Effect Of Pomegranate Seed Oil Research Articles

The Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil on Mild Cognitive Impairment.

In recent years, there has been a growing interest, supported by many experimental and clinical studies, about the benefits of pomegranate in preventing various pathologic conditions, including brain neurodegeneration. The pomegranate seed oil (PSO) contains high levels of fatty acids that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to the lack of clinical trials, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of PSO on cognition of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Eighty people with the diagnosis of MCI were randomized forty to take 5 drops of PSO and follow the Mediterranean Diet (MeDi) and forty just followed MeDi. All were examined with an extensive neuropsychological assessment before and after one year of treatment. The results showed that the participants who took the PSO had statistically significantly better global cognition (p = 0.004), verbal episodic memory (p = 0.009), and processing and executive functions (p < 0.001) in contrast with the participants who did not take it. In conclusion, the PSO can be beneficial for people with MCI as it is helpful for some important cognitive domains. As PSO is a natural product that does not burden the human body, it can be used by people with MCI and be a significant and promising part of holistic approaches for the prevention of dementia.

Protective Effect of Pomegranate Seed Oil against D-Galactose-Induced Aging in Rats

Protective Effect of Pomegranate Seed Oil against D-Galactose-Induced Aging in Rats

Evaluation of the Effect of Pomegranate Seed Oil on Healing in a Rat Wound Model With Antioxidant, Vascular, and Histopathological Parameters

The study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of pomegranate (Punica granatum) seed oil in wound healing in excised rats. Sixteen female young Wistar Albino Rats weighing approximately 300 to 320 g were randomly divided into 2 groups as the treatment (=pomegranate seed oil group) and control groups in this experiment. Six different wounds 1 cm apart from the midline and each other were formed with a 6 mm punch biopsy instrument. Three wounds were left open (open wound group) whereas 3 wounds were sutured with 4/0 vicryl (closed wound group). Punica granatum seed oil treatment was administered topically to the treatment group, both to open and closed wounds, once a day for 14 days. Parameters for healing were evaluated. Histopathologic examination was performed for the investigation of inflammation, neovascularization, granulation, and fibroblast generation in addition to serologic (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) evaluation of rat malondialchehyche, rat glutathione peroxidase, and rat superoxide dismutase. PeriScan PIM 3 System Laser Doppler Blood Perfusion Imager was used for the calculation of blood perfusion. There was a statistically significant difference between inflammation and neovascularization levels and group type on the 14th day in open wounds(P < .05). On the 21st day, the granulation tissue level in the closed wound group was found to be higher in the pomegranate group (P = 0.000).The results showed that PSE oil is partially effective, although it is not effective in every parameter examined, in the treatment of excised wounds in rats and may be suitable for clinical treatment in humans but large controlled studies are needed.

Effect of Pomegranate Seed Oil against Hepatotoxicity- Induced by Sodium Fluoride in Adult Female Rats (Part II).

This experiment was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of pomegranate seed oil against toxicity- induced by sodium fluoride and in normal rats. Twenty adult female Wistar rats were divided into four equal group and treated daily for 40 days as follows: Group C administered tap water and served as control , group T1 : received sodium fluoride 120ppm in drinking tap water, group T2: received both sodium fluoride 120ppm in drinking water and administered orally pometone (pomegranate seed oil) 30mg/kg B.W. and group T3 : administered pomegranate seed oil as in group T2 orally. Fasting blood samples were collected at 0, 20 and 40 days to estimation of some biochemical parameters and oxidative stress biomarkers . In addition, sections from liver were taken at the end of the experiment for histopathological study. The results revealed that SF (group T1) caused a significant increase in serum aminotransferases (serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) activities, total cholesterol ,total bilirubin and peroxynitrite radical concentrations, while GSH concentration was a significantly decrease. PSO caused an alleviation to the hepatic dysfunction induced by sodium fluoride (group T2) manifested through significant elevation of GSH concentration, in addition, a significant reduction in serum transaminases activity, total cholesterol, peroxynitrite radical and total bilirubin concentrations. In contrast, administration of pomegranate seed oil (group T3) showed no alterations in most of these parameters. Furthermore histopathological examination of liver tissues of group T1 manifested aggregation of mononucleated cells, proliferation of hepatocyte, cytoplasmic fat droplet and granulomatous lesion consists of aggregation of macrophage and lymphocyte. All these alteration in liver histology were modified by treatment of rats with pomegranate seed oil (group T2) and no pathological lesion was reported in group T3. On conclusion, this study documented the beneficial effect of pomegranate seed oil against the deleterious effects of SF on liver functions of adult female rats.

Nutritional Effect of Pomegranate Seed Oil in Diet

Nutritional Effect of Pomegranate Seed Oil in Diet

Effects of pomegranate seed oil on oxidant/antioxidant balance in heart and kidney homogenates and mitochondria of diabetic rats and high glucose-treated H9c2 cell line.

Oxidative stress is a major cause of diabetes complications. The present study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil (PSO) on diabetes-induced changes in oxidant/antioxidant balance of the kidney, heart and mitochondria from rats and H9c2 cell line. In these in vivo and in vitro studies, male rats were divided into four groups (twelve each): group 1 served as control, group 2-4 received a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p), groups 3 and 4 received PSO (0.36 and 0.72 mg/kg/daily, gavage), respectively. After three weeks, six rats of each group and one week later the remaining animals were anaesthetized and the hearts and kidneys were removed and homogenized. Mitochondrial fractions were separated and enzyme activities were measured in each sample. H9c2 cells were pretreated with high levels of glucose (35 mM), and then, incubated with PSO. Finally, cell viability test, reactive oxygen species production and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. Significant reduction in enzymes activity (Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione S-transferase and Paraoxonase 1), compensatory elevation in Glutathione Reductase, Glutathione Peroxidase and Catalase activity followed by reduction after one week and significant elevation in Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) were observed in diabetic group. PSO treatment resulted in a significant increase in enzymes activity and decreased OSI values compared to diabetic group in both tissue and mitochondrial fractions. PSO remarkably decreased glucose-induced toxicity, ROS level and lipid peroxidation in H9c2 cells. Results suggested that PSO has a protective effect against diabetes-induced alterations in oxidant/antioxidant balance in tissues, mitochondrial and H9c2 cell line.

Effect of Pomegranate Seed Oil on Certain Food Spoilage Microorganisms and its Role in Shelf Life of Cream.

This study aims to investigate the effect of pomegranate seed oil on the quality of cream during cold storage ( 4oC). Cream was divided into four equal portions, the first portion with no additives served as a control. For the other three portions, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of pomegranate seed oils were added individually to each portion of cream. The cream was then stored in refrigerator (4oC) to 45 days. Results showed that the total soluble solids, fat and protein of sour cream increased with the increase of the added pomegranate seed oil, but the carbohydrate content was decreased . The results also reveal that the use of cream containing pomegranate seed oil (PSO) led to increase the peroxide value and refractive index during cold storage. This was more remarkable in cream containing pomegranate seed oil at the higher level of concentration (1.5%). The same data showed that the peroxide values gradually increased, while iodine values showed gradual decrease during cold storage . The main fatty acid of pomegranate seed oil identified by GC was punicic acid (84.59%). The saturated fatty acids, mono-unsaturated acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 6.33, 5.8 and 87.87 % respectively.Antimicrobial effect of different concentration of pomegranate seed oil were studied on four bacteria (E. coli , S. aureus , B. cereus and Salmonella typhimurium) and two fungi (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans) . Results indicated that the higher antimicrobial effect was detected against yeast and mold ( from 20-23 mm). Also , data showed that cream samples fortified with different concentration of pomegranate seed oil were free of libolytic bacteria and yeast & mold, compared to control (fresh cream) till one month. Higher scores for organoleptic attributes were achieved for cream containing 0.5% pomegranate seed oil till 30 days . It could be seen that pomegranate seed oil can reduce the oxidative degradation of fatty substances as well as to inhibit the growth of spoilage microorganisms.

Effects of pomegranate seed oil on oxidative stress markers, serum biochemical parameters and pathological findings in kidney and heart of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Purpose: Oxidative stress due to hyperglycemia is a major cause of diabetes complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) on serum biochemical parameters, cardiomyopathy and nephropathy induced by diabetes mellitus.Method: W/A adult rats were divided into four groups (12 each): group 1, received saline (1 mL/kg), group 2, received streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg, a single dose as i.p.), groups 3 and 4, received STZ + PSO (0.4 and 0.8 mL/kg, daily by gavage, respectively). After three weeks, six rats of each group and one week later the remaining animals were anesthetized, blood samples were taken for measuring serum biochemical parameters. Sections of heart and kidneys were used for histopathological studies and the remaining tissues were homogenized for measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and total sulfhydryl groups.Results: Significant elevation of serum creatinine and urea, LDL, triglyceride, glucose levels as well as urine markers, MDA levels in tissue homogenates and a significant decrease in total thiol content and serum HDL were observed in STZ-treated group as compared with control group. PSO treatment resulted in a significant decrease in tissue MDA content, serum creatinine and urea levels as well as urine markers as compared with STZ-treated group. Lipid profile was ameliorated with PSO treatment. PSO also significantly reversed STZ-induced depletion in thiol content and histological abnormality. Effect of PSO was more specific at 28th than 21th days of study.Conclusion: The results showed that PSO has a protective effect against diabetes complications in rats.

Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil on the Fertilization Potency of Rat’s Sperm

Pomegranate has been taken great scientific attention in recent years due to its health benefits. Pomegranate seed oil is a rich source of 9-cis, and 11-trans conjugate linolenic acid. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary pomegranate seed oil on the fertilization potency of rat's sperm. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. The first group, which served as the control group, received 1 mL of corn oil for seven weeks. Groups II, III, IV served as the experimental groups received 200, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of pomegranate seed oil, for the same period of time respectively. After seven weeks, all of the rats were sacrificed, and their epididymis sperm was collected and added to IVF medium (T6) containing metaphase II oocytes. Almost 21 oocytes had been removed from every female rat oviduct. In this medium, oocyte fertilization, cleavage rates, and embryo development into blastocysts, were evaluated by inverted microscopy. Levels of LD50 in the oral route in male rats were more than 5000 mg/kg body weight. Our data showed that the rates of fertilization, cleavage and embryo development into blastocysts were higher in the groups that had received 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight of pomegranate seed oil. This study demonstrated that pomegranate seed oil had a positive effect on the fertilization potency of male rats. These beneficial effects may be useful in assisted reproductive technology.

Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism-Related Organs in Rats Fed an Obesogenic Diet

Studies conducted in mice have revealed positive effects of punicic acid (PUA). The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of PUA on fat accumulation and glycemic control in rats fed an obesogenic diet. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group and PUA group (diet supplemented with 0.5% PUA). No changes were observed in adipose tissue weights. The glucose tolerance test showed that the glycemic value in the PUA group had decreased significantly at the final time (120 min) (-19.3%), as had fructosamine levels (-11.1%). However, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) showed that insulin resistance did not improve. No changes were observed in the liver, skeletal muscle composition, or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) activation. Low levels (mg/g tissue) of PUA (0.04 ± 0.01 in both tissues) and higher levels of cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (0.31 ± 0.08 in liver, 0.52 ± 0.11 in muscle) were found. PUA supplementation induced hypoplasia (-16.1%) due to the antiproliferative effect on hepatocytes. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 0.5% PUA did not lead to decreased fat accumulation in adipose tissue, liver, or skeletal muscle, or to improved glycemic control. The hypoplasia induced in liver is a negative effect that should be considered before proposing PUA as a functional ingredient.

Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil and Tamoxifen on Mastectomy Breast Cancer Women

The present study was designed to study the effects of pomegranate and tamoxifen on breast cancer tumor marker (CA 15-3), aromatase enzyme, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in mastectomy women. The results indicates that tumor marker level was increased significantly in women without treatment while the tumor marker was significantly decreased in both pomegranate-tamoxifen combination and tamoxifen group, in addition, the level of aromatase and cholesterol was significantly decreased in pomegranate-tamoxifen combination group when compared with other two remaining groups. LDH level was significantly decreased in both tamoxifen and pomegranate-tamoxifen combination groups when compared with untreated group. However, the level of TG remains unchanged in all groups.

Protective effect of pomegranate seed oil against acute toxicity of diazinon in rat kidney.

Diazinon is an organophosphate which is extensively used in trade and agriculture. Due to its widespread application, its toxicity is common. Several studies have shown that organophosphates are able to induce oxidative stress by generating free radicals and depletion of endogenous antioxidants. Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this study, the effect of PSO was evaluated on diazinon-induced nephrotoxicity in rat. Wistar male rats were randomly divided into four groups, 6 each. Group one received saline, 1 mL/kg, group 2 received diazinon 100 mg/kg. Groups 3 and 4 received PSO, 0.32 and 0.64 mg/kg, one hour before diazinon 100 mg/kg respectively. After 24 h, animals were anesthetized. Blood samples were taken out by cardiac puncture for measuring the level of serum urea and creatinine. 24 h urine samples were also collected for measuring glucose and protein concentration. The right kidney was removed and homogenized for measuring malondialdehyde and thiol content Compare to control group, DIZ increased urea and serum creatinine, urinary glucose, and malondialdehyde, but did not modify significantly urinary protein and thiol content. In groups received PSO+ DIZ, serum creatinine, urinary glucose and MDA were significantly decreased. DIZ induced acute nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress. Probably, increasing of serum creatinine and urinary glucose are appropriate markers for diagnosis of kidney damage. In addition increasing of MDA level emphasizes that DIZ plays role in pathogenesis of kidney via oxidative stress mechanism. PSO reduced DIZ toxicity by antioxidant activity.

Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil on Lipoperoxidation and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Liver and Brain of Rats

Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil on Lipoperoxidation and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Liver and Brain of Rats