Abstract
This experiment was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of pomegranate seed oil against toxicity- induced by sodium fluoride and in normal rats. Twenty adult female Wistar rats were divided into four equal group and treated daily for 40 days as follows: Group C administered tap water and served as control , group T1 : received sodium fluoride 120ppm in drinking tap water, group T2: received both sodium fluoride 120ppm in drinking water and administered orally pometone (pomegranate seed oil) 30mg/kg B.W. and group T3 : administered pomegranate seed oil as in group T2 orally. Fasting blood samples were collected at 0, 20 and 40 days to estimation of some biochemical parameters and oxidative stress biomarkers . In addition, sections from liver were taken at the end of the experiment for histopathological study. The results revealed that SF (group T1) caused a significant increase in serum aminotransferases (serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) activities, total cholesterol ,total bilirubin and peroxynitrite radical concentrations, while GSH concentration was a significantly decrease. PSO caused an alleviation to the hepatic dysfunction induced by sodium fluoride (group T2) manifested through significant elevation of GSH concentration, in addition, a significant reduction in serum transaminases activity, total cholesterol, peroxynitrite radical and total bilirubin concentrations. In contrast, administration of pomegranate seed oil (group T3) showed no alterations in most of these parameters. Furthermore histopathological examination of liver tissues of group T1 manifested aggregation of mononucleated cells, proliferation of hepatocyte, cytoplasmic fat droplet and granulomatous lesion consists of aggregation of macrophage and lymphocyte. All these alteration in liver histology were modified by treatment of rats with pomegranate seed oil (group T2) and no pathological lesion was reported in group T3. On conclusion, this study documented the beneficial effect of pomegranate seed oil against the deleterious effects of SF on liver functions of adult female rats.
Highlights
Sodium fluoride was originally used in the 1930s as a wood preservative (1), in pesticides, various types of adhesives and glues (2)
Fluoride inhibits some enzymes involved in metabolic pathways and fatty acid oxidation (11), as well as, fluoride cause change of lipid peroxidation (LPO) (12), lipids profile (13) and inhibits certain total antioxidants capacity with increase generation of oxygen free radicals (14)
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is used in folkloric medicine for treatment of different diseases and has gained an attention in complementary and alternative medicine due to pomegranate have a wide range of phytochemicals (17) including: flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and hydrolysable tannins, sterols, triterpenoids, and alkaloids (18).Besides it was reported that pomegranate seed oil is a major source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with a low saturated fatty acid which is an important for therapeutic uses (19)
Summary
Sodium fluoride was originally used in the 1930s as a wood preservative (1), in pesticides, various types of adhesives and glues (2). Many evidence suggested that excessive fluoride intake may be contributing to a wide range of adverse health effects (7). Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is used in folkloric medicine for treatment of different diseases and has gained an attention in complementary and alternative medicine due to pomegranate have a wide range of phytochemicals (17) including: flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and hydrolysable tannins, sterols, triterpenoids, and alkaloids (18).Besides it was reported that pomegranate seed oil is a major source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with a low saturated fatty acid which is an important for therapeutic uses (19). This study was aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of pomegranate seed oil in normal and sodium fluoride administered female rats
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