Effect Of Physical Activity Level Research Articles

Effects of Physical Activity Level and Sedentary Behavior on the Musculoskeletal System in Young Adults

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the level of physical activity and sedentary behavior in young adults aged 18-35 and to evaluate the effects of this relationship on musculoskeletal pain, posture, muscle shortness, and trunk muscle endurance. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted at the Faculty of Health Sciences of a university between March 2018 and August 2018, 219 students were included. Data were obtained by using the case report form which determines the demographic characteristics and sedentary behavior of the students, The International Physical Activity Index - short form, posture analysis form, muscle shortness evaluation form, and trunk muscle endurance evaluation form. Results: In the study, 66.2% of patients were female and 33.8% were male. In the evaluation of physical activity level, the ratio of highly active individuals in males, and inactive and insufficiently active individuals in females was significantly higher (p <0.05). Musculoskeletal pain was significantly higher in inactive and insufficiently active individuals (p<0.001). A negative correlation existed between physical activity level and pain frequency, duration, and scores (p<0.001). There was a positive correlation between trunk endurance tests and physical activity and exercise participation. Non-exercisers showed shortening of lumbar extensor muscles and gastrosoleus, with increased thoracic kyphosis (p<0.05). Daily sitting time correlated positively with elbow, wrist, and knee pain, and lumbar lordosis (p<0.05). Those spending more time at the computer experienced higher levels of head-neck and elbow pain, pain duration, muscle shortness, thoracic kyphosis, shoulder protraction, and anterior head tilt (p<0.05). Conclusion: In young adults, increasing physical activity and reducing daily sitting time are necessary to prevent musculoskeletal pain and reduce postural deformities. Keywords: Musculoskeletal diseases, musculoskeletal pain, physical exertion, posture, sedentary behavior, trunk muscular endurance, young adult.

Effect of physical activity level on the association of LBBB, heart failure, and mortality

Abstract Background The beneficial effect of physical activity (PA) on adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) and left bundle branch block (LBBB) is well established. Yet, the impact of PA on individuals with LBBB without evident HF remains unexplored. Our objective is to investigate how PA modifies the outcomes of new-onset LBBB patients concerning HF-related hospitalizations and mortality. Methods Among the UK Biobank participants without a diagnosis of HF, we identified individuals with new-onset LBBB and available PA quantification. Patients were dichotomized into normal QRS and LBBB groups, following by stratification according to summed minutes of PA per week. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and HF-related hospitalizations. Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were applied. Results The final cohort comprised 367,934 individuals, with a mean age of 56.6±8.2 years and 47% male. Among them, 3,427 (0.9%) developed new-onset LBBB, characterized by advanced age, male predominance, and higher rates of comorbidities. Median summed PA minutes per week were 100 (IQR: 125-180), with no significant difference between normal QRS and LBBB patients. Over a median follow-up of 13.8 years (IQR: 13-14.5), 26,304 patients (7.15%) died. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed higher mortality risk with reduced PA level and/or LBBB (log-rank p<0.001 for both). Multivariate Cox analysis adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities showed LBBB patients had over 3.5-fold increased risk of death (HR 3.67, 95% CI 3.39-3.97, p<0.001) compared to normal QRS. The association of LBBB with mortality was modified by weekly PA minutes; those with <150 minutes had nearly 40% higher risk compared to those with ≥150 minutes (HR 3.78, 95% CI 3.43–4.15, p<0.001; HR 3.4, 95% CI 2.93–3.95, p<0.001; p for interaction=0.035). The protective effect of PA was 6% among normal QRS patients, compared to 22% among individuals with LBBB (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.91 – 0.96, p<0.001 vs. HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66 – 0.93, p=0.004). Similar findings were observed for HF hospitalizations. Conclusions Although the correlation between LBBB and adverse cardiovascular outcomes remained consistent across both levels of physical activity (PA), it was more pronounced among patients with low PA levels. When assessing the risk in patients with newly diagnosed LBBB, particular attention should be directed towards their PA status.

The relationship between visual health and influencing factors among primary and secondary school students: a survey based in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China.

The myopia rate of young people around the world, especially in China, has continued to rise, and the vision health of primary and secondary school students has gradually become a global concern. It was to explore the current characteristics of vision status and their intrinsic links to influencing factors of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region primary and secondary school students under regional characteristics. 1,670 primary and secondary school students in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region were surveyed using Vision examination, International Physical Activity Scale, Lifestyle Behavior Scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 23.0. The prevalence of myopia among primary and secondary school students in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was 27.3%, with rates of 31.5% for girls and 23.4% for boys. There was a significant negative correlation between lifestyle behaviors (r = -0.36, p < 0.01) and physical activity level (r = -0.06, p < 0.05) with vision status. The physical activity level played a significant masking effect between lifestyle behaviors and vision status (a*b = 0.002, c' = -0.044). Gender moderated the effects of lifestyle behaviors on physical activity level and vision status, as well as the effects of physical activity level on vision status. These factors constituted a mixed model with mediating and moderation. The model fitted well (RMSEA = 0.028, CFI = 0.951, NFI = 0.918). The prevalence of myopia among primary and secondary school students in this region is lower than the national average in China, and it is associated with lifestyle behaviors, physical activity level, and gender. When effectively controlled, the physical activity level significantly will reduce the prevalence of myopia as a masking variable. Gender, as a moderating variable, provides theoretical support for the classification and prevention of myopia. Regional surveys enriched the global database on adolescent myopia research, revealing the characteristics and common factors of visual problems in adolescents. Relevant departments and schools should integrate eye care into the national health security system, implement policies related to myopia prevention and control and safeguard the visual health of primary and secondary school students.

Dog, cat, bird, fish, and other pet ownership and mortality: Evidence from the HILDA cohort.

This study used the nationally representative prospective study of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey cohort to examine the association of pet ownership (dog, cat, bird, fish, and others) with the risk of all-cause mortality using propensity score matching based on a wide range of factors. The study sample included 15,735 participants who completed the questionnaire on pet ownership in 2018. The HILDA survey sample was matched to the National Death Index through 2022 to assess death during the follow-up period. Statistical analysis was weighted by the inverse of the propensity score in the generalized estimating equation. During the 4-year follow-up period, 377 of 15,735 (2.4%) participants died. The odds ratios (ORs) for all-cause mortality were 0.77 (95%CI: 0.59-0.99) for dog owners compared to non-pet owners after controlling for related socio-demographic, physical, psychological, and social factors. The Sobel test showed a partial mediating effect of physical activity level on the relationship between dog ownership and all-cause mortality. Ownership of cats, birds, fish, and others showed no clear association with mortality, despite owners having similar socio-demographics characteristics to dog owners. Companionship and exercise of a pet dog may be recommended as a component of health promotion policy, and may have an important role to play in promoting health aging.

The effect of physical activity level on mental health through COVID-19 pandemic

The effect of physical activity level on mental health through COVID-19 pandemic

The Effect of Physical Activity Levels on Cognitive Performance: Research in Portuguese Adolescents.

The literature unequivocally acknowledges the numerous health benefits that physical activity (PA) provides. However, in other variables, such as cognitive performance (CP), the PA characteristics required to elicit favorable benefits remain controversial, particularly among adolescents. The aim was to investigate the evolution of CP in adolescents over the school year, as well as the role of regular PA levels. The study included 366 adolescents (boys n = 154), between 12 and 20 years old (15.46 ± 1.63), from middle school (n = 123) and high school (n = 243). CP was assessed through a face-to-face interview employing the Cognitive Telephone Screening Instrument. The variation in CP (∆CP) was determined by the difference between the value of the final assessment (end of the school year) and the initial assessment (start of the school year). PA was assessed using accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X+). The CP score improved from the initial to the final assessment (37.80 ± 9.26 vs. 40.45 ± 10.05) (t = -6.135; p < 0.001; Glass's Delta = 0.37. Multiple linear regression revealed that age (ß = -0.332; t = -4.255; p < 0.001) and high-intensity PA (ß = 0.283; t = 3.627; p < 0.001) accounted for 17.2% of the variation in ∆CP. CP improved significantly over the school year, emphasizing the significance of age and vigorous PA in ∆CP in adolescents.

Vagal tone, pain sensitivity and exercise-induced hypoalgesia: The effect of physical activity level.

Vagal activity has analgesic effects that are attributed to exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH). High vagal tone and low pain sensitivity are reported in individuals who routinely exercise yet, their association is unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown if the heightened vagal tone following high physical activity predicts and intensifies EIH. Fifty-one healthy participants (27 low-moderately physically active; 27 females) underwent a resting-state electrocardiogram followed by heart rate variability analysis. Pain measurements, including pressure (PPT) and heat (HPT) pain thresholds, ratings of tonic heat pain (THP) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) paradigm, were conducted pre- and post-exercise on a cycle ergometer. The highly active group demonstrated higher vagal tone compared to the low-moderately active (root mean square of successive differences between R-R intervals: 63.96.92 vs. 34.78 ms, p = 0.018; percentage of successive R-R intervals that exceed 50 ms: 24.41 vs. 11.52%, p = 0.012). Based on repeated-measure ANOVA, the highly active group showed higher PPT at pre-exercise, compared to the low-moderately active group (382 kPa vs. 327 kPa; p = 0.007). Post-exercise, both groups demonstrated EIH, increased HPT (p = 0.013) and decreased THP ratings (p < 0.001). Linear regression revealed that only in the low-moderately active group, higher vagal tone was associated with more efficient pre-exercise CPM and a greater reduction in THP ratings post-exercise (p ≤ 0.01). Highly active individuals demonstrate greater vagal tone and lower pain sensitivity but no greater EIH. Vagal tone moderates pain inhibition efficiency and EIH only in low-moderately active individuals. These findings suggest that physical activity level moderates the vagal-pain association via the endogenous analgesia system. Highly physically active individuals exhibit greater vagal tone and reduced sensitivity to experimental pain, yet they do not benefit more from exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) compared to low-moderately active individuals. Moreover, low-moderately active individuals with greater vagal tone exhibited more efficient endogenous pain inhibition and greater EIH, suggestive of the moderation effect of physical activity level on vagal-pain associations.

Enhancing the quality of life for physical therapists: insights from a cross-sectional study.

Physical Therapy profession is known for its demanding physical requirements. This increases the risk of attrition and work-related accidents and disorders that affect physical therapists' quality of life and work performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical activity level and other contributing factors on quality of life of physical therapists. A cross-sectional study was conducted among practicing physical therapists (n = 258). The International Physical Activity Questionnaires-Short Form was used to measure physical activity levels and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire short form was used to measure the quality of life among physical therapists. Data was collected through a self-administered online survey using Microsoft Forms. The eligible participants were 258 out of 297. The highest percentage of physical therapists had a moderate physical activity level (45.35%) and the median for overall quality of life score was 63.27(52.73-73.59). There was a significant positive correlation between physical activity and age with overall quality of life score (rs = 0.41, p < 0.001; rs = 0.13, p < 0.036) respectively and a significant negative correlation between body mass index and overall quality of life score (rs = -0.13, p < 0.04). The results obtained revealed that physical therapists mostly have moderate physical activity level and relatively good perceived quality of Life. Furthermore, our study identified significant correlations between physical activity, age, body mass index, and the overall quality of life among practicing physical therapists.

The Effect of Physical Activity on Quality of Life and Emotional State of Students

Physiotherapists and nurses are crucial members of the healthcare team, and members of the healthcare team should be aware of the importance of physical activity to promote it in society. This study aimed to assess the effects of physical activity levels on the quality of life and emotional state of first-year nursing, physiotherapy, and rehabilitation students. One hundred six first-year nursing, physiotherapy, and rehabilitation students participated in the study. Socio-demographic characteristics were appraised. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) were administered to all participants. The activity level of 51.9 % of all students was inactive. The mean values of NHP-sleep, NHP-SI, NHP-1, NHP-2, and BDI scores were higher in nursing students than in physiotherapy and rehabilitation students (p&lt;0.05). According to the results of this study, physical activity among first-year nursing and physiotherapy and rehabilitation students is insufficient. More studies are needed about the reasons for insufficient physical activities in students and how to increase awareness of physical activity.

Analyzing the effects of physical activity levels on aggressive behavior in college students using a chain-mediated model

This study aims to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy (SE) and self-control (SC) in the relationship between physical activity (PA) and aggressive behaviors (AB) among college students. It provides a basis for the prevention and control of AB among college students. This study employed a survey research methodology, including the PA Level Scale, the General Self-efficacy Scale, the Self-control Scale, and the Chinese Aggressive Behaviors Scale on 950 college students. The chain mediating effect test and Bootstrap analysis were applied. The results were as follows: (1) There was a main effect of PA on SE, SC, and AB as well as all sub-indicators (physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, hostility, self-directed aggression), i.e., PA had a direct effect on the control of all three; (2) PA level was significantly negatively correlated with AB and significantly positively correlated with SE and SC. That is, the higher the level of PA, the better the SE and SC, and the lower the probability of AB; (3) The three pathways had mediating effects: PA → SE → AB, PA → SC → AB, PA → SE → SC → AB, with effect sizes of 8.78%, 28.63%, and 19.08%, respectively. It is concluded that regular PA is a potent method for decreasing aggressive behavior and psychological issues in university students while additionally promoting self-efficacy and self-control. Increasing the intensity of PA may enhance the effectiveness of these chain benefits.

The Impact of the Physical Activity Level on Sarcopenic Obesity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Previous studies have reported that low levels of physical activity result in sarcopenic obesity (SO). However, the effects of specific intensities of physical activity on SO and the optimal amount of physical activity for lowering the prevalence of SO have not been well studied. This study aimed to identify the effects of physical activity levels and intensity on SO and the optimal amount of physical activity related to a lower prevalence of SO. This cross-sectional study used data from the nationwide Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS), which included 2071 older adults (1030 men, 1041 women). SO was defined according to the criteria of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between the physical activity level and SO. The high activity group had a significantly lower prevalence of SO than the non-high activity (low and moderate activity) group. On the other hand, moderate-intensity physical activity was associated with a lower prevalence of SO. A total physical activity energy expenditure of &gt; 3032 kcal/week (433 kcal/day) for men and 2730 kcal/week (390 kcal/day) for women was associated with a reduced prevalence of SO. The high physical activity and total physical energy expenditure described above may be beneficial for reducing the prevalence of SO.

The Effect of Physical Activity Level on the Low Back Pain Incidence Among Dentists in Yogyakarta City

Low back pain (LBP) is a complaint that dentists often encounter because of the tendency to work with static movements for a long duration of time. There are some indicated factors that may involve in the occurrence of the LBP, one of which is the level of physical activity. This study aimed to confirm and understand the association of physical activity level to the incidence of low back pain. The research method was analytical observation with a cross-sectional design. The study used questionnaires on physical activity level and low back pain which were distributed to 76 samples of dentists in the Yogyakarta City area. The data was further analyzed with a chi-square test. The results showed a value of 9.147 with degree of freedom 1 and significance of 0.002. This value is greater than the table's chi-square value of 3.841, which means that there was a significant proportion association between physical activity level and low back pain occurrence

Effect of physical activity levels on blood lipids, insulin resistance, and adipokines in children with obesity.

Our study was performed to observe children with obesity by using accelerometers and identify their differences in blood lipid levels, insulin resistance, and adipokines based on their physical activity levels. 197 obese children were classified into three groups based on their physical activity levels over a period of 7 days, using the average counts per minute: Sedentary Time (ST), Light Physical Activity (LPA), and Moderate to Vigorous Intensity Physical Activity (MVPA). Blood lipids, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), were analyzed. Insulin resistance was assessed using the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) formula. Adipokines, including leptin and resistin, were measured. Our results were obtained through one-way analysis of variance was employed, with Scheffe post-hoc analysis. The statistical significance level was set at p &lt; 0.05 for all analyses. Results showed that the levels of blood lipids (TG: p&lt;0.001, TC: p&lt;0.01, LDL-C: p&lt;0.001, HDL-C: p&lt; 0.05) and adipokines (Leptin, Resistin: p&lt;0.01) of children who had obesity and maintained moderate to vigorous physical activity were healthier than those who engaged in ST or LPA. Specifically, children with obesity engaging in MVPA demonstrated blood lipid and adipokine levels that were normal or close to normal. However, no significant differences in insulin resistance were observed in all groups. In summary, encouraging moderate to vigorous physical activity in children with obesity could help improve obesity indicators, such as blood lipids and adipokines.

The Effect of Physical Activity Level on Positive Mental Health of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Patients

This study was planned to examine the relationship between physical activity level and positive mental health in chronic obstructive pulmonary patients. This study was planned as a descriptive relational study. The mean age of the participants was 67.93±11.14, 72.4%male, 27.6% female, 79% secondary school graduate, 77.1% married, 38.1% It was determined that 44.8% of them did not work in any job and their income was between 2501-3500 TL. The mean physical activity score of the participants was 227±108.18, and the mean score of the positive mental health scale was 68.12±12.57. A high positive correlation was observed between physical activity level and positive mental health. When the results of the study were evaluated, married and poor financial situation were in the risk group. In addition, it has been observed that individuals have a more positive mental health as the level of physical activity increases.

The Effect of Physical Activity Level on Executive Functions in Obese Cases

The Effect of Physical Activity Level on Executive Functions in Obese Cases Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the executive functions (inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility and working memory) of obese subjects with different levels of physical activity. Material and Method: The study included 31 obese subjects. The patients were divided into 2 groups as high physical activity (HAOG, n=14) and minimal physical activity (MAOG, n=17) according to International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). After demographic data of the subjects were recorded, body fat ratio was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility and working memory were evaluated with Stroop Test Çapa Form, Trail Making Test A-B and 2-back test, respectively. Results: Body mass index, age, waist circumference, hip circumference and waist/hip ratio were similar between the groups, whereas percentage of fat mass was lower in HAOG (p=0.016) and percentage of muscle mass was higher in HAOG (p=0.009). Inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility and working memory scores were similar in the groups in our study (p&gt;0.005). Conclusion: According to the results of our study, although executive functions were similar in obese subjects with different physical activity levels, further studies comparing obese groups with different physical activity levels are needed due to the limitations of publications in this field. Keywords: Obesity, executive function, physical activity.

THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS AND FIBER CONSUMPTION ON BOWEL HABITS OF INDIVIDUALS AGED 40 YEARS AND OLDER LIVING IN RURAL AREAS

Bu çalışma kırsal bölgede yaşayan 40 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ve posa tüketimlerinin bağırsak alışkanlıklarına etkisini incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma kırsal bölgede yaşayan 40 yaş ve üzeri kadın/erkek toplam 584 birey üzerinde yapılmış, kesitsel tipte bir araştırmadır. Değerlendirme için sosyodemografik bilgilerden, Bristol Gaita Skalası’ndan, Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Formu (IPAQ)’ndan ve üç günlük besin tüketim kaydından oluşan bir anket formu uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde kullanılan başlıca testler; Ki-kare testi, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis testidir. Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin %17,5’i haftada üç kez veya daha seyrek dışkılama sıklığına sahiptir. Özellikle 70 yaş ve üzeri bireylerde, posa tüketiminin yetersiz olduğu ve dışkılama sıklığının haftada üç kez veya daha seyrek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Günlük posa tüketimi ortancası 20,65 gram olup erkeklerin (21,9 gr) tüketimi kadınlardan (20,1 gr) daha fazladır (p&amp;lt;0,05). Bireylerin %26,9’unun inaktif olduğu belirlenmiştir. Fiziksel aktivite durumu ile dışkılama sıklığı incelendiğinde minimal aktif bireylerin günde bir kez dışkılama sıklığına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir (p&amp;lt;0,05). Cinsiyet, ileri yaş, posa ve su tüketiminin az olması, fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin yetersiz olması bireylerin bağırsak alışkanlıkları üzerinde etkili olmaktadır. Çalışma belirli bir kırsal bölgede yaşayan bireyleri kapsadığı için daha geniş çaplı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

The effects of regular physical activity on functional balance skills and life quality in elderly individuals

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the effects of physical activity level (e.g., walking, simple exercises on sports equipment, and brisk walking) on functional balance and quality of life in elderly individuals. Patients and Methods: The study included 60 individuals (28 males, 32 females) over the age of 65 years who engaged in regular physical activity (Group 1, n=30) and sedentary individuals who did not engage in physical activity (Group 2, n=30) between January 2023 and July 2023. Mini Mental State Test (MMST), Fall Efficacy Scale (FES), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), Standing on One Leg (TAFS), and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Elderly (WHOQOL-OLD) were applied to the individuals. Results: There was no statistically significant relationship between Group 1 and Group 2 when their MMST scores were compared (p=0.125). When the relationship between Group 1 and 2 and their balance status was examined, a significant difference was obtained when the results of FES (p=0.001), BBS (p=0.003), TUGT (p=0.014), and TAFS right/left (p=0.003/.004) were analyzed. When the quality of life of Group 1 and Group 2 was evaluated and the subparameters of the WHOQOL-OLD scale used for this purpose were compared, there was a significant difference in autonomy (p=0.001), past, present, and future activities (p=0.001), social participation (p=0.005), and closeness (p=0.013) scores. Conclusion: Regular physical activity was found to be the primary means of health promotion in older adults and an effective intervention to prevent falls, maintain balance, and improve quality of life.

Fibromiyaljili kadınlarda fiziksel aktivite ile ağrı, interoseptif farkındalık ve kişisel iyi oluş arasındaki ilişki: Kesitsel çalışma

Aim: In this study, the effect of physical activity level on pain, interoceptive awareness, and personal well-being in women with fibromyalgia was investigated.&#x0D; &#x0D; Methods: Fifty female patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia syndrome who applied to the physical medicine and rehabilitation outpatient clinic were evaluated as follows: Demographics (age, occupational status, and body mass index (BMI)) were recorded, pain levels were evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS), physical activity levels were evaluated with the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ), personal well-being were evaluated with the personal well-being index adult form (PWI-A) and interoceptive awareness were evaluated with multidimensional assessment of interoceptive awareness (MAIA).&#x0D; &#x0D; Results: The mean age of the participants was 50.96±8.35, and the mean BMI was 27.74±4.01. Fifty-four % of the participants had low physical activity levels and 46% had moderate physical activity levels. The mean MAIA total score was 19.44±3.73 and the mean VAS was 6.32±1.69. In correlation analysis, a large negative statistically significant relationship between VAS and PWI-A (p

Effect of physical activity level and occupation on resolution of pain after varicocelectomy: A prospective clinical study

Introduction and objectivesPersistent scrotal pain after varicocelectomy is stressful for both surgeon and patient. The number of researches focusing on which patient will benefit more from the operation is increasing in the literature. In this prospective study, we aimed to investigate whether the patient's physical activity levels and occupations affect the success of varicocelectomy in terms of pain relief. Materials and methodsThe data of 176 patients who underwent subinguinal microscopic varicocelectomy were analyzed according to BMI, age, varicocele grade, laterality, duration of pain, testicular volume difference, quality of pain, level of physical activity, and profession. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to evaluate the level of physical activity. Patients were grouped as inactive, moderately active, and active according to this scale. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the patients were recorded before and after the procedure. Results135 patients (76.7%) reported complete resolution of their pain. Partial resolution of pain was observed in 34 patients (19.3%). Seven patients (4%) complained of the same pain level. Univariate analysis showed that patient occupations and physical activity levels significantly affected the pain level (p=0.041, p=0.032, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, only physical activity levels of the patients were statistically significant in predicting the resolution of pain (p=0.024). ConclusionsPatients with low physical activity levels who underwent microscopic varicocelectomy surgery are less likely to have postoperative pain.

The effect of physical activity level on the severity of diastolic dysfunction

BackgroundDiastolic dysfunction (DD) is a risk factor for cardiovascular events in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgeries. Investigators aimed to assess the effect of physical activity level on the diastolic function of the left ventricle (LV) in patients attending the preoperative visit.MethodsThis analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on 228 patients referred to Poursina hospital from November 2021 to March 2022. To define the physical activity level, we used the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). We categorized patients into inactive, minimally active, and health-enhancing physical activity groups. We also divided participants into three groups based on their daily sitting time. Also, echocardiographic parameters were calculated. The diastolic function of LV was evaluated, and its grading was defined from mild (grade1) to severe (grade 3).ResultsResults showed that patients with DD had significantly higher age and lower levels of education (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005, respectively). After assessing echocardiographic parameters, we found that E/e’, TR Velocity, left atrial volume index, and pulmonary artery pressure had a statistically significant inverse relationship with physical activity level (P < 0.001 for all). Comparing physical activity level of subgroups showed that in HEPA (health-enhancing physical activity), the chance of developing grade 2 or 3 DD was reduced by 97% compared to the inactive group (OR = 0.03, P < 0.001). Still, there was no significant difference between the inactive and minimally active groups (P = 0.223).ConclusionsThis study showed an inverse relationship between physical activity level and DD of the LV in a sample of 228 individuals attending the Anesthesia Clinic, independent of potentially confounding variables.Therefore, due to lower rate of DD in patients who are physically active, we can expect lower occurrence rate of cardiovascular events during surgery.