Effects Of Multiple Interactions Research Articles

Multi-Responsive Peptide-Based Ultrathin Nanosheets Prepared by a Horizontal Monolayer Assembly.

In this study, peptide-based self-assembled nanosheets with a thickness of approximately 1 nm were prepared using a hierarchical covalent physical fabrication strategy. The covalent alternating polymerization of helical peptide E3 with an azobenzene (AZO) structure yielded copolymers CoP(E3-AZO), which physically self-assembled into ultrathin nanosheets in an unanticipated two-dimensional horizontal monolayer arrangement. This special monolayer arrangement enabled the thickness of the nanosheets to be equal to the cross-sectional diameter of a single linear copolymer, which is a rare phenomenon. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the synergistic effect of multiple molecular interactions drives the self-assembly of CoP(E3-AZO) into nanosheets and that various methods, including phototreatment, pH adjustment, the addition of additives, and introduction of cosolvents, can alter the molecular interactions and modulate the self-assembly of CoP(E3-AZO), yielding diverse nanostructures. Remarkably, the ultrathin nanosheets selectively inhibited cancer cells at certain concentrations.

Multi‐Responsive Peptide‐Based Ultrathin Nanosheets Prepared by a Horizontal Monolayer Assembly

In this study, peptide‐based self‐assembled nanosheets with a thickness of approximately 1 nm were prepared using a hierarchical covalent physical fabrication strategy. The covalent alternating polymerization of helical peptide E3 with an azobenzene (AZO) structure yielded copolymers CoP(E3–AZO), which physically self‐assembled into ultrathin nanosheets in an unanticipated two‐dimensional horizontal monolayer arrangement. This special monolayer arrangement enabled the thickness of the nanosheets to be equal to the cross‐sectional diameter of a single linear copolymer, which is a rare phenomenon. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the synergistic effect of multiple molecular interactions drives the self‐assembly of CoP(E3–AZO) into nanosheets and that various methods, including phototreatment, pH adjustment, the addition of additives, and introduction of cosolvents, can alter the molecular interactions and modulate the self‐assembly of CoP(E3–AZO), yielding diverse nanostructures. Remarkably, the ultrathin nanosheets selectively inhibited cancer cells at certain concentrations.

New Weibull Log-Logistic grey forecasting model for a hard disk drive failures

Forecasting the failure of hard disk drives is important in server operation and has attracted increasing attention. However, current disk drive warning systems suffer from high false positive rates and high resource consumption when dealing with hard disk drive overall failure. Therefore, to accurately and stably predict hard disk drive overall failure, this paper develops a new Weibull Log-Logistic grey forecasting model with multiple interaction effects. Firstly, to capture and fit the trend of hard disk failure data flexibly and reduce the volatility, a new accumulation generation operator is established by introducing the Weibull Log-Logistic mixture distribution. Secondly, the proposed model constructs a multiple interaction term to describe the nonlinear relationship of the dependent variables on the system behavior series and the multiple interaction effects between the independent variables. Then, the parameter estimation method is designed to improve the fitting accuracy of the new model, in which linear estimation method, nonlinear estimation method, and meta-heuristic optimization algorithm are used to calculate the parameter values according to their categories. Finally, four varieties of hard disk drive data sets from BackBlaze are selected as study cases to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results show that the mean MAPE of the proposed method is 2.1181 %, 2.2306 %, 8.1712 %, and 4.3417 %, respectively, corresponding to (hard disk drives ST8000NM0055, ST12000NM0007, ST10000NM0086, and ST14000NM0138), and the average value of the evaluation metrics are optimal in all competing models. Furthermore, it is observed that the number of reallocated sectors has the greatest influence in causing the failure of hard disk drives.

Chirality-selective topological magnon phase transition induced by interplay of anisotropic exchange interactions in honeycomb ferromagnet

A variety of distinct anisotropic exchange interactions commonly exist in one magnetic material due to complex crystal, magnetic and orbital symmetries. Here we investigate the effects of multiple anisotropic exchange interactions on topological magnon in a honeycomb ferromagnet, and find a chirality-selective topological magnon phase transition induced by a complicated interplay of Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya interaction and pseudo-dipolar interaction, accompanied by the bulk gap close and reopen with chiral inversion. Moreover, this novel topological phase transition involves band inversion at high symmetry points K and K′, which can be regarded as a pseudo-orbital reversal, i.e. magnon valley degree of freedom, implying a new manipulation corresponding to a sign change of the magnon thermal Hall conductivity. Indeed, it can be realized in 4d or 5d correlated materials with both spin–orbit coupling and orbital localized states, such as iridates and ruthenates, etc. This novel regulation may have potential applications on magnon devices and topological magnonics.

AMMI and GGE biplot analysis for genotype × environment interactions affecting the yield and quality characteristics of sugar beet.

Sugar beet, an important sugar crop, contributes significantly to the world's sugar production. However, genotype-environment interactions (GEI) often affect the quality characteristics of sugar beet. Hence, understanding the effects of GEI on sugar beet quality can aid in identifying high-quality genotypes that can adapt to different environments. Traditional variance analysis can only be used to examine the yield of a variety and not its specific adaptability to specific conditions. Therefore, more comprehensive analytical methods are required to evaluate the characteristics of the variety under specific environments. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype main effect and genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot models can be employed to comprehensively evaluate different varieties and address the drawbacks associated with a single evaluation method. Moreover, these models also allow us to explore new varieties more objectively and comprehensively. In this study, the adaptability and stability of 16 sugar beet varieties, in terms of yield and sugar content, were evaluated using AMMI and GGE biplot analysis in seven pilot projects undertaken in 2022. In the assessment of a small but significant proportion of the total GEI variance for the two qualitative traits (yield and sugar content), 80.58% of the variance was explained by the cumulative contribution of IPC1, IPC2, and IPC3. AMMI and GGE biplots clearly highlighted that KWS4207 (G3) exhibited high and stable quality. They also demonstrated that the experiments in Jalaid Banner (Inner Mongolia) (E7) were the most representative. Together, the results suggested that the comprehensive application of AMMI and GGE biplot analysis allowed for a more comprehensive, scientific, and effective evaluation of sugar beet varieties across different regions. The findings offer a theoretical basis for sugar beet breeding and could guide the rational design of experiments for testing new varieties of sugar beet.

Excess winter mortality in Finland, 1971–2019: a register-based study on long-term trends and effect modification by sociodemographic characteristics and pre-existing health conditions

ObjectivesExcess winter mortality is a well-established phenomenon across the developed world. However, whether individual-level factors increase vulnerability to the effects of winter remains inadequately examined. Our aim was to assess...

INTERACTIONS OF METFORMIN AND OTHER MEDICATIONS IN REDUCING THE ODDS OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION IN A COHORT OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES.

A previous study from our group demonstrated protective effects of the use of metformin in the odds of developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This is a subgroup analysis in a cohort of patients with diabetes to assess the interaction of metformin and other medications in protecting diabetic patients against developing AMD. This is a case-control analysis using data from the Merative MarketScan Commercial and Medicare databases. Patients were 55 years and older with newly diagnosed AMD and matched to controls. We performed multivariable conditional logistic regressions, which adjusted for known risk factors of AMD and tested multiple interaction effects between metformin and 1) insulin, 2) sulfonylureas, 3) glitazones, 4) meglitinides, and 5) statins. The authors identified 81,262 diabetic cases and 79,497 diabetic controls. Metformin, insulin, and sulfonylureas demonstrated independent protective effects against AMD development. Sulfonylureas in combination with metformin demonstrated further decreased odds of AMD development compared with metformin alone. The other medication group (exenatide, sitagliptin, and pramlintide) slightly increased the odds of developing AMD when taken alone, but the combination with metformin alleviated this effect. The authors believe that their results bring them one step closer to finding an optimal effective hypoglycemic regimen that also protects against AMD development in diabetic patients.

Mediation effect of antithrombin III between chronic renal insufficiency and chronic coronary artery disease in T2DM patients.

The study aimed to investigate the potential effect of Antithrombin III (ATIII) between chronic renal insufficiency and chronic coronary artery disease (chronic CAD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. T2DM patients hospitalized in ZhongDa Hospital from 2013 to 2018 were enrolled. Relationships between renal function, ATIII, and chronic CAD risk were explored using multivariate regression models. Multiplicative and additive interactions were investigated between ATIII and renal function for CAD risk, and the role of ATIII was determined by bootstrap mediation analysis in patients with chronic renal dysfunction. A total of 4197 patients were included in the study, with a chronic CAD prevalence of 23.02%. Low ATIII level was statistically associated with chronic renal insufficiency and elevated CAD risk even after adjustments (P < 0.05). A positive correlation between renal function and ATIII was demonstrated, and each 1 SD increase in renal function, ATIII increased by 2.947% (2.406-3.488%, P < 0.001) and 0.969% (0.297-1.642%, P < 0.001) in crude and adjusted models respectively. Patients with decreased renal function and ATIII were at the highest chronic CAD risk (OR = 1.51, 95%CI:1.15-1.98, P < 0.05), while no multiplicative and additive interaction effects were significant. Bootstrap mediation analysis estimated that ATIII mediated approximately 4.27% of the effect of chronic renal insufficiency on chronic CAD risk. ATIII may serve as a mediator between chronic renal insufficiency and chronic CAD, providing mechanistic clues for renal-heart association and new insight into clinical therapies.

Refractive neutrino masses, ultralight dark matter and cosmology

We consider in detail a possibility that the observed neutrino oscillations are due to refraction on ultralight scalar boson dark matter.We introduce the refractive mass squared, m̃2, and study its properties: dependence on neutrino energy,state of the background, etc. If the background is in a state of cold gas of particles, m̃2 shows a resonance dependence on energy. Above the resonance (E ≫ ER ), we find that m̃2 has the same properties as usual vacuum mass squared.Below the resonance, m̃2 decreases with energy, which (if realised) allows to avoid the cosmological bound on the sum of neutrino masses. Also, m̃2 may depend on time. We consider the validity of the results: effects of multiple interactions with scalars, and modification of the dispersion relation. We show that for values of parameters of the system required toreproduce the observed neutrino masses, perturbativity is broken at low energies, which border above the resonance.If the background is in the state of coherent classical field, the refractive mass does not depend on energy explicitly but may showtime dependence. It coincides with the refractive mass in a cold gas at high energies.Refractive nature of neutrino mass can be tested by searches of its dependence on energy and time.

A locally explained heterogeneity model for examining wetland disparity

ABSTRACTIdentifying the factors influencing wetland variations is crucial for understanding the relationship of climate change with wetland conservation and management. The wetland distribution is associated with multiple variables, and the interactions among these variables are complex. In this study, we aim to explore an interpretable and quantitative analysis of factors related to wetland spatiotemporal variations on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). By combining SHapley Additive exPlanations with a spatially stratified heterogeneity model, we propose a locally explained stratified heterogeneity (LESH) model that well reveals the effects of multiple variable interactions on the spatiotemporal variations of wetlands. The results show that topographic variables are the most important variables related to the spatial distribution of wetlands on the TP, and climatic variables are the most relevant factors for the increase in the wetland area on the TP from 2015 to 2019. In addition, the interactions among multiple variables strongly influence wetlands on the TP. Among them, when other geographic variables interact with the evaporation variable, its explanatory power on wetland distribution is significantly increased. Knowledge of wetland distribution determinants can help us understand the evolution of wetlands and the impacts of climate change on wetland variations.

Performance assessment of wheat genotypes based on the superiority index using additive main and multiplicative interaction effects and BLUP analysis

The simultaneous use of additive main and multiplicative interaction effects (AMMI) and best linear unbiased predictors (BLUP) has been reflected in the multi-location evaluation of trials for number of crops. The additional advantages of both these approaches would be combined in superiority index (SI) to have an edge over the commonly used approaches. The promising wheat genotypes had been considered under multi location trails in Peninsular zone of India during the cropping seasons of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. The highly significant environmental effects contributed 44.1% &amp; 35.3% of total sum of squares in the AMMI analysis, 20.6% &amp; 26.2% were augmented by G × E interaction, while 10.8% &amp; 7.5% were contributed by the genotypes.Wheat genotypes of UAS3001, MACS6222, GW322, and DDW48 expressed their superiority in BLUP values. Superiority indexes and adaptability measures had identified WHD964 and DDW48 genotypes for the second year of study. More than 75% variations among the considered measures were due to the first two interaction principal components (IPCA’s) under Biplot analysis. Number of superiority index measures were clustered with adaptability measures in the same quadrant. Superiority index, the weighted measure of yield and consistent performance of genotypes would be more appropriate for stability and adaptabilities studies.

Self-healable, mechanically durable and cold-resistant integrated supercapacitor enabled by dual metallic redox-mediated multiple cross-linking gel polymer electrolyte

Flexible supercapacitor is an important energy supply source for wearable electronic devices. Herein, an integrated supercapacitor with exceptional electrochemical performance is successfully constructed based on a novel dual redox-mediated double network (DN) gel polymer electrolyte (GPE). Thanks to the synergistic effect of DN structure and multiple physical interactions (hydrophobic association, hydrogen bond and ionic coordination), the polyacrylic acid/lauryl methacrylate/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose/H2SO4/CuSO4_FeSO4 GPE possesses exceptional mechanical properties and rapid self-healing ability. In addition to being ionic cross-linking agents, CuSO4_FeSO4 can also serve as carrier donors and anti-freezing agents, endowing the GPE with excellent conductivity (0.17 S/cm) and low temperature adaptability. The GPE-based integrated supercapacitor demonstrates an outstanding specific capacitance of 414.96 mF/cm2 and a high energy density of 84.21 μWh/cm2, benefiting from redox reactions of Cu2+/Cu+ and Fe2+/Fe3+ at the electrode/electrolyte interface. Due to the seamless gradient structure, the interfacial resistance is reduced and the relative slippage is overcome, resulting in splendid capacitance retention of the supercapacitor under various mechanical deformations. Moreover, the device demonstrates promising self-healing ability even at −20 °C. This work provides a novel strategy for designing and fabricating the supercapacitor with self-healing, arbitrary deformability and anti-freezing in next-generation electronic devices.

Azimuthal correlations in Z +jets events in proton–proton collisions at sqrt{s} = 13,text {Te}hspace{-.08em}text {V}

The production of Z bosons associated with jets is measured in text {p}text {p} collisions at sqrt{s}=13,text {Te}hspace{-.08em}text {V} with data recorded with the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.3,text {fb}^{-1}. The multiplicity of jets with transverse momentum p_{textrm{T}} > 30,text {Ge}hspace{-.08em}text {V} is measured for different regions of the Z boson’s p_{textrm{T}} (text {Z }), from lower than 10,text {Ge}hspace{-.08em}text {V} to higher than 100,text {Ge}hspace{-.08em}text {V}. The azimuthal correlation varDelta phi between the Z boson and the leading jet, as well as the correlations between the two leading jets are measured in three regions of p_{textrm{T}} (text {Z }). The measurements are compared with several predictions at leading and next-to-leading orders, interfaced with parton showers. Predictions based on transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions and corresponding parton showers give a good description of the measurement in the regions where multiple parton interactions and higher jet multiplicities are not important. The effects of multiple parton interactions are shown to be important to correctly describe the measured spectra in the low p_{textrm{T}} (text {Z }) regions.

Synergistic effects of multiple rotors and hydrogen-bond interactions lead to sensitive near-infrared viscosity probes for live-cell microscopy

Synergistic effects of multiple rotors and hydrogen-bond interactions lead to sensitive near-infrared viscosity probes for live-cell microscopy

Effect of Multifactor Interaction on the Accuracy of RV Reducers

The rotary vector (RV) reducer is one of the widely used mechanical components in industrial systems, specifically in robots. The stability of the transmission performance of the RV reducer is crucial for the efficient operation of industrial equipment. The manufacturing and assembly errors of various components of the RV reducer during the production process are important factors that affect the transmission performance. However, in previous research work, the coupling effect of multiple errors on the transmission accuracy of RV reducer has not been fully considered. Furthermore, a vague relationship between system transmission errors and various errors also has not been thoroughly discussed, which presents a challenge to analyze and optimize the errors of components using the simulation technology of virtual prototype. Therefore, we propose a novel approach to use the response surface method (RSM) to investigate the transmission accuracy of RV reducer. Firstly, based on the constructed virtual prototype of RV reducer, the individual effects of different original errors on the overall transmission error are analyzed. Secondly, a response surface approximation model using RSM is constructed to analyze the effect of multiple error interactions on the transmission accuracy of the RV reducer, and the potential functional relationship between multiple error factors and the overall transmission error is also explored. Finally, the authenticity of the proposed approach is verified by setting up some comparative experiments. This study provides a reference for the efficient analysis and optimization of the transmission accuracy of RV reducers.

La Red Iberófona para la Responsabilidad Social en Salud. Una estrategia vital para confrontar los retos de la salud en contextos de incertidumbre y cambios constantes

The notion of social responsibility is becoming and will become more important as time goes by, because of the global awareness of the need to understand the human being and the effect of multiple interactions on the well-being of our societies, especially on health. Therefore, all institutions and all citizens will be called upon to assume some responsibility for maintaining and sustaining it.In September 2022, the Iberophone Network for Social Accountability in Health (RIRSS) was presented in Brussels, with the aim of responding effectively to the health demands of our populations, through close collaboration between all the Spanish Portuguese-speaking countries of Africa, America, Asia, and Europe that make up what has been called the Iberophone countries. This geopolitical "territory" groups, together thirty countries and more than 800 million people, whose health is the responsibility of all those involved in the health systems and the professionals who work in them. In the current global context, volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous, perhaps the major uncertainty that current generations have ever experienced, with wars, pandemics, environmental and economic crises, technological developments such as artificial intelligence and much more, we urgently need to work together to respond effectively to the health demands of our populations, who are increasingly distrustful of the management of their governments, politicians and institutions to preserve and maintain their health. Promoting a network based on our common history and our way of seeing the world, surely different from the most widespread and sponsored Anglo-Saxon vision, is the challenge, we invite you to take part in. The purpose of this article is to present the vision and strategic lines of this project.

Facilitation effect of multiple crack interaction on fatigue life reduction and a quantitative evaluation of interactions factor of two parallel Non-coplanar cracks

Synergistic/interaction action of the multiple cracks can be clearly observed from fracture topography of the post-fatigue test specimen. Based on experimental observations, the interactions of two parallel non-coplanar cracks mounted in double-edge crack specimens under tension loading are investigated. The stress intensity factor (SIF) for a wide range of crack configurations is established using three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA), and the effects of multiple crack interactions on the SIF values are studied. The effects of crack interactions on the SIF are strongly dependent on the crack geometry. The greater the vertical distance between the two cracks, the more strongly the stress field at the tip of the main crack is impacted. The analytical solutions for calculating SIF under effect of the multiple crack interactions were derived in a matrix form and the accuracy of the estimated equation was confirmed.

Interaction of lactate/albumin and geriatric nutritional risk index on the all-cause mortality of elderly patients with critically ill heart failure: A cohort study.

Whether there is a multiplicative interaction of lactate/albumin (L/A) ratio and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) on the mortality of critically ill elderly patients with heart failure (HF) remains unclear. To assess the interaction of L/A ratio and GNRI on the all-cause mortality in critically ill elderly patients with HF. This was a retrospective cohort study and data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database. The endpoints were 28-day and 1-year all-cause mortality, and the independent variables were L/A ratio and GNRI. The multiplicative interaction of L/A ratio and GNRI on the mortality was examined using Cox proportional-hazards model. A total of 5627 patients were finally included. Results showed that patients with higher L/A ratio or GNRI ≤ 58 had higher risk of 28-day and 1-year all-cause mortality (all p < .01). We also found the significant multiplicative interaction effect between L/A ratio and GNRI score on the 28-day and 1-year all-cause mortality (both p < .05). The increased L/A ratio was associated with higher risk of 28-day and 1-year all-cause mortality in patients with GNRI ≤ 58 than those with GNRI > 58. There was a multiplicative interaction effect between L/A ratio and GNRI score on the mortality, and low GNRI score was associated with the increased risk of all-cause mortality with the increase of L/A ratio, suggesting the importance of nutrition-oriented intervention in critically ill elderly HF patients with high L/A ratio.

Associations of concomitant retinopathy and depression with mortality in a nationally representative population

ObjectiveTo evaluate the interaction effects between retinopathy and depression on mortality risks in genral population and subpopulation with diabetes. MethodsProspective analyses were conducted on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys study. Associations of retinopathy, depression and their interaction with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific, cancer-specific and other-specific mortality risk were estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. ResultsAmong 5367 participants, the weighted prevalence of retinopathy and depression was 9.6 % and 7.1 %, respectively. After a follow-up period of 12.1 years, 1295 deaths (17.3 %) occurred. Retinopathy was associated with an increased risk of all-cause (hazard ratio [HR]; 95 % confidence interval [CI]) (1.47; 1.27–1.71), CVD-specific (1.87; 1.45–2.41), and other-specific (1.43; 1.14–1.79) mortality. Similar relationship was observed between depression and all-cause mortality (1.24; 1.02–1.52). Retinopathy and depression had a positive multiplicative and additive interaction effect on all-cause (Pinteraction = 0.015; relative excess risk of interaction [RERI] 1.30; 95 % CI 0.15–2.45) and CVD-specific mortality (Pinteraction = 0.042; RERI 2.65; 95 % CI −0.12–5.42). Concomitant retinopathy and depression was more markedly associated with all-cause (2.86; 1.91–4.28), CVD-specific (4.70; 2.57–8.62), and other-specific mortality risks (2.18; 1.14–4.15) compared to those without retinopathy and depression. These associations were more pronounced in the diabetic participants. ConclusionsThe co-occurrence of retinopathy and depression increases the risk of all-cause and CVD-specific mortality among middle-aged and older adults in the United States, especially in population with diabetes. Focus on diabetic patients and active evaluation and intervention of retinopathy with depression may improve their quality of life and mortality outcomes.

Correlation Between Initial Postoperative Hemoglobin Value and Prognosis in Non-Cardiac Surgery Patients Receiving Intraoperative Blood Transfusion

To analyze the relationship between initial (within 24 hours) postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) value and prognosis in non-cardiac surgery patients receiving intraoperative blood transfusion, and to provide support for sensible blood use in surgery. A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients aged 18 or older who underwent non-cardiac surgeries and who received intraoperative blood transfusion at West China Hospital, Sichuan University from 2012 to 2018. According to their initial postoperative Hb levels, the patients were divided into 6 groups, including Hb<75 g/L, 75 g/L≤Hb<85 g/L, 85 g/L≤Hb<95 g/L, 95 g/L≤Hb<105 g/L, 105 g/L≤Hb<115 g/L, and Hb≥115 g/L goups. Multivariate linear regression was performed to examine the differences in the length-of-stay between the groups and binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the differences between the groups in inpatient mortality, the rate of patient voluntary discharge against medical advice, incidence of acute ischemic injury, including acute kidney injury, myocardial infarction, and cerebral infarction, and length-of-stay longer than 28 days. In addition, the effects of multiple interactions between initial postoperative Hb and the types of surgery, the amount of intraoperative red blood cell infusion (red blood cell<8 U vs. red blood cell≥8 U), and preoperative anemia status (Hb<100 g/L vs. Hb≥100 g/L) on postoperative length-of-stay were analyzed. A total of 7528 patients were included in this study. Compared to those of the reference group, the 95 g/L≤Hb<105 g/L group, the length-of-stay of patients with initial postoperative Hb<75 g/L increased and the mortality (odds ratio [ OR]=2.562) and the rate of voluntary discharge against medical advice ( OR=1.681) increased significantly. Patients in the 75 g/L≤Hb<85 g/L group had increased length-of-stay and increased incidence of acute ischemic injury ( OR=1.778) relative to the reference group. The interaction analysis showed that there was significant interaction between initial postoperative Hb and the types of surgery, which influenced the postoperative length-of-stay. In non-cardiac surgery patients who have receive blood transfusion, initial postoperative Hb<85 g/L is associated with poorer prognosis. However, those patients with higher initial postoperative Hb did not gain more benefits, suggesting that 85 g/L≤Hb<95 g/L may be the target Hb value for sensible intraoperative transfusion.