Effect Of Bone Marrow Cells Research Articles

Mechanism of stimulation of antibody-forming ability of bone marrow cells of mice immunized with staphylococci

The purpose of this paper is to study the formation of the ability of the bone marrow cells of mice immunized with staphylococci to create antibodies to this antigen. The research includes a study of the effect of the irradiation in vitro of the bone marrow cells on their stimulating activity and the role played by the thymus and spleen in the formation of this activity. Experiments were carried out on CBA and BALB/c mice as well as on mice with congenital absence of the thymus. The bone marrow cell donors were immunized intravenously with staphylococcal corpuscular antigen. Receptor mice were irradiated with cobalt 60 gamma radiation and injected intravenously with bone marrow cell extract from the immunized donors and were immunized with the antigen. Spleen cells were labelled with chromium 51 and injected intravenously into intact syngeneic recipients together with as well as without the antigen. Three days later the level of radioactivity in the spleen and femora of the animals was determined by scintillation counting. Total radioactivity of the bone marrow was calculated. Irradiation of the bone marrow cells of immunized animals was shown to abolish their stimulating effect on the humoral immune response of intact syngeneic recipientsmore » to the staphylococcal corpuscular antigen. Consequently, the immunostimulating effect of bone marrow cells is realized through the proliferating and radiosensitive lymphoid cells rather than through the macrophages.« less

Regulatory effect of bone marrow cells on human T lymphocyte function

A study was made of the regulatory effect of human bone marrow cells in two experimental systems: lymphocyte proliferation in response to PHA, and spontaneous and PHA-induced production of macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) by peripheral blood lymphocytes. It was shown that bone marrow cells inhibit the proliferative activity of stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes and induced MIF production. The effect of bone marrow cells on spontaneous MIF production was found to be inconclusive.

Suppressive effect of bone marrow cells of normal and leukemic mice on antibody production by spleen cell cultures in vitro

The suppressive activity of bone marrow cells from AKR and (CBA×C57BL)F1 mice aged 2 and 10 months in relation to the primary immune response of spleen cells to sheep's red blood cells in vitro was investigated. In leukemic AKR mice the suppressive activity of the bone marrow was shown to rise considerably until the 9th–10th month compared with that at the age of 2 months. In (CBA×C57BL)F1 mice the suppressive activity of bone marrow at these same times was unchanged.

Effect of bone marrow cells of B and nude mice on antibody production in vitro

The thymus-dependence of the ability of bone marrow cells to suppress, the primary immune response to sheep's red blood cells in a culture of spleen cells in vitro was studied. Bone marrow cells of mice with artificial (B mice) and inborn (nude mice) T-lymphocyte deficiency, as well as bone marrow cells from normal mice, were shownto suppress the production of antibody-forming cells in a culture of spleen cells.

The influence of ethanol treatment on cytogenetic effects in bone marrow cells of Chinese hamster by cyclophosphamide, aflatoxin B 1 and patulin

Chromosomes were investigated from the bone marrow of Chinese hamster which received 10% (v/v) ethanol as the only liquid supply for a period of 9 weeks. At the end of the ethanol drinking period 1 group of animals received 2 oral doses of 80 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CP), a second group received 2 oral doses of 25 mg/kg aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1), a third group 2 oral doses of 20 mg/kg patulin (PA). The 2 applications were separated by 24 h. The intake of ethanol had no effect on the bone marrow chromosones, and had no potentiating effect on CP induced aberrations. 9 weeks consumption of 10% (v/v) ethanol revealed likewise no influence on the frequencies on the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations induced by the indirect mutagen AFB 1. However, the rate of chromosomal aberrations induced by the direct mutagen PA was clearly suppressed in ethanol drinking animals.

Regulatory function of the bone marrow in immunogenesis I. Dissociation of marrow stimulating and suppressive effects in vitro

The stimulating and suppressive effects of bone marrow cells on antibody production induced in cultures of mouse spleen cells are described. Spleen and marrow cells were combined in a mixed culture or separated by a millipore membrane. Release of the marrow humoral factor which stimulated antibody formation required no direct contact between marrow and spleen cells. In contrast, the marrow humoral factor which suppressed antibody production was released as a result of direct contact of marrow cells with actively proliferating, antigen-stimulated spleen lymphocytes. The suppressive effect of this factor was mediated via inhibition of spleen cell proliferation. At the same time, proliferation of marrow cells became activated. The effectors of suppression are viable, proliferating marrow cells and suppression is not subject to allogeneic restriction nor does it depend upon priming of marrow donors.

Further studies of the effect of bone marrow cells on chemically induced lymphoma in C57BL-6 mice.

Injection of syngeneic bone marrow cell to adult C57BL/6 mice treated DMBA intragastrically failed to prevent lymphoma induced by the chemical.The present result seem to indicate that bone marrow cells do not hasten the regeneration of the transient injuried thymus by DMBA as compared with their effect in irradiated mice.IT APPEARS THAT, UNDER THE CONDITIONS USED, DMBA DOES NOT CAUSE SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE TO THE BONE MARROW SINCE MARROW CELLS FROM CHEMICALLY TREATED MICE WERE AS EFFECTIVE AS NORMAL MARROW CELLS IN: (a) preventing radiogenic leukaemia, (b) repairing radiation damage of the thymus, (c) preventing the lethal action of high doses of irradiation.Marrow cells failed to restore antibody formation to Shigella depressed by DMBA as they do in irradiated mice.The result strengthen our previous view on the critical role of bone marrow on the effects caused by irradiation and not in the leukaemia process as such.

The Enhancing Effect of Bone Marrow Cells on the Immune Response of Irradiated Mice Reconstituted with Spleen Cells from Normal and Immunized Donors

Summary The injection of 5 million normal bone marrow cells into cobalt-60 irradiated mice produced a striking effect on the size of the spleen and greatly enhanced the number of antibody-forming cells found in the spleen 6 days after the injection of sheep RBC and small numbers of spleen cells from normal or preimmunized mice. The experiments are interpreted as indicating a nonspecific effect of bone marrow cells on the localization or proliferation of antibody-forming cells. They negate previous claims that bone marrow enhancement can be considered evidence for a multipotential antibody-forming cell precursor. Note Added in Proof: In the Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 59: 296, 1968, G. F. Mitchell and J. F. A. P. Miller reported experiments indicating that in the thymus-bone marrow interaction the antibody was made in a cell derived from the bone marrow. That is indeed a remarkable nonspecific effect. If it can be shown that in the interaction between normal bone marrow and immune spleen cell the antibody is made in the bone marrow cell, then this would raise the question of how the memory was transferred.