Effect Of Elemental Sulfur Research Articles

Effect of elemental sulphur on some properties of calcareous soils and growth of date palm seedlings

Abstract Seedlings of date palm (Khlas cultivar) were grown in two soils with similar contents of CaCO3 and different clay contents. After addition of farmyard manure, elemental sulphur was added to both soils at rates of 0, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10000, 20000 and 30000 μg S0 g−1. After five months, height, fresh and dry weight of plants were measured, and leaf contents of N, S, P and micronutrients were determined. Soil pH and contents of CaCO3, soluble salts and available P and micronutrients were determined. The results showed that the content of CaCO3 and pH values decreased with an increase in S0, and salinity was increased. This effect was more pronounced in soils containing less clay. Availability and uptake of P, Fe, Mn, and Zn were increased at high addition rates of S0. Growth of seedlings was reduced at S0 rates over 5000 μg g−1, possibly due to the salinity and imbalance between N and S.

The effects of elemental sulphur on flowering and pod maturation in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under irrigation

Field experiments were carried out for two consecutive seasons (1980/81–81/82) in order to study the effects of elemental sulphur on flowering and pod maturation in groundnut under irrigation. Four rates of elemental sulphur (0, 50, 100, 150 kg S/ha) were used. Each rate was applied either at sowing, at maximum flowering or split equally between these two stages. Flower number per plant, total and mature pod number per plant as well as seed weight were significantly increased by sulphur when applied at sowing. Sulphur applied at flowering had no effect on these attributes. In addition, protein and total sulphur content of seeds were significantly increased by all sulphur treatments. The greatest response was obtained at or below 50 kg S/ha but above this rate there was no further increase in response.

The effect of elemental sulfur, gypsum and ammonium thiosulfate as sulfur sources on yield of rapeseed

Abstract A growth chamber experiment was conducted to compare ammonium thiosulfate, gypsum and elemental sulfur in the form of Agrisul as sources of sulfur for rapeseed (Brassica napus var. Regent). Rapeseed supplied with ammonium thiosulfate or gypsum produced significantly higher yields than treatments supplied with elemental sulfur. Powdering and mixing of elemental sulfur, as opposed to banding granules, significantly increased dry matter yield of rapeseed. While not always significant, there was a trend towards higher dry matter yields where gypsum granules were mixed as opposed to banded and where ammonium thiosulfate was placed in a band as opposed to being mixed throughout the soil.

The effect of elemental sulfur on certain chemical and biological properties of surface organic horizons of a forest soil

Elemental sulfur is a by-product of sour natural gas processing in Alberta, Canada. Breakup and weathering of the storage elemental sulfur blocks has resulted in the deposition of large amounts of elemental sulfur into adjacent forest ecosystems. This has caused considerable damage to the understory vegetation. Certain chemical and biological properties of surface organic forests horizons (LFH) that have been exposed to elemental sulfur for several years were examined over a 2-year period. Increasing concentrations of elemental sulfur (4 100 to 50 400 mg S kg soil−1) and 1.0 M NH4Cl extractable S and decreasing pH (4.4 to 2.4) occurred in the LFH with increasing proximity (750, 250, and 50 m) to the elemental sulfur source. Thiobacillusthiooxidans appeared to be the main organism responsible for elemental sulfur oxidation in all LFH samples. The site immediately adjacent to the elemental sulfur block (50 m) showed reduced concentrations of total and 1.0 M NH4Cl extractable Ca, Mg, K, and Mn. In addition, in the 2nd year of sampling, CO2 respiration in nonamended and glucose-amended samples was significantly reduced. The other sites (250 and 750 m from the block) showed no significant decrease in nutrient status or heterotrophic microbial activity.

Pyrolysis of primary and hydrogenated kerosenes

Pyrolysis of primary, hydrotreated and hydrogenated kerosene and hydrogenated fraction 160-280 after separation of alkanes was studied in a stainless steel tubular reactor at 800 °C in the presence f steam. Pyrolysis of hydrogenated feedstocks leads to an increased conversion into low molecular olefins and alkanes. The presence of 0.05% of elemental sulphur increases the conversion of primary kerosene into gaseous pyrolysis products. The formation of carbon monoxide is inhibited by the passivation of the reactor wall with hydrogen sulphide. The effect of elemental sulphur on the formation of coke was investigated in the pyrolysis of kerosene in a stainless steel tubular reactor at 800 and 810 °C without steam. In comparison with the pyrolysis of primary kerosene, hydrogenated materials are more inclined to form coke. In the presence of 0.05% sulphur coking decreases.

Pyrolysis of hydrocarbons in the presence of elemental sulfur

The effect of elemental sulfur on the kinetics and selectivity of conversion of heptane was studied with regard to the inhibition of the coke formation during pyrolysis of raffinates from naphtha reforming. The experiments were conducted in stainless steel tubular through-flow reactors at atmospheric pressure. The heptane decomposition rate in the absence of sulfur was compared with that in the presence of 0.01, 0.02, and 0.1 wt.% sulfur at 700°C and with the steam-to-feed ratio 3:1. The influence of the inner surface of the reactor was investigated by using reactors with different equivalent volumes. The effect of sulfur on the coke formation during the pyrolysis of the reformer raffinate was examined at 820°C without any inert diluent.

Stimulative effect of elemental sulfur on siomycin production by Streptomyces sioyaensis.

The addition of elemental sulfur to the fermentation of Streptomyces sioyaensis in a soybean meal medium resulted in a three- to fourfold increase of siomycin. Further experiments on the effect of elemental sulfur during fermentation suggest that one of the key steps stimulating siomycin synthesis is the utilization of thiosulfate, which accumulates in the medium as the result of the oxidation of elemental sulfur.

Stimulative Effect of Elemental Sulfur on Siomycin Production by Streptomyces sioyaensis

The addition of elemental sulfur to the fermentation of Streptomyces sioyaensis in a soybean meal medium resulted in a three- to fourfold increase of siomycin. Further experiments on the effect of elemental sulfur during fermentation suggest that one of the key steps stimulating siomycin synthesis is the utilization of thiosulfate, which accumulates in the medium as the result of the oxidation of elemental sulfur.

Passivating Effect of Elemental Sulfur On Steel in Alkaline Pulping Liquors

Abstract Sulfur was added to alkaline pulping liquor and the time to passivation measured in two 3260 cu ft kraft digesters. The first digester was made of carbon steel partially coated with a stainless steel overlay while the second was of carbon steel only. With a sulfur addition of 0.32 lb per cu ft of liquor, complete passivation was obtained in both digesters. Without sulfur, passivation was delayed for 72 minutes in the carbon steel digester. The overall results showed that sulfur addition, either as such or combined with anodic protection, is another method of preventing corrosion in alkaline pulping digesters. 5.8.2, 6.2.3, 4.3.3

Effect of Elemental Sulfur in the Diet on Load-Extension Hysteresis in Single Wool Fibers

Effect of Elemental Sulfur in the Diet on Load-Extension Hysteresis in Single Wool Fibers