Effect Of Counseling Research Articles

The effectiveness of marital counseling in Germany: A contribution to health services research.

Despite its widespread use, marital counseling's effectiveness in field settings (e.g., in marital counseling agencies) is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of marital counseling in Germany in an uncontrolled, prospective health service research study using a battery of questionnaire measures (e.g., the Marital Satisfaction Inventory). In total, 84 counselors recruited 495 clients into the study. The attrition rate was high: Only 51% of the clients participated in the postassessment 6 months later, and only 24% of the original sample provided data for the 6-month follow-up. The pre-post comparisons resulted in significant improvements in several scales; however, the overall effect size (ES) was low (M ES = 0.28; 0.44 for follow-up completers). The implications of the results for future studies and for training marital counselors are discussed.

Individualistic and Collective Group Counseling: Effects With Korean Clients

In a study of 20 female and 21 male Korean clients with three group counseling approaches (individualistic, collective, and a balanced combination of both), no treatment effects were found for social commitment or perceptions of counselor effectiveness. Significant changes were seen in individualism‐collectivism congruent with different treatments.

Perceived Early Childhood Family Influence and Counselor Effectiveness: An Exploratory Study

This study found a significant correlation between counselor effectiveness and negative perceptions of early childhood family influence.

Drug Treatment Counselor Practices and Effectiveness

This article examines the literature on drug treatment counselor practices and effectiveness and discusses relevant issues in a multilevel framework by considering client outcomes in relation to varying characteristics of clients, counselors, and programs. Most drug treatment evaluation studies collect data from clients of the same treatment programs, and many of these clients share the same counselors. Across multiple programs, these data often form a multilevel (or hierar chical) structure, with clients nested within counselors and counselors within programs. Most analyses of treatment outcome are based on individual clients; this violates the assumption of independent observations underlying most statistical approaches. After reviewing relevant literature, the article presents a conceptual model for understanding counselor effects on client outcomes. Then follows a description of a hierarchical linear model that assesses counselor effectiveness on client outcomes while allowing considerations of potential interactions among the three levels of influence (i.e., client, counselor, and program).

Relationship Between Counselors' Clinical Hypotheses and Client Ratings of Counselor Effectiveness

The authors assessed the relationship of counseling students' hypothesis formation skill levels to counseling effectiveness. Hypothesis rating scales were selected to assess skill in using a comprehensive range of client data, integrating multiple client dimensions, and forming questions for hypothesis testing. Results indicated that higher ratings of hypothesis formation skill were associated with higher client ratings of counselor effectiveness. A combination of four hypothesis skill ratings predicted more than 60% of the variance in total Counselor Rating Form‐Short version (CRF‐S) scores, and one or more hypothesis formation skills were predictive of each CRF‐S subscale score.

The relationship between personal philosophy and effectiveness in counsellors

Abstract This study investigates the relationship between the effectiveness of counsellors and their personal philosophy, beliefs and attitudes. There is a review of the relevant literature concerning the qualities and attributes of effective counsellors, with a detailed examination of studies of counsellor philosophy. Two groups (n = 14 and n = 19) of counsellors on training courses were studied. Each participant wrote an account of a ‘Helping Relationship Incident’ which was rated on the 12 dimensions of counsellor ‘perceptual organization’ developed by Combs & Soper (1963). Course tutors gave ratings of the counselling effectiveness of their students. Rank order correlations between judgements of counsellor effectiveness and ratings of perceptual organization/philosophy were made. In both groups statistically significant results were found, adding weight to the hypothesis that a ‘person-centred’ perceptual organization or belief system is an important factor in counsellor effectiveness. The implication...

Effects of counselors' smoking behavior and the intimacy level of clients' presenting concerns on nonsmokers' perceptions of counselors.

Effects of counselors' smoking behavior and the intimacy level of clients' presenting concerns on nonsmokers' perceptions of counselors.

Effects of counselors' smoking behavior and the intimacy level of clients' presenting concerns on nonsmokers' perceptions of counselors.

Effects of counselors' smoking behavior and the intimacy level of clients' presenting concerns on nonsmokers' perceptions of counselors.

Effects of Counselor's Profanity and Subject's Religiosity on Content Acquisition of a Counseling Lecture and Behavioral Compliance

Effects of counselor's profanity and subject's religiosity on acquisition of lecture content and behavioral compliance were investigated. 40 male and 80 female undergraduate students volunteered to attend a lecture about "coping with problems of daily living." They were divided into low, medium, or high religiosity groups based upon scores on Rohrbough and Jessor's Religiosity Scale. Each subject listened to a 15-min, videotaped rational-emotive mental health presentation which included a recommendation that they pick up a card (initial compliance) and send for a free book (delayed compliance) expanding upon the principles discussed in the tape. Half listened to a tape containing 16 profane words and half watched a nonprofane tape. At the end of the tape subjects were given a test on content. Analysis showed that profanity had a negative effect on acquisition of content and on initial compliance. Religiosity had no effect on any of the dependent variables. In contrast to the behavior modeled by some senior clinical practitioners, it was concluded that counselors be wary of using profanity in an initial session. Also, in keeping with the 1989 recommendations of Heppner and Claiborn, the importance of studying behavioral measures in influence studies was stressed.

Effects of counselor as audience on internalization of depressed and nondepressed self-presentations.

Effects of counselor as audience on internalization of depressed and nondepressed self-presentations.

The Effects of Counselor Fee and Title on Perceptions of Counselor Behavior

This study examined the effects of a counselor's fee level and title on perceptions of counselor behavior. Three levels of fee were compared: high fee, low fee, and sliding scale; and two levels of title were compared: counseling psychologist versus professional counselor. Sixty female undergraduate participants rated the credibility, attractiveness, and effectiveness of a counselor after observing her in a brief videotaped counseling simulation and reading a background description of her. The results indicate that fee level significantly affected the perceptions of counselor credibility, attractiveness, expertness, and overall counselor behavior. Title had no significant effect on perceptions of counselor behavior. Implications and limitations of these findings are discussed, and areas requiring future research are suggested.

Effects of counselor as audience on internalization of depressed and nondepressed self-presentations.

An application of self-presentation theory in an analog counseling intake context is reported. Undergraduates (90 male and 85 female) presented themselves as either depressed or nondepressed clients for a videotaped interview. They were told either before or after their self-presentations that a group of either counseling psychologists or General Psychology students would view their taped session. Results revealed that subjects' self-beliefs, in general, corresponded to their self-presentations

Interactive effects of counselor^client similarity and client self-esteem on termination type and number of sessions.

This study investigated the suggestion by Ross (1977) that client self-esteem might act as a moderator of the effect of client-counselor similarity on termination. Subjects were 35 female and 20 male clients and 4 female and 5 male counselors at a university counseling center. Dependent variables were number of sessions and type of termination (unilateral of mutual)

The Relationship between Religious Orientation and Empathy in Pastoral Counselors

The relationship between the religious orientation of pastoral counselors and client-perceived empathy was investigated. Forty-six parish clergy and 96 of their clients completed Batson's (1976) Three-Dimensional Religious Orientation Scale and the Truax-Carkhuff Relationship Questionnaire, respectively. As hypothesized, end-oriented and quest-oriented clergy are perceived by their clients to be significantly more empathic than means-oriented clergy. As empathy is generally acknowledged to be vital to counseling effectiveness, the findings suggest that the means orientation to religion potentially inhibits counselor effectiveness relative to quest and end orientations. This finding implies a greater suitability of quest- and end-oriented pastoral candidates for counselor training as compared to means-oriented candidates.

Enhancing Counselor Effectiveness: Toward the 1990s: Emerging Themes in School Counseling

School counseling is at the point where assessment and redirection may be appropriate. This discussion of emerging trends may serve as an impetus for principals and counselors to examine together the needs and programs in their school.

The effects of peer counselors upon condom acquisition

The effects of peer counselors upon condom acquisition

Evaluation of a microskills programme with field-based counsellors: Effects on core attitudes and counselling skills

Two issues relevant to the role of microtraining in counsellor training are examined. Firstly, due to the increasing use of the microcounselling framework for training counsellors, either directly or indirectly, in the Rogerian attitudes, the effects of such a programme on counsellor attitudes was investigated. Secondly, although microskills training has been generally found to improve and increase trainee's helping skills usage and effectiveness, its effects on field-based counsellors have rarely been evalulated. Thus the second objective of the study was to examine this issue. The subjects were 12 counsellors from a number of counselling agencies. Six of these counsellors participated in a microcounselling programme which taught the skills of nonverbal communication, questioning, reflecting, listening, self-disclosure, reinforcement, opening and closing. The data base for the study consisted of videorecordings of each subject's participation in two extended interactions—one involving an individual discussing a real concern, and the other involving an individual discussing a simulated concern. Various measures of counsellor attitudes, effectiveness, skills, and actual behaviours were obtained. Comparison of the experimental and control groups indicated that the microcounselling programme had little effect on any of the aspects of counsellor performance examined. It is concluded that, although aspects of the design may have influenced the results, an integrated microcounselling approach may be more effective in developing attitudes. In addition, it appears that the characteristics of a professional population, such as counsellors, may differ from those of novices, such that problems in effecting change in skilled performance will occur with the former group.

Effects of counselor intake judgments on service to black students using a university counseling center

Abstract The effect of counselor and client ethnicity and gender was examined using a four factor MANOVA. Although the statistical findings were non-significant, it is suggested that systematic biases based on client attributes may affect counselor's perceptions of clients thereby influencing diagnostic judgments and treatment choice.

Counselor Effectiveness and Family‐of‐Origin Experiences: A Significant Relationship?

In this article, the authors investigate the relationship between family‐of‐origin experiences and counseling effectiveness of counselors in training.

Group Counseling's Effects on Self‐Concept and Social Behavior Among Children with Learning Disabilities

The authors attempt to determine the efficacy of 10 weekly group counseling sessions on the self‐concept and social behavior among fourth‐, fifth‐, and sixth‐grade children with learning disabilities.