Implementation Of Effective Strategies Research Articles

Assessing the role of information technology in promoting environmental sustainability and preventing crime in E-commerce

AbstractThe rise of e-commerce necessitates sustainable practices for a greener future. While the e-commerce boom offers immense economic opportunities, minimizing its environmental impact and upholding ethical business conduct are essential. Current research on e-commerce heavily focuses on information technology (IT) for understanding and improving consumer acceptance. However, a critical gap exists in exploring IT's potential contributions to sustainability, crime prevention, and environmental safety. This study bridges this gap by exploring the role of IT integration in managerial practices to enhance environmental protection, crime prevention, and foster sustainability within Bangladesh's booming e-commerce sector. Focusing on e-commerce managers' perspectives, the research examines effective leadership strategies for IT implementation. Additionally, it utilizes the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to analyze the relationships between user perception and its impact on e-commerce performance. Using a structured questionnaire, we collected the data from 418 e-commerce managers. The research design incorporates a robust framework, hypothesis formulation, and methodological rigor grounded in TAM principles. The findings reveal a significant positive contribution of IT to environmental protection, crime prevention, and overall sustainability within the e-commerce sector. Managers' perceptions highlight that effective IT utilization ensures environmental safety, safeguards data against criminal activity, and promotes organizational sustainability. Furthermore, this research provides a roadmap for e-commerce businesses to accelerate their sustainability efforts. It also equips academics with valuable insights to advance knowledge on building a secure and sustainable future in the digital age.

Drug administration errors among anaesthesia providers in South Africa: a cross-sectional descriptive study

BackgroundDrug administration errors (DAEs) in anaesthesia are common, the aetiology multifactorial and though mostly inconsequential, some lead to substantial harm. The extend of DAEs remain poorly quantified and effective implementation of prevention strategies sparse.MethodA cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using a peer-reviewed survey questionnaire, circulated to 2217 anaesthetists via a national communication platform. The aim was to determine the self-reported frequency, nature, contributing factors and reporting patterns of DAEs among anaesthesia providers in South Africa.ResultsOur cohort had a response rate was 18.9%, with 420 individuals populating the questionnaire. 92.5% of surveyed participants have made a DAE and 89.2% a near-miss. Incorrect route of administration, potentially resulting in serious harm, accounted for 8.2% (n = 23/N = 279) of these errors. DAEs mostly reported in cases involving adult patients (80.5%, n = 243/N = 302), receiving a general anaesthetic (71.8%, n = 216/N = 301), where the drug-administrator prepared the drugs themselves (78.7%, n = 218/N = 277), during normal daytime hours (69.9%, n = 202/N = 289) with good lightning conditions (93.0%, n = 265/N = 285). 26% (n = 80/N = 305) of DAEs involved ampoule misidentification, whilst syringe identification error reported in 51.6% (n = 150/N = 291) of cases. DAEs are often not reported (40.3%, n = 114/N = 283), with knowledge of correct reporting procedures lacking. 70.5% (n = 198/N = 281) of DAEs were never discussed with the patient.ConclusionsDAEs in anaesthesia remain prevalent. Known error traps continue to drive these incidents. Implementation of system based preventative strategies are paramount to guard against human error. Efforts should be made to encourage scrupulous reporting and training of anaesthesia providers, with the aim of rendering them proficient and resilient to handle these events.

A study of the driving factors of the intention and behavioral deviations of rural residents in waste classification

Introduction: The deviation between the stated intentions and actual actions of rural residents regarding waste classification constitutes a significant impediment to the effective implementation of environmental management strategies in rural areas. It is therefore recommended that steps be taken to reduce the deviation between the stated intentions and actual behaviors of rural residents. Doing so will help to reinforce environmental governance in rural communities and provide the necessary support for rural revitalization.Methods: This study establishes an analytical framework for examining the deviation between the internal perceived efficacy and external environmental policies among rural residents. The relationship between intention and behavior can be classified into three distinct scenarios: “intention with behavior,” “intention without behavior,” and “no intention with behavior.” Furthermore, an empirical analysis is conducted using survey data collected by Nanjing Agricultural University in the China Land Economic Survey in June and July 2021.Result: The results show that 1) the perceived efficacy has a significant positive influence on the deviation between the intention and behavior of rural residents in domestic waste classification, while the environmental policy has a significant negative effect on it; 2) the guiding policy has a significant negative moderating effect on the influence of perceived efficacy on the deviation between the intention and behavior of rural residents and the situation of “with intention and without behavior,” while the reward–punishment policy has a significant positive moderating effect on the influence of perceived efficacy on “without intention and behavior;” 3) the perceived efficacy has a masking effect on the impact of environmental policies on the deviation between the intention and behavior or “with intention and without behavior” of rural residents and a partial mediating effect on the impact of the environmental policy on “with intention and behavior” or “without intention and behavior.”Discussion: In consideration of these findings, the study proposes policy recommendations that emphasize the interconnectivity of the government, village collective organizations, and rural residents. The recommendations include the implementation of environmental policies and initiatives designed to enhance rural residents’ awareness of waste classification.

Clinician Insights into Effective Components, Delivery Characteristics, and Implementation Strategies of Ambulatory Palliative Care for People with Heart Failure: A Qualitative Analysis

ObjectivesTo elicit perspectives from specialist palliative care (SPC) and cardiology clinicians on the necessary components, delivery characteristics, and implementation strategies of successful ambulatory SPC for people with heart failure (HF). BackgroundPalliative care is a recommended component of guideline-directed care for people with HF. However, optimal strategies to implement SPC within ambulatory settings are unknown. MethodsWe conducted a qualitative descriptive study comprised of semi-structured interviews with SPC and cardiology clinicians at Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs) with the highest number of ambulatory SPC consultations within the VA system among people with HF from 2021-2022. Clinicians were asked how they provided ambulatory SPC and what they felt were the necessary components, delivery characteristics, and implementation strategies of care delivery. Interviews were analyzed using directed content analysis. ResultsWe interviewed 14 SPC clinicians and 9 cardiology clinicians at seven national VAMCs; 43% were physicians and 48% were advanced practice registered nurses/physician associates. Essential components of ambulatory SPC encompassed discussion of goals of care (e.g., prognosis, advance directives) and connecting patients/caregivers to resources (e.g., homecare). Preferred delivery characteristics included integrated (i.e., embedded) approaches to SPC delivery, standardized patient selection and referral procedures, and formalized procedures for handoffs to and from SPC. Strategies that addressed SPC implementation included deploying palliative champions, educating non-SPC clinicians on the value of ambulatory SPC for people with HF, and developing ambulatory models through leadership support. Conclusions/ImplicationsFacilitating the broader adoption of ambulatory SPC among people with HF may be achieved by prioritizing these mutually valued and necessary features of SPC delivery.

Systemic inequalities in heat risk for greater London

The temperature rise and increases in extreme heat events related to global climate change is a growing public health threat. Populations in temperate climates, including the UK, must urgently adapt to increased hot weather as current infrastructure primarily focuses on resilience to cold. As we adapt, care should be taken to ensure existing health inequalities are reduced. Lessons can be learned from regions that experience warmer climates and applied to adaptation in the UK.We identified known indicators of heat-health risk and explored their distribution across area level income for London. Understanding these indicators and their distributions across populations can support the development of interventions that have the dual aim of improving health and reducing inequalities. An exploratory analysis was conducted for each indicator at neighbourhood level to assess existence of disparities in their distributions across London. A systems-thinking approach was employed to deduce if these amount to systemic inequalities in heat risk, whereby those most exposed to heat are more susceptible and less able to adapt. Using this information, we proposed interventions and made recommendations for their implementation.We find inequalities across indicators relating to exposure, vulnerability, and adaptive capacity. Including inequalities in urban greening and access to greenspace, physical and mental health and access to communication and support. Through a system diagram we demonstrate how these indicators interact and suggest that systemic inequalities in risk exist and will become more evident as exposure increases with rising temperatures, depending on how we adapt. We use this information to identify barriers to the effective implementation of adaptation strategies and make recommendations on the implementation of interventions. This includes effective and wide-reaching communication considering the various channels and accessibility requirements of the population and consideration of all dwelling tenures when implementing policies relating to home improvements in the context of heat.

Harnessing machine learning for predictive maintenance in energy infrastructure: A review of challenges and solutions

Predictive maintenance (PdM) has emerged as a vital strategy for optimizing the reliability and efficiency of energy infrastructure. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the challenges and solutions associated with harnessing machine learning (ML) techniques for predictive maintenance in the energy sector. The adoption of ML algorithms in predictive maintenance holds immense promise for mitigating equipment failures, reducing downtime, and optimizing maintenance schedules. However, several challenges impede the effective implementation of ML-based PdM strategies. These challenges include the need for large and high-quality data sets, the complexity of integrating heterogeneous data sources, and the interpretability of ML models in real-world settings. To address these challenges, we discuss various solutions and best practices. These include data preprocessing techniques to handle noisy and incomplete data, feature engineering methods for extracting meaningful insights, and model interpretability approaches for enhancing trust and understanding of ML predictions. Additionally, we explore the integration of domain knowledge and human expertise into ML algorithms to improve predictive accuracy and relevance. Furthermore, we examine the role of edge computing and distributed ML techniques in enabling real-time predictive maintenance, particularly in remote or resource-constrained environments. We also discuss the importance of regulatory compliance, privacy protection, and ethical considerations in the deployment of ML-based PdM solutions.

Research on Strategies to Enhance Teachers’ Cultural Literacy in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine culture is a treasure of Chinese culture, and its inheritance is crucial for the comprehensive training of teachers in the new era. This article delves into strategies to enhance the cultural literacy of traditional Chinese medicine among teachers from the perspectives of educational science and cultural dissemination. This study analyzes the current situation and teaching impact of traditional Chinese medicine cultural literacy among teachers and proposes strategies such as strengthening basic education, integrating it into training systems, conducting practical activities, and building resource-sharing platforms. These measures aim to enrich teacher knowledge, improve teaching levels, and effectively inherit and promote traditional Chinese medicine culture. At the same time, this article provides specific suggestions for the effective implementation of strategies and references for improving the cultural literacy of teachers in traditional Chinese medicine.

Early Intervention and Cumulative Life Course Impairment in psoriasis: a Review.

Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease affecting the skin, joints, and other organs. Psoriasis negatively affects patients' quality of life, causing social anxiety and negative coping, thus determining a cumulative life course impairment (CLCI). The concept of CLCI in psoriasis is reinforced by the understanding that psoriasis-associated comorbidities and stigma accumulate over a patient's life course, resulting from an interaction between the burden of stigmatization, physical and psychological co-morbidities, coping strategies, and external factors. The concept may help identify more vulnerable patients and facilitate more appropriate treatment decisions or earlier referrals. Although some potential risk factors for CLCI have been clarified, no all-encompassing screening tools are available. Patients at risk for CLCI should be identified by applying clinical, personal and psychosocial indicators and predictors individually. Early intervention in psoriasis treatment could improve long-term patient outcomes and modify the disease course. However, more research is needed to define what constitutes "early" intervention clearly and to identify the most effective strategies for implementation. From a preventive point of view, it is helpful to identify early interventions aimed at reducing the risk of CLCI and establishing a new life course trajectory in patients with psoriasis. This review summarizes the state of the art on CLCI and psoriasis, highlighting knowledge gaps and future directions to make CLCI control a possible goal for therapies.

Causes of Mediastinitis and Its Surgical Treatment

Mediastinitis remains a potentially fatal complication of cardiac surgery. This study reviews the risk factors for mediastinitis after cardiac surgery, and discusses current treatment and prevention of this complication. This review explores three major independent risk factors for mediastinitis including individual patient factors, surgical procedures and microbiology. The perioperative period is influenced by the utilization of the internal mammary artery in conjunction with coronary artery bypass grafting, sternal fixation, vacuum-assisted closure, and negative pressure wound therapy. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are frequently encountered microorganisms. Additionally, aerobic gram-negative microorganisms and other infrequent microorganisms are also exhibiting a rising trend. Since sternal fixation devices effectively enhance sternal stability, alleviate wound pain, and decrease the occurrence of postoperative mediastinitis, they have been specifically incorporated into certain therapeutic and prophylactic approaches for addressing this complication. Despite the heightened awareness regarding mediastinitis, the large proportion of individuals at risk underscores the crucial need for rigorous monitoring of potential risk factors, posing a significant challenge to the implementation of effective therapeutic and preventative strategies.

Distinct computational mechanisms of uncertainty processing explain opposing exploratory behaviors in anxiety and apathy.

Decision-making in uncertain environments often leads to varied outcomes. Understanding how individuals interpret the causes of unexpected feedback is crucial for adaptive behavior and mental well-being. Uncertainty can be broadly categorized into two components: volatility and stochasticity. Volatility is about how quickly conditions change, impacting results. Stochasticity, on the other hand, refers to outcomes affected by random chance or "luck". Understanding these factors enables individuals to have more effective environmental analysis and strategy implementation (explore or exploit) for future decisions. This study investigates how anxiety and apathy, two prevalent affective states, influence the perceptions of uncertainty and exploratory behavior. Participants (N = 1001) completed a restless three-armed bandit task that was analyzed using latent state models. Anxious individuals perceived uncertainty as more volatile, leading to increased exploration and learning rates, especially after reward omission. Conversely, apathetic individuals viewed uncertainty as more stochastic, resulting in decreased exploration and learning rates. The perceived volatility-to-stochasticity ratio mediated the anxiety-exploration relationship post-adverse outcomes. Dimensionality reduction showed exploration and uncertainty estimation to be distinct but related latent factors shaping a manifold of adaptive behavior that is modulated by anxiety and apathy. These findings reveal distinct computational mechanisms for how anxiety and apathy influence decision-making, providing a framework for understanding cognitive and affective processes in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Learning Organization: The Importance of Employee Training and Development

Abstract Organizational learning is a concept in which an organization continuously develops the ability to learn, adapt, and change. In this context, employee training and development plays an important role to ensure that organizations remain competitive and successful in an ever-changing environment. This article discusses the importance of employee training and development in learning organizations, the challenges faced in their implementation, as well as strategies for implementing them effectively. Among the main interests discussed are increased productivity and work performance, employee retention, increased profitability, adaptation to technological changes, the development of internal talents, as well as the formation of a positive organizational culture. However, there are some challenges that need to be addressed, such as cost and resource allocation, difficulty measuring ROI, employee resistance to change, as well as difficulty identifying the right training needs and ensuring the transfer of learning to the workplace. Effective implementation strategies include careful assessment of training needs, appropriate program design, use of technology in training, as well as continuous evaluation and feedback. Top management support, integration with business strategies, and the creation of a learning culture are also essential for successful implementation. Overall, this article emphasizes the importance of employee training and development in ensuring that organizations continue to learn, innovate, and grow in an ever-changing environment

Implementing evidence-based practices to improve primary care for high-risk patients: study protocol for the VA high-RIsk VETerans (RIVET) type III effectiveness-implementation trial

BackgroundPatients with significant multimorbidity and other factors that make healthcare challenging to access and coordinate are at high risk for poor health outcomes. Although most (93%) of Veterans’ Health Administration (VHA) patients at high risk for hospitalization or death (“high-risk Veterans”) are primarily managed by primary care teams, few of these teams have implemented evidence-based practices (EBPs) known to improve outcomes for the high-risk patient population’s complex healthcare issues. Effective implementation strategies could increase adoption of these EBPs in primary care; however, the most effective implementation strategies to increase evidence-based care for high-risk patients are unknown.The high-RIsk VETerans (RIVET) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) will compare two variants of Evidence-Based Quality Improvement (EBQI) strategies to implement two distinct EBPs for high-risk Veterans: individual coaching (EBQI-IC; tailored training with individual implementation sites to meet site-specific needs) versus learning collaborative (EBQI-LC; implementation sites trained in groups to encourage collaboration among sites). One EBP, Comprehensive Assessment and Care Planning (CACP), guides teams in addressing patients’ cognitive, functional, and social needs through a comprehensive care plan. The other EBP, Medication Adherence Assessment (MAA), addresses common challenges to medication adherence using a patient-centered approach.MethodsWe will recruit and randomize 16 sites to either EBQI-IC or EBQI-LC to implement one of the EBPs, chosen by the site. Each site will have a site champion (front-line staff) who will participate in 18 months of EBQI facilitation.AnalysisWe will use a mixed-methods type 3 hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation trial to test EBQI-IC versus EBQI-LC versus usual care using a Concurrent Stepped Wedge design. We will use the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) framework to compare and evaluate Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and costs. We will then assess the maintenance/sustainment and spread of both EBPs in primary care after the 18-month implementation period. Our primary outcome will be Reach, measured by the percentage of eligible high-risk patients who received the EBP.DiscussionOur study will identify which implementation strategy is most effective overall, and under various contexts, accounting for unique barriers, facilitators, EBP characteristics, and adaptations. Ultimately this study will identify ways for primary care clinics and teams to choose implementation strategies that can improve care and outcomes for patients with complex healthcare needs.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05050643. Registered September 9th, 2021, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05050643Protocol versionThis protocol is Version 1.0 which was created on 6/3/2020.

Cloud Adoption in HEIs: A Multi-Theoretical Framework Integrating TOE, TRA, and FVT

This study aims to rigorously explore cloud computing adoption in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) by applying a detailed analytical framework. This integrates the Technology Organization Environment (TOE) Theory, the Theory of Reasoned Action, and the Fit Viability Theory to holistically examine the factors influencing such adoption, and, as such, the research uniquely emphasises the interplay between technological capabilities, organisational readiness, and environmental factors, as well as taking into account the critical aspect of cultural fit within HEIs. By synthesising these theoretical perspectives, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the adoption process, highlighting the nuanced interactions between technology, organisation, and the broader educational environment. This approach facilitates the development of a deeper insight alongside the development of valuable guidance for effective implementation and integration strategies. The findings of this study are thus significant for educational policymakers and administrators, providing a robust framework for them to navigate the complexities of modernising educational infrastructure by applying cloud computing technologies.

Unlocking potential: a qualitative exploration guiding the implementation and evaluation of professional role substitution models in healthcare

BackgroundAs role substitution models gain prominence in healthcare, understanding the factors shaping their effectiveness is paramount. This study aimed to investigate factors that impact the implementation and performance evaluation of professional role substitution models in healthcare, with a focus on understanding the variables that determine their success or failure in adoption, execution, continuity, and outcomes.MethodsThe exploratory qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with key opinion leaders, decision makers, facilitators, recipients, and frontline implementers, who had influence and involvement in the implementation of professional role substitution models. Data analysis was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).ResultsBetween November 2022 and April 2023, 39 stakeholders were interviewed. Factors influencing implementation and evaluation of allied health professional role substitution models of care aligned with the five core CFIR domains (innovation, outer setting, inner setting, individuals, implementation process) and outcome domain incorporating implementation and innovation outcomes. The six themes identified within these CFIR domains were, respectively; i) Examining the dynamics of innovation catalysts, evidence, advantages, and disadvantages; ii) Navigating the complex landscape of external factors that influence implementation and evaluation; iii) Impact of internal structural, political, and cultural contexts; iv) The roles and contributions of individuals in the process; v) Essential phases and strategies for effective implementation; and vi) The assessment of outcomes derived from allied health professional role substitution models.ConclusionsThe study highlights the complex interplay of contextual and individual factors that influence the implementation and performance evaluation of professional role substitution models. It emphasises the need for collaboration among diverse stakeholders to navigate the challenges and leverage the opportunities presented by expanded healthcare roles. Understanding these multifaceted factors can contribute to the development of an empowered workforce and a healthcare system that is more efficient, effective, safe, and sustainable, ultimately benefiting patients.

Comprehensive computerized gait analysis: Barriers to access for children and adolescents

BackgroundComprehensive computerized gait analysis (CGA) alters orthopedic surgical plans and improves outcomes. Despite these documented benefits, CGA is not widely available to all patients who could be helped by it.Research Question: Do social determinants of health impact access to CGA? MethodsRetrospective review of patients seen for CGA from 2021 to 2022. Dates of referral, insurance approval and completion of CGA, demographics and insurance type were extracted from patient records. Zip codes were used to determine the neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES). Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistics. ResultsInsurance type affected time to authorization (private insurance/self-pay: median 9 days; HMO insurance: median 51.5 days; public insurance: median 27 days; p=0.0004). Once authorized, insurance type did not affect time to schedule and complete CGA (p=0.76). Lower neighborhood SES was associated with longer time to authorization but shorter time to complete CGA once authorized. Rescheduling was associated with longer time to complete CGA once authorized (median 29.5 vs. 16 days, p<0.0001). White, non-Hispanic families tended to reschedule more often than non-white or Hispanic families (35 % vs. 18 %, p=0.07). SignificanceKnowledge of barriers to CGA is necessary in order to design and implement effective strategies to widen its availability to all whom it could benefit. Social determinants of health and insurance type are associated with delays in authorization for CGA. Families with public insurance and HMO coverage experience delays in obtaining insurance authorization compared to PPO/self-pay patients, whose tests did not require prior authorization. However, there can also be delays in scheduling and completing CGA once authorized. This is a multi-faceted issue that requires further research.

Factors Associated with Increased Use of Cognitive Aids in Emergency Medical Services

Background: Cognitive aids are an essential aspect of patient care within emergency medical services (EMS). Despite their availability in EMS, these aids are underutilized. Understanding factors associated with increased use of cognitive aids can help guide the development of effective implementation strategies. This study examines the association between the frequency of cognitive aid use in EMS and three factors: the use of these aids into initial education programs, policies mandating their use, and clinicians’ perceptions of cognitive aid usefulness. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional survey examining the use, previous training, policy, and perceived usefulness of 15 selected cognitive aids. The survey was emailed to 136,093 EMS clinicians in six participating states (TX, ME, MI, LA, SC, and AR). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the examined factors. Bivariate analysis was used to examine the relationship between the use of each cognitive aid and previous training with the aid, requirements for use, and perceived usefulness. Results: A total of 2,251 respondents met inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The length-based tape was the most common aid used during initial education programs (n=1724, 77.0%) and to have policy requiring its use during patient care (n=1194, 53.0%). Aids associated with pediatric medication administration were perceived as most useful. Clinicians were more likely to use a specific aid if there was policy requiring its use, if they used the aid during their initial education programs, or if they perceived it to be useful. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that integrating a cognitive aid into EMS initial education programs, having policy requiring its use, and the aid being perceived as useful are all associated with increased use the aid during patient care. These results may provide valuable insights for devising more effective implementation strategies for cognitive aids.

Evaluation of Selective Culling as a Containment Strategy for African Swine Fever at a Vietnamese Sow Farm.

Selective culling, also known as the "tooth extraction approach", is a strategy for controlling African swine fever (ASF) by removing only sick and suspect animals instead of the entire herd in Vietnam. This method prioritizes preserving healthy animals, particularly valuable breeding pigs. Despite its implementation in various forms, no standardized protocol based on scientific principles has been established. Farms typically adapt this strategy based on their understanding, which can vary significantly. In implementing of selective culling that is not based on scientific principles, there is a significant risk of spreading the disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the consequences of selective culling as currently implemented in Vietnam. Our analysis on a large sow farm revealed that current practices rely heavily on clinical observations without laboratory confirmations. This approach allows ASF-infected animals to remain on the farm longer, potentially exacerbating the spread of the virus. Thus, selective culling poses a substantial risk by potentially exacerbating the spread of disease. Our findings emphasize that early diagnosis of ASF and systematic removal of infected pigs are critical components for the effective implementation of selective culling strategies and that a high level of fragmentation to minimize contact between animals plays a key role. The optimal approach is to test conspicuous animals and separate them. Under no circumstances should suspect animals be left in the herd for several days before they become severely ill and succumb to the disease.

Composition and zoogeography of marine-estuarine fish from a lagoon system in a temperate-tropical transition zone of the Eastern Pacific

We present an updated systematic checklist of fishes from the Bahía Magdalena-Almejas lagoon system (Mexico), including notes on taxonomy, zoogeography, and conservation status, supported by field samplings and the critical review of published and online data. The ichthyofauna is composed by 2 classes, 30 orders, 104 families, 240 genera and 416 species, mainly represented by the class Actinopterygii. Zoogeographically, the fishes showed highest affinity to the San Diego (87.2%), Cortez (81.4%) and Mexican (70%) provinces, reflecting the ancient relationship between the Californian and Tropical Eastern Pacific regions and the existence of a transitional zone in the Baja California Peninsula for fish assemblages from boreal-temperate and warm-tropical derivation, standing out the presence of the endemic Paraclinus magdalenae. The 91% of the ichthyofauna is included by the IUCN Red List as Lower Concern, Data Deficient and Not Evaluated, while Holacanthus clarionensis and Hippocampus ingens, are under Special Protection by the Mexican regulation. Ecologically, 233 species are marine-euryhaline and 177 marine-stenohaline, which preferentially inhabit soft (57%) and rocky (27.5%) bottoms; most species are demersal (60%), benthic (25%) and pelagic (14.4%). The updated checklist could improve the design and implementation of effective fishing regulation strategies and conservation programs for fishes inhabiting this coastal ecosystem.

The Revival of Industrial Policies in the EU?

ABSTRACT This article provides an in-depth analysis of the evolution and current state of industrial policies in the European Union (EU) from the 1980s to the present day. We specifically focus on the resurgence of interest in such policies from 2020. We argue that industrial policies in the EU during the second half of the 2020s and into the 2030s will differ significantly from previous decades, while acknowledging challenges in fully understanding their scope and implementation. In particular, it is argued that the lack of a meaningful EU fiscal capacity constitutes the biggest challenge for the design and implementation of effective industrial strategies, which risks exacerbating regional and national disparities in the dual transition.

Benchmarking for healthy food stores: protocol for a randomised controlled trial with remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in Australia to enhance adoption of health-enabling store policy and practice

BackgroundAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in remote Australia have initiated bold policies for health-enabling stores. Benchmarking, a data-driven and facilitated ‘audit and feedback’ with action planning process, provides a potential strategy to strengthen and scale health-enabling best-practice adoption by remote community store directors/owners. We aim to co-design a benchmarking model with five partner organisations and test its effectiveness with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community stores in remote Australia.MethodsStudy design is a pragmatic randomised controlled trial with consenting eligible stores (located in very remote Northern Territory (NT) of Australia, primary grocery store for an Aboriginal community, and serviced by a Nutrition Practitioner with a study partner organisation). The Benchmarking model is informed by research evidence, purpose-built best-practice audit and feedback tools, and co-designed with partner organisation and community representatives. The intervention comprises two full benchmarking cycles (one per year, 2022/23 and 2023/24) of assessment, feedback, action planning and action implementation. Assessment of stores includes i adoption status of 21 evidence-and industry-informed health-enabling policies for remote stores, ii implementation of health-enabling best-practice using a purpose-built Store Scout App, iii price of a standardised healthy diet using the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Healthy Diets ASAP protocol; and, iv healthiness of food purchasing using sales data indicators. Partner organisations feedback reports and co-design action plans with stores. Control stores receive assessments and continue with usual retail practice. All stores provide weekly electronic sales data to assess the primary outcome, change in free sugars (g) to energy (MJ) from all food and drinks purchased, baseline (July-December 2021) vs July-December 2023.DiscussionWe hypothesise that the benchmarking intervention can improve the adoption of health-enabling store policy and practice and reduce sales of unhealthy foods and drinks in remote community stores of Australia. This innovative research with remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities can inform effective implementation strategies for healthy food retail more broadly.Trial registrationACTRN12622000596707, Protocol version 1.