Effect Of Potential Research Articles

(366) Potential Effectiveness of Focused Vibration Treatment for Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction: A Case Series

Abstract Introduction The current non-pharmacological treatment of psychogenic erectile dysfunction (pED) is based on cognitive-behavioral interventions that often involve the participation of the partner, such as desensitization procedures, sensory focusing, and couples counseling. However, it is important to note that in many cases, patients may not have a stable partner or their partner cannot participate in the treatment. The application of local mechanical vibration has shown promising results in increasing skin blood flow and nitric oxide production in healthy young adults. The relaxation of smooth muscle in the penis initiates and maintains an erection. The local release of nitric oxide from autonomic dilator nerves and vascular endothelium is crucial in initiating and sustaining this process. Technological advances have allowed the design of vibrating devices that men can use during sexual encounters. Objective To determine if the on-demand use of a focused vibration device can increase blood flow and promote relaxation of erectile tissue to improve erectile function in patients with pED. Methods Seven sexually active men diagnosed with pED based on criteria for Erectile Disorder from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) and without a stable partner, were instructed to use a vibrating device called TENUTO II during their sexual encounters for duration of 8 weeks. This device generates focal vibrations on the penis and the perineal area in intervals of 10 seconds of vibration followed by 10 seconds of pause, with a frequency of 50Hz and an amplitude of 2mm. The five-item Spanish version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire was used to assess symptoms before and after the procedure and the Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS) questionnaire was used for evaluating satisfaction with treatment. Results After the using the device, all patients enrolled with a mean age of 36.1 years (range 28-45) experienced an improvement in erectile function, mean IIEF-5 score pretreatment was 11(range 5–13) mean posttreatment IIEF score was 20 (range 18-27). No adverse effects were reported during the treatment. Conclusions This case series suggests that use of an on-demand focused vibration device could be a potentially effective and safe therapeutic option for men with pED. However, further studies with a larger number of participants and a more rigorous research design are needed to confirm these preliminary findings. Disclosure Yes, this is sponsored by industry/sponsor: MysteryVibe. Clarification: Industry funding only - investigator initiated and executed study. Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Mysteryvibe.

Single-Pole Polarization Models: Rapid Evaluation of Electron Affinities of Solvated-Electron and Superatomic Molecular Anionic States.

We propose a single-parameter effective one-particle potential, termed the single-pole exchange-correlation (1p-XC), to rapidly evaluate electron affinities (EAs) of nonvalence electronic states of molecular clusters and nanoassemblies. The model combines exact-exchange and the random phase approximation (RPA) correlation potential with a single-pole approximation to model the frequency-dependent polarization function. It captures long-range static and dynamic-frequency effects in the correlation potential, with mean absolute errors of 0.06 eV for EAs of hydrated- and ammoniated-electron clusters with EA values in the range 0.24-1.77 eV. The 1p-XC approximation enables EA estimation with a computational wall-time similar to that of hybrid functionals. The model also provides a compressed-basis, which significantly reduces the rank of higher-level parameter-free one-particle Hamiltonians and further simplifies the computation of EAs. The compressed-basis approach is used to model the hybridization of superatomic molecular states of (C60)2- and (C60)3-, thereby verifying previous model Hamiltonian studies.

Higher-order shear deformation theory for accurate prediction of vibration behavior of thick piezoelectric disks and design of efficient surface electrodes

A modified higher-order shear deformation plate theory (MHSDT) is proposed to predict the resonance frequencies and related mode shapes of piezoelectric disks of various thicknesses. The theory explicitly accounts for the effects of the electrical potential on the displacement of the disk. The equations of motion for the disk are derived using Hamilton's principle in conjunction with a variational approach. It is shown analytically that the distribution of the electrical field on the surface of the disk is quantitatively similar to the distribution of the sum of the total stresses within the disk. Thus, the deformation of the disk can be approximated directly from the stress distribution on the disk, thereby greatly simplifying the solution process. The validity of the proposed MHSDT is confirmed by comparing the solutions for the natural frequencies, displacement fields, and electric field distributions of the disk for various radius-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions with those obtained using Reddy’s third-order plate theory and COMSOL finite element simulations, respectively. The results show that the solutions obtained from the MHSDT method are consistently closer to the exact solutions than those determined using Reddy’s third-order method. Finally, the linear relationship between the electric field and the flexural displacement of the disk is leveraged to design surface electrodes capable of exciting specific flexural mode shapes of the disk under a free boundary condition. The efficiency of the designed electrodes is experimentally demonstrated using an amplitude-fluctuation electronic speckle pattern interferometer (AF-ESPI).

Gene signatures to therapeutics: Assessing the potential of ivermectin against t(4;14) multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a terminal differentiated B-cell tumor disease characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells and excessive levels of monoclonal immunoglobulins in the bone marrow. The translocation, (t)(4;14), results in high-risk MM with limited treatment alternatives. Thus, there is an urgent need for identification and validation of potential treatments for this MM subtype. Microarray data and sequencing information from public databases could offer opportunities for the discovery of new diagnostic or therapeutic targets. To elucidate the molecular basis and search for potential effective drugs of t(4;14) MM subtype by employing a comprehensive approach. The transcriptional signature of t(4;14) MM was sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Two datasets, GSE16558 and GSE116294, which included 17 and 15 t(4;14) MM bone marrow samples, and five and four normal bone marrow samples, respectively. After the differentially expressed genes were identified, the Cytohubba tool was used to screen for hub genes. Then, the hub genes were analyzed using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. Using the STRING database and Cytoscape, protein-protein interaction networks and core targets were identified. Potential small-molecule drugs were identified and validated using the Connectivity Map database and molecular docking analysis, respectively. In this study, a total of 258 differentially expressed genes with enriched functions in cancer pathways, namely cytokine receptor interactions, nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway, lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, and Hippo signaling pathway, were identified. Ten hub genes (cd45, vcam1, ccl3, cd56, app, cd48, btk, ccr2, cybb, and cxcl12) were identified. Nine drugs, including ivermectin, deforolimus, and isoliquiritigenin, were predicted by the Connectivity Map database to have potential therapeutic effects on t (4;14) MM. In molecular docking, ivermectin showed strong binding affinity to all 10 identified targets, especially cd45 and cybb. Ivermectin inhibited t(4;14) MM cell growth via the NF-κB pathway and induced MM cell apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, ivermectin increased reactive oxygen species accumulation and altered the mitochondrial membrane potential in t(4;14) MM cells. Collectively, the findings offer valuable molecular insights for biomarker validation and potential drug development in t(4;14) MM diagnosis and treatment, with ivermectin emerging as a potential therapeutic alternative.

Analysis of coated samples containing hydroxyapatite/multiwalled carbon nanotubes on 2205 DSS substrate

For biomedical applications, hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes are currently being applied over duplex stainless steel (DSS) alone in order to increase corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. A composite of hydroxyapatite and multi-walled carbon nanotubes was used to improve biocompatibility, osseointegration, and corrosion resistance on 2205 DSS using electrophoretic deposition. The study investigates the effects of potential and time on the properties of the deposited layer in order to determine electrophoretic deposition factor values that are appropriate. The coating properties and effective groups of the phase resulting from this process are determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The antibacterial properties of E. coli bacterial strains are investigated for the coated layer. The adhesion between the hydroxyapatite and multi-walled carbon nanotube layers on the 2205 duplex stainless steel substrate was qualitatively evaluated using the adhesive tape test. It was found that the optimal suspension, which consists of 65 weight percent hydrogen acetate and 35 weight percent multi-walled carbon nanotubes, had a homogeneous morphology, a thick structure, and no cracks when coated at 50 V for two minutes.

Effects of hyperon potentials and symmetry energy in quark deconfinement

In this letter we discuss how the results of recent nuclear experiments that correspond to measurements at low densities can affect the equation of state at large densities 4: and temperatures, changing the particle composition and ultimately influencing deconfinement to quark matter. In particular, saturation values of the hyperon potentials affect the hyperon content, while the symmetry energy at saturation directly regulates how the stiffness of the equation of state changes with isospin. We make use of a chiral model that describes nucleons, hyperons, and quarks to show how astrophysical conditions, such as the ones in neutron stars, present the ideal ground to study the effects of these two quantities in dense matter. In this case, for small charge fraction/large isospin asymmetry, the couplings that reproduce different symmetry energy slopes can significantly modify deconfinement, with quantitative changes in the critical chemical potential depending on the deconfining potential. On the other hand, different values of the parameter that controls the hyperon potentials 7: (kept within a range close to experimental data) do not affect deconfinement significantly.

Finance as a critical component of successful implementation of creative innovations in the modern economic system

The article examines theoretical approaches to the interpretation of certain concepts of the innovation economy in the context of modern transformations, as well as the effectiveness of financing creative innovations. The authors highlighted the problems of innovation transfer and intellectual property management. The paper analyzed the main innovation activity indicators in selected world countries for 2010-2022. It reveals the correlation between innovation financing and economic performance at the macro level. In addition, the authors summarized the essence of the "creative innovations" and "transfer of innovations" categories. They proposed criteria for assessing the effectiveness of innovation potential and defined their nature. The evaluation testing confirmed the possibility of using the proposed criteria. In particular, the key aspects of the formation of adequate financing of creative innovations include financial analysis of investments and risk assessment, marketing strategy and transfer of innovations, as well as monitoring and evaluation of the results of innovation implementation. The authors developed practical approaches to increase the effect of innovation implementation. These approaches allow economic systems to ensure a high level of transfer organization and implementation.

Photophysical Study on the Effect of the External Potential on NiO-Based Photocathodes.

In the present study, we investigate the effects of the applied external potential on a dye-sensitized NiO photocathode by time-resolved photoluminescence and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy under operating conditions. Instead of the anticipated acceleration of photoinduced hole injection from dye into NiO at a more negative applied potential, we observe that both hole injection and charge recombination are slowed down. We cautiously assign this effect to a variation in OH- ion concentration in the inner Helmholtz plane of the electrochemical double layer with applied potential, warranting further investigation for the realization of efficient solar fuel devices.

Characteristics of non-steady-state chloride migration of self-compacting concrete containing recycled concrete aggregate made of fly ash and silica fume

Chloride migration poses a significant challenge to the long-term durability of concrete structures due to its potential to corrode reinforcement and deteriorate the structure. This study focuses on chloride migration in self-compacting concrete (SCC) made with pozzolans, namely silica fume (SF) and fly ash (FA), along with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). Particularly, the effects of external electrical potential (power-on) duration and RCA content on the features of SCC were examined, alongside the influence of pozzolanic materials, focusing on the chloride migration coefficient and mechanical properties. Six groups of SCC mixtures were created with varying proportions of SF and FA, and different levels of RCA replaced the natural coarse aggregate. The findings reveal a multifaceted impact on SCC behaviour. The chloride migration coefficient exhibits a distinct pattern as the power-on duration increases from 12 to 36 h. Initially, the coefficient increases and then decreases, demonstrating a healing and sealing mechanism within the concrete matrix, which enhances resistance to chloride penetration. The chloride migration coefficient significantly decreased with adding SF and FA. With 15% SF and 30% FA, the coefficient decreased to 59.9% and 49.5%, respectively. Moreover, incorporating RCA in SCC mixtures significantly influences coefficient levels. RCA inclusion at 20% remarkably decreased the coefficient after 12 h by 16.17%. Subsequently, the levels decreased by 39.49% and 46.87% after 24 and 36 h, respectively, compared to the control mixture. This behaviour highlights the importance of RCA in enhancing the resistance of SCC to chloride ingress, a crucial factor for long-term durability. Additionally, mechanical properties such as splitting tensile strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity and surface hardness consistently improved with longer power-on durations and higher RCA and SF content. SCC with RCA and pozzolanic materials exhibits enhanced chloride resistance and superior mechanical performance, making it ideal for sustainable concrete production.

Measurements of Penning-Malmberg trap patch potentials and associated performance degradation

Antiprotons created by laser ionization of antihydrogen are observed to rapidly escape the ALPHA trap. Further, positron plasmas heat more quickly after the trap is illuminated by laser light for several hours. These phenomena can be caused by patch potentials—variations in the electrical potential along metal surfaces. A simple model of the effects of patch potentials explains the particle loss, and an experimental technique using trapped electrons is developed for measuring the electric field produced by the patch potentials. The model is validated by controlled experiments and simulations. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates inflammation in experimental colitis mice by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a complex inflammatory disease of colorectum that induces abnormal immune responses and severely affects the quality of life of the patients. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions in many inflammatory diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of GSPE in UC using a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse UC model and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage model. In this study, we found that the GSPE markedly prevented DSS-induced weight loss and colon length shortening in UC mice. Further investigations showed that GSPE significantly attenuated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, and elevated the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the colon tissues and serum of DSS-induced colitis mice by suppressing NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells was also reversed by GSPE. Taken together, our results confirm that GSPE can ameliorate inflammatory response in experimental colitis via inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. This study advances the research progress on a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel diseases.

External field-driven property localization in liquids of responsive macromolecules.

We explore theoretically the effects of external potentials on the spatial distribution of particle properties in a liquid of explicitly responsive macromolecules. In particular, we focus on the bistable particle size as a coarse-grained internal degree of freedom (DoF, or "property"), σ, that moves in a bimodal energy landscape, in order to model the response of a state-switching (big-to-small) macromolecular liquid to external stimuli. We employ a mean-field density functional theory (DFT) that provides the full inhomogeneous equilibrium distributions of a one-component model system of responsive colloids (RCs) interacting with a Gaussian pair potential. For systems confined between two parallel hard walls, we observe and rationalize a significant localization of the big particle state close to the walls, with pressures described by an exact RC wall theorem. Application of more complex external potentials, such as linear (gravitational), osmotic, and Hamaker potentials, promotes even stronger particle size segregation, in which macromolecules of different size are localized in different spatial regions. Importantly, we demonstrate how the degree of responsiveness of the particle size and its coupling to the external potential tune the position-dependent size distribution. The DFT predictions are corroborated by Brownian dynamics simulations. Our study highlights the fact that particle responsiveness can be used to localize liquid properties and therefore helps to control the property- and position-dependent function of macromolecules, e.g., in biomedical applications.

Probing holographic flat bands at finite density

Flat band electronic systems exhibit a rich landscape of correlation-driven phases, both at the charge neutrality and finite electronic density, featuring exotic electromagnetic and thermodynamic responses. Motivated by these developments, in this paper, we explicitly include the effects of the chemical potential in a holographic model featuring approximately flat bands. In particular, we explore the phase diagram of this holographic flat band system as a function of the chemical potential. We find that at low temperatures and densities, the system features a nematic phase, transitioning into the Lifshitz phase as the chemical potential or temperature increases. To further characterize the ensuing phases, we investigate the optical conductivity and find that this observable shows strong anisotropies in the nematic phase.

Effect of the Deposition Potential on Morphology, Nucleation, and Crystal Orientation of Nickel Electrodeposited

Effect of the Deposition Potential on Morphology, Nucleation, and Crystal Orientation of Nickel Electrodeposited

Phase offset method of ptychographic contrast reversal correction

The contrast transfer function of direct ptychography methods such as the single side band (SSB) method are single signed, yet these methods still sometimes exhibit contrast reversals, most often where the projected potentials are strong. In thicker samples central focusing often provides the best ptychographic contrast as this leads to defocus variations within the sample canceling out. However focusing away from the entrance surface is often undesirable as this degrades the annular dark field (ADF) signal. Here we discuss how phase wrap asymptotes in the frequency response of SSB ptychography give rise to contrast reversals, without the need for dynamical scattering, and how these can be counteracted by manipulating the phases such that the asymptotes are either shifted to higher frequencies or damped via amplitude modulation. This is what enables post collection defocus correction of contrast reversals. However, the phase offset method of counteracting contrast reversals we introduce here is generally found to be superior to post collection application of defocus, with greater reliability and generally stronger contrast. Importantly, the phase offset method also works for thin and thick samples where central focusing does not. Finally, the independence of the method from focus is useful for optical sectioning involving ptychography, improving interpretability by better disentangling the effects of strong potentials and focus.

Influence of the vapor shield potential control on the post-arc sheath development in vacuum interrupters

In tank-type multi-break vacuum circuit breakers (VCBs) and gas-insulated switchgear (GIS), the non-uniform distribution of vapor shield potential in the vacuum interrupters impacts the post-arc process significantly. To explore the effect of the vapor shield potential on the development of the post-arc sheath, a particle-in-cell model with shield potential control is proposed to obtain two-dimensional distributions of post-arc particles. Based on the synthetic test circuit and probe array, the test platform of the post-arc characteristic diagnostic is set up to verify the influence of vapor shield potential distribution on the post-arc sheath. The extinguishing process of the vacuum arc is also observed by the high-speed CMOS camera. Simulation and experimental results show that at shield potential of 0.5 transient recovery voltage, the post-arc sheath develops most rapidly and the distribution of cathode spots is the most uniform. These findings can provide valuable insights for the design of vacuum interrupters and the control of shield potential in tank-type GIS.

Management of the refractory vitiligo patient: current therapeutic strategies and future options.

Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease that leads to disfiguring depigmented lesions of skin and mucosa. Although effective treatments are available for vitiligo, there are still some patients with poor responses to conventional treatment. Refractory vitiligo lesions are mostly located on exposed sites such as acral sites and lips, leading to significant life stress. Understanding the causes of refractory vitiligo and developing targeted treatments are essential to enhance vitiligo outcomes. In this review, we summarized recent treatment approaches and some potential methods for refractory vitiligo. Janus kinase inhibitors have shown efficacy in refractory vitiligo. A variety of surgical interventions and fractional carbon dioxide laser have been widely applied to combination therapies. Furthermore, melanocyte regeneration and activation therapies are potentially effective strategies. Patients with refractory vitiligo should be referred to psychological monitoring and interventions to reduce the potential pathogenic effects of chronic stress. Finally, methods for depigmentation and camouflage may be beneficial in achieving uniform skin color and improved quality of life. Our ultimate focus is to provide alternative options for refractory vitiligo and to bring inspiration to future research.

Water dynamics and sum-frequency generation spectra at electrode/aqueous electrolyte interfaces.

The dynamics of water at interfaces between an electrode and an electrolyte is essential for the transport of redox species and for the kinetics of charge transfer reactions next to the electrode. However, while the effects of electrode potential and ion concentration on the electric double layer structure have been extensively studied, a comparable understanding of dynamical aspects is missing. Interfacial water dynamics presents challenges since it is expected to result from the complex combination of water-water, water-electrode and water-ion interactions. Here we perform molecular dynamics simulations of aqueous NaCl solutions at the interface with graphene electrodes, and examine the impact of both ion concentration and electrode potential on interfacial water reorientational dynamics. We show that for all salt concentrations water dynamics exhibits strongly asymmetric behavior: it slows down at increasingly positively charged electrodes but it accelerates at increasingly negatively charged electrodes. At negative potentials water dynamics is determined mostly by the electrode potential value, but in contrast at positive potentials it is governed both by ion-water and electrode-water interactions. We show how these strikingly different behaviors are determined by the interfacial hydrogen-bond network structure and by the ions' surface affinity. Finally, we indicate how the structural rearrangements impacting water dynamics can be probed via vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopy.

Electroosmotic flow and heat transfer characteristics of a class of biofluids in microchannels at high Zeta potential

Peristalsis is an important dynamic phenomenon in the field of biomedical research, and has great application prospects in microscale fluids. In recent years, this biomimetic (peristaltic) phenomenon has gained widespread attention due to its large-scale applications in various medical and industrial fields, such as radiation therapy, peristaltic blood pumps, and drug delivery systems. In this study, the electroosmotic flow and heat transfer characteristics are investigated under high wall Zeta potential and slip boundary conditions for a certain type of biological fluid that satisfies the Newtonian fluid model. Fluid flows under the joint action of external electric field, magnetic field, and Joule heating. Firstly, without using the Debye-Hückel linear approximation, the numerical solutions are given by using the Chebyshev spectral method for the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation, the fourth-order differential equation satisfied by the stream function, and the thermal energy equation. The results are compared with those obtained by using the Debye-Hückel linear approximation to demonstrate the effectiveness of the numerical method used in this study. Secondly, the effects of wall Zeta potential, Hartmann number <inline-formula><tex-math id="M11">\begin{document}$H$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M11.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M11.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, electroosmotic parameter <inline-formula><tex-math id="M12">\begin{document}$m$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M12.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M12.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, slip parameter <inline-formula><tex-math id="M13">\begin{document}$\beta $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M13.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M13.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> are discussed on the flow characteristics, peristaltic pumping, and trapping phenomena under electromagnetic environments, and the influence of Joule heating parameter <inline-formula><tex-math id="M14">\begin{document}$\gamma $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M14.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M14.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> and Brinkman number <inline-formula><tex-math id="M15">\begin{document}$Br$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M15.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M15.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> is explored on heat transfer characteristics. The results show that 1) wall Zeta potential plays an important role in controlling the velocity of fluid peristaltic flow; 2) the increase of electroosmotic parameter <inline-formula><tex-math id="M16">\begin{document}$m$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M16.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M16.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> and slip parameter <inline-formula><tex-math id="M17">\begin{document}$\beta $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M17.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M17.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> increases the flow velocity in the central region of the channel, while the increase of Hartmann number <inline-formula><tex-math id="M18">\begin{document}$H$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M18.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M18.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> hinders the flow of fluid; 3) these flow behaviors exhibit opposite trends near the channel walls; 4) the number of streamlines captured by peristaltic transport decreases with Hartmann number <inline-formula><tex-math id="M19">\begin{document}$H$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M19.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M19.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> and electroosmotic parameter <inline-formula><tex-math id="M20">\begin{document}$m$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M20.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M20.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> increasing; 5) the increase of Joule heating parameter <inline-formula><tex-math id="M21">\begin{document}$\gamma $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M21.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M21.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> and Brinkman number <inline-formula><tex-math id="M22">\begin{document}$Br$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M22.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="6-20231685_M22.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> leads temperature to rise.

Ultra-fast synthesis of the high performance photocatalytic Ti3+ self-doped strontium titanate by an electrochemical assist in molten salt: effect of electrochemical potential

Ultra-fast preparation of Ti3+ self-doped strontium titanate using molten salt electrochemistry, effectively improving photocatalytic performance by regulating the content of titanium ion valence states and oxygen vacancies.