Recently, CdS has been intensively investigated for its excellent photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) evolution property. However, the poor stability and serious photocorrosion severely influence its potential for practical application. In this work, we successfully synthesized Bi surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-promoted Z-scheme Bi2MoO6 nanosheet/CdS-diethylenetriamine (Bi–Bi2MoO6/CdS-DETA) composites via an in situ solvothermal method. Crystalline structure, morphology, electrochemical properties, along with the photocatalytic H2 evolution activity and stability, have been systematically investigated. The as-prepared Bi–Bi2MoO6/CdS-DETA composites with optimized structure exhibited advanced photocatalytic H2 evolution activity (reach to 7.37 mmol h–1 g–1) and high stability. Largely exposed active sites, effective Z-scheme charge separation and Bi metal SPR effect of the two-dimension (2D) heterostructure is contributed to improve H2 generation performance of Bi–Bi2MoO6/CdS-DETA composites. This work provides ...