Effective Use Of Natural Resources Research Articles

The Roles of Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)-Based Biostimulants for Agricultural Production Systems.

The application of biostimulants has been proven to be an advantageous tool and an appropriate form of management towards the effective use of natural resources, food security, and the beneficial effects on plant growth and yield. Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are microbes connected with plant roots that can increase plant growth by different methods such as producing plant hormones and molecules to improve plant growth or providing increased mineral nutrition. They can colonize all ecological niches of roots to all stages of crop development, and they can affect plant growth and development directly by modulating plant hormone levels and enhancing nutrient acquisition such as of potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen, and essential minerals, or indirectly via reducing the inhibitory impacts of different pathogens in the forms of biocontrol parameters. Many plant-associated species such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Streptomyces, Serratia, Arthrobacter, and Rhodococcus can increase plant growth by improving plant disease resistance, synthesizing growth-stimulating plant hormones, and suppressing pathogenic microorganisms. The application of biostimulants is both an environmentally friendly practice and a promising method that can enhance the sustainability of horticultural and agricultural production systems as well as promote the quantity and quality of foods. They can also reduce the global dependence on hazardous agricultural chemicals. Science Direct, Google Scholar, Springer Link, CAB Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, Taylor and Francis, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library were checked, and the search was conducted on all manuscript sections in accordance with the terms Acinetobacter, Arthrobacter, Enterobacter, Ochrobactrum, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Serratia, Streptomyces, Biostimulants, Plant growth promoting rhizobactera, and Stenotrophomonas. The aim of this manuscript is to survey the effects of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria by presenting case studies and successful paradigms in various agricultural and horticultural crops.

Green Knot: trade openness and digital commerce contribute to the natural resources

This study examines the complex relationships among trade liberalization, effective use of natural resources, and digital commerce, particularly on data from China from 2010 to 2022. It analyses sustainable factors driven by resource exploitation, such as carbon emissions, adoption of renewable energy, and ecological integrity, using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). It is critical to comprehend how trade openness and digital commerce affect resource efficiency in an era characterized by resource scarcity and environmental concerns. When properly managed, they can promote global resource conservation and sustainable technology. The potential of trade laws and digitization tactics to encourage resource conservation, stimulate economic growth, and alleviate resource shortages is highlighted in this abstract. It highlights their part in advancing a resource-efficient and ecologically sustainable future.

On the conflict of natural resources abundance and export upgrading in upper-middle and high-income countries

Globalization created immense competition among economies in international markets, which spurs the need for export upgrading and the effective use of natural resources to avoid the Dutch Disease phenomenon. This study investigates the direct and indirect effect of natural resources via infrastructure development on export upgrading. This research constructs a panel of 55 countries with upper-middle-income (UM) and high-income (HI) economies from 2010 to 2018. Export upgrading is measured from export sophistication score based on SITC 3-digit level exports and GDP per capita (PPP, constant US$ 2017). Moreover, the principal component analysis is applied to logistic (LGC), banking (BNK), digitalization (DGT), and telecommunication (TLC) sectoral infrastructure to measure the development level of infrastructure. To overcome the problem of cross-sectional dependence, this study applies within estimator with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors. This study explores the indirect influence of natural resource rent as a moderator between export sophistication and infrastructure development. On the other hand, natural resources positively impact export upgrading via infrastructure development. The thought behind this indirect effect is that a country effectively boosts its production structure and exports when it uses the money it earns from natural resources and the government earnings collected during the boom in the aggregate economic activity generated by natural resources to develop its banking, telecommunication, logistics, and information technology. Our results suggest that to avoid the phenomenon of Dutch Disease, such countries should invest earnings earned from natural resources in developing sectoral infrastructure.

Improving the economic recovery by flexibility, natural resource performance, and resilience

Enhancing economic recovery requires a multidimensional strategy incorporating resilience, natural resource performance, and flexibility. Using a nonlinear ARDL approach, we analyze the interaction between the two concepts from 1991 to 2021. Flexible economic policies enable quick adjustments to shifting conditions, resulting in a dynamic and adaptable recovery process. Effective use of natural resources is essential as they are essential to both sustainability and economic development. While reducing environmental effects, efficient use of resources, such as sustainable agriculture and renewable energy, may increase economic output. Additionally, economic systems must be made more resilient to endure shocks and uncertainty. An economy may become more resilient by creating strong financial institutions and diverse businesses. A complete plan for long-term economic recovery is produced by the interaction of flexibility, resilience, and natural resource management, assuring stability and growth. By tackling these interrelated facets, policymakers may provide the groundwork for a future economy that is more robust and flexible.

Financial development and natural resource efficiency: Unlocking green growth potential

The study aims to test the nexus between financial development and natural resource efficiency to determine the green growth potential. The correlation between financial development and natural resource efficiency has been a topic of much scholarly and policy discussion. This research seeks to investigate the complex connection within the specific setting of China between the years 2000 and 2019. The empirical analysis uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The study examines how progress in the finance industry might facilitate green economic expansion by improving the effective exploitation of natural resources. The results of our study demonstrate a strong and lasting connection between measures of financial progress and metrics of natural resource efficiency. More specifically, enhanced availability of finance improved financial literacy, and higher investment in sustainable initiatives have been shown to have a favorable effect on the effective use of natural resources.

Resources extraction and access to clean energy a curse or blessing for the economy? Middle-income economies case study

The study evaluates the long-lasting and debatable issue of the resource-growth nexus, which unearths whether natural resources have a curse or blessing on economic growth. Hence, this research revisits the nexus of natural resources and economic growth in middle-income economies with more relevant and effective variables: energy efficiency and access to clean fuel technology from 1988 to 2021. The study leveraged various time series methods, including the ADF-GLS stationary analysis to govern the stationary sequence and the Bayer-Hanck cointegration test for long-term cointegration. The primary methods include FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR, which reveal long-term elasticities between dependent and independent variables. Both non-parametric quantile and parametric robust regression are used for robustness checks. The results reveal that time series were found static D (1) and long-term cointegration occurs between economic growth and its regressors: mineral rents, natural gas rents, energy efficiency, and access to clean fuel technology. The empirical findings exhibit that natural gas and mineral rents show an encouraging influence on the economy's growth in middle-income economies, confirming the blessings of these resources. Moreover, energy efficiency and access to clean fuel technology allow effective use of natural resource rents and endorse supportable economic growth. The robustness check scrutiny confirms the results via robust regression, while the robustness test of quantile regression displays asymmetries in the mineral rents and natural gas rents across quantiles. These results indicate several policy implications to policymakers regarding the use of energy efficiency and access to clean fuel technologies should be increased and encouraged to allow the effective use of natural resources for sustainable expansion of the economy.

Environmental approach to ensuring the security of modern enterprises

The development of integration processes and globalization requires an increase in enterprises' level of security. It becomes a necessary condition for their functioning. Issues related to the environmental and economic security of enterprises become relevant in modern conditions of rapid development of production and foreign economic relations and require further research not only at the level of the country but also at the level of regions and enterprises. Therefore, for enterprises, an essential point in their work is ensuring environmental safety without negatively impacting economic safety. Ensuring the enterprise's economic security is always important because it determines its ability to be stable on the market and flexible. Suppose the enterprise needs to pay attention to measures to counter environmental threats. In that case, it may lead to significant financial losses and even stop work. It is emphasized that the ecological component of the enterprise's economic security must guarantee the society's safety from business entities carrying out industrial and commercial activities. For this purpose, the manufacturer must carefully comply with the national norms of the minimum permissible content of harmful substances entering the environment and the ecological parameters of the manufactured products. It has been proven that enterprises' effective use of natural resources will contribute to producing quality products, increase competitiveness, and, most importantly, be environmentally safe for people's health. It is noted that an essential problem in ensuring control over the management system of the ecological component of safety is the reliability of the reported data of the enterprises' users of natural resources. It emphasized the need to introduce stricter requirements for environmental reporting by enterprises, which should lead to strict compliance with the norms and requirements of legislation in the field of ecology and, therefore, increase the environmental and economic security of the enterprise. Enterprise management is built on a balanced solution to environmental and economic problems, finding the optimal relationship between ensuring environmental safety and the expediency of enterprise activity. Keywords: ecological component, enterprise, safety, environmental economy, resources.

Features of small business development in the context of the concept of inclusive growth of the economy

In recent years, in response to global challenges and needs, economic research has shifted towards the study of inclusive economics. This approach seeks to ensure a level playing field for all market participants. It involves the active participation of small and medium-sized enterprises in inclusive growth, supporting creating a favorable business environment. Developing small and medium-sized businesses is considered the primary tool for implementing inclusive principles and encouraging economic activity and innovation in all population segments. Thus, the research aims to solve a complex of problems related to strengthening the economic and social security of the country through the activation of inclusive economic processes. The article aims to study modern processes of small business development in the context of the concept of inclusive growth of the economy and to determine directions and approaches to inclusive growth. It has been established that expanding the opportunities of small and medium-sized enterprises becomes the main element for achieving sustainable economic growth. The need to develop effective mechanisms for supporting and stimulating small and medium-sized businesses to create an inclusive economy, which will contribute to reducing social inequality, increasing employment, and improving the population's standard of living, is substantiated. Special attention is paid in the study to the analysis of barriers that prevent the development of small and medium-sized entrepreneurship. Recommendations are offered to form a favorable investment and innovation climate for expanding the opportunities of small and medium-sized enterprises. Measures have been identified that will contribute to the harmonious combination of economic progress, social justice, and effective use of natural resources, which allows small and medium-sized enterprises to ensure balanced growth, taking into account the needs of all segments of the population and ensuring the interests of various social groups within the innovative growth of the economy. Keywords: economic inequality, economic growth, inclusive economy, concept of inclusive development, small and medium enterprises.

Does green finance and natural resources agglomeration have potential for green economic growth? Evidence from Asian perspective

This study examines how natural resources, carbon emissions, and foreign direct investment impact China’s long-term economic regeneration initiatives. Between 2001 and 2021, data from 286 cities were gathered, and DID analysis and other econometric methods were used to examine the data. The results indicate that although the cost of carbon emissions severely impacts China’s green economy, short-term growth is boosted by the expansion of natural resources and the development of financial markets. These findings support the hypothesis that the relationship between natural resources, economic development, and carbon emissions is linear. Policymakers should build a framework for policy based on these results that promote better and more effective use of natural resources for both financial and developmental growth. This may support long-term sustainability in China and green economic growth. Overall, this study provides insightful information on the connection between natural resources, carbon emissions, and economic development.

Bioeconomy-based tourism: A new concept responding to the support of bioeconomy

Tourism has experienced dynamic development in recent decades and has become one of the fastest growing industries; however, the COVID-19 pandemic caused unprecedented changes and declines in revenues and tourism trends. With the strong support of bioeconomy (BE) this period brings a great opportunity to transform the entire tourism sector into a model responding to that concept. The main aim of this article is to prove whether and under what possible conditions tourism is a part of the concept of BE. Selected European Union (EU) countries have been chosen so that every geographical area is represented. This analysis was therefore carried out for a total of 12 states and the EU as a whole (13 entities). Of these 13 entities, seven have their own BE strategy and six do not. According to the level of emphasis on the field of tourism in the examined documents, we divided the states into three categories. Although the selected and analysed countries mention tourism in their BE strategies with various emphasis and approach, the inclusion of tourism under this concept is evident. Bioeconomy-based tourism has been designed as a new concept that considers the approach of BE. It focuses above all on a sustainable level of tourism in the connection of economic and environmental pillars, where the main emphasis is placed on the effective use of natural resources and maximum effort not to waste these resources, as well as to support economic growth.

Impact of climate mitigation technology and natural resource management on climate change in China

Climate degradation is a significant issue around the globe, and climate change mitigation technologies and the effective use of natural resources are significant factors in reducing climate degradation, which require research attention. The current article analyses the impact of climate mitigation technology (renewable energy production and consumption) and natural resource management (natural resource rent and depletion) on climate change (greenhouse gas emissions) in China. A nonlinear ARDL technique is used to test the link between the constructs over the period 1991–2021. The findings reveal that renewable energy (RE) output, RE consumption, natural resource rent, and natural resource depletion have negative associations with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in China, while industrialization and population growth have positive associations. The research provides guidelines for regulators formulating regulations related to climate change using climate mitigation technology and effective use of natural resources.

Lease contract of water objects: environmental and legal aspects and prospects for use

It is emphasized that, despite social changes in the world, general processes and the importance of restoration, protection and conservation of the natural environment, there are acute problems of rational and effective use of natural resources and complexes in Ukraine. This does not fully correspond to the commonly recognized concept of the need to consider the interests of future generations and meet the contemporary needs of humanity. Based on this, it has been proven that there is an urgent need to provide the introduction of rational and effective use of natural resources and complexes, as well as to restore and preserve the latter, in order to correct the current situation, guarantee the realization of the environmental rights of every citizen of our country and the right to use natural resources in particular.
 An analysis of the norms of the current domestic legislation, in particular, water and land legislation, whose prescriptions regulate relations with the use of natural objects, including water ones, was carried out. It is argued that one of the priority steps now should be the development of a special legal mechanism, for example, by spreading the practice of using objects under a lease contract. Based on the modern trends in the functioning and development of environmental law and its leading sub-branches - water and land, it is proved that when studying the contract for the lease of water (water objects), namely its legal nature, it is of great interest to clearly establish as its object, as well as essential features of the latter.
 The ecological state of water objects on the territory of our country is characterized. It was found out that the main reason for the clear separation and legislative consolidation of the types of intended use when renting the mentioned objects is their functional purpose, since the components of the water ecosystem are interdependent and interconnected. It is proposed to bring in accordance with the provisions of the Water Code of Ukraine art. 59 of the Land Code of Ukraine, making changes to the list of types of targeted rental use. Proposals for improving the environmental (in particular, water and land) legislation of Ukraine regarding the legal basis of the water lease contract are substantiated.

Methodological principles of the formation the concept of green economy

Introduction. A “green economy” is an economy that aims to reduce environmental risks and environmental deficits, and that aims at sustainable development without environmental degradation. It is closely related to environmental economics, but has a more politically applied orientation. A green economy is socially inclusive, produces very little carbon and is resource efficient. In this aspect, the problem of forming new ways of development for the restoration of the natural environment, while ensuring a decent standard of living for people, becomes particularly important. Among the important results of such searches are the concept of “green economy” and indicators of “green economy”, their adaptation to the real conditions of the country and regions.The purpose of the article is to research and analyze the methodological foundations of the formation of the concept of green economy, its main principles and indicators.Methods. The methodological basis of the research is theoretical generalization and comparison, analysis and synthesis, carrying out scientific knowledge in order to define the concept of “green economy” and the concept of “green economy”. The statistical and factual basis of the study is the official data of the statistical organization of the European Commission - Eurostat.Conclusions and prospects of further research. The concept of “green economy” is defined, which is based on minimizing the impact on the environment, social justice, ensuring a high level of well-being. The concept of “green economy” has gained special importance in recent years. The goal of the “green economy” is the formation of an effective environment for economic and social progress, based on minimizing the negative impact on the environment and effective use of natural resources while maintaining a decent population balance; reducing waste or ensuring its proper disposal is an important part of the ongoing process of economic development to protect lives and livelihoods and transition to a vibrant green and sustainable economy.Prospects for further research consists in applying the principles and concept of “green economy” for the transition and development of the domestic “green economy”.

Effect of cadmium on agrochemical and ecological status of irrigated soils

The sources of environmental pollution with heavy metals are mainly wastes of the metal production industry, combustion products of various fuels, car fumes and exhaust gases, chemicals used in agriculture, etc. The use of coal, oil, gas and a number of other fuels is increasing day by day, which pollutes the environment several times more than the metal production industry. Also, heavy metals enter the soil with biocides and mineral fertilizers, and soil contamination with heavy metals accumulates in the human body along the food chain and causes various diseases. In Uzbekistan, serious attention is being paid to the issues of ensuring ecological stability, creating the necessary conditions for the population to have a comfortable natural environment, rational and effective use of natural resources, preventing emerging environmental problems and eliminating their negative consequences. This article presents the accumulation of cadmium element in the takyr-meadow and meadow soils of Kashkadarya region, Kasbi district, exceeding the permissible standards.

Pinus brutia extractives analysis for sustainability

The aim of this study was to determine all the extractives from different samples were collected from heartwood, sapwood, bark and needles and branches of Pinus brutia. A Soxlet device with two solvents (water and ethanol) were used to collect the extracts. Analytical chemical analyses were conducted with Gas C1hromatography-Mass Spectrometry (Agilent 5975C). The greater percentage of the extracts in water and ethanol showed that the greater percentage of them is found in the branches and needles of the trees. Especially the results showed significant amounts of the chemical compounds, such as Borneol, Tetradecane, 6,6-Biquinoline, Butyl citrate, Isopropyl palmitate and Isopropyl myristate, which can be used for sustainability, environmental integration at the aspect of more effective use of natural resources and have many uses in novel – functional food, green chemistry and pharmaceutical industries. Finally, the greater percentage of the extracts in water and ethanol showed that the greater percentage of them is found in the branches and needles of the trees.

ФІНАНСОВО-ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНІ МЕХАНІЗМИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТАЛОГО ЕКОЛОГО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ЗРОСТАННЯ УКРАЇНИ

Financing of ecological and economic growth involves the implementation of specialized mechanisms and approaches that take into account the special requirements of sustainable development and effective use of natural resources. At the same time, in the conditions of global challenges and significant internal disparities, the field of so-called environmental finance is characterized by a number of problems. The analysis revealed that the beginning of Russia`s war in Ukraine led to additional challenges and changes in the field of environmental financing, since the crisis situation and the determination of budget priorities significantly affect the distribution of financial resources and planned activities in this field. State budget expenditures on defense as of June 2023 amounted to 52.75%, and they will increase as soon as the possibility of additional financing of its needs appears. At the same time, the funds of macro-financial international aid are directed to the general fund of the budget, from where all costs are financed, and there is also an agreement with the EU that their funds go to humanitarian needs and are not spent on financing the spheres of security and defense. The analysis of the current situation, as well as full-scale military actions in Ukraine, leads to the conclusion about the need to intensify the financing of green initiatives and projects, as well as the development of appropriate mechanisms for tools. According to the formalization, the relevant financial mechanisms should be implemented at several levels, in particular, similarly, through the prism of two models: sectoral and territorial models. Ensuring the financing of ecological and economic growth is an important task for any state, as it contributes to the balanced development of the economy, the preservation of natural resources, and the improvement of the quality of life of citizens. A number of measures aimed at expanding investment support are proposed, namely, the development of a comprehensive strategy for ecological and economic development, the creation of an attractive and stable investment climate, the development of innovative, digital technologies and the implementation of green solutions should be priorities, the state can attract funds through the issue of "green bonds", development of partnerships between the public sector, private companies and international organizations.

Pinus nigra extractives analysis for green growth

This study aimed to determine all the extractives from Pinus nigra. Different samples were collected from heartwood, sapwood and bark. A Soxlet device and three different solvents (water, ethanol, dichloromethane) were used to collect the extracts. Chemical analyses were conducted with GC-MS (Agilent 5975C). The results revealed significant amounts of the chemical compounds, such as phthalic acid, squalene, linoleic acid, ethyl oleate, propenoic acid, isopropyl myristate and humulen, which have many applications in green chemistry, novel – functional food and pharmaceutical industries and can be used for green growth, circular economy and environmental integration at the aspect of more effective use of natural resources and forest recovery.

A Literature Review on the Use of Recycled Construction and Demolition Materials in Unbound Pavement Applications

The construction industry is one of the biggest sectors of economic activity in the European Union, consuming more energy and natural resources than any other industrial activity. Additionally, construction and demolition (C&D) waste is the most common waste produced throughout the European Union. A more efficient and effective use of natural resources and the attenuation of environmental impacts provoked by their extraction could be accomplished if correct construction and demolition waste management and recycling policies were implemented. The use of recycled C&D waste in road pavement layers is a solution with economic and environmental benefits that has been widely studied in recent decades. This paper provides a literature review on the relevant engineering properties of different types of recycled aggregates coming from C&D waste, a comparison with the properties of natural aggregates, and how these recycled aggregates perform in the long-term when used in unbound pavement applications. An analysis of the current status of C&D waste generation and recovery practices in the European Union is also presented. The aim of this review is to further encourage the use of recycled materials coming from C&D waste, particularly in unbound pavement applications, since, in general, research conducted worldwide has proven their good performance in the short and long-term.

Re-visiting the resource curse hypothesis in the MINT economies.

Natural resources are extremely important to the economy, particularly in emerging nations such as the MINT (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey) nations. To improve their economic performance, such nations put a priority on maximizing the use of natural resources. These natural materials are the basis on which all living creatures rely, and they are the primary motivation behind contemporary production. Therefore, the current research utilizes a dataset spanning the period from 1970 to 2019 to assess the effect of natural resource on economic growth for the MINT nations. The present study uses a unique quantile-on-quantile regression (QQR) approach to assess this interrelationship. Furthermore, we apply the novel quantile causality suggested by Troster (2018), which identifies causality across quantiles. The findings from the QQR reveal that in the majority of the quantiles, the effect of natural resources on economic expansion is positive in Nigeria and Mexico, while it is negative in Indonesia and Turkey. In addition, a feedback causality is found between economic growth and natural resources for Mexico, Indonesia, and Nigeria. Based on the results, it is paramount for policymakers to develop policies or frameworks that promote cleaner energy sources and more effective use of natural resources, which can aid the country's economic growth.

RICE WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEMS-CONSTRAINTS AND STRATEGIES : A REVIEW

The rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS) in the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP) of South Asia with the help of Green Revolution in the early 1970’s greatly contributed to India's food self-sufficiency and livelihood of millions of peoplethus, became the country's primary source of food-grain production. However, deterioration of soil health and quality, ground water depletion, water stress, labour shortage, introduction of new weeds and pests particularly Phalaris minor, Scirpophaga incertulas and climate change have all contributed to a major production standstill and deterioration in recent years by which the sustainability of rice wheat cropping system is now at jeopardy. Traditional agronomic practices had various negative implications on the sustainability of rice wheat cropping system with the introduction of HYVs. So, a paradigm shift is required to achieve long-term productivity, sustainability and allow farmers to minimise inputs, optimise yields, enhance profitability, maintain the natural resource base and reduce risk owing to both environmental and economic issues through resource-conserving technologies (RCTs) including zero/minimaltillage, PUSA decomposer, bed planting, crop residue management, mechanical rice transplanter (MRT) and crop diversification. This article focuses some of the issues that need to be addressed in the RWCS in order to achieve the goal of increasing regional productivity and assuring food security while maximising the effective use of natural resources, enhancing rural livelihoods and aiding in poverty alleviation.