Effects Of Nandrolone Decanoate Research Articles

Effect of the nandrolone decanoate on the efficiency of spermatogenesis of sedentary rats and rats subjected to physical training

Spermatogenesis is a complex, highly organized and coordinated process that results in the production of male gametes. This process is influenced by a number of drugs that enhance physical performance, which have been used mainly by young people, athletes or not, seeking to gain athletic performance or only a prominent social position. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the anabolic steroid nandrolone decanoate on the efficiency of spermatogenesis in sedentary rats and rats subjected to physical training. Twenty-four male rats were divided into four experimental groups: sedentary control, sedentary treated, trained control and trained treated. Treated animals received intramuscular injection of nandrolone decanoate (0.5 mg kg-1 body weight) during the last four weeks of physical training. The training program consisted of running on a programmable ergometer treadmill, tailored to train eight rats simultaneously, for nine weeks. We evaluated the morphological and morphoquantitative profiles of the male reproductive system. The results showed that the treatment causes a reduction in the efficiency of spermatogenesis; however, when associated with physical training, this compensates for the anabolic action, keeping the process of spermatogenesis within normality.

Nandrolone Decanoate Enhances the Activities of Cholanthrene Induced Glutathione-s-Transferase in Liver Tissue of Albino Mice

A concrete study is still fragmentary to correlate the effect of Nandrolone decanoate, a anabolic steroid, on the cholanthrene induced Glutathione-s-transferases (GST) activities in liver tissues. Administration of Nandrolone and 3-Methylcholanthrene in alone and combination is found to increase the activity of hepatic GST activity significantly (p< 0.01) suggesting Nandrolone as a potent inducer of GST activity.

Enhanced Hepatic and Kidney Cytochrome P-450 Activities in Nandrolone Decanoate Treated Albino Mice

Anabolic androgenic steroids are the xenobiotic substrates that are metabolized in the body by the protective enzyme systems. Mixed function oxygenase enzymes include a group of enzymes which play an essential role in the metabolism of a broad range of xenobiotics including endogenous and exogenous substrates. Cytochrome P-450, a member of mixed function oxygenase enzymes, plays an important role in oxidative metabolism of drugs and xenobiotics entering human body. Various anabolic steroids are found either to increase or decrease the activity of cytochrome P-450. However, effect of nandrolone decanoate, most commonly abused anabolic steroid, on cytochrome P-450 activity is still fragmentary. In the present study, albino mice were administered intramuscular 2.5 mg of nandrolone decanoate injection at 15 days interval. Cytochrome P-450 activity is determined by following the method of Omura and Sato (1964) in liver and kidney tissues of both normal and experimental groups upto 90 days. Investigation shows a significant (p <0.01) increase of cytochrome P-450 (nmol/mg) activity in liver tissue as compared to that of kidney tissues. A tissue specific and dose specific increase of cytochrome P-450 activity is observed. Mean cytochrome P-450 is found highest in liver tissue on 45(th) day whereas the activity in kidney tissue is noticed on 90(th) day of treatment. From the above observation, nandrolone decanoate can be suggested as a potent inducer of cytochrome P-450 activity like other anabolic steroids.

The effect of Nandrolone Decanoate on the frequency and concentration of satellite cells in skeletal muscle

The effect of Nandrolone Decanoate on the frequency and concentration of satellite cells in skeletal muscle

Influence of anabolic steroid on anxiety levels in sedentary male rats

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of nandrolone decanoate on anxiety levels in rats. Male Wistar rats were treated with nandrolone decanoate (5mg/kg, two times per week, i.m.) or vehicle (propylene glycol—0.2 ml/kg, two times per week, IM) for 6 weeks. Control rats were subject only to procedures related to their routine husbandry. By the end of 6 weeks, all groups (24–29 rats/group) were submitted to the elevated plus maze test in order to evaluate their anxiety level. Some of these animals (12– 14/group) were treated with diazepam (1 mg/kg i.p.) 30 min before the elevated plus maze test. Nandrolone decanoate significantly decreased the percentage of time spent in the open arms (1.46 ± 0.49%) compared with control (3.80 ± 0.97%) and vehicle (3.96 ± 0.85%) groups, with no difference between control and vehicle treatments. The percentage of open arm entries was also reduced in the group treated with nandrolone decanoate in comparison with the vehicle and control. No changes in the number of closed arm entries were detected. Diazepam abolished the effects of nandrolone decanoate on the percentage of time in, and entries into the open arms. The present study showed that chronic treatment with a high dose of nandrolone decanoate increased the anxiety level in male rats.

Stereological study of the effects of nandrolone decanoate on the rat prostate

It has been shown that nandrolone decanoate which is one of the anabolic-androgenic steroid compounds changes the testis structure and sperm quality but quantitative studies of the prostate have received less attention. Control rats received the peanut oil and experimental group received nandrolone decanoate for 14 weeks. Then the rats were left untreated for 14 weeks. After 14 weeks of withdrawal, the prostate was studied using stereological methods. The mean prostate weight decreased approximately 39% (p<0.009) in nandrolone decanoate treated rats. The mean total prostate volume, glands, epithelia, fluids and collagen bundles reduced approximately 30% (p<0.03), approximately 31% (p<0.03), approximately 41% (p<0.02), approximately 31% (p<0.05) and approximately 59.5% (p<0.02) in the experimental group. The mean total luminal surface of the glands and total length of the vessels decreased approximately 40% (p<0.02) and approximately 46% (p<0.009), respectively, in the nandrolone decanoate treated rats. The height of epithelium did show no difference. It can be concluded that nandrolone decanoate causes atrophic changes in the components of rat prostate.

The Effect of Nandrolone Decanoate on Bone Mineral Density, Muscle Mass, and Hemoglobin Levels in Elderly Women With Osteoporosis: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, we evaluated the effect of a 2-year treatment with nandrolone decanoate (ND) on bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine, femoral neck, and trochanter and on vertebral fracture rate, muscle mass, and hemoglobin levels. Sixty-five osteoporotic women older than 70 years were studied. Thirty-two patients received injections of 50 mg ND, and 33 received placebos every 3 weeks. All patients received 500 mg calcium tablets daily. Compared to baseline, ND increased the BMD of the lumbar spine (3.4% +/- 6.0 and 3.7% +/- 7.4; p < .05) and femoral neck (4.1% +/- 7.3 and 4.7% +/- 8.0; p < .05) after 1 and 2 years, respectively. The BMD of trochanter increased significantly only after the first year (4.8% +/- 9.3, p < .05). Compared to the placebo group, the ND group presented with significantly increased BMD of the trochanter and neck. ND significantly reduced incidence of new vertebral fractures (21% vs 43% in the placebo group; p < .05). ND showed a significant statistical increase in lean body mass after the first (6.2% +/- 5.8; p < .01) and second years (11.9% +/- 29.2; p < .01). In addition, a 2-year treatment with ND significantly increased hemoglobin levels compared to baseline (14.3%; p < .01) and placebo (p < .01). ND increased BMD, hemoglobin levels, and muscle mass, and reduced the vertebral fracture rate of elderly osteoporotic women.

Effect of Nandrolone Decanoate on Serum Lipoprotein (a) and its isoforms in hemodialysis patients

Malnutrition, anemia and increased atherosclerosis are the main causes of mortality in hemodialysis patients. Therapies designed to improve the disorders might therefore be expected to improve outcome. The effects of Nandrolone Decanoate (ND), in 64 stable hemodialysis patients, were studied with respect to the following parameters: nutritional status, hematological indexes, lipid profiles including serum levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] in terms of differences in apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)]. The patients were treated with ND at dose of 100 mg/I.M./week for 4 months. After 2 and 4 months of treatment the elevations in the serum levels of albumin (p < 0.0001), creatinine (p < 0.009), hemoglobin (p < 0.03), hematocrit (p < 0.03), cholesterol (p = 0.007) and triglyceride (p < 0.04) were noticed. Marked decrease in the concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.007) and Lp(a) (p < 0.0001) were also found. These effects after 2 months of treatment withdrawal were relatively constant. By dividing patients according to the baseline Lp(a) levels and molecular weight of apo(a) isoform, it was noticed that the decrease in serum Lp(a) was significant in patients with high Lp(a) (>30 mg/dl) than those of with low Lp(a) (<30 mg/dl), irrespective of apo(a) molecular weight. It may be suggested that, ND has beneficial effect on nutritional status and treatment of anemia in hemodialysis patients. In spite the adverse effect of ND on lipid profile, it decreases Lp(a) mostly in patients with high serum Lp(a) preferently by the effect on apo(a) gene transcriptional activity.

Effect of nandrolone decanoate on exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats

Effect of nandrolone decanoate on exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats

Effect of Nandrolone Decanoate on the Lipid Profile of Male Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Effect of Nandrolone Decanoate on the Lipid Profile of Male Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Effects of Nandrolone Decanoate on Lean Body Mass in Hiv+ Men with Mild to Moderate Hiv Wasting: An Open Comparison with Growth Hormone

Effects of Nandrolone Decanoate on Lean Body Mass in Hiv+ Men with Mild to Moderate Hiv Wasting: An Open Comparison with Growth Hormone

The effects of nandrolone decanoate on cocaine-induced kindling in male rats

Use and abuse of various controlled substances in recent years has reached alarming levels. Among these are cocaine and anabolic steroids. The two contrasting types of drug have common sites of action within the limbic system of the central nervous system. The ability of cocaine to provoke seizures is well documented, and sex hormones also have been shown to alter seizure types and characteristics. This project studied the consequences of co-administration of cocaine and a representative anabolic–androgenic steroid, nandrolone decanoate. Specifically, the effects of nandrolone on cocaine-induced kindling of seizures were examined. Nandrolone was shown to increase seizure rate when given in high (20 mg twice weekly) intermittent doses. No statistically significant differences were observed with low (2 mg) daily doses of nandrolone. The results support the hypothesis that an androgen may interact so as to modify the pattern of cocaine-related kindling. However, the potential of either pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic mechanism(s) for this interaction exists, and the nature of these interactions remains to be fully elucidated.

The effects of nandrolone decanoate on bone mass and metabolism in ovariectomized rats with osteopenia.

The effects of nandrolone decanoate (ND) treatment on bone mass and metabolism were studied in ovariectomized (OVX) rats with osteopenia. The 6-month-old rats were divided into Sham (n = 12) and OVX (n = 24). The OVX rats were allowed to lose bone for 6 weeks. At 6 weeks post ovariectomy, the OVX rats were divided into two groups: (1) OVX + Vehicle and (2) OVX + ND. The effects of ND on bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone metabolism were studied by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and biochemical markers including urinary pyridinoline (Pyr), deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr), and serum osteocalcin. After 24 weeks of treatment, histomorphometry of the right tibiae and the wet weight of the gastrocnemius and soleus skeletal muscles were also examined. Ovariectomy resulted in a significant increase in biochemical markers and a significant decrease in spine BMD (0.221+/-0.016g/cm2 in OVX group vs 0.239+/-0.008g/cm2 in Sham group) and BMC (0.550+/-0.055g in OVX group vs 0.605+/-0.042g in Sham group) at 6 weeks post ovariectomy. Spine BMD (0.227+/-0.017g/cm2), femoral BMD (0.263+/-0.012g/ cm2), and bone density of femur (1.035+/-0.036g/cm3) in the OVX + ND group were significantly greater than those in the OVX + Vehicle group (0.204+/-0.013g/cm2 for spine BMD, 0.243+/-0.009g/cm2 for femoral BMD, 0.938+/-0.06g/cm3 for bone density of femur) after 24 weeks of treatment. ND treatment decreased urinary Pyr and Dpyr significantly in OVX rats. Histomorphometric findings indicated that ND-treated rats had greater cancellous bone volume, greater trabecular number, greater trabecular thickness, and less trabecular separation than vehicle-treated OVX rats. OVX rats had greater wet weight of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles than rats treated with ND. The data suggest that the effect of ND on bone mass is not influenced by the condition of the muscles in OVX rats. Our findings indicate that ND blocks further bone loss by inhibition of bone resorption in OVX rats with osteopenia.

Effects of nandrolone decanoate on respiratory and peripheral muscles in male and female rats.

Thirty male and 18 female adult rats received weekly an intramuscular injection of either saline (control; C), 1.5 mg/kg (low-dose; LD) nandrolone decanoate or 7.5 mg/kg (high-dose; HD) nandrolone decanoate during 5 wk. Compared with respective C, growth rate was stunted in male HD rats from 2 wk of treatment on, whereas it was enhanced in female LD and HD rats after 1 wk. Mass of all muscles studied varied proportionally to body weight, except for the gastrocnemius (males: 0.49 +/- 0.04 vs. C: 0.52 +/- 0.03%, not significant; females: 0.17 +/- 0.01 vs. C: 0.15 +/- 0.01%, P < 0.05). In vitro contractile and fatigue properties of the diaphragm remained unchanged, except for a decrease in twitch kinetics (time to peak tension: C, 21 +/- 2; LD, 19 +/- 1; HD, 19 +/- 2 ms, P < 0.05; half-relaxation time: C, 26 +/- 5, LD, 25 +/- 5, HD, 23 +/- 3 ms, P < 0.01). Histochemistry of the diaphragm and the gastrocnemius revealed a significant increase in type IIx/b dimensions. In the gastrocnemius, type I fiber dimensions also increased. A pair-fed study, including another 24 female rats, showed that the changes in oral food intake only partly accounted for the observed anabolic effects.

Effects of nandrolone decanoate (ND) on nitrogen balance, metabolism, body composition and function in men with AIDS wasting syndrome (AWS)

A STRAWFORD. M HELLERSTEIN, R NEESE, M VAN LOAN, J BARBIERI, J KING University of California, Berkeley, California CA 94720 USA EFFECTS OF NANDROLONE DECANOATE (ND) ON NITROGEN BALANCE, METABOLISM, BODY COMPOSITION AND FUNCTION IN MEN WITH AIDS WASTING SYNDROME (AWS) Serum testosterone (T) concentrations are often in the low normal range in men with AWS. The consequences for body composition and performance are uncertain. We compared ND at two doses to placebo in men with AWS (n = 18, 86 ? 6% usual weight, age = 43 &? 8 yrs, CD4=85?105) and borderline hypogonadism (serum total T=414+205). In the metabolic ward phase (21 days, comtant eucaloric diet, urine and stool collections), subjects were randomized between IM placebo, ND low dose (65 mg/wk) and ND high dose (195 mg/ wk), given as qod injections. Body composition was assessed by DEXA: strength by Cybex; endurance by treadmill; metabolism by mass spectrometric tracer methods (de nova Iipogenesis by mass isotopomer distribution analysis) and qualify of life (QOL) by questionnaire. A 6 week open label phase (ND 200 mg bi-weekly) followed. Results: (1) Nitrogen balance was significantly increased, 24.4 213.2 g nitrogen/ wk at high dose, 15.5220.8 g/wk at low dose and a loss of 5.18 g/wk in placebo (p<O.OOl). This represents a gain of 0.8?0.4 kg LBM/wk at high dose, 0.5kO.7 kg at low dose and a loss of 0.220.3 kg in the placebo group. (2) Weight and lean body mass (LBM) increased in the open label (OL) phase. (Weight 0.38 kg/wk, LBM 0.26 kg/wk.) Total weight gain 4.623.7 kg, LBM gain 3.0t2.0 kg. (3) Performance improved post OL phase; Oz up-take increased 13% (p=O.O431) and strength 38% increase (number of repetitions to 50 % max non-sig) (4) DNL fell from 14.6?7.9% to 5.9?13.7% in ND treated subjects. (5) QOL improved; 38% in perceived physical function (p=O.O31), and 5% improvement in energy and fatigue (p=O.O27) were reported. Conclusions: ND exhibited a substantial lean tissue anabolic response. The increase in LBM by DEXA during the open label phase was somewhat less than but consistent with the in-patient gains. The fall in DNL was consistent with a release of “anabolic block” (nutrients entering lean tissue stores instead of spilling over into lipogenesis). Improvements in strength, endurance and QOL in the OL phase paralleled body composition changes. Thus. supplementation with ND in borderline hypogonadal men with AWS has significant beneficial effects on body composition and function. O-02

Effects of nandrolone decanoate (Decadurabolin) on serum Lp(a), lipids and lipoproteins in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis

Although lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) concentrations are mainly regulated genetically, it has been reported that variations in sex hormone concentrations may have effects on serum Lp(a). We evaluated the effect of nandrolone decanoate, a testosterone-derived synthetic anabolic steroid, on serum Lp(a), lipids and lipoproteins in 19 postmenopausal women who were given parenteral nandrolone decanoate (Decadurabolin) once a week for 3 weeks. At the 4th week, a significant decrease was observed for total cholesterol (p=0.003), Lp(a) (p=0.0003), apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) (p<0.0001), and high density lipo-protein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (p<0.0001). Moreover, a significant decrease in serum albumin concentration (p=0.002) was concomitantly observed.We conclude that the administration of nandrolone decanoate significantly affects the lipid profile of postmenopausal women, showing controversial effects in terms of cardiovascular risk.

Effect of nandrolone decanoate (Deca-Durabolin) on the disease activity of female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

The clinical efficacy and adverse effects of nandrolone decanoate (Deca-Durabolin) were investigated in a double-blind placebo-controlled multicentre study in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The patients received 100 mg Deca-Durabolin or placebo once every 2 weeks for 3 months. At the end of the study, 36 patients (18 on placebo and 18 on Deca-Durabolin) were evaluated. Beneficial effects were observed on arthralgia, and/or arthritis and minor vasculitis. Possible beneficial effects were seen on polymyalgia, active SLE rash, oral and/or nasal ulcerations and pleural and pericardial pain in the Deca-Durabolin-treated patients. The overall clinical assessment score showed that Deca-Durabolin would influence the disease course by lowering significantly the disease activity score. However, this treatment is still hampered by adverse reactions such as voice alterations and hirsutism. Therefore, the development of androgen-derived steroids free from androgenic activity should be encouraged, since these compounds may contribute to a new therapeutic modality in female SLE patients.

Effect of nandrolone decanoate and 1- α-hydroxy-calciferol on patients with vertebral osteoporotic collapse. A double-blind clinical trial

Eighty-eight postmenopausal women with at least one vertebral collapse were randomly assigned to two groups of 44 patients each. All patients were treated for a period of 12 months with 50 mg of nandrolone decanoate every 3 weeks or 1 μg of 1- α-hydroxy-calciferol daily. Both groups received an identical placebo of the inactive drug. Pain intensity was significantly decreased in the nandrolone group and mobility was improved. Patients treated with vitamin D metabolite had also a beneficial but less obvious clinical result. Bone mineral measurements showed an increase of 5% in the nandrolone decanoate group, but a 2.5% decrease in the vitamin D metabolite group. Biochemical results showed a significant hypercalciuric effect of vitamin D metabolite, while nandrolone decanoate caused a reduction in calcium/creatinine excretion. No difference in serum lipids was found during the annual treatment in both groups. It is concluded that nandrolone decanoate has a beneficial effect in clinical symptoms, bone mineral density and biochemical parameters in patients with established osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

The prevention of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis with nandrolone decanoate

The effects of nandrolone decanoate (ND; 50 mg IM every three weeks) on calcium metabolism and forearm bone density were studied in a randomized trial in 35 women receiving long-term therapy with corticosteroids (CST) for rheumatic disease. The 17 patients who served as controls were on CST therapy for less years and their bone density was higher. Thus a second control group, pair-matched with the active treatment group for age, duration of CST therapy and bone density, was selected retrospectively. At the end of the 18 months' treatment course with ND, forearm bone density was increased by 5.1% ( P < 0.01) but fell by 11.3% ( P < 0.01) and 6.7% respectively in the first and second control group. The patients on ND differed significantly from both control groups in the changes at 6,12 and 18 months ( P < 0.01). Urinary excretion of hydroxyproline fell significantly in patients receiving ND, whereas the biochemical indices of bone formation did not change (alkaline phosphatase) or increased (osteocalcin; P < 0.01). In conclusion, nandrolone decanoate therapy may be used in the prevention of CST-induced osteoporosis. It also seems to exert mild inhibition of bone resorption without affecting or even stimulating bone formation.

The carboxy-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen in serum as a marker of bone formation: The effect of nandrolone decanoate and female sex hormones

Seventy-nine osteoporotic (prior forearm or vertebral fracture), but otherwise healthy, postmenopausal women (aged 55 to 75 years) were allocated to two double-blind trials: (1) 39 women received either nandrolone decanoate (anabolic steroid) 50 mg as an intramuscular depot injection or a placebo injection every 3 weeks for 1 year; and (2) 40 women received either 2 mg 17β-estradiol plus 1 mg norethisterone acetate or placebo tablets daily for 1 year. Sixty-seven (85%) completed the 1 year of treatment. Serum concentration of type I procollagen carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP) was measured before and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of therapy. In addition, 32 of the women had an iliac bone biopsy taken after double tetracycline labeling. Initial serum PICP correlated significantly with histomorphometrically measured rate of bone formation ( r = .4; P < .05) and plasma bone Gla protein ( r = .6; P < .001), but not with histomorphometrically measured bone resorption or biochemical estimates of bone resorption (fasting urinary hydroxyproline and calcium). Estrogen-progestogen therapy significantly decreased ( P <.001) serum PICP by about 30%, whereas anabolic steroid therapy hardly affected it. We conclude that serum PICP may be used as a noninvasive measurement of bone formation on a group basis. Whereas bone formation is clearly decreased during estrogen-progestogen therapy, it is not affected by long-term therapy with anabolic steroids.