Effectiveness Of Media Campaigns Research Articles

Effect of Media Campaigns on Educating (Gen Z) in Saudi Arabia About Sustainable, Eco-Friendly Clothing

This study sought to assess the level of familiarity among Generation Z in Saudi Arabia with the concept of eco-friendly clothing, and identify the type of media campaigns that have the most significant impact on the purchasing decisions of Generation Z. The study employed the descriptive research design and utilized quantitative analysis to analyze the collected data. The study focused on the Generation Z age group, which was sampled using non-probability purposive sampling techniques. The study found that Gen Z of Jeddah has a moderate to high level of familiarity with eco-friendly clothing. Social media is frequently the primary source of knowledge for eco-fashion for Gen Z. However, despite their heavy use of social media, Gen Z needs more information on sustainable fashion. As a result, more social media campaigns are needed to further educate and update Gen Z on sustainable fashion consumption.

Attitudes of Egyptian and Saudi University Youth towards the Effectiveness of Media Campaigns on Social Networking Sites in Raising Awareness of the Coronavirus. (Comparative Study)

The research aims to identify the rate of exposure of Egyptian and Saudi university youth to media campaigns on social media sites to raise awareness of the Coronavirus and to monitor the trend of young people towards the information provided about the Coronavirus. The research used the survey method in its field apartment on a sample of Egyptian and Saudi university youth, as well as the comparative approach to identify the similarities and differences in the study sample. The most important results: The (We Are All Responsible) campaign ranked first in terms of media campaigns preferred by Saudi university youth with a relative importance of (97.5%), while the “Protect Yourself, Protect Your Nation” campaign ranked first in terms of media campaigns preferred by Egyptian university youth with relative importance. The amount of (91.83%) and the Egyptian and Saudi university youth agreed to choose because it provides information about the Coronavirus and how to prevent it in the first place with a relative importance of (95.17%) in the motives for following up on media campaigns, and there are no differences between the sample members at the three socio-economic levels on a scale The trend towards the effectiveness of campaigns in raising awareness of the Coronavirus as a total degree, where the value of (t) was not significant at the 0.05. level.

Tabloid Media Campaigns and Public Opinion: Quasi-Experimental Evidence on Euroscepticism in England

Whether powerful media outlets have effects on public opinion has been at the heart of theoretical and empirical discussions about the media’s role in political life. Yet, the effects of media campaigns are difficult to study because citizens self-select into media consumption. Using a quasi-experiment—the 30-year boycott of the most important Eurosceptic tabloid newspaper, The Sun, in Merseyside caused by the Hillsborough soccer disaster—we identify the effects of The Sun boycott on attitudes toward leaving the EU. Difference-in-differences designs using public opinion data spanning three decades, supplemented by referendum results, show that the boycott caused EU attitudes to become more positive in treated areas. This effect is driven by cohorts socialized under the boycott and by working-class voters who stopped reading The Sun. Our findings have implications for our understanding of public opinion, media influence, and ways to counter such influence in contemporary democracies.

Who are the actual beneficiaries of health promotion? An evaluation of health promotion scope in Yogyakarta

Healthy lifestyle media campaign is one of health promotion method that offers a challenge in evaluation. Healthy lifestyle media campaign doesn’t usually result in behaviour change because the changing needs times and provision of other interventions. This study was trying to evaluate a healthy lifestyle media campaign developed by District Health Office of Yogyakarta using the RE-AIM framework. The mixed method study consists of a quantitative approach to describe the reach of media campaigns and the qualitative approach to describe public perception of media campaign effectiveness. This study’s total sample is 288 respondents (32+ 11 y.o; 57.56 % women) consists of community, cadres, and students. The data were collected through survey, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Healthy lifestyle media have not been able to reach all respondents. Nine from 11 produced media were not known by more than 60 % respondents. Respondents describe media distribution, media placement, media competition and channel suitability as the factors that affect their familiarity with healthy lifestyle media campaign. Not all media could reach enough target in the community. Health promoter should take notice on the media’s ability to reach specific targets when developing the media campaign.

A mathematical model for jiggers infestation incorporating effects of media campaigns

Jiggers infestation remains a problem especially in areas with limited or no interventions. In this paper, a mathematical model that incorporates media campaigns is proposed with the aim of investigating the potential role awareness through media campaigns on jiggers infestation dynamics. We introduce a class of those that are aware in which the awareness does not completely protect individuals from jiggers. The model analysis is presented in terms of the basic reproduction number. Bifurcation analysis reveals that the model has an intrinsic backward bifurcation whenever the parameter that accounts for the proportion of larvae that develop into adult female fleas involved in jiggers transmission is included. Sensitivity analysis performed and the results suggest that the effective infestation contact rate, as well as the rate at which the larvae develop into adult fleas are the main mechanisms that fuel jiggers infestation. The implications of the result to public health and the management of jiggers infestations are discussed.

The Effect of Media Campaigns, Patient Characteristics, and Presenting Symptoms on Prehospital Delay in Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study

Delays in reperfusion therapy for myocardial infarction (MI) are associated with increased mortality and morbidity, and most of this delay is due to delay in patients initiating contact with emergency services. This study assesses the impact of the Australian National Heart Foundation media campaign and identifies patient characteristics and presenting symptoms that may contribute to delay. This prospective cohort study identified patients with a diagnosis of MI admitted to a single tertiary metropolitan hospital in Perth, Western Australia from July 2013 to January 2014. Patients were interviewed and responses were categorised to determine their reasons for delaying treatment and the impact of mass media campaigns. Delay times were analysed using multivariable linear regression models for the Whole Cohort (all patients admitted to the tertiary hospital, including patients from rural and peripheral hospitals) and the Direct Admission Cohort (patients admitted directly to the tertiary hospital). Of 376 patients, 255 patients provided consent, and symptom onset-time was available for 175 patients. While almost two thirds of the cohort was aware of media campaigns, awareness was not associated with decreased prehospital delay. Median delay was 3.9hours for the Whole Cohort and 3.5hours for the Direct Admission Cohort. Delay was associated with being widowed, symptom onset on a weekday compared with weekend, past medical history of MI and coronary artery bypass graft, private compared with ambulance transport to hospital, and lack of symptoms of sweating and weakness. In addition, for the Direct Admission Cohort, age and income were also associated with delay. This study did not find an association between awareness of media campaigns and delay. This study identified important characteristics and presenting symptoms that are associated with delay, and possibly relevant to future media campaigns.

Suicide Prevention Media Campaigns: A Systematic Literature Review

ABSTRACTSuicide prevention media campaigns are gaining traction as a means of combatting suicide. The current review set out to synthesize information about the effectiveness of these campaigns. We searched four electronic databases for studies that provided evidence on the effectiveness of media campaigns. We focused on studies that described an evaluation of the effectiveness of an entire campaign or a public service announcement explicitly aimed at suicide prevention. We identified 20 studies of varying quality. Studies that looked at whether campaign exposure leads to improved knowledge and awareness of suicide found support for this. Most studies that considered whether campaign materials can achieve improvements in attitudes toward suicide also found this to be the case, although there were some exceptions. Some studies found that media campaigns could boost help-seeking, whereas others suggested that they made no difference or only had an impact when particular sources of help or particular types of help-seeking were considered. Relatively few studies had sufficient statistical power to examine whether media campaigns had an impact on the ultimate behavioral outcome of suicides, but those that did demonstrated significant reductions. Our review indicates that media campaigns should be considered in the suite of interventions that might be used to prevent suicide. Evidence for their effectiveness is still amassing, but there are strong suggestions that they can achieve positive results in terms of certain suicide-related outcomes. Care should be taken to ensure that campaign developers get the messaging of campaigns right, and further work is needed to determine which messages work and which ones do not, and how effective messages should be disseminated. There is an onus on those developing and delivering campaigns to evaluate them carefully and to share the findings with others. There is a need for evaluations that employ rigorous designs assessing the most pertinent outcomes. These evaluations should explore the nature of given campaigns in detail – in particular the messaging contained within them – in order to tease out which messages work well and which do not. They should also take into account the reach of the campaign, in order to determine whether it would be reasonable to expect that they might have their desired effect.

KEEFEKTIFAN MEDIA KOMUNIKASI VISUAL SEBAGAI PENUNJANG PROMOSI PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI RAHARJA

The development of visual communication media at this time is very helpful in supporting information and communication. But often presented visual communication media are less effective and appropriate. While so many universities in Indonesia, the increasingly fierce competition in attracting new students. Media Visual Communication can be applied to college in introducing or raising the image and popularity or promote and provide information to prospective students. In essence, in this case the effectiveness of media campaigns assessed in spreading information, influence or persuade prospective students and new student to join the university. The method used by the questionnaires to assess the effectiveness of implemented that have been implemented such as brochures, banners, posters, billboards, catalogs, paper bag, flyers and merchandise. In conclusion, this article specifically assess visual communication media from case studies in Perguruan Tinggi Raharja considered effective and consistent contribution.. This study found a great opportunity to improve the promotion of additional digital marketing media campaign called the college through the stages resulting in some visual communication media that can be received by the target audience. To create a media campaign needs planning in accordance with the background of the problem so that the media are made to overcome the problems encountered

How Media Campaigns Influence Children's Physical Activity: Expanding the Normative Mechanisms of the Theory of Planned Behavior

This study explicates mechanisms of media campaign effectiveness in the context of children's physical activity. The authors’ model expands the theory of planned behavior by integrating injunctive and descriptive norms into its normative mechanism. Analysis of a 3-wave nationally representative evaluation survey among 1,623 tweens indicates that campaign exposure is significantly related, but only indirectly, to both physical activity intention and physical activity behavior. Instead, campaign exposure seems more strongly related to perceived behavioral control and attitudes toward physical activity. By contrast, perceived behavioral control and descriptive norms are strongly related to behavioral intention. The findings suggest that integrating normative mechanisms with the theory of planned behavior can improve efforts to predict and explain a health behavior.

Effectiveness of a Mass Media Campaign in Promoting HIV Testing Information Seeking Among African American Women

“Take Charge. Take the Test.” (TCTT), a media campaign promoting HIV testing among African American women, was piloted in Cleveland and Philadelphia from October 2006 to October 2007. This study assesses TCTT's effectiveness in promoting HIV testing information seeking among target audiences in each pilot city. The authors analyzed data on telephone hotlines promoted by the campaign and the www.hivtest.org Web site to examine trends in hotline calls and testing location searches before, during, and after the campaign. Cleveland hotline data were available from October 1, 2005, through February 28, 2008, for a total of 29 months (N = 126 weeks). Philadelphia hotline data were available from May 1, 2006, through February 28, 2008, for a total of 22 months (N = 96 weeks). The authors assessed the relation between market-level measures of the campaign's advertising activities and trends in hotline call volume and testing location searches. They found a significant relation between measures of TCTT advertising and hotline calls. Specifically, they found that increases in advertising gross ratings points were associated with increases in call volume, controlling for caller demographics and geographic location. The campaign had similar effects on HIV testing location searches. Overall, it appears the campaign generated significant increases in HIV information seeking. Results are consistent with other studies that have evaluated the effects of media campaigns on similar forms of information seeking. This study illustrates useful methods for evaluating campaign effects on information seeking with data on media implementation, hotline calls, and zip code–based searches for testing locations.

Effect of Media Campaigns and Smoke-Free Ordinance on Public Awareness and Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Taiwan

This study evaluated the effect of Taiwan's smoke-free ordinance and media campaigns on public awareness and secondhand smoke exposure. The authors conducted 3 waves of research—in July 2008 (before media campaigns), in December 2008 (during media campaigns), and in March 2009 (3 months after implementation of the smoke-free law). National representative samples of 1074, 1084, and 1094 people, respectively, were interviewed successfully by telephone in the 3 surveys. The results showed that general awareness of smoke-free workplace legislation rose dramatically from 28.5% in July 2008 to 87.6% in December 2008 to 93.6% in March 2009. Exposure to secondhand smoke in the workplace fell from 28.5% in July 2008 to 24.9% in December 2008 to 7.3% in March 2009, and household secondhand smoke exposure decreased from 36.8% to 34.3% to 21.3%, respectively, during the same period. Multivariate analyses results indicated that media campaigns, smoke-free ordinance implementation, having higher education, and having higher income were associated with more awareness of the smoke-free workplace legislation. In addition, smoke-free ordinance implementation, being female, having higher education, and having higher income were associated with less likelihood of reporting secondhand smoke exposure in the workplace. In conclusion, smoke-free ordinance implementation and media campaigns were effective in raising public awareness of the new law and reducing secondhand smoke exposure in workplaces, in public places, and at home.

Media Campaign Effectiveness in Promoting a Smoking-Cessation Program

Little is known about the perceived barriers among smokers who do not utilize phone-based, population-level smoking-cessation services. The purpose of this study was to improve understanding of a media campaign's impact in promoting a phone-based, time-limited smoking-cessation program as measured by smoker awareness of the program, untapped interest in the program, perceived barriers to use of the program, and suggested methods for enhanced outreach. A random telephone survey of New York City smokers (n=1000) was conducted in 2006 in order to assess awareness of, interest in, and barriers to using the 2006 Nicotine Patch Program. Analyses were conducted in 2006 and 2007. The level of program awareness was high (60% overall), although it varied by demographic subgroup. The level of program interest among smokers unaware of the program was also encouragingly high (54%). Analysis of barriers to program use indicates that enrollment may be increased by addressing hesitance about using patches, developing messages for smokers who do not self-identify as smokers, and clarifying application procedures. Specific outreach strategies suggested by smokers include promotion through direct mail and advertising on public transportation. These data suggest that the use of mass media is an effective method for informing smokers about cessation services and that enrollment could be improved by modifying public messages to address barriers as well as expanding outreach to specific demographic groups. Improved outreach to smokers may be feasible using the strategies suggested by smokers in this survey. These findings can aid smoking-cessation services in expanding their reach and impact.

Studying the Process of Clinical Communication: Issues of Context, Concepts, and Research Directions

Much cancer-related health communication research has involved studies of the effects of media campaigns and strategies on secondary prevention. Cancer diagnosis rates, however, continue to affect millions of people. The need exists for communication studies to address the quality of the clinical interaction, the point of actual care delivery in addressing diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship. Using examples from a 6-year communication and behavioral oncology research program established at the Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) in Detroit, Michigan, we describe selected empirical issues; models, particularly the “convergence model” (adapted from Rogers & Kincaid, 1981); and associated constructs that are relevant and promising foundations for building future research in cancer clinical settings. Two examples from our empirical research program are described.

Critical steps in building the evidence base regarding media campaign effects on disadvantaged populations: A response to Fagan

Critical steps in building the evidence base regarding media campaign effects on disadvantaged populations: A response to Fagan

Media Effects on Public Safety following a Natural Disaster: Testing Lagged Dependent Variable Models

This study assesses news and media campaign effects during the recovery phase of a catastrophe. With data from a panel telephone survey in New Orleans in 2006, this study tests lagged dependent variable models for safety beliefs and safety behavior in the context of Hurricane Katrina. News attention and media campaign exposure influenced safety behavior. The effects of news attention were synchronous, while those of media campaign exposure were cross-lagged. In contrast, neither news attention nor media campaign exposure influenced safety beliefs, which may be attributable to ceiling effects of the belief measure. Safety beliefs did, however, have a cross-lagged influence on safety behavior.

Mass Media Use, Neighborliness, and Social Support

This study assesses pathways of causal influence between two mass media use measures (campaign exposure and news attention) and two indicators of social capital (neighborliness and social support). This assessment encompasses the evaluation of a health media campaign that targeted African Americans in New Orleans following Hurricane Katrina. Analysis of panel survey data indicated a significant over-time increase in neighborliness but not social support. Among the three cross-lagged effect models of influence, the best fit was of the mass media use causes social capital model. Similarly, among the three synchronous effect models of influence, the best fit was of the mass media use causes social capital model. This analysis provides support for the media campaign's effectiveness and, more broadly, allows for the extension of recent research that has used panel data to strengthen inferences of causation in different mass communication scenarios.

Mass media exposure among urban youth in Nepal

The mass media can serve to dis seminate in for mation about sexuality, health and other aspects of well-being to a variety of au diences, in cluding adolescents and young adults. They can improve knowledge and shape perceptions and attitudes about various subjects, and in fluence sexual and reproductive behaviour (Alan Guttmacher Institute, Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, and National Press Foundation, 1996; McCauley and Salter, 1995; Strasburger, 1989). The effectiveness of media campaigns as preventive strategies for major social and health problems among youth is also well documented (Hall, 1995; Sultz and others, 1989). The mass media, however, can also be a source of misinformation, misperception, and negative ideas and attitudes about reproductive health issues. They may even encourage risky be haviour, for example by promoting in effective means of contraception. Ideally, the media should provide accurate guidance about sexuality, reproductive health and responsible sexual behaviour, especially to young people, who are generally thought to be more susceptible than older adults to their influence. For these reasons, it is important to examine adolescents’ and young adults’ exposure to the mass media and the factors associated with that exposure.

The association between HIV media campaigns and number of patients coming forward for HIV antibody testing.

To assess the relationship between national and local media campaigns with respect to the number of patients requesting HIV antibody tests as a surrogate marker of the effectiveness of different campaign strategies. Analysis by month of the numbers of HIV tests performed in the regional genitourinary (GUM) clinic for Lothian over a 5 year period and in the whole of Lothian Region, Scotland over a 3 year period. Changes in testing rates were monitored with respect to media campaigns over the same time period. Television based media campaigns produced the greatest increase in testing rates (average 46% increase over 2 months) compared with newspapers and poster campaigns (average 6% increase over 2 months). Regional HIV testing rates correlated significantly with GUM clinic testing rates. No increase in positive HIV tests was seen following media campaigns. Using HIV testing rates as a surrogate marker, television based media campaigns appear to be the most effective way of increasing awareness of HIV. The effect of media campaigns is short-lived indicating a need for constant reminder of the dangers of HIV infection. The increase in HIV testing occurs largely in the "worried well" with few additional HIV positive patients being identified.

High Intercommunity Variation in Adolescent Cigarette Smoking in a 10-Community Field Experiment

The authors report levels of intercommunity variation in rates of cigarette smoking observed during the course of an evaluation of the influence of three mass media campaigns on the initi ation of adolescent cigarette smoking. Despite careful design and statistical adjustment for a set of 10 known sociodemographic and personality correlates of adolescent cigarette smoking, high intercommunity variation precluded the detection of media campaign effects in this study. The authors discuss the general implications of high intercommunity variation for studies using the individual as the unit of analysis when the unit of randomization is the community.

“TAKING A BITE OUT OF CRIME”

Recent studies of public information campaigns indicate they may have greater efficacy than the research of previous decades suggested. The persuasive impact of a national crime prevention campaign is investigated in the context of past and contemporary models of media effects, utilizing data from a national sample survey and a three-city panel survey. The findings suggest that the campaign had marked influences on individuals' cognitions, attitudes, and behaviors regarding crime prevention. Media campaign effects are contingent upon specific factors operative in given communication situations, involving given kinds of audiences.