Effect Of Phloroglucinol Research Articles

Clinical analysis of 300 cases of Phloroglucinol and propofol in painless induced abortion

Objective To discuss the curative effect of Phloroglucinol for way in painless induced abortion.To find a safe and effective painless induced abortion. Methods 300 cases were divided into two groups randomly and equally. 15 minutes before anesthesia induction ,40 mg Phloroglucinol were intramuscular injected with 2. 5 mg/kg Propofol were intravenous injected in Phloroglucinol group. 2 minutes before the operation, 2% lidocaine were injected in the paracervical 2:00 and 7:00 in Control group. Results Compared with this two groups, the difference of effect of anesthesia, intraoperative pain, cervix relaxation, flow syndrome (RAAS) is significant ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Phloroglucinol combined with propofol is one of the adaptable anesthetic method for painless induced abortion, and it's safe, simple ,well analgesic effect, little side effects ,worthy of promotion. Key words: Phloroglucinol; Propofol; Painless induced abortion , Lidocaine

Effect of phloroglucinol on oxidative stress and inflammation

The aim of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of phloroglucinol on oxidative stress and inflammation. Phloroglucinol is a monomer of phlorotannins abundant in brown algae. A few effects of phloroglucinol have been reported, but any information on its effect on anti-inflammation related to oxidative stress has not been reported in detail until now. In our study phloroglucinol exhibited inhibitory effects not only on oxidative stress but also on the production of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and prostaglandin E2 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. Furthermore, in HT1080 cells, a human fibrosarcoma cell line, phloroglucinol decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase that play an important role in chronic inflammation. In the presence of phloroglucinol NF-κB transcription factor that regulates the expression of these inflammatory mediators was inactivated via inhibition of NIK, and activation of AP-1 transcription factor was also reduced via inactivation of ERK, a MAPK. These results suggest that phloroglucinol can provide a therapeutic potential for prevention of chronic inflammation.

The effect of phloroglucinol on pain in first-trimester surgical abortion: a double-blind randomized controlled study

Background First-trimester surgical abortion is a common procedure. Pain control during this procedure is still an unsolved problem. Study Design In this randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study, women presenting for first-trimester surgical abortion received intramuscular phloroglucinol (4 mL) or placebo (normal saline, 4 mL). Visual analog scales (VAS) for pain immediately and 30 min after the procedure and side effects of the drug were recorded. Results There was no significant difference between groups in the pain level immediately and 30 min after the procedure; 70.7% of the phloroglucinol group ( n=58 cases) and 56.9% of the placebo group ( n=58 cases ) reported mild pain; 27.6% and 34.5%, respectively, reported moderate pain; and 1.7% and 8.6%, respectively, reported severe pain. Thirty minutes after the procedure, the median pain score was reduced to 1.3 in both groups. Postoperative side effects were reported, but there was no significant difference between groups for nausea or vomiting and blood pressure. Conclusion The use of this dose of phloroglucinol, during first-trimester abortion by suction evacuation under local anesthesia with lidocaine, did not relieve pain, but caused no side effects.

Inhibitory effect of phloroglucinol on chronic inflammation

Inhibitory effect of phloroglucinol on chronic inflammation

Egg laying suppression inDrosophila melanogaster(Diptera: Drosophilidae) andDacus (Bactrocera) oleae(Diptera: Tephritidae) by phloroglucinol, a peroxidase inhibitor

AbstractEggshell peroxidase (ESP) is responsible for the hardening process in several Diptera, includingDrosophila melanogasterMeigen andBactrocera oleaeGmelin. Its action can be inhibited by phloroglucinol, a natural phenolic substance, during the formation of the egg-shell. We used phloroglucinol, in the diet of adults ofD. melanogasterandB. oleae, at concentrations of 1 mM, 10 mM, 25 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM and 400 mM to study its effect on egg laying. In both insects, 1 mM had no effect. At concentrations above 10 mM, egg laying ofD. melanogasterwas gradually affected leading to the deposition of empty shells and chorion-less eggs, while inB. oleae, it was gradually suppressed and only amorphous masses were laid. The effect of phloroglucinol at the tested concentrations was reversible. It is concluded that phloroglucinol added at appropriate, non-lethal concentrations, affected egg-laying ofD. melanogasterandB. oleaein different ways, related to differences in the ovipositor diameter relative to egg size. InB. oleae, it is relatively narrow, causing breakage of the phloroglucinol-induced non-elastic egg-shell, since covalent crosslinking of the chorion proteins is prevented. InD. melanogaster, chorion-less eggs and separate chorions are laid, due to egg dechorionation. A possible field application of these results is discussed.

Phloroglucinol and in Vitro Rooting of Apple Cultivar Cuttings1

Abstract Cuttings of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) taken from in vitro proliferated shoots growing on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium were evaluated for ability to initiate adventitious roots in the presence or absence of phloroglucinol at several concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA). Phloroglucinol did not promote rooting of ‘Northern Spy’, ‘Summer Rambo’ or ‘Delicious’, had a minor or inconsistent effect upon ‘Nugget’, ‘Ozark Gold’, ‘Spuree Rome’, and ‘Stayman’ and stimulated rooting of ‘Spartan’ cuttings. However, phloroglucinol did not increase rooting of ‘Spartan’ cuttings above that obtained in preliminary experiments without phloroglucinol. Autoclaved phloroglucinol produced the same responses as filter sterilized when tested on ‘Spartan’, ‘Stayman’, and ‘Summer Rambo’. Including IBA in the medium improved rooting of all cultivars and this effect was greater than the effect of phloroglucinol except for ‘Spartan’. Phloroglucinol reduced formation of callus and misshapen roots on cuttings receiving IBA treatment. There was no evidence that phloroglucinol is essential to in vitro rooting of these apple cultivar cuttings.

Effect of Phloroglucinol and Resorcinol on the Clingstone Peach Polyphenol Oxidase-catalyzed Oxidation of 4-Methylcatechol

Phloroglucinol and resorcinol are not substrates for clingstone peach (Prunus persica) polyphenol oxidase, but they react with 4-methyl-o-quinone, produced either enzymatically or nonenzymatically, to give an intense red or red-brown color with a maximal absorption at about 470 nanometers. Several colored products were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the reaction by two-dimensional thin layer chromatography. Based on thin layer chromatographic and spectral studies of the enzymatic and nonenzymatic reactions, polyphenol oxidase does not play a role in the reaction between 4-methyl-o-quinone and phloroglucinol, resorcinol, d-catechin, or orcinol. In such reactions, the function of polyphenol oxidase is the formation of 4-methyl-o-quinone which then reacts nonenzymatically with the above phenols. Activation energies of both enzymatic and nonenzymatic reactions were determined.