before and 3 months after treatment,pulmonary function and clinical symptoms were observed.Results In group B after 3 months after treatment,lung function FEV1,FEV1/FVC,FEV1 percentage of predicted value accounting were significantly improved than those of control group ( P ＜0.05).Conclusions Respiratory training combined with seretide can not only improve lung function,but also improve the quality of lifeand prognosis,reduce the financial burden of patients; Detail and good nursing is the key to therapy success. Key words: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Respiratory training; Seretide; Nursing intervention

The effect of the synthesized respiratory training on the patient's lung function who receives three-field radical operation of esophageal carcinoma

Objective To evaluate the results of synthesized respiratory training before operation on lung function. Methods Seventy cases of patients who received three -field radical operation of esophageal carcinoma, were doing respiratory training during the period from the day of admission to the day before the operation, in order to observe the changes of lung function. Results After the training, the vital capacity (VC) , forced vital capacity (FVC) , inspiratory capacity (IC) and maximal ventilatory volume (MVV) had been obviously improved (P < 0. 01 ) . Conclusions The synthesized respiratory training can improve the patients'lung function and the tolerance of three - field radical operation of esophageal carcinoma. Key words: Synthesized respiratory training; Lung function; Three-field radical operation