Effect Of Organic Fertilizers Research Articles

Effects of organic fertilizers and tillage on yield and its components of three varieties of Corchorus olitorius L. produced in South Benin

Effects of organic fertilizers and tillage on yield and its components of three varieties of Corchorus olitorius L. produced in South Benin

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Effects on Highland Barley Growth and Nutrient Utilization

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Effects on Highland Barley Growth and Nutrient Utilization

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Soil Properties, Nutrient Dynamics, and Maize Yield (Zea mays L.)

A field experiment was carried out during the winter seasons of 2021-22 and 2022-23 at the Zonal Agriculture Research Station at Chhindwara. The objective of the experiment was to investigate the impact of various organic and inorganic fertilizers on the nutrient content (N, P, K & Zn), uptake and yield of maize. The experiment was structured using a randomized block design, incorporating ten treatments and three replications. The treatments were, T1 - Control (0:0:0), T2 - 100% RDF (120:60:40 kg NPK ha-1), T3 - 75% RDF, T4 - 50 % RDF, T5 - FYM 10 t ha-1 + Azotobacter, T6 - 100 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 FYM, T7 - 75 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 FYM, T8 - 50 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 FYM, T9 - 100 % RDF + 5 kg Zn ha-1 and T10 - FYM 5 t ha-1 (State practice). The result revealed that the application of 100 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 FYM (T6) recorded higher values of soil chemical properties viz., pH (7.167), EC (0.329), OC (0.350), available nitrogen (340.50), phosphorus (15.92) and potassium (320.26), nitrogen content in grain (1.638) and stover (0.482), phosphorus content in grain (0.407) and stover (0.040), potassium content in grain (0.554) and stover (1.636), nitrogen uptake (196.347), phosphorus uptake (36.107), potassium uptake (275.869), Zn content in grain (30.460 ppm) and stover (21.242 ppm), grain yield (7957.53 kg ha-1) and stover yield (14473.65 kg ha-1).

Effects of Liquid Organic Fertilizer on Soil Chemistry, Components and Yields of Maize West of Burkina Faso, West Africa

Aims: The aim of this study is to help increase crop yields and soil fertility. Location and Duration of Studies: The study took place in the western part of Burkina Faso. It is based on the use of a liquid organic fertilizer on corn producers' plots. These are soil fertility data and corn agronomic data over three successive campaigns (2021, 2022 and 2023). Methodology: A completely randomized block design with three replications comprising five (05) Treatments was set up. The fertilizers used were : NPK (15-15-15), urea (46%N) and liquid organic fertilizer. The liquid organic fertilizer was made using cowpea flour, neem leaves, sugar and animal waste (cow dung and urine). Soil samples were taken at six periods. The first sample was taken before sowing, followed by four more during cultivation and one just after harvesting. Measurements of height and diameter of the rod were taken on the 30th, 45th, 60th and 75th day after sowing. Results: Results showed that T1 recorded the best pH-water value (6.75) and total phosphorus (410.66 mg/kg). The T4 gave the highest levels of organic carbon (1.5%) and total nitrogen (1.44%). Concerning the cation exchange capacity (CEC), the highest content is obtained with T2 with a value of 10.23 cmol/kg. As for total potassium, the highest content is in T3, at 652.44 mg/kg. At the maturity, T2 has the highest average diameter at 16.35 mm. In terms of height, the absolute control present the tallest plants with an average value of 1.41m. The highest yields were obtained with T4 (1983.23 kg/ha), followed by T2 (1834.9 kg/ha), T1 (1723.43 kg/ha) and T3 (1557.12 kg/ha). Liquid organic fertilizer has been effective in producing grain yields at a rate of 40.58%. Conclusion: The liquid organic fertilizer applied alone has high carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and CEC content compared with the control. It was also efficient in grain yield production with a rate of 40.58%. In fact, it is imperative to carry out a test in a paysan environment before popularizing it.

Effectiveness of Organic Fertilizer Enriched with Humic Acid on Soil Chemical Quality, Nutrient Uptake, and Shallot Yield in Calcareous Soils

Calcareous soils have great potential for the development of food crops and horticulture, but they are constrained by high pH, low organic matter content, and less than optimal cation exchange capacity, thus affecting the availability of nutrients. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of organic fertilizer enriched with humic acid on soil chemical quality, nutrient uptake, and yield of shallots on calcareous soils. The study was designed with two factors, namely type of organic fertilizer (manure and bokashi) and concentration of humic acid (0%, 10%, and 20%) added to the organic fertilizer. The results of the study showed that the application of organic fertilizers, both manure and bokasih, had a similar effect on soil quality and shallot yields. However, the addition of humic acid at a concentration of 20% significantly improved the chemical properties of the soil, nutrient uptake (especially nitrogen and potassium), as well as the yield component of shallots when compared to the concentration of 10% and control. The addition of humic acid has been proven to be effective in improving nutrient availability and supporting plant growth. This innovation can be an effective solution to improve the quality of calcareous soils and agricultural products, especially shallots, which supports sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture. Keywords: Calcareous soil, Humic acid, Nutrient uptake, Organic fertilizer, Shallots.

Improvement of the elements of the technology of growing black currant seedlings

In recent years, the fruit growing industry has undergone significant changes, for example, over the past 10 years, domestic production of fruit and berry products has increased by more than 40%, the lion’s share of which is used in the food and processing industry of the Russian Federation, and occupy a special position there. Fruit and berry products are the most important source of vitamins, including vitamins such as C, P, E, K and carotene, which are not synthesized in our body in any way and must be supplied regularly with food. However, with the growth of production of these products, the need for planting material is also growing, as well as the cost of manufacturing the products themselves. In this regard, the low use of intensification agents in fruit growing, including the use of humic preparations and root-forming agents, significantly reduces the efficiency of production of high-quality planting material. To solve this problem and reduce the cost of producing seedlings by the method of lignified cuttings, it is necessary to use intensification techniques using organic fertilizers based on local raw materials. The research was carried out in 2019–2021 at the site of lignified cuttings of berry crops, the educational and experimental farm “Michurintsev Garden” of the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University. The paper analyzes the features of propagation of garden crops by the method of lignified cuttings. The effect of organic fertilizers on the survival, rooting and overwintering of cuttings is shown. The features of the growth and development of black currant under the action of organic fertilizers have been studied. The yield of commercial seedlings of garden crops has been established under the influence of applied technologies.

The Role of Organic and Biological Fertilizers on the Growth, Yield of Mung Bean Plant and Water Use Efficiency in Water Deficit Conditions in Northern Iran

ABSTRACT Knowledge of the yield of short-season crops under insufficient irrigation is of particular importance for regions that face water deficit during the plant growth period. This experiment was carried out by investigating the effects of organic and biological fertilizers on the growth, yield and water use efficiency of mung bean plants under water deficit conditions and the traits affecting grain yield. Experiment treatments including irrigation at three levels (100, 80 and 60% of water requirement (WR)), organic fertilizer (0 and 16 and 24 t/ha manure) and biofertilizer (control, Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and enterobacter (EB)). In stress and non-stressed conditions, the application of AM and organic fertilizer has increased the number of seeds and the number of plant pods. The highest weight of one hundred seeds was obtained in the condition of 80% WR and application of organic and biological fertilizer. The number of primary branches was higher with the use of EB, but the highest number of secondary branches was observed in the plant with AM. The highest plant height, biological yield and seed were observed in the condition of 100% WR and 24 t/ha of organic fertilizer and application of AM and EB. The highest water use efficiency was obtained with irrigation of 80% WR and application of AM and 24 t/ha of organic fertilizer, as well as irrigation of 60% WR and application of AM and 24 t/ha of organic fertilizer. The use of organic fertilizer along with biofertilizers in stress conditions has increased the measured traits, and this increase was more in severe stress with AM than EB fertilizer. The results of the path analysis showed that the weight of one hundred seeds, the number of seeds in the pod and biological yield are the most direct effects on seed yield.

Effect of Biochar-Based Organic Fertilizers on the Transport and Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Soil and Plants

Anaerobically digested digestate is mostly used as organic fertilizer, but there is still a potential risk of heavy metal pollution. Biochar and bio-organic fertilizer through passivation can effectively reduce the mobility of heavy metal ions in soil, with the strong adsorption capacity of heavy metals, and are widely used in soil remediation. In this study, digestate as raw material supplemented with biochar was applied to simulated heavy metal-contaminated soil, and its effects on heavy metal content and the transformation of forms in soil and crop systems were systematically investigated. The application of biochar-based organic fertilizer to simulated heavy metal-contaminated soils resulted in large differences in the morphological distribution of heavy metals, which was reflected in a significant decrease in the content of heavy metals in the weakly acid-extractable state and an increase in the content of heavy metals in the residue state, and promoted the transformation of soil heavy metals from the weakly acid-extractable state to the residue state. There were differences in the accumulation of heavy metals in the above ground and below ground parts of cabbage, and Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were mainly accumulated in the below ground parts of the plants. The present study offers an effective methodology for the remediation of soil and plant contamination by a range of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb), from the weak acid extraction stage to the residue stage. This approach is of particular significance for the advancement of sustainable agriculture and environmental remediation.

Effect of Different Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield Parameters of Maize (Zea mays L.)

A field experiment was conducted during summer season of 2021-22 at Zonal Agriculture Research Station, Chhindwara, and analytical works were done in laboratories Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Jabalpur (MP). The objective of experiment was to find out the effect of different organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth parameters and yield of maize. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with ten treatments and three replications. The treatments were, T1 - Control (0:0:0), T2 - 100% RDF (120:60:40 kg NPK ha-1), T3 - 75% RDF, T4 - 50 % RDF, T5 - FYM 10 t ha-1 + Azotobacter, T6 - 100 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 FYM, T7 - 75 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 FYM, T8 - 50 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 FYM, T9 - 100 % RDF + 5 kg Zn ha-1 and T10 - FYM 5 t ha-1 (State practice). The result revealed that the application of Application of T6 - 100 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 FYM was recorded higher values of all the growth parameters and yield of maize at harvest viz., plant height (212.22 cm), dry matter accumulation (296.15 g/plant), leaf area index (4.335 %), crop growth rate (CGR) (24.375), relative Growth Rate (RGR) (2.711), grain yield (7844.41 kg/ha) and stover yield (14223.98 kg/ha).

Effects of Different Organic Fertilizers on Yield and Yield-Related Characteristics in Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Cultivation Under the Ecological Conditions of Tokat, Türkiye

This research was carried out during the 2022 and 2023 growing seasons on Agricultural Research and Application Fields of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University. The study aimed to investigate the effects of different organic fertilizers and application rates on the yield and yield-related characteristics of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). The experiment was designed using a split plot arrangement in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The main plots were assigned to five organic fertilizer types: Leonardite, Vermicompost, Solid Humus, Chicken Manure and Sheep Manure, while the subplots included in the same way in all fertilizer forms four fertilizer doses (0, 150, 300 and 600 kg/da). The study utilized “Çameli” variety, the only registered Nigella sativa L. variety in Turkiye. Key parameters examined over both years included plant height (cm), number of branches per plant (number), number of capsules per plant (number), number of grains per capsule (number), thousand seed weight (g), seed yield (kg/da). The results; revealed that the average plant height ranged from 39.76 to 54.33 cm, the number of branchers per plant, ranged from 6.22 to 6.35, the number of capsules per plant ranged from 13.43 to 14.88, the number of seed per capsule ranged from 98.56 to 104.00, thousand seed weight varied between 2.50 and 3.11 g, seed yield ranged from 135.26 to 135.41 kg/da. Statistically significant differences (p<0.01) were observed for all examined characteristics. Based on the two-year results the application of chicken manure at 300 kg/da was identified as the most effective treatment, significantly enhancing plant height, capsule number and thousand seed weight. This finding reveals that the use of organic fertilizer in black cumin cultivation is an important alternative for farmers who want to both increase yield and prefer a natural production method.

Impact of Organic Materials (Tea Waste and Farm Manure) on Yield, Protein Content, Fiber Fractions, and Mineral Composition of Tea Plants in an Organic System

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the effects of organic materials and fertilizers on tea plant yield and quality in an organic tea garden in Türkiye. The objective was to identify sustainable alternatives to synthetic fertilizers that could enhance tea production while maintaining or improving nutritional quality. A two-year field study (2019–2020) was conducted in an organic tea garden in Pazar, Rize, Türkiye, to assess the impacts of various organic materials on tea plant yield and quality. A Randomized Complete Block Design with split-split plots was employed, with three organic materials (Control, Farm Manure, Tea Waste) as main plots, five organic fertilizers (Control, Organoferm, Neobioplus, Bionur, Orbitosol) as subplots, and three harvest times as sub-sub plots. The study analyzed fresh and dry yield, protein content, cell wall components (Acid Detergent Fiber [ADF] and Neutral Detergent Fiber [NDF] representing indigestible fiber fractions, and Acid Digestible Protein [ADP] indicating protein availability), and macroelements (Phosphorus [P], Potassium [K], Calcium [Ca], and Magnesium [Mg]). Tea waste significantly enhanced protein content, yield, and phosphorus levels, while farm manure increased fresh and dry yields, as well as potassium and magnesium concentrations. Organoferm fertilizer improved most quality parameters except for calcium and magnesium. Results indicated that organic amendments, particularly farm manure, tea waste and Organoferm fertilizer, can be effective in improving tea plant yield and nutritional quality, offering a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers.

Impact of Combined Vermicompost and Inorganic Fertilizers on Bread Wheat Yield, Yield Component and Soil Properties in Sinana District, Bale Highlands, Ethiopia

A field experiment was made to evaluate the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of wheat and soil chemical properties. The study was conducted for two consecutive cropping seasons (2023-2024) on farmers’ fields in the Sinana district of Oromia National Regional State. Therefore, this study has attempted to evaluate the effect of the integrated use of vermicompost and inorganic fertilizer on bread wheat production and soil fertility improvement in the study area. Fertilizer source organic Sources of nutrients both included (vermicompost) and inorganic fertilizer (urea and NPS) were used in the integrated form. These treatments consist of: T1 = Control (no input) T2 = Recommend NP, T3 =25% RVC + 75% N + Rec P, T4 =100% RVC + rec P, T5 =50% RVC + 50% N + rec P and T6 =75% RVC + 25% N + Rec P. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Soil sampling and agronomic data on wheat grain yield and yield components were collected. Accordingly, the highest mean grain yield (5403.67kgha-1) was recorded from the plot of T2 (Recommended rate from inorganic) flowed by (5186.00 kgha-1) was recorded from T3 (25% RVC + 75% N + Rec P) while the lowest grain yield (2637.67 kgha-1) was recorded from control plot. The partial budget analysis was performed for alternative uses of integrated organic and inorganic fertilizer applications for bread wheat production. The results showed that the application of integrated vermicompost with recommended rates of inorganic NP significantly increased the yield and yield components. It can be concluded that the application of integrated vermicompost and recommended rate of inorganic NP fertilizers (25 % Equivalent N from + 75 % N + Rec P is desirable) based on environmental sustainability for future productivity. This experiment has to be repeated over seasons and locations to make conclusive recommendations for the study area.

Meta-analysis on the Effects of Organic Fertilizer Application on Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agricultural Soils

To explore the direct and indirect effects of organic fertilizer application on greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural soils, a total of 1228 groups of data from 129 published studies were selected. Meta-analysis was used to analyze the effects of organic fertilizer on global greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural soils and their influencing factors. Meanwhile, a structural equation model （SEM） was further constructed to quantify and determine the causal relationships between the factors. The results showed that, overall, compared with those under no fertilization, organic fertilizer substitution increased CO2 emissions by 70.73% （lnR： 0.53, 95%CI： 0.45-0.62）, CH4 emissions by 52.58% （lnR： 0.42, 95%CI： 0.26-0.59）, and N2O emissions by 208.14% （lnR： 1.13, 95%CI： 1.04-1.21）, respectively. Compared with those under the application of inorganic fertilizers, the substitution of organic fertilizers increased CO2 emissions by 19.24% （lnR： 0.18, 95%CI： 0.13-0.22）, CH4 emissions by 27.72% （lnR： 0.24, 95%CI： 0.15-0.34）, and N2O emissions by -3.66% （lnR：-0.04, 95%CI：-0.11- 0.04）. Under the application of organic fertilizer, the dryland system had the greatest impact on both CO2 and N2O emissions, and the rice system had the most significant effect on CH4 emission effects. The average CO2 growth rate was highest in silty soils, and sandy soils had a greater effect on the average growth rates of N2O and CH4. The average growth rate of CO2 and N2O was extremely large under straw substitution compared to that under commercial organic fertilizer and biogas. The substitution of farmyard manure had significant CH4 emissions from soil promotion. Greenhouse gas emissions were significantly increased under the nitrogen fertilizer and organic fertilizer treatments. The SEM showed that mean annual temperature （MAT） was the most important environmental determinant of CO2 and N2O emissions, in which soil CO2 emissions were significantly positively correlated with MAT （P < 0.01） and soil N2O emissions were negatively correlated with MAT. The main environmental determinants of CH4 emissions in dryland, grassland, and rice systems were annual precipitation （MAP） and mean annual temperature （MAT）, respectively, which were both significantly and positively correlated with each other （P < 0.05）. This research can provide a scientific basis for optimizing fertilizer management and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from farmland.

Sulphur distribution and fractionation in calcareous soils: Impact of long-term organic and inorganic inputs in rice-based systems

This study examines the long-term effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil sulphur (S) dynamics and fractionation in rice-based cropping systems on calcareous soils, addressing critical gaps in understanding S distribution and availability. The findings reveal that prolonged fertilization significantly influences S content across various soil depths, with the most pronounced increases in available S occurring at 30-45 cm, particularly in plots treated with compost. Compost amendments were especially effective in enhancing S availability, promoting greater S accumulation compared to inorganic fertilizers alone. The fractionation analysis highlighted that fertilization strategies and cropping systems affected different S fractions, with organically bound sulphur being the dominant form. Total S content increased substantially with the application of both organic and inorganic fertilizers, with compost at 5 t ha-1 showing the greatest impact. The study also demonstrated that S concentrations increased with soil depth, influenced primarily by organic inputs such as compost. These results emphasize the crucial role of organic inputs, particularly compost, in improving S availability and its distribution within the soil profile, which is essential for optimizing nutrient management in rice-based cropping systems. The research underscores the importance of adopting long-term fertilization strategies that combine organic and inorganic inputs to enhance soil health, sustain crop productivity, and ensure the efficient cycling of essential nutrients like sulphur. By providing insights into the interplay between fertilization practices and sulphur dynamics, the study offers valuable guidance for sustainable agricultural management in rice based systems, particularly in calcareous soils, where the use of compost can significantly boost available S levels and improve overall soil fertility.

Sustainable Fertilization of Organic Sweet Cherry to Improve Physiology, Quality, Yield, and Soil Properties

Sustainable fertilization techniques are essential in Mediterranean farming systems, where the depletion of organic matter, influencing soil water and nutrient availability, is becoming an increasing concern. In this context, organic fertilizers offer an effective strategy to restore soil fertility while reducing environmental impacts. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of different organic fertilizers on soil quality and tree performance in a sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) orchard. This study was conducted in two growing seasons (2021–2022) in an organic orchard in Southern Italy, comparing four treatments: (i) compost, (ii) compost combined with compost tea, (iii) mixed manure, and (iv) an unfertilized control. The results indicated that compost tea, applied both to the soil and as a foliar spray, significantly improved tree water status, particularly under water stress conditions, as reflected by more negative stem water potential values. Moreover, this treatment enhanced photosynthetic performance, yield, and fruit quality, achieving the highest ratio of soluble solids content/total acidity. The findings suggest that compost tea, in combination with compost, could be a sustainable and valuable fertilization option for Mediterranean organic tree orchards. However, further studies are necessary to understand the benefits of other fruit orchards as well as the long-term effects on soils.

Effect of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Nitrogen Fertilizer on Major Grain Yield in China

To comprehensively assess the changing pattern of organic fertilizer substitution with nitrogen fertilizer on the yield of major grains in China, with 102 literature as the research object, through Meta-analysis we quantitatively explored the impacts of soil physicochemical properties, climatic conditions, and different nitrogen fertilizer replacement rates and supplemental application amounts. The results showed that the replacement of nitrogen fertilizer by organic fertilizer could increase crop yields compared with those from the application of nitrogen fertilizer alone, and soil quick-acting potassium content, pH, and annual average temperature had the most significant effects on the yields of the three major grains. When the nitrogen fertilizer replacement rate and the amount of supplemental nitrogen fertilizer applied were 31.06% and 241.78 kg·hm-2, 26.52% and 173.31 kg·hm-2, and 39.23% and 149.17 kg·hm-2, the optimum yield increase ratios of 3.31%, 3.32%, and 1.08% were achieved for maize, wheat, and rice, respectively. Thus, the results of this study can provide a reference basis for rational fertilizer application in future crop production and help promote green agriculture.

The effect of biochar and liquid organic fertilizer to Mentha spicata physiological activities

Mint (Mentha spicata L.) is a medicinal plant that produces essential oils usually used in medicines, food, toothpaste, and cosmetics. Mint leaves are the primary organ taken as an essential oil production material. Increasing leaf production, which is studied through the physiological activity of mint, can be done by meeting plant nutrient needs. Biochar and liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) can be used as alternative soil conditioners and fertilizers to meet plant nutrient needs. This research was conducted in the Faculty of Agriculture’s Greenhouse using a factorial Randomized Complete Group Design (RCGD), which consists of two factors, namely biochar and liquid organic fertilizer of fish waste. The type of biochar consists of no biochar treatment, palm fiber biochar, and rice husk biochar. Fish waste liquid organic fertilizer consists of no LOF treatment, 5 ml/L water, 10 ml/L water, and P3 15 ml/L water. The results of biochar types increased the chlorophyll content of mint, which were 1.14, 0.51, and 1.14 mg.g-1. The treatment of fish waste liquid organic fertilizer increased the transpiration rate of mint, which were 1.27 CO2-1.L-1.minute-1.

Partitioning of Organic Fertilizers in the Production of Kale

Abstract In the production of kale, nitrogen is one of the nutrients that the plant needs in greater quantity. Its application must be divided throughout the cycle, due to the loss by leaching. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of splitting organic fertilizers in topdressing on the production of kale. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with four replications, with seven treatments being evaluated in a 2 x 3 + 1 factorial scheme, the first factor was the fertilizers (castor bean cake and bokashi) and the second the application intervals (7; 14 and 21 days), in addition to the control without topdressing fertilization. The amount of each fertilizer was calculated to provide the same dose of N (40 kg ha-1) every 21 days. The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves per plant (NLP), leaf fresh matter mass (LFMM), leaf length at the beginning (LLB), middle (LLMe) and end (LLE) of the cycle and “SPAD” index. There was no interaction between the factors, for any characteristic evaluated. For all traits, the values observed in control was lower than treatments with topdressing. The increases of treatments of factorial in relation to the control were 37.8% (plant height); 31.8% (SD); 157.1% (NLP); 213.5% (MLFMM); 7.6% (LLB); 80.2% (LLMe) and 126.6% for the “SPAD” index. It is recommended to use castor bean cake and split it every 21 days as it results in less labor for application.

The potential of fungi-bacterial biofilm, compost, and LOF compared with chemical fertilization in supporting the growth of pakcoi (Brassica rapa var chinensis)

Excessive chemical fertilizers can increase carbon emissions and accelerate land degradation. To overcome this challenge, mitigation efforts are needed, such as using biofilm-forming microbes to reduce water evaporation and household waste as compost and liquid organic fertilizer to improve degraded soil quality. This study aims to determine the effect of Biofilm Biofertilizer, Compost, and Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) on the growth of pakcoi plants. This study used a three-factor (fertilizer type, inorganic fertilizer doses, and organic fertilizer doses) with a Complete Group Randomized Design with 14 treatments (N0: Control, N1: 100 % NPK + 0 Organic fertilizer, NB 2: 75% NPK + 25% BFBF, NB 3: 50% NPK + 50% BFBF, NB 4: 25 % NPK + 75% BFBF, NB 5: 0% NPK + 100% BFBF, NP 2: 75% NPK + 25% LOF, NP 3: 50% NPK + 50% LOF, NP 4: 25 % NPK + 75% LOF, NP 5: 0 NPK + 100 % LOF, NR 2: 75% NPK + 25% Compost, NR 3: 50% NPK + 50% Compost, NR 4: 25 % NPK + 75% Compost, NR 5: 0% NPK + 100% Compost). The observation parameters in this study include plant height, number, and width of leaves. Data analysis was carried out with ANOVA and continued with DMRT. The results showed that the 50% NPK + 50% biofilm biofertilizer treatment can increase plant height, leaf width, and fresh weight of pakchoi plants compared to the control, while the number of leaves with 100% LOF was 16,69% higher than the control. These findings support climate change mitigation strategies by reducing chemical fertilizers that contribute to carbon emissions while adopting sustainable agricultural practices that utilize biofilms and organic materials to increase productivity while maintaining ecosystem health.

Performance and legacy effect of crop rotations on eastern Canadian dairy farms

AbstractCrop rotations on dairy farms in eastern Canada nowadays include fewer perennial crops and more nitrogen‐demanding annual crops. This study compared, over a 7‐year rotation cycle, the agronomic performance and the legacy effect of six crop rotations that varied in crop types (perennial or annual) and nutrient sources (mineral or organic). Crop yield and nutritive value were determined on a yearly basis and cumulated over the rotation cycle. The legacy effect was assessed by growing forage corn (Zea mays L.) in year 6 and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in year 7 in all rotations. The legacy effect of perennial forage crops manifested with a 78% lower weed biomass at harvest of forage corn in year 6 and a 14% greater soybean yield in year 7. A greater soil‐derived corn nitrogen uptake in year 6 after repeated slurry applications indicated a modest legacy effect of organic fertilization on soil N supply capacity. The presence of perennial forage crops or the use of organic fertilization did not affect cumulative dry matter or crude protein production over the 7‐year rotation cycle. The addition of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in mixture with perennial grasses improved forage yield (+26%) and nutritive value (greater digestible energy and crude protein concentration) in post‐seeding years. In perennial‐based rotations, adding alfalfa to grasses resulted in greater dry matter (+22%) and crude protein (+46%) productions over the 7‐year cycle despite a fourfold reduction in N fertilizer input, attesting to the high N use efficiency of perennial legume‐based cropping systems.