Effective Use Of Human Capital Research Articles

Gender features of human capital development in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The basis of this study was the analysis of the human capital reproductive processes in the Republic of Kazakhstan, considering the gender component. The object was the human capital of Kazakhstan’s regions, and the subject was the gender aspect of human capital development. Mincer’s supplemented human capital assessment model was the primary model for calculating human capital. Factors influencing the effective use of human capital in the regions, considering the gender component, were identified, and their indices were calculated. The analysis showed a persistent gender gap in life expectancy, education level, income, and labour market. Based on the results, leader and outsider regions in terms of the accumulated human capital level were identified. The analysis indicates the responsible attitude of the government of the Republic of Kazakhstan towards developing gender equality. Over the past ten years, Kazakhstan has advanced significantly in its efforts to empower women in the socio-political sphere. The Republic of Kazakhstan has assumed obligations under several international agreements, adopted many laws, and developed government measures critical for increasing women’s participation in government activities.

Генезис концепцій людського капіталу в економічній теорії

The aim of the article is to study the evolution of scientists’ views on the category of human capital and to reproduce the genesis of this scientific category. Human capital is considered in the article as a multifactorial intellectual system that explores the emergence, development, formation and improvement under the influence of objective and subjective factors. The article analyzes the history of the development of economic thought and the evolution of the theory of human capital. A study of the system of scientific tools of representatives of mercantilism, the school of physiocrats, classical political economy, marginalism, neoliberalism, neoclassical theory, Keynesianism, institutional school and neo-institutionalism is carried out and the possibilities of its application in the global context of human development are determined. The objective economic, organizational, historical, scientific-technical, social and institutional prerequisites for the formation of the conception of human capital are defined. The conception of human capital is a new socioeconomic paradigm, the basis for the formation of which was the transition from the traditional economic system of development to the modern or innovative system. Within the framework of the theory of human capital, a person is considered through the prism of economic processes: social production, reproduction, economic activity. This was the basis for the rapid formation and spread of the theory of human capital. Objective reality emphasizes the importance of the formation and effective use of human capital, and significant scientific achievements on this issue confirm the long process of evolutionary development and relevance regardless of time intervals. The directions for further research include the development of methods for assessing human capital, in particular on the basis of the Human Development Index, a powerful tool for analyzing global processes and transformations in society.

МОДЕЛЬ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ КОМПЕТЕНТНОЇ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ

In the conditions of rapid changes and technological progress, innovative development becomes a necessary condition for the effective functioning of any organization, which confirms the relevance of this issue. The purpose of the study is to determine the features and elemental composition of the innovative development model of a competent organization. Innovative development of a competent organization involves the implementation of strategies, tools and practices aimed at ensuring high competence of employees and effective knowledge management. The results of the analysis show that the innovative development of any organization is a unique multifactorial process of change, aimed at finding new ways of creating and realizing potential, the main goal of which is to maintain competitive positions on the market in conditions of a changing external environment. A conceptual model of innovative development of a competent organization is proposed, the main elements of which are the goal, organization, interested parties, innovative capacity and investment opportunities, components of innovative development. According to the proposed model, the main components of innovative development of a competent organization are: innovation-investment; administrative; behavioral; competent. The peculiarity of the proposed conceptual model is that it is focused on ensuring the innovative development of a competent organization, combining innovative and competence approaches. Effective management of the innovative development of a competent organization requires the integration of all elements of the model into a single system, which will allow the organization not only to maintain a competitive position in the market, but also to ensure an increase in the level of competitiveness in conditions of constant changes. The practical use of the proposed innovative development model will allow a competent organization to quickly adapt to changes in the external environment, flexibly respond to consumer demands, promote sustainable development, effective use of human capital, and increase the level of competitiveness, which is a necessary condition for the success of modern organizations.

SUBSTANTIATION OF HR STRATEGY IN THE BUSINESS PLAN OF THE COMPANY

SUBSTANTIATION OF HR STRATEGY IN THE BUSINESS PLAN OF THE COMPANY

Factors Influencing the Formation of Human Capital of Agribusiness of Russia Under Modern Conditions

The state agrarian policy is one of the main elements of the state socio-economic policy. The relevance of the issues of formation and effective use of human capital in the agricultural sector is increasing taking into account the aggravation of the demographic situation, economic and political sanctions, and global economic development trends.

РОЗВИТОК ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ В КОНТЕКСТІ ДОСЯГНЕННЯ ЦІЛЕЙ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ

The article examines the evolution of the concept of «human capital». Emphasis is placed on the fact that now human capital is a form of expression of human creative forces that is adequate to the innovative stage of society’s development, included in the system of innovative economy as the main factor that ensures the quality of social and economic progress of society. It is noted that investments in human capital should be made at four levels: personal; micro levels; meso-level and macro-level. The component categories of human capital are highlighted. The peculiarities of investments in human capital in the context of achieving the goals of sustainable development are determined. The importance of not only the formation, but also the reproduction of human capital is emphasized. It is noted that in order to effectively reproduce human capital, it is necessary to invest money in improving the qualifications of citizens, as well as investing in the content of work and ensuring mobility in cases of structural changes in employment. The principles and functions of the process of reproduction of human capital are defined. It was emphasized that the country’s activities in the field of education, health care and professional training should become an important element of the government's activities. It is noted that in order to receive income from investments in human capital, a person must have education, health and mobility. Accordingly, three types of investment can be distinguished: education costs, including training for a specific workplace; health care costs, namely disease prevention, medical care, healthy food, favorable housing conditions; costs for mobility, which involves the possibility of migration from economically negative places. In order to ensure the sustainable development of human capital, it is necessary to: ensure equal access of citizens to quality medical services; improvement of the environment; transforming education into an innovative environment in which key subjects will acquire key competencies necessary for life and building a successful career; introducing fair pension payments and improving the effectiveness of social support of the population; ensuring the effective use of human capital by stimulating the development of innovative enterprises and the demand for innovative personnel, etc.

HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT: THE TRAINING TECHNOLOGIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT IN EXTREME SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSFORMATIONS

In the article presents the results of the research on the role of training technologies in the process of modernizing the educational space in order to implement measures for the formation and effective use of human capital in times of extreme socio-demographic transformations. Human capital is one of the basic factors of economic stability, social security and demographic development in the modern world of post-industrial changes. At the same time, the process of formation of this specific asset itself is dependent on many social, economic and demographic circumstances. The complexity and multifacited nature of such a relationship dictates the importance of constantly clarifying goals and priority measures, taking into account the current situation and potential threats. The essence of human capital as an economic asset and driving force of post-industrial transformations is characterized. The priority tasks of the system of psychological and pedagogical support of the educational process have been clarified, including the place of training technologies in its structure. It provided the basis for determining the methods of obtaining empirical data and conducting a formative experiment regarding the feasibility of using training programs in the process of forming human capital in higher education institutions. According to the results of the correlation analysis, the high significance of the training work as a component of the system of psychological and pedagogical support was established. The scientific novelty of the conducted research lies in the fact that the theoretical and methodological approaches to the modernization of the educational space of Ukraine have received further development. The practical significance of the research results is determined by the possibility of applying the formulated theoretical conclusions and empirically obtained data in the process of developing and implementing programs of psychological and pedagogical support for various categories of education seekers, including lifelong education.

ANALYSIS OF HEALTH SYSTEM INDICATORS IN THE CONTEXT OF HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article analyzes the indicators of the health care system as one of the subsystems that form and ensure the effective use of human capital. The globalization of socio-economic and political processes, the acceleration of informatization, the introduction of new technologies, high speed of thinking require a revision and expansion of the theory of human capital. The most relevant paradigm shift in the development of the theory of human capital is observed in the current socio-economic and political conditions associated with the need to address the global issues of the human pandemic (COVID-19), in the context of rapid response and aggravation of the situation in the healthcare system of Russia and the world as a whole. As a result of the analysis of the indicators of the health care system, using a ranking system of statistical indicators, based on the presented rating of the regions of the Russian Federation, the authors propose a cluster approach to the distribution of regions of the Russian Federation, which allows us to pay attention to the problems of forming human capital in a number of districts, to identify the overall dynamics of development indicators of the healthcare system in Russia. Show the need to develop a modern health care system as a system that ensures the preservation and improvement of the efficiency of human capital use.

The Role of Human Capital in the Economic Development of Countries

Human capital is the main valuable resource of states, the development of the economies of countries and regions as a whole. In many works of scientists and economists, the problems of development, formation, and effective use of human capital are reflected. In a market economy, the development competitiveness of countries depends on the level of progress, which includes the introduction of new advanced innovations. For determining the level of development of countries, the indicators are taken as volume of gross domestic product, life expectancy, level of education and etc. The main factor on development and formation of human capital is education. In a market, the role of education has increased by providing socio-economic and competitive education. The main task of article is the creation of qualified education system in necessary conditions for each individual, which will be contributed to the development and improvement of human capital. The purpose of the study is to consider the rating of human capital in separate countries, their role in the economy and factors of human development. The main sources of the study were data from electronic resources and from the World Bank. The following tasks were solved: reflects the rating of human capital by country and region; the role of human capital in the economies of individual countries is determined; reflects the main measures for the development of human capital in countries and regions; tools and criteria for the development and improvement of human capital are defined.

PRIORITIES OF STATE POLICY FOR FORMATION AND EFFECTIVE USE OF HUMAN CAPITAL AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC GROWTH

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the priorities of state policy of formation and effective use of human capital as a factor in economic growth of Ukraine. The urgency of the problem of determining strategic priorities and vectors of qualitative formation and effective use of human capital of the state is revealed. The role and directions of increasing the efficiency of human capital use in order to strengthen competitiveness and ensure economic growth of the state are generalized. Measures have been identified that contribute to improving the place of human capital in the system of competitiveness and economic growth, in the areas of: personnel, innovation, organizational, financial, social, marketing, technological innovation. The strategic priorities of the state policy of formation and effective use of human capital in the context of ensuring economic growth in Ukraine are identified, concerning improving the quality of the system of professional training and advanced training of personnel; improving the planning of costs for intellectualization and development of research; improving the resource security of research and innovation activities; development of entrepreneurial activity in the research sphere, as well as high-tech startups; improving the efficiency of the infrastructure elements of scientific and innovative activities; increasing costs and investment in the intellectualization of commercial economic activity. The applied significance of the research results is that six technological stages of the state policy of quality formation of human capital in the context of economic growth in Ukraine are identified: analysis and identification of risks and threats to human capital; development of methodology; approbation of the method; identification of scenarios for the recovery of human capital in Ukraine; planning and institutionalization of public policy; improving the state policy of preservation and development of human capital. The scientific novelty of the research results is that the methodological approach to the planning of the state policy of ensuring the economic growth of the state and the means of formation and effective use of human capital have been improved.

Pandemic, Post-Industrialism, Human Capital: A Look From the Province

This article contains an attempt at a sociological reconstruction and conceptualization of some of the trends and prospects that were revealed during the pandemic crisis. The empirical basis of the study was a dataset collected as part of a research project devoted to the problems of effective use of human capital in the Khakassia region and the south of the Krasnoyarsk territory. The results required an appeal to a wider array of statistical data, the analysis of which made it possible to formulate some alternative macroeconomic scenarios for the effective use of human capital. The pandemic crisis, taken as a ‘natural experiment’, showed that the Information Technology sector and pre-industrial forms of the economy were the least vulnerable; the rest needed organizational and financial support to maintain survivability. The analysis showed that the movement from an archaic society to a post-industrial one for the overwhelming majority of the population who were forced to work in the service sector was not progress of personal freedom, but, on the contrary, an aggravation of slavery. The most stable and reliable sector unexpectedly was the pre-industrial sector, in which personal economic freedom is not declarative, but genuine. The competition of more developed economic types of society with pre-industrial ones is of an unfair character, accompanied by artificial discrimination, which additionally indicates the natural stability of the latter. In addition, providing employment for the population, an increasingly acute problem of a developed economy, does not pose any difficulties for an archaic one, as employment is always universal here. In this sense, subsistence and small-scale commodity farming is not a dying social rudiment, but a ‘reserve airfield’ to which society can always return during a crisis. Another argument for the prospects of a pre-industrial economic cluster is the ability to resist totalitarian digital control.
 Keywords: post-industrialism, human capital, pandemic, social control

МАКРОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ФАКТОРОВ, ВЛИЯЮЩИХ НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО КАПИТАЛА

Recently, the study of the formation and effective use of human capital in the economy of the country is particular relevance. This article is devoted to the research the formation of human capital. The article attempts to analyze the factors influencing on the process of human capital formation in the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Effective Use of Human Capital in the Context of Sustainable Development of the Region

Introduction. Sustainable development is Russia's strategic goal at the national and regional levels. Currently, its key factor is innovation, which, in turn, is determined by the availability of sufficient amount of human capital, it being a set of knowledge, skills and abilities, including the ability of a person to generate ideas, create innovations, and bring them to production. Although Russia has a fairly large amount of human capital, its economy is experiencing difficulties in shifting to the innovation-driven model. Based on the conducted research, the article evaluates effectiveness of the use of human capital and analyzes the causes of the existing contradiction. Materials and Methods. The theoretical foundations of the study include the works of Russian and foreign academic economists, generalization and critical analysis of which made it possible to show the indirect impact of human capital on sustainable development. Based on data from the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, its territorial offices and the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation, the efficiency of the use of human capital by Russian regions was calculated employing the index method and it was compared with the level of the socio-economic development. Results. The level of innovation activity in Russia’s regions remains low. Innovation has not become a driving force for sustainable development. One of the reasons for this is low effectiveness of the use of human capital. Calculations of this indicator, carried out according to the adopted methodology, make it possible to conclude that Russia’s regions use slightly more than half of the accumulated human capital. Consequently, there are reserves for boosting innovation activity. Indirectly, this is evidenced by the comparison of the level of socio-economic development of the region and the index of effectiveness of the use of human capital. Discussion and Conclusion. The conducted research makes it possible to conclude that increasing effectiveness of the use of human capital will contribute to the growth of innovation in the economy of the regions and thereby facilitate the transition to the model of sustainable development.

Effective use of human capital in rural areas

Effective use of human capital in rural areas

The impact of the transformation of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the reproduction of human capital: socio-economic aspect

In the context of the transition of the national economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan to an innovative type of development, the issues of the formation and development of human capital are becoming increasingly important. Increasing labor productivity, developing high-tech production, creating innovative products in the republic is impossible without providing the branches of the national economy with personnel who have the necessary professional and personal competencies. In turn, social and economic factors affect the formation and quality of human capital, while there is an uneven spatial distribution of human resources. Accordingly, the priorities of the socio-economic development of the territories require coordination with the tasks of increasing human capital. The basis of this study is the analysis of the reproduction processes of human capital in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, taking into account the socio-economic component. The object of the research is the human capital of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the subject of the research is the socio-economic aspect of the development of human capital. The method of the integral index for assessing human capital was taken as the main model for calculating human capital. We identified not only socio-economic factors affecting the effective use of human capital in the regions, but also demographic, environmental components and calculated indices based on these factors. The analysis showed that one of the key factors affecting the differentiation of the level of accumulated human capital is socio-economic. According to the results, the regions were identified as leaders and outsiders in terms of the level of accumulated human capital, regions with a post-industrial warehouse of the economy have high indicators of the human capital index, regions with agricultural specialization are low.

Strategic Priorities for the Human Capital Development in the Context of Socio-Economic Inequality of Russia’s Regions

At the present stage of development of the world and Russian economies, research on problems in the field of human capital development in its close relationship with economic growth is due to the transition to digital technologies and qualitative changes in the labor market. In Russia, these processes are complicated by persistent imbalances in regional development. The economic lag of regions, which is also caused by the low level of development and quality of human capital, leads to the formation of institutional traps: low incomes, reduced returns on education and, as a result, lack of motivation to invest in human capital lead to increased regional inequality and create a vicious circle. The authors justify the need to develop a regional policy in the "poor" and "middle" regions aimed at developing and improving the quality of human capital by increasing public investment in education. In addition, the article highlights barriers to quantitative growth, qualitative development and effective use of human capital in Russian regions.

ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНО-БУДІВЕЛЬНА ГАЛУЗЬ ЯК ГАРАНТ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЖИТТЄВОГО РІВНЯ НАСЕЛЕННЯ ТА ФУНДАМЕНТ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ КРАЇНИ

The situation in the construction complex of the state and crisis phenomena in it are shown. It is proposed to return to the basic components of system management of the industry, lost due to spontaneous pseudo-market processes. Problems that need to be overcome are systematized, they are the following: attracting investments, increasing effective demand in the domestic market, strengthening the competitiveness of production, the predominance of innovative technologies, increasing the quality of products and facilities, bringing the legal framework to European standards, training of employees and managers. The state of the housing market, the importance of its openness, transparency, systematization and regulation are described. The special importance of the regulatory function of the state in the current situation is pointed out. The importance and role of comprehensive activities for housing construction economic growth is emphasized. The need to create conditions for increasing the volume of products sold under international agreements through investment and interstate projects is noted. The relationship between the results of the construction industry and the effective use of human capital is given, for which each company needs measures to improve work with staff, improve their skills, financial incentives and social security. The expediency of introducing the mechanism of energy service in construction, which is part of the management system with subsystems of planning, organization, regulation, motivation and control, is proved. The role of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative activities of enterprises to ensure quality and effective management of production processes is analyzed. The information on development schemes of the organization at registration of the allowing documentation, financing, designing, market research, selection of participants, accounting, construction, property management is provided. The function of settlements' territories as separate objects at construction of inhabited premises is defined. Award on the need for construction and reconstruction of "sleeping" areas in cities, which requires significant investment, development of building structures, as well as established close relationships with industrial, commercial, cultural, entertainment and other facilities.

ІНВЕСТУВАННЯ В ЛЮДСЬКИЙ КАПІТАЛ ЯК СКЛАДНИК КОРПОРАТИВНОЇ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ

The article considers investing in human capital as a component of corporate social responsibility (hereinafter CSR). It is studied that human capital is the main strategic resource of any enterprise, and an extremely important component of intangible assets. The concept of corporate social responsibility for investing in human capital is highlighted. The essence of investments in human capital and their features are considered. The benefits of investing in human capital for the state, enterprise and employee. The research carried out by the center "Development of corporate social responsibility" is analyzed. The tendencies of introduction of corporate social responsibility at the enterprises of Ukraine are investigated. The essence of such concepts as "corporate social responsibility" and "human capital" is revealed. Modern problems of socially responsible investment development in Ukraine are outlined. The advantages of introduction of corporate social responsibility for economic growth of the enterprise and economy as a whole are defined. The analysis of scientific works and research shows that the problems of investing in human capital are studied by many domestic and foreign economists. It has been proven that investing in human capital is one of the key components of corporate social responsibility. Ways to increase the effective use of human capital in the business entity to obtain high results and motivate productivity, they can be: taking online courses, which will help improve skills without leaving the production; increase work motivation; investment by the company in human capital. With the help of these tools, the company will be provided with highly qualified personnel and will increase its competitiveness in market conditions. It is established that it is necessary to stimulate enterprises to introduce corporate social responsibility, because this is a concept that does not immediately, but over time provides additional financial benefits. Corporate social responsibility minimizes the non-financial risks that an enterprise may incur. It directly affects financial performance and competitiveness, but in the long run.

Профориентационный дневник как инструмент формирования человеческого капитала региона

The article is devoted to a topical issue of the economy and society of the 21st century - the search and scientific substantiation of methodological techniques and tools for the formation and effective use of human capital in the regions of Russia. To achieve this goal, traditional general scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, survey. It is substantiated that vocational guidance work with the young generation of Russians contributes not only to their professional and personal self-determination, but also to the successful implementation of the accumulated human capital. The development of the phenomenon of vocational guidance is considered in a historical retrospective in the context of expanding the boundaries of human freedom in the socio-economic system. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of the applied aspect of vocational guidance work in high school - a certified program of additional professional education “Perspective: Your Path to Success”. The article presents a career guidance project based on the program “Perspective: Your Path to Success” and implemented in Vologda on the basis of the Vologda Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The uniqueness of the program lies in keeping a diary “Turn on 35!” The concept of which includes three sequential and complementary blocks: motivation, self-knowledge, resource map. The first block of the diary is devoted to the motivational component in choosing a professional path. The second block is aimed at self-knowledge and compilation by students of an individual “selfie screen” reflecting the inner world. The third block is a resource map of the region, which consists of up-to-date information about enterprises and organizations of the Vologda region, about the prospects for employment and career growth in the region. It is this aspect that determines the scientific novelty of the work. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that a similar project can be applied in other regions interested in highly effective development and preservation of human resources.

A study of directions of development of innovative activity in the regions

One of the priority strategic directions for improving the competitiveness of any region is the effective use of human capital, the use of resources and high technologies. This article discusses the factors that influence the innovative development of regions, and the main directions. The main global trend in the formation of modern society is the transition from a raw materials and industrial economy to a new economy based on intellectual resources, knowledge and information technology. In the economies of developed countries, such a system of relations between industry, society and science is formed, which is mainly focused on innovative development; where innovations serve as the basis for the development of these categories and they in turn encourage the development of innovations, through which the direction of the innovation process and important directions of science development are determined.