Effects Of Botox Research Articles

Investigating Effects of BOTOX on Weight Loss and Glucose Tolerance in Obese, Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

Investigating Effects of BOTOX on Weight Loss and Glucose Tolerance in Obese, Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

P83-T ONAMIG: Effect of BOTOX® over cortical excitability (measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation) in chronic migraine

Background Several transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies have demonstrated cortical excitability changes in patients with migraine. It has been suggested that central sensitization may be associated with poor response to treatment. The recognition of these phenomena and the effect of different treatments on them may have clinical relevance. The aim of the study is to evaluate changes in cortical excitability parameters in patients with chronic migraine (CM) after treatment with BOTOX®. Material and methods Patients with CM and candidates for treatment with BOTOX® were included. In addition, patients with episodic migraine (EM) were recruited as controls. Clinical data and disability scales were collected as well as cortical excitability parameters measured by TMS: motor threshold at rest (RMT), cortical silence period (CSP) and intracortical inhibition (SICI) ). A baseline clinical and neurophysiological study was performed and repeated after two cycles of botox treatment. Results We included 19 patients with CM and 16 with EM. After treatment with BOTOX® in CM the RMT was reduced (58.9 ± 13.3% vs 55.1 ± 11.9%, p = 0.004) approaching the values of controls (53.75 ± 9.88%, p = 0.019); increased CSP (85.6 ± 26.4 ms and 100.9 ± 33.0 ms, p = 0.004) approaching the values of controls (121.53 ± 39.92, p = 0003). In addition, parameters of greater inhibition in the SICI predicted an improvement in frequency and intensity >50%. Conclusions Treatment with BOTOX® is associated with changes in the cortical excitability of patients with CM who can translate mechanisms of central cortical modulation.

Longitudinal validation of the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities in a Dutch sample of nonambulatory children with severe disabilities.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal validity of the Dutch version of the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD), a health-related quality of life instrument for nonambulatory children with severe motor disabilities and accompanying disorders. The effect of two interventions, Botox injections in the hip region and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, was followed over time. Caregivers (n=38) of nonambulatory children (26 boys, 12 girls; mean age: 9years, 5months [4years, 9months]) with severe disabilities completed the questionnaire prior to the intervention, at 3months and 6months follow up. Seven a priori hypotheses were formulated. Longitudinal validity was analysed by a paired t test of the pre-post scores and correlation analysis between the change-scores and two external criteria: a caregivers' perceived change in health-related quality of life of the child questionnaire and a general health-related quality of life instrument. The results reported here follow completely the pattern we hypothesized for four analyses and partially in the remaining three. In the Botox group, the mean change-score at 3months was 6.9 points (p<0.05), which exceeds the minimal clinically important difference of 5.8 points. At 6months, the effect was diminished to 4.5 points, in line with the temporary effect of Botox. There were moderate positive correlations between the change-scores and an external criterion (Spearman's rho: 0.46-0.58). This study indicates that the CPCHILD Dutch version has sufficient longitudinal validity statistically and clinically in nonambulatory children with severe disabilities.

Botulinum toxin (Botox) A for reducing the appearance of facial wrinkles: a literature review of clinical use and pharmacological aspect.

Background: Botulinum toxin (Botox) consists of 7 types of neurotoxins; however, only toxins A and B are used clinically. Botox A is used for several disorders in the field of medicine, particularly in dermatology, for cosmetic purposes. It is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and can be used as a treatment to reduce the appearance of wrinkles in the upper areas of the face, elevate the eyebrows and treat problems such as hyperhidrosis, lichen simplex, pompholyx (dyshidrotic eczema) and acne vulgaris.Objectives: This article provides a literature review regarding the general issue of Botox as a treatment for reducing facial wrinkle.Discussion: Botox works by blocking the release of acetylcholine, resulting in paralysis of the local muscles, which usually occurs 24 hrs to two weeks following Botox injection. This effect will last three to six months. The optimal dose of cosmetic Botox in dermatology is 20 units. Botox is relatively safe and does not result in any adverse side effects. However, in certain circumstances, the effect of Botox will gradually resolve, resulting in reduced muscle paralysis over time.Conclusion: Botox is good and safe medicine to reduce the appearance of facial wrinkles.

Loading of the Condylar Cartilage Can Rescue the Effects of Botox on TMJ.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the effects of botulinum neurotoxin (botox) injection into the masseter in the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) and subchondral bone could be rescued by compressive loading of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Twenty-four 6-week-old female mice (C57BL/6J) were used. Mice were divided in three groups: (1) Botox (n = 8); (2) Botox plus loading (n = 8); (3) Pure control (n = 8). Bone labels (3 and 1day before sacrifice) and the proliferation marker EdU (2 and 1day before sacrifice) were intraperitoneally injected into all groups of mice. Condyles were dissected and examined by micro-CT and histology. Sagittal sections of condyles were stained for TRAP, alkaline phosphatase, EdU, TUNEL, and toluidine blue. In addition, immunostaining for pSmad, VEGF, and Runx2 was performed. Bone volume fraction, tissue density, and trabecular thickness were significantly decreased on the subchondral bone of botox-injected side when compared to control side and control mice, 4 weeks after injection. Furthermore, histological analysis revealed decrease in mineralization, matrix deposition, TRAP activity, EdU, and TUNEL-positive cells in the MCC of the botox-injected side, 4 weeks after injection. However, compressive loading reversed the reduced bone volume and density and the cellular changes in the MCC caused by Botox injection. TMJ compressive loading rescues the negative effects of botox injection into the masseter in the MCC and subchondral bone.

Effect of Botox in Glioblastoma

Background: glioblastoma multiform is malignant tumors of the central nervous system, the most aggressive and Vishay type of brain tumor in adults. Glioblastoma with a high potential for growth, invasion and resistance to treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy have a high potential for public recurrence.Methods: In this study, the U87-MG glioblastoma cells and doses of Botox 29 unit to 41unit has been used and tested by MTT, and SubG1 and Western blotting were used to examine the cell viability and apoptosis.Results: The results of the measurement of vital capacity cancer cells treated with Botox, in two different doses of 29 unit and 33unit between 24 and 48 hours, showed that cell death in the treated groups compared to the control group was statistically significant p&lt; 0.05. SubG1 test also showed that 29 unit dose in 24 hours Apoptosis percent more compared to the control groups. Results showed that Western blotting test P53 protein expression significant increase compared to the control groups.Conclusion: The present data show that Botox could be an anti-cancer effect and apoptosis in glioblastoma cells by increasing the expression of P53 protein and also can be used as treatment in patients after in vivo studies to be used.

Healing Effect of Botox in Dental Office

ABSTRACT In this era of passion to look beautiful, various new technologies are emerging to enhance and improve the physical appearance of people. Botox is emerging as one such popular treatment to improve various facial anomalies. Minimally invasive treatment can be done by botox, which can expand our therapeutic options for the benefit of our patients. The aim of this article is to elaborate the healing aspect of this toxin, i.e., botox. How to cite this article Mittal R, Singla M, Aggarwal H. Healing Effect of Botox in Dental Office. J Oral Health Comm Dent 2017;11(1):13-18.

Factors Associated with Therapeutic Efficacy of Intravesical OnabotulinumtoxinA Injection for Overactive Bladder Syndrome

ObjectivesTo analyze the predictors of therapeutic efficacy after intravesical botulinum toxin A injection for overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) refractory to antimuscarinic therapy.MethodsAll consecutively OAB patients, who visited the urologic outpatient clinics of a medical center and refractory to antimuscarinic treatment, were prospectively enrolled. All enrolled patients received intravesical injection of 100 U onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox). The Global Response Assessment (GRA) score ≥ 2 at 3 months after Botox injection was defined as a successful treatment, otherwise failed.ResultsOverall, 89 patients received intravesical injection. Eighty patients, including 42 men and 38 women, had received follow-up at 3 months. The overall success rate was 63.8%. The global response assessment, urgency severity score, urgency, urgency urinary incontinence and frequency episodes, and functional bladder capacity improved after treatment. However, post-void residual volume (PVR) increased, and voiding efficiency (VE) decreased after treatment. Female gender (odds ratio = 3.75) was the only independent factor associated with the success. Female gender (coefficient = 0.74), low baseline overactive bladder symptoms score (coefficient = -0.12) and the presence of OAB-wet (coefficient = 0.79) were independent factors associated with therapeutic efficacy (i.e., GRA score). VE (odds ratio = 0.062) was the only predictor for a large PVR at 3 months. The optimum cutoff value of VE was <87% with the area under the ROC curve being 0.64 (sensitivity = 63.8%, specificity = 57.1%).ConclusionsThe therapeutic effects of Botox can persist till 6 months after treatment. Female gender, low overactive bladder symptoms score and OAB-wet are associated better therapeutic efficacy, and low baseline VE is associated with large PVR. These findings can serve as an initial guide or assist in consultation regarding the treatment of OAB patients with Botox injection.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01657409

Botulinum toxin therapy for chronic anal fissures: where are we at currently?

Botulinum toxin (Botox) injection for chronic anal fissure (CAF) is commonly performed, yet there remains no consensus on optimal dosage or frequency of injections required to achieve complete resolution of anal fissure. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Botox and side-effect profile in the management of CAF. A retrospective clinical study of patients between 2010 and 2014 who underwent a Botox injection for CAF at a tertiary centre was performed. The effectiveness of Botox was measured using standardized outcomes including overall healing rate, presence of anal pain, recurrence and need for repeat botulinum injection. Binary outcomes were assessed using logistic regression model. The analysis was performed using Stata version 13 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA). One hundred and one patients underwent 126 Botox injections within the study period. The mean first post-operative visit was at 1 month. The overall recurrence rate was 32%. The majority of patients were given 33 U. No statistically significant relationship between dose and recurrence was identified. The presence of pain at the first post-operative visit was a predictor of future recurrence (odds ratio 3.92, confidence interval 1.58-9.74, P = 0.003). Botox is an effective strategy for CAF. Low doses can be given with good efficacy as highlighted by our audit and has the potential for great cost saving. The best predictor of recurrence is the presence of pain at the first post-procedure visit.

The Effect of Botox on the Implant Stabilization and Capsular Formation: An Experimental Study.

Breast augmentation is one of the most common esthetic procedures with increasing frequency throughout the past years. The most demanding complications involving esthetic and reconstructive breast surgery are the malpositioning of the implant and capsular contracture. The etiology, prevention, and management remain to be fully explained. Botulinum toxin (BTX) administration has anti-inflammatory effects that can possibly decrease capsular contracture, and chemical denervation of the pectoral muscle theoretically may decrease incidence of malrotation. In our literature search, we found only 1 clinical study using BTX A for capsular contraction, and there were no experimental studies about the implant stabilization and capsular contracture. Therefore, we have studied the effect of BTX A on the prevention of breast implant malrotation and capsular contracture in a rabbit model. Sixteen smooth-surfaced cohesive gel implants were implanted in 8 New Zealand white rabbits. The backs of the rabbits were divided into 2 groups. After skin incision, the exposed latissimus dorsi muscle was elevated, and a submuscular pocket was made. In the experimental group, Botox was injected in the muscle overlying the implant. In the control group, the implants were placed under the muscle, and saline was injected into the muscle. At the end of 3 months, the rabbits were imaged and evaluated by ultrasonography and x-ray to examine capsule formations and the movement of the implants. The animals were killed, and the implants with peri-implant capsule were excised. We evaluated collagen pattern and capsule thickness on ventral, lateral, and dorsal aspects. The Botox group showed less infiltration of inflammatory cells at the third month (P < 0.05). Statistically significant differences in capsular thickness were observed on histopathological examination and ultrasonographic imaging. The capsule was thinner on all aspects and the collagen pattern had a more parallel alignment at low density in the experimental group compared with the control group. With x-ray, we observed an increased lateral movement of the implants in the control group. The use of Botox effectively decreased implant movement and capsular formation at 12 weeks. More experimental and clinical studies will be required to determine whether this is a durable result that can be reproduced in humans.

Botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of hemifacial spasm over 16 years

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and side effects of botulinum toxin (BTX) in the treatment of hemifacial spasm (HFS). We also focused on the divergence between different injection techniques and commercial forms. We retrospectively evaluated 470 sessions of BTX injections administered to 68 patients with HFS. The initial time of improvement, duration and degree of improvement, and frequency and duration of adverse effects were analysed. Pretarsal and preseptal injections and Botox (Allergan, Irvine, CA, USA) and Dysport (Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals, Paris, France) brands were compared in terms of efficacy and side effects, accompanied by a review of papers which reported BTX treatment of HFS. An average of 34.5 units was used per patient. The first improvement was felt after 8days and lasted for 14.8weeks. Patients experienced a 73.7% improvement. In 79.7% of injections, no adverse effect was reported, in 4.9% erythema, ecchymosis, and swelling in the injection area, in 3.6% facial asymmetry, in 3.4% ptosis, in 3.2% diplopia, and in 2.3% difficulty of eye closure was detected. Patients reported 75% improvement on average after 314 sessions of pretarsal injections and 72.7% improvement after 156 sessions of preseptal injections (p=0.001). The efficacy and side effects of Botox and Dysport were similar. BTX is an effective and safe treatment option for HFS. No difference was determined between Botox and Dysport, and pretarsal injection is better than preseptal injection regarding the reported degree of improvement.

The cost effectiveness of Botox in Italian patients with chronic migraine.

Migraine is a primary headache which World Health Organization ranks in 19th place in the list of disabling diseases. In Europe, in 2004, the total costs for migraine were quantified by Stovner and Berg, Eur J Neurol, 12(s1) (2005) at <euro>27 billion. The objective of this study is to provide an estimate of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the treatment of chronic migraine with Botox compared to treatment with placebo in the perspective of the Italian National Health Service and society. To do this we studied the disease progression in a cohort of 688 individuals (patients enrolled in the study PREEMPT) via the application of a Markov model. Over a period of 2 years, the total costs of the experimental arm of the model amounted to <euro>3,274 compared with a gain of 1.34 QALYs. In contrast, the costs of the control arm amounted to <euro>2,395 with a gain of 1.24 QALYs. It follows that the incremental costs amounted to <euro>889 compared to an incremental gain of 0.09 QALYs in favor of the experimental arm. The relationship between costs and incremental QALYs generated an ICER of <euro>9,407/QALY. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, therefore, is favorable compared to the value usually considered by NICE as a threshold limit for reimbursement which ranges between <euro>20,000 and <euro>40,000/QALY.

Adverse testicular effects of Botox® in mature rats

Botox® injections are taking a consistently increasing place in urology. Intracremasteric injections, particularly, have been applied for cryptorchidism and painful testicular spasms. Studies outlining their safety for this use are, however, scanty. Thus, the present study aimed at evaluating possible testicular toxicity of Botox® injections and their effect on male fertility.Mature rats were given intracremasteric Botox® injections (10, 20 and 40U/kg) three times in a two-week interval. Changes in body and testes weights were examined and gonadosomatic index compared to control group. Semen quality, sperm parameters, fructose, protein, cholesterol and triglycerides contents were assessed. Effects on normal testicular function were investigated by measuring testosterone levels and changes in enzyme activities (lactate dehydrogenase-X and acid phosphatase). To draw a complete picture, changes in oxidative and inflammatory states were examined, in addition to the extent of connective tissue deposition between seminiferous tubules. In an attempt to have more accurate information about possible spermatotoxic effects of Botox®, flowcytometric analysis and histopathological examination were carried out.Botox®-injected rats showed altered testicular physiology and function. Seminiferous tubules were separated by dense fibers, especially with the highest dose. Flowcytometric analysis showed a decrease in mature sperms and histopathology confirmed the findings. The oxidative state was, however, comparable to control group.This study is the first to show that intracremasteric injections of Botox® induce adverse testicular effects evidenced by inhibited spermatogenesis and initiation of histopathological changes.In conclusion, decreased fertility may be a serious problem Botox® injections could cause.

Botulinum Toxin Type A (BOTOX) for Refractory Myofascial Pelvic Pain

The etiology of chronic pelvic pain is poorly understood. The condition is usually multifactorial; it has both physical and psychological components. Myofascial pain is a component of chronic pelvic pain. Management of myofascial pain is multidisciplinary and includes use of several different drugs, pelvic floor physical therapy/exercise, and trigger point injection of local anesthetic agents, steroids, botulinum toxin type A (Botox), and various other substances. A number of studies have shown that Botox improves pain symptoms resulting from muscle spasm in the head, neck, and back and other parts of the body. There are few data in the literature, however, on the effectiveness of Botox injection to the pelvic floor muscle (intralevator injection) in the treatment of myofascial pelvic pain. This retrospective cohort study investigated the effectiveness of intralevator injections of Botox for myofascial pelvic pain with a short tight pelvic floor that has been refractory to other treatments. Participants were women who had at least 1 intralevator injection of Botox (100–300 U) at a single institution from 2005 through 2010. The primary study outcome was patient-reported pain on levator palpation and symptom improvement. Secondary outcomes included postinjection complications and time to and number of second injections. Follow-up visits to assess pain were stratified into 2 time periods: less than 6 weeks after injection and 6 weeks or longer after injection. During digital palpation of the pelvic floor muscles at each visit, pain was assessed using a scale of 0 to 10, with 10 being the worst. Data are presented as median (interquartile range) or proportion. Thirty-one patients met study eligibility criteria; 2 were lost to follow-up and excluded from the analysis. The median age of the patients was 55.0 years (38.0–62.0 years). The median pain score was 9.5 (8.0–10.0) before the Botox injection. Of the 29 (93.5%) who returned for the first follow-up visit, 23 (79.3%) reported improvement in pain, whereas 6 (20.7%) reported no improvement. The median pain score with levator palpation at visit 1 was significantly lower than the preinjection pain score (P< 0.0001). Eighteen women (62.1%) returned for visit 2 and had a median pain score of 3.0, which remained lower than the preinjection score (P < 0.0001). More than half of the patients (51.7%) elected to have a second Botox injection; the median time from the first to the second injection was 4.0 months (3.0–7.0 months). Three women (10.3%) reported constipation and/or rectal pain, 2 patients (6.9%) reported fecal incontinence, and 3 (10.3%) developed de novo urinary retention. All adverse effects were reversible and resolved spontaneously. These findings indicate that intralevator injection of Botox is effective in women with refractory myofascial pelvic pain and has few self-limiting adverse effects. Placebo-controlled randomized trials are needed to fully establish both the long-term outcomes and adverse effects of Botox in this patient population.

Botulinum toxin type A: implications in wound healing, facial cutaneous scarring, and cleft lip repair

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin that has been utilized to induce chemo-denervation of muscles. Cutaneous wounds represent a special situation in which the tensile forces applied by these muscles on wound edges might have deleterious effects on the healing process. The aim of this review was to investigate such an effect and to review other mechanisms this toxin might have on the healing process. We also reviewed the role of botulinum toxin in the management of hypertrophic scars and cleft lip repair.

Botulinum Toxin Type A (BOTOX) for Refractory Myofascial Pelvic Pain

To assess intralevator botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injections for refractory myofascial pelvic pain with short tight pelvic floor. Retrospective cohort study of all women with intralevator Botox injection (100-300 Units) from 2005 through 2010 for refractory myofascial pelvic pain. Primary outcomes were self-reported pain on palpation and symptom improvement. Secondary outcomes included postinjection complications and a second injection. Pain was assessed during digital palpation of the pelvic floor muscles using a scale of 0 to 10, with 10 being the worst possible pain. Follow-up occurred at less than 6 weeks after injection and again at 6 weeks or more. Data are presented as median (interquartile range) or proportion. Thirty-one patients met eligibility criteria; 2 patients were lostto follow-up and excluded. The median age was 55.0 years (38.0-62.0 years). Before Botox injection, the median pain score was 9.5 (8.0-10.0). Twenty-nine patients (93.5%) returned for the first follow-up visit; 79.3% reported improvement in pain, whereas 20.7% reported no improvement. The median pain with levator palpation was significantly lower than before injection (P<0.0001). Eighteen women (58.0%) had a second follow-up visit with a median pain score that remained lower than before injection (P<0.0001). Fifteen (51.7%) women elected to have a second Botox injection; the median time to the second injection was 4.0 months (3.0-7.0 months). Three (10.3%) women developed de novo urinary retention, 2 patients (6.9%) reported fecal incontinence, and 3 patients (10.3%) reported constipation and/or rectal pain; all adverse effects resolved spontaneously. Intralevator injection of Botox demonstrates effectiveness in women with refractory myofascial pelvic pain with few self-limiting adverse effects.

Towards a dose optimisation of botulinum toxin therapy for axillary hyperhidrosis: comparison of different Botox® doses

Botulinum toxin is considered the treatment of choice for axillary hyperhidrosis. Its dosing, however, varies widely. We wanted to study differences in efficacy and adverse effects when Botox(®) 100 MU (B100) or Botox(®) 50 MU (B50) per axilla is applied. In a prospective double blind intraindividual side to side comparison design, we studied 51 patients (38 females, 13 males, age 32.8 ± 13.0 years) with symmetric axillary hyperhidrosis receiving B100 bilaterally the baseline period (BP), B100 unilaterally and B50 contralaterally at direct comparison (DC) and B50 bilaterally during the extension period (EP). 90 % of the patients reported the overall therapeutic effect as 'excellent', 10 % as 'good' during throughout the study. The duration of the therapeutic effect until it began to decline was 3.2 ± 1.3 months at BP, 3.2 ± 1.1 months at DC and 3.3 ± 1.4 months at EP. At DC none of the patients reported side to side differences of the therapeutic effect with respect to onset latency, intensity and duration. Injection site pain was identical on both sides. The clinical examination at the time of the re-injections did not reveal any side differences of the therapeutic effect. Throughout the study none of the patients reported adverse effects. Data suggest that the therapeutic effect of Botox(®) saturates at B50. Higher Botox(®) doses seem not to be necessary thus reducing costs for the treatment substantially.

Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Achalasia

Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Achalasia

Abstracts for Canadian Stroke Conference

Specogna, AV; Patten, SB; Hill, MD; University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Background: Previous studies have examined predictors of treatment costs after Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) in various countries and healthcare systems. Currently however, there is no clear understanding of which factors are associated with cost in any Canadian setting and thus no way of understanding how to plan ICH healthcare spending. Methods: We used a retrospective case series study design and adjusted linear regression to investigate if an association existed between the total cost of ICH hospital care in a Canadian health centre and age (years), gender (female vs. male), Charlson Comorbidity Index (0 vs. ≥1), in-hospital mortality (alive vs. dead), and having surgery (no vs. yes). Economic, treatment, and patient data were obtained from administrative sources. Total inflation-adjusted hospital cost per discharge was estimated in Canadian Dollars and log transformed for all analyses. Results: Analyses were performed using 987 consecutive ICH discharges from 1999 to 2008. The total cost of ICH hospital care was highly variable (mean cost per discharge=$25,613.96±$36,116.33; min $446.81 to max $326,275.10). Older age (β=–0.0057; 95% CI: –0.0103 to –0.0011) and death in hospital (β=–0.4859; 95% CI: –0.6357 to –0.3342) were significantly associated with lower total hospital cost per discharge. Whereas Charlson Comorbidity Index of ≥1 (β=0.6489; 95% CI: 0.5063 to 0.7916) and having surgery (β=1.3552; 95% CI: 1.1893 to 1.5210) were significantly associated with higher total hospital cost per discharge. Gender was not significantly associated with cost (β=0.0727; 95% CI: –0.0679 to 0.2134). Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first study to examine predictors of ICH treatment costs in Canada. In a Canadian health centre, ICH treatment costs were significantly associated with patient age, level of comorbidity, in-hospital mortality, and surgical treatment. This study provides evidence that it may be reasonable to consider …

Modulation of TNFα and TGFβ1 in botox treated rats with burn wounds (62.2)

Abstract Abstract Many attempts have been made to improve wound healing using growth factors and a large array of medications. This study reexamined the effect of Botox on second degree burn wound in rats. Histological alterations and temporal evolution of two cytokines TGFβ1, and TNF-α were assessed in presence and absence of Botox. Fifty adult Sprague Dawley rats were used; one group was injected 10 units of Botox into wound. Daily observation and transepidermal water loss were assessed. Punch biopsies were taken on days 0, 3, 8, 14 and 28 for RNA extraction and PCR, and for routine light microscopy. Botox treated rats showed a delayed inflammation, necrosis, and earlier crust detachment compared to controls. On day 14, a better and smoother epithelialization was noted in the Botox groups. Finally, by day 28, the wound surface area was smaller and the quality of the skin was better with more fibroblasts in the regenerated dermis of Botox group, which expressed 2-4 times more TGFβ1. It peaked on days 3 and 8 and then decreased to almost half the control group by day 28. On the other hand, the TNF-α peaked immediately after burn to almost 20 times the control, then decreased between 2.72 to 5.5 times during the rest of the experiment very much like TGFβ1, or lower. Botox could possibly play an alleviating role and have a positive effect on burn wound healing.