Price Effects Research Articles

THE EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY AND PRICE ON PURCHASE DECISIONS AT D'CREPES PONDOK INDAH MALL SOUTH JAKARTA

This study aims to analyze the effect of service quality and price on consumer purchase decisions at D'Crepes Pondok Indah Mall, South Jakarta. The research employs a quantitative method with an associative approach, where service quality and price serve as independent variables, and purchase decisions act as the dependent variable. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents. The findings indicate that both service quality and price significantly influence consumer purchase decisions, both partially and simultaneously. Simple linear regression analysis reveals that service quality has a strong impact on purchase decisions, while price also exerts a considerable influence. Additionally, multiple linear regression confirms that service quality and price together have a very strong correlation with purchase decisions, accounting for 76.4% of the variation in consumer behavior. This research emphasizes the importance of providing high-quality service and setting appropriate prices to improve consumer purchase decisions. However, the study acknowledges several limitations, including the restricted number of variables analyzed and the sole use of questionnaires for data collection. Further studies are recommended to explore additional factors such as location, promotion, and brand image, and to expand the sample size for broader insights.

The Influence of Price and Promotion on Purchasing Decisions in the Shopee Marketplace

This study aims to determine and analyse: the effect of price on purchasing decisions; the effect of promotion on purchasing decisions; and the effect of price and promotion on purchasing decisions. This type of research is quantitative research with a causal associative approach. The study sample consisted of 70 respondents aged 20 – 25 in Makassar. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques are carried out after data from all respondents or other data sources are collected with analytical activities including test prerequisite analysis and hypothesis testing (multiple linear regression). Through instrument and data quality tests (validity test and reliability test), classic assumption tests (normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, autocorrelation test), multiple linear regression test, t-test, F test, coefficient of determination. The results of the study show that: price had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions in marketplace Shopee with a significance value is 0,000 > 0,05; promotion had a positive and significant effect on buying decisions in marketplace Shopee with a significance value is 0,008 > 0,05; and overall, price and promotion had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions in marketplace Shopee with significance value is 0,000 > 0,05..

Price, Marketing Communications and E-commerce Services on Consumer Purchase Intention in Online Shopping

General Background: The rise of technology and internet use has significantly influenced shopping behaviors in Indonesia, particularly with the growth of online shopping. Specific Background: Factors such as price, marketing communication, and e-commerce services are essential in shaping consumer purchasing decisions in this digital space. Knowledge Gap: Limited research has examined the combined impact of these variables on online purchase intentions. Aims: This study investigates the effects of price, marketing communication, and e-commerce services on consumer purchasing intentions. Results: Using a quantitative approach with 96 respondents, the analysis reveals that all independent variables significantly influence consumer purchase intentions in online shopping. Novelty: This research integrates multiple influencing factors into a single study, emphasizing their collective impact. Implications: Findings indicate that e-commerce platforms should focus on competitive pricing, effective marketing strategies, and quality services to enhance consumer purchase intentions, contributing to a thriving online retail environment. Highlights: Significant Influence: Price, marketing communication, and e-commerce services collectively impact consumer purchasing decisions in online shopping. Research Gap: This study fills the void by examining the combined effects of multiple factors on purchase intentions. Strategic Implications: E-commerce platforms should prioritize competitive pricing and effective marketing strategies to boost consumer engagement and sales. Keywords: Price, Marketing Communication, E-Commerce Services, Consumer Purchase Intention, Online Shopping

Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Industrie und Energiepreise

Abstract The rise in energy prices in 2021/22 put the competitiveness of Austrian manufacturing industry to the test. Model-based simulations and an enterprise survey were carried out to analyze the medium-term effects of high energy prices. The results show that the cost disadvantages in international competition induced by energy price increases will lead to a decline in industrial production and employment in the medium term and increase the risk of relocation of energy-intensive production.

THE INFLUENCE OF STORE IMAGE DIMENSIONS ON PURCHASE INTENTION AT STARBUCKS IN EAST JAVA MODERATED BY MERCHANDISE

This research aims to examine the effect of store image dimensions on the purchase intention at Starbucks in East Java moderated by merchandise. The store image dimensions used are price, customer service, and store atmosphere. This is an explanatory research that describes the status of all the variables using a quantitative approach. The population of this research consists of Starbucks in East Java customers. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling method. The data source for this research is primary data obtained directly from respondents through an online questionnaire. Data were collected via Google Forms, resulting in 230 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Square analysis with SmartPLS software version 3.29. The results of the study show: price has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, customer service has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, store atmosphere has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, merchandise does not moderate the effect of price on purchase intention, merchandise does not moderate the effect of customer service on purchase intention, merchandise does not moderate the effect of store atmosphere on purchase intention.

Effect of Transfer Pricing on Corporation Tax Compliance Among Multinational Corporations in Nairobi Kenya

Purpose: Tax is a compulsory contribution that is made by the citizens of a country to the government for the provision of public utilities. It is evident from the National Tax Policy, 2024 that the Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) and the government at large have recently shown a lot of interest in multinationals due to the complexity of their operations and the tendency for them to come up with complex tax avoidance mechanisms. This has also been complicated by the widespread abuse of transfer pricing models adopted when dealing with multinational corporations operating in Kenya. This study looked into effect of transfer pricing on corporate tax compliance among multinational corporation companies in Kenya. The study was guided by the following theories, AS theory, the Slippery Slope Framework, and the theory of the planned behavior. Methodology: The study employed an explanatory research design. The target population was 221 multinational corporations’ companies and a sample size of 142 respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data and analysis was descriptive statistics include frequency, percentage, and mean while inferential statistics included correlation and multiple regression. Results: The study findings found out most companies in Nairobi, Kenya have transfer pricing policies that are moderately but not adequately in line with domestic tax statutes. Most companies will use transfer pricing as a tool to reduce their tax liabilities. Further, KRA is moderately but not adequately efficient in monitoring and regulating transfer pricing practices in our company. Conclusion: The study results concluded that transfer pricing affects corporation tax compliance Based on the findings, the study recommends there is a need for exchange of information and more international collaborative efforts from a policy, legal, and academic front to address aggressive tax avoidance practices from MNCs. Therefore, future studies can be conducted on the impact of Dispute resolution mechanism on corporation tax performance.

The Effect of Transfer Pricing and Other Factors on Tax Aggressiveness

This research was conducted with the aim of obtaining empirical evidence regarding the effect of transfer pricing, capital intensity, inventory intensity, profitability, leverage, liquidity, and firm size on tax aggressiveness. This type of research is quantitative research using secondary data sources obtained from the company's financial statements. The population used in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2019-2021 period. In this study, the sampling technique used was the purposive sampling method with 6 predetermined research criteria so that a total sample of 47 companies or 141 research data was obtained. The data analysis technique in this study used multiple regression analysis to test the hypothesis using the SPSS 25 application. The results of the analysis of this study indicate that the variable profitability has a significant negative effect on tax aggressiveness and firm size has a significant positive effect on tax aggressiveness. Meanwhile, transfer pricing, capital intensity, inventory intensity, leverage and liquidity have no effect on tax aggressiveness.

The Effect of Price and Product Quality on Purchase Decisions Among Economic Education Students

This type of research uses quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The sample used was 60 respondents from students of the 2020 and 2021 generations of Economic Education. Data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study showed the results of the T test for the price variable with a significance value of 0.003 < 0.05 and the calculated t count of 3.139 > t table = 2.002. Then it can be concluded that the price partially has a significant effect on the purchase decision. T test results for product quality variables with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 and the value of t count = 4.502 > t table = 2.002. It can be concluded that the quality of the product is partially a significant influence on purchasing decisions. F test calculation results obtained significance value 0.001 < 0.05 and the value of f count = 47.934 > f table = 3.156. Then it can be concluded that the price and quality of the product simultaneously have a significant effect on the purchase decision. Test results coefficient R Square (R2) of 0.627, it can be concluded that the influence of price and product quality on purchasing decisions is equal to 62.7%. While the remaining 37.3% were influenced by other variables that were not studied in this study.

An exploratory research on bioplastic use in Nigeria: employing a green nudge approach

Bioplastics serve as good alternatives to conventional plastics, but their production and adoption globally remain generally low. This paper sought to determine the consumer preference for bioplastics due to the urgent need for an invention on plastic pollution in Nigeria. This was achieved by employing green nudges on consumers' choice experiments on bioplastic products. The study used a sample size of 327 respondents employing the snowball sampling approach. We discovered that there was high preference heterogeneity among respondents probably due to cultural diversity and attitudinal differences. Moreover, respondents preferred to stick with their preferences instead of opting for a change in their decisions. This may have been because Nigerians are known to be brand loyalists. Our results showed that the Text treatment group thought that bioplastic labels were innovative and useful compared to the control group. This perception was probably because of the concise text on the advantages of bioplastics. We conclude that although respondents were exposed to various green nudges, there was little effect of the green nudges on their purchasing decisions. We recommend that further studies be carried out to understand why price effect was not effective in Nigeria against theory and as compared to developed countries.

Cyclinaclity Effects of Exchange Rates and Oil Prices

Understanding the concept of time scales is crucial when modeling economic and financial decisions. Within the time-frequency domain, this study delves into the relationship between fluctuations in oil prices and exchange rates across major oil-importing and exporting countries. The investigation employs various cross-wavelet techniques within the continuous wavelet transform framework, with a particular focus on wavelet coherence and phase-difference over the period 2000 to 2020. The results underscore a notable diversity in the connection between the oscillations of oil prices and exchange rates across diverse countries. This relationship is subject to temporal variations and is contingent upon the specific time horizon under consideration. In particular, our analysis reveals strong co-movements between oil prices and exchange rates across various time intervals and frequencies. Importing oil countries like New Zealand, Singapore, Brazil, and Taiwan exhibit particularly pronounced co-movements. Similarly, exporting oil countries such as Kuwait, Mexico, Russia, and Canada also display strong associations between oil prices and exchange rates. These correlations are intricately tied to key macroeconomic events, further highlighting the complex interplay between oil prices and exchange rate movements in different global regions. While a robust connection is evident in numerous countries, the strength of the relationship appears significantly weaker in several others. This variance underscores the nuanced nature of the association between the fluctuations in oil prices and exchange rates across the global landscape.

ANALYSIS OF SERVICE USAGE DECISIONS AND BRAND IMAGE ENHANCEMENT AT COURTESY AGENTS IN BATAM CITY

Marketing strategies have to evolve to increase service usage decisions and the company's brand image. In previous studies, it was stated that digital marketing, price, and trust were proven to influence service usage decisions and brand image. This study also aims to examine the effect of digital marketing, price, and trust on service usage decisions and brand image at Courtesy Agents, so that Courtesy Agents management can develop the right strategy to increase customers and brand image. By using quantitative methods and SmartPLS to analyze data obtained through questionnaires with respondents who are customers of Courtesy Agents services in making work permits for foreign workers, this study obtained the results that it is true and proven that digital marketing, price, and trust have a positive and significant effect on service usage decisions and brand image at Courtesy Agents, except for the price variable which has no significant effect on brand image.

The Painful Double-Knock on Food Prices: 2008 Financial Crises and COVID-19 Pandemic

Food supply and demand chains are susceptible to global shocks. Unstable and sudden food price hikes cause serious malnutrition problems and increase the number of food-insecure people, especially in developing countries. Using the FAO Food Price Index (FFPI), this study makes one of the first attempts to utilize monthly observations of the FFPI in dynamic time series ARDL and ARX settings to identify the effects of food prices on COVID-19 infection rates and the 2008 global financial crisis. Our empirical findings confirm that the financial crisis significantly increased the FFPI, although its effects decreased as markets equilibrated between 2007 and 2009. The pandemic has had a mild impact on food prices in the short run compared to the 2008 crisis, but in the long run, the COVID-19 outbreak has a larger impact, with 1 million new COVID-19 infections associated with an increase of between 0.0464 and 0.0509 points in the FFPI. Food price volatility and hikes, even if short-term, increase poverty, malnutrition, and food insecurity, foster social unrest, and lower people’s living standards. This research implies that food prices are globally sensitive to both pandemics and financial crises, and the severity of the pandemic can drive global food prices higher, depending on the number of infections. Over the long run, the impact of the outbreak surpasses that of the financial crisis. The latter tends to have a major impact on food prices in the short run but subsequently declines as markets begin to equilibrate, reflecting asymmetries between the two phenomena in their effects on food prices. Overall, the results indicate that the financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic had a short-run, immediate, augmenting impact on food prices. However, while the 2008 crisis affected the supply side only, COVID-19 had impacts on both the demand and supply sides.

Oil prices and the renewable energy transition: Empirical evidence from China

This paper explores the effect of oil price, gross domestic product (GDP), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions on renewable energy consumption in China from 1990 to 2020, utilizing the canonical cointegrating regression (CCR) method. The findings indicate that the oil price, GDP and CO2 emissions positively and significantly affect renewable energy consumption over the examined time frame. Numerically, a 1% increase in oil prices, GDP, and CO2 emissions results in a 0.16%, 0.39%, and 1.70% increase in renewable energy consumption, respectively. The positive effect of oil prices on renewable energy consumption can be seen as the cost advantage of renewable energy, which may grow with rising oil prices, leading to a rise in its adoption. The study underscores the significance of promoting renewable energy usage, emphasizing the need for policies that aid energy security and environmental sustainability.

Pengaruh Produk, Harga, Tempat, dan Kualitas Layanan Islami Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian di Omah Dewe Malang

This study aims to determine the effect of Islamic product, price, place, and service quality on purchasing decisions at omah dewe Malang. This study used a quantitative approach to the research subjects of omah dewe Malang customers. The analysis tool in this study was to use smartPLS 4.0 software using SEM (structural equation modeling) analysis. The respondents in this study were 150 respondents in omah dewe Malang. The results of this study indicate that Islamic products, prices, places, and service quality have a significant effect on purchasing decisions at omah dewe Malang.

Strategic investments and portfolio management in interdependent low-carbon electricity and natural gas markets

Addressing global warming necessitates carbon emissions reduction and renewable energy integration within the energy sector. Gas-Fired Power Plants (GFPP) are appealing to investors due to their low emissions and operational flexibility, which are considered necessary characteristics within low-carbon power systems with increasing renewable energy uncertainty. Investing in GFPPs presents intricate challenges due to the increasingly interdependent electricity and natural gas markets, especially in the light of a low-carbon economy. This work addresses these challenges for a strategic agent by proposing a bi-level optimization framework. The upper-level model derives the optimal electricity portfolio management regarding new investments and strategic biddings, while in the lower-level model, the electricity and gas markets are cleared sequentially under a Carbon Emission Trading Scheme (CETS). Case studies on a Pennsylvania-New Jersey- Maryland (PJM) 5-bus power system and an IEEE 24-bus test system demonstrate the applicability and efficacy of the proposed model in capturing the impact of a transitional integrated market framework on GFPPs investments. Also, introducing stochasticity to the model provides a better insight into the contrasting effects of emission allowance trading and gas prices on investment and bidding strategies.

The effect of hydrocarbon prices and CO2 emission taxes on drainage strategies

Secondary recovery methods, such as water and gas injection, are effective and cost-efficient techniques for enhancing hydrocarbon recovery; however, they are highly energy-intensive, leading to a large environmental footprint. This study provides insights into the challenge of balancing high hydrocarbon demand with the imperative to reduce CO2 emissions from production by estimating how drainage strategies change under varying economic parameters and CO2 tax levels. An operator’s choice of drainage strategy is assumed to be the drainage strategy yielding the highest net present value (NPV). This paper simulates the drainage strategy of an under-saturated oil reservoir, utilizing reservoir simulations and incorporating a mathematical model that represents the production processing plant. This yields hydrocarbon production, the energy required, and the resulting CO2 emissions, all incorporated into an NPV based on hydrocarbon prices and CO2 emission taxes. The drainage strategy is then optimized to maximize NPV for various hydrocarbon prices and several levels of CO2 tax on associated emissions. The findings of this study indicate that increasing gas prices favor reducing reservoir pressure below the bubble point pressure, thereby releasing solution gas and leaving oil in the reservoir. Although lower reservoir pressure reduces the energy required for injection, the resulting increase in gas production necessitates more energy for gas compression, ultimately leading to higher emissions when gas prices rise relative to oil prices. Additionally, this study reveals that for facilities well designed for the present injection and production volumes (greenfield scenarios), the impact of CO2 tax is limited, leading to a single optimal drainage strategy. In contrast, less energy-efficient facilities (brownfield scenarios) exhibit a more pronounced need to optimize drainage strategies in response to variation in CO2 tax, and oil and gas prices. This study indicates that for fields with efficient production facilities, the ratio of gas to oil prices is more important for the drainage strategy than CO2 tax levels, as income from production tends to dominate emission taxes. This implies that hydrocarbon prices are more important for CO2 intensity than CO2 taxes, e.g., a gas price increase relative to oil price promotes higher CO2 intensity due to a shift towards more energy-intensive gas production whereas realistic tax levels for CO2 emissions have only a minor impact. Thus, increasing CO2 tax levels is mainly a measure impacting emissions from fields with inefficient production facilities.

Measuring Price Effects from Disasters Using Public Data: A Case Study of Hurricane Ian

Natural disasters can disrupt housing markets, causing destruction to communities and distress to economic activity. To estimate the effects of disasters on home prices, publicly available data on property damages are often used to classify “treated” properties. However, by design, these data lack precise geospatial information, leading to measurement error in the treatment variable because aggregate measures must be used. We leverage leading difference-in-differences and synthetic control methodologies across various treatments and levels of geography to measure price effects with such data following Hurricane Ian’s unexpected landfall in Southwest Florida during September 2022, coinciding with the state’s initial recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Empirical results suggest positive, time-varying price effects, though we place caveats on these results because there may be many mechanisms underway; our results should be interpreted as descriptive correlations and not causal effects for various reasons. Our main contribution is methodological, highlighting the importance of robustness checks, functional form, statistical techniques, and testing across different samples. Additionally, quicker access to high-quality public data could enhance quantitatively informed conversations on natural disaster effects.

Unraveling the effect of electricity price on electric vehicle charging behavior: A case study in Shenzhen, China

Estimating price elasticity of demand for electric vehicle charging contributes to the accurate determination of charging price, thereby improving electric vehicle adoption and energy sustainability. However, few studies have studied the impact of electricity price on electric vehicle charging behavior, especially the demand spillover effect caused by price fluctuations. To fill the gaps, on a citywide dataset of public charging piles in Shenzhen, China, first, correlation coefficients and hypothesis tests are used to determine the relationship between charging demand and price. A learning model incorporating two-layer graph attention, temporal pattern attention, and knowledge-embedded meta-learning is developed for accurate spatio-temporal regression. Impulse response analysis is conducted to unravel several noteworthy phenomena: (1) public charging demand is inelastic to electricity price, with an average elasticity of −0.76, and distinction between different functional areas and times is revealed; (2) negative price impulses marginally change the elasticity, while positive ones make electric vehicle charging users more price sensitive, and (3) the spillover effects caused by price increases and decreases bring 89.48% and 53.88% of its local demand changes to neighbors, respectively, with a scope of 3.45 kilometer. These findings provide policy implications for promoting electric vehicle charging to facilitate renewable energy transition.

Bid evaluation with distortionary scaling in multidimensional procurement auctions

ABSTRACT Construction projects are often procured through multidimensional auctions, in which suppliers bid on both price and non-price attributes such as quality. In Korea, a unique scaling method is employed to differentiate bids, adjusting scores to ensure a sufficient point difference between adjacent quality bids. This scaling method aims to enhance the discriminating power of the scoring system and attract more sophisticated project designs. However, it may distort overall bid rankings and lead to inefficient contract allocation. The added uncertainty may incentivize suppliers to inflate their prices, as the effect of price on winning probability decreases with the scaling factor. Using Korean procurement data, I analyse cases of rank reversal, and I reveal a tendency among suppliers to bid less aggressively on price when quality differences are magnified, with the effect varying with the level of uncertainty in bid evaluation. This highlights the preference of buyers for a less distortionary scoring system to enhance the value of procurement.

The Effect of Product Quality, Price and Sales Location of Nugin Lamping Tofu on Consumer Satisfaction

Tofu lanting nuggets are one type of snack food that is very popular with the public. Along with increasing consumer awareness of product quality, competition in the lanting tofu market is getting tougher. The focus of the study aims to determine the extent to which "the influence of product quality, price and sales location of Tahu Lamping Nugin" plays a role in influencing the level of customer satisfaction. This research was conducted using quantitative as a research method. Meanwhile, data collection was carried out involving questionnaire surveys and other literature studies. After the data was collected, it was analyzed using the regression test using SPSS software. The conclusion from the results of the research analysis shows that product quality, price and sales location of Lamping Nugin Tahu have an effect on customer satisfaction. In an effort to achieve an optimal level of customer satisfaction, companies need to focus on maintaining and improving product quality and determining prices that remain balanced with the value offered. Meanwhile, the sales location is still important to attract consumer interest, but this needs to be balanced by offering products of good quality and reasonable prices.