Effectiveness Of Innovation Process Research Articles

Analysis of the implementation of the cluster approach in the Russian economy in modern conditions

The Russian economy is currently under significant pressure from various challenges that determine the need for an appropriate response, the basis of which is the intensification of innovative development, primarily in priority sectors. The effectiveness of innovation processes is largely determined by the existing infrastructure that provides the necessary traffic of innovative ideas at all stages from generation to implementation to end users. In this regard, the urgency of creating the necessary structural solutions that ensure the interaction of participants in innovation processes, among which the cluster is one of the priorities, is increasing. Domestic practice shows that active state support for the creation and functioning of clusters is not proportional to the achieved result, which determines the need to identify existing "bottlenecks" in the implementation of the cluster approach in Russia, leveling the efforts made, and identification of possible solutions. The purpose of the article is to identify the main trends and specifics of the cluster approach implemented in the Russian economy, and to identify the most important directions of its development, taking into account existing needs. Based on the data analysis, the dynamics and structure of clusters created in our country are determined, including in the context of regional differentiation, specific features of clusters functioning on the territory of our state are identified. Based on practical cases, the necessity of transformation of the cluster approach is justified, characterized by a shift in emphasis from the territorial aspect to the sectoral one. Thus, the scientific novelty of the presented research is the confirmation of the existing readiness and need for the development of the cluster approach implemented in Russian practice, and the shift of focus towards the sectoral aspect, in connection with which the role of the so-called national clusters is justified and their classification into sectoral and intersectoral clusters is proposed, which will contribute to achieving higher and faster results of innovative development of the Russian economy

The role of personnel in the development of innovative processes of the enterprise

The article examines the role of personnel in the development of innovative processes. The following signs of the innovative potential of employees are distinguished: creativity, initiative, energy, ingenuity, persistence. Human resources at the disposal of an enterprise determine the nature and effectiveness of innovation processes. The most important resource of an enterprise is intellectual capital, not material resources. Unlike conventional assets, human resources as intellectual capital are largely invisible and therefore not reflected in the balance sheet. The organizational culture of an enterprise capable of attracting and retaining innovative workers must meet certain conditions. The factor of human resources is the most important factor associated with the search, recruitment, training, assessment of the effectiveness of employees, their certification and determination of competence and motivation is decisive for the formation of innovative development of the enterprise. The political factor is determined by the style of leadership, the nature of decisions made, the degree of control over orders, methods of punishment and rewards. Symbolic factor - associated with the way of forming a culture, teamwork, used existing values. The paper uses the four-factor model developed by Bolman and Deal to provide an enterprise with a workforce capable of generating ideas and innovating. The interaction of all segments of the innovation process at the enterprise is based, first of all, on personal communication and the generation of ideas by individual employees, which is supported by the enterprise management. In this regard, the personnel component of the innovation process is currently becoming key for the development of not only the analyzed subsidiary, but the entire Russian economy.

Criteria for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Innovative Transformation of Business Structures

The presented study comprehensively analyzes criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative transformation of business structures, which involves step-by-step strategy development, its implementation, relevant management decisions, and controlling functions.Aim. By analyzing the features of transformation of business structures in modern geo-economic conditions, the study aims to propose conceptual approaches to the formation of criteria for evaluating the results of innovative transformations at all levels of socio-economic system management.Tasks. In accordance with the aim of the study, the authors propose approaches to classifying the innovative transformations performed by companies depending on market conditions; formulate a conceptual model of innovative transformations of business structures in accordance with the strategic goal of modernizing technological processes and services; examine methods for optimizing the stages of converting research and development into finished products based on digital technologies with allowance for the evaluation of the results of innovative transformations of companies.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to examine specific features of innovative transformation of business structures and formulate conceptual approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of innovative processes in companies using mathematical modeling and digital technologies for building and analyzing algorithms for optimizing management decisions aimed at implementing innovative transformation at all levels of management with allowance for geopolitical risks and changes in the external environment.Results. A comprehensive analysis of theoretical and practical research allowed the authors to examine priority directions of innovative transformation of business structures at all stages – from a scientific idea, fundamental and applied research to the finished product or service, with allowance for financial and geopolitical risks. Innovative transformation of business structures is influenced by the introduction of digital technologies that make it possible to optimize business processes, reducing operating costs and enhancing the competitive advantages of business entities.Conclusions. In modern conditions, innovative transformation of companies is based on corporate information and communication systems that make it possible to optimize management decisions aimed at implementing a sustainable development strategy, upgrading, monitoring, planning, forecasting technological processes of regional economic entities. Innovative transformation of business structures largely depends on approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of developed and implemented management decisions and mathematical modeling scenarios with allowance for changes in the external environment and geopolitical risks. The digital economy has created the prerequisites for administrative and managerial transformation of companies through innovative processes.

THE ROLE OF SMALL BUSINESS IN INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT OF CHERKASY REGION

Small entrepreneurship is an important part of region socio-economic development, providing rationalization and increase the efficiency of resource potential using, formation and development of human capital, accumulation of scientific and technological potential. Small enterprises provide implementation of innovation policy of state as a whole, increasing its competitiveness in the world market. However, innovation activities are characterized by high risk, which is especially relevant for small business, which is vulnerable to changes in the market environment.The purpose of the article is to study the modern tendencies of small business innovative activity in region and the main reasons hindering the development of innovative business activities.In the article the features of region innovative development and its components are considered. There is noted that small business contributes to formation of competitive environment, flexibility and individualization of production, that provides the necessary preconditions for innovations introduction.The basic structural indicators of small business activity of Cherkassy region are investigated. It is detected that share of small enterprises of the region, which produce goods and provide services with high added value and innovative technologies, is increasing. However, according to innovation financing directions, the greatest share is used for machinery and equipment purchase, that demonstrates the lack of entrepreneurs’ interest (in particular, financial) to carrying out scientific and technological research and development. There was founded that the effectiveness of innovation process is decreasing, because the part of innovative products in the total volume of industrial products sold reduced.The main reasons of small business low innovative activity of Cherkasy region are determined. There are: insufficient economic stimulation of investments attraction into innovative processes; limited amount of scientific and innovative activity financing by state budget; imperfection of institutional provision; lack of appropriate organizational and legal conditions for innovation infrastructure development; lack of co-ordinated cooperation at the level of "education-science-business".

The Effectiveness of Innovative Processes in Enterprises Taking Advantage of the Technology Audit

The Effectiveness of Innovative Processes in Enterprises Taking Advantage of the Technology Audit

ANALYSIS IN AUDITING: SOME QUESTIONS FOR APPLICATION

In the difficult period of the country's economic structure functioning, investment forms the future of technical, financial and economic security. The legally regulated institutional framework creates opportunities for an abrupt innovation start. However, the low positions, which are caused by the economy of war, do not provide opportunities for its implementation. Consequently, the full and rational use of existing chances becomes a guarantee of at least a slow implementation of the strategies of innovative development of enterprises. In this way, the system of auditor consulting and formation of audit opinion about the effectiveness of innovative processes and projects is a priority. Available analysis tools, system approach and cash flow modelling, provide investors with confidence and generate interest from shareholders and owners. The calculation of a number of indicators characterizing the effectiveness of innovation projects becomes a guarantee of their implementation and achievement of management objectives. Therefore, the application of analytical techniques in the process of audit of innovative projects allows the auditor to form an independent opinion on their convenience.

R&D and education resources in innovation processes: evidence from Slovenia and the Visegrad Group

This article provides a cross-country analysis of the efficiency and effectiveness of innovation processes in the European Union countries, with a focus on Slovenia and the four countries of the Visegrad Group (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland). By examining relationships between different composite innovation indicators, our study reveals patterns in the input-output-outcome relationships at different stages of the innovation process and highlights country-specific bottlenecks and possible efficiency gains in the use of R&D and education resources. Benchmarking the effectiveness and efficiency of innovation systems and processes across selected countries is valuable for different target groups, to whom we offer insights into the R&D environment, barriers to technology transfer and possible improvements in innovation policies.

Эффективность инновационного процесса: показатели оценки, инструмент повышения

Эффективность инновационного процесса: показатели оценки, инструмент повышения

Gene‐based therapies of neuromuscular disorders: an update and the pivotal role of patient organizations in their discovery and implementation

This review updates the state-of-the art accomplishments of the multifaceted gene-based therapies, which include DNA or RNA as either therapeutic tools or targets for the treatment of neuromuscular diseases. It also provides insights into the key role that patient organizations have played in research and development; in particular, by addressing bottlenecks and generating boundary conditions that have contributed to scientific breakthroughs, and the effectiveness of innovation processes. Several gene therapy methods have reached the clinical stage and are now addressing both specific and classical issues related to this novel technology. Not ready yet for clinical application, genome editing is at its infancy. More rapidly progressing, RNA-based therapeutics, and especially exon skipping, exon inclusion and stop codon readthrough strategies, are about to move to the market. Most importantly, patients were at the forefront of this discovery process, from basic knowledge to innovation and translational research in a rapidly growing field of unmet medical needs. In recent years, Duchenne muscular dystrophy was the fertile ground for new therapeutic concepts that have been extended to other neuromuscular disorders, such as spinal muscular atrophy, myotonic dystrophies or fascioscapulohumeral dystrophy. In line with their longstanding policy, patient organizations will keep working in a proactive manner to bring together all stakeholders with a view to working out truly therapeutic solutions over a long-term perspective.