Effective Medium Research Articles

MEDIA PLANNING AS A NECESSARY CONDITION FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF BUSINESS STRUCTURES’ DIGITAL MARKETING ACTIVITIES

The main purpose, presented in this article is to investigate and identify the problematic aspects, key features and factors of effective media planning, a conceptual scheme for creating a digital media plan as an important component of digital marketing in the direction of achieving economic efficiency of business structures.To achieve this goal, in the article, the methods of systematization and generalization, scientific abstraction, and analytical analysis have been used. To highlight the financial component of the implementation of the media plan, the methods of the system approach, system analysis and the method of logical-mathematical formalization were used for the purpose of research and study of objects by displaying the content and structure of media planning in a calculated form.The key role of media planning in digital marketing activity is defined and substantiated as an important component for comprehensive financial planning of an advertising campaign, effective financial analytics for obtaining effective results of business structures’ activity.Based on taking into account structural market transformations in the conditions of informatization and intellectualization of society, the nature of the relationship between economic indicators and the corresponding goals of business structures was determined, which proved the need to include the defined marketing and general business performance goals in the digital media plan. In the direction of achieving high-performance indicators of marketing activities, the article developed a conceptual scheme for creating an effective digital media plan.It is determined that the economic efficiency of marketing project development and implementation will depend on real-time analytics and forecasting, autonomous campaigns and the development of artificial intelligence. It is proved that in a digital media plan, stakeholders, which are representatives of the business structure or with external partners, play a key role in contributing in order to achieve the highest level of business structures’ economic efficiency.

EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DI ERA DIGITAL DI SEKOLAH SMK N 1 PERCUT SEI TUAN

The use of learning media in the digital era opens wide doors for global education access. With technology, learning can be tailored to individual learning styles, increasing engagement and providing a wider variety of resources. This creates a learning environment that is dynamic and responsive to student development. This article aims to broaden the insight of prospective educators so they can choose which learning media are effective to use in this digital era. The research method used by the researchers is a descriptive qualitative method by conducting interviews and document studies. Effective learning media is a means of exchanging information between educators and students so that students can absorb lessons that are communicated clearly and concisely, thereby improving learning outcomes. Choosing the right media is one of the key factors for success in planning and implementing lessons. Effective use of learning media can increase student interaction during the learning process. Apart from that, students are happy with this educational media because it can maximize the quality of their learning outcomes

Evaluation of modulus of elasticity of concrete containing both natural and recycled concrete aggregates

There is growing requirement to use recycled aggregate in concrete to demote industrial wastes produced by construction sectors. Thus, to develop simple but meaningful formulations to assess the mechanical properties of concrete, when it is mixed with both natural and recycled aggregates, becomes essential. In the present study an analytical approach to calculate the elastic modulus of concrete containing both natural and recycled concrete aggregates is proposed. The approach is developed on the concept of effective medium approximation but considering the effect of Poisson's ratio. Two analytical formulas are derived. One is for the two-phase concrete (mortar and aggregate) that is mixed with 100% natural aggregate or 100% recycled concrete aggregate. The other is for the three-phase concrete (mortar, natural aggregate, and recycled concrete aggregate) that is mixed with both natural and recycled aggregates. The analytical formulations are validated using the results obtained from both the numerical simulations and experimental tests. The present analytical model not only provides the simple and meaningful formulations to calculate the effective elastic modulus but also can be used to directly examine the influence of mortar, natural aggregate, recycled concrete aggregate and its replacement ratio to natural aggregate on the elastic modulus of the mixed concrete.

Learning the Kitab 'Uqu̅dullujain with the Zoom Application

The high divorce rate in East Java, especially in Jember, requires a study of science that can mitigate divorce in the household. This research, which was carried out at the Al-Khozini Student Dormitory, aims to determine the objectives, materials, methods and media used in studying the book 'Uqu̅dullujain using the Zoom application among students in Kaliwates Jember. This article uses a qualitative research approach with a case study type of research. The collection technique uses structured interviews, non-participatory observation, and documentation. There are two types of data validity in this research, namely source triangulation and technical triangulation. Data analysis in the research used the Milles and Huberman model. 'Uqu̅dullujain's research learning with Zoom at the Al-Khozini Kaliwates School in Jember revealed harmony with Islamic boarding school regulations, emphasis on marital obligations. Overall, this research highlights effective methods and media for conveying important knowledge about marital responsibilities. These findings reflect Hamzah B. Uno's cognitive domain theory for establishing goals and Reigeluth's categorization for cognitive material. The method (bandongan and lecture) is in line with Akhiruddin and Zainal Aqib's theory, while the use of media (books, notes, Zoom) is in accordance with Hujair AH Sanaky's classification.

FACTORS EFFECTING JOB SATISFACTION FOR ONLINE EDUCATION AMONG LECTURERS IN BANGLADESH

The global pandemic caused by Covid-19 infectious disease during the year 2020 has pierced the life of humankind in almost all countries and all members of the society. This pandemic issue limits one to cope with a changing work environment and it induces both structural and functional consequences on the education system. Thus, the online education system emerged and repositioned itself as one of the most effective mediums of education system recently. This study examined decision factors such as happiness, quality of work-life commitment and attitude toward online education and its influence on job satisfaction of academic staffs in Bangladesh. A quantitative research approach has been taken using a random sampling method to collect data from 293 lecturers working in colleges and universities in the metropolitan city of Dhaka. For the study, Exploratory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling techniques were performed. The findings helped in filling the satisfaction-behavioural gap in understanding attitude measures of academic staffs toward conducting courses in online mode.

Hybrid micromechanical modelling and experiments on temperature-dependent thermal conductivity of graphene reinforced porous cement composites

Dispersing graphene and its derivatives into traditional cement matrix to develop high-performance and multifunctional construction materials has attracted great attention. Pores and temperature are evidenced to have significant effects on the thermal properties of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) reinforced cement composites (GNPRCCs). Accurate prediction of the thermal property of the GNPRCCs with considering pores and temperature is crucial for their engineering application. In this work, the GNPRCCs samples with different GNPs volume fractions are prepared, characterized, and tested for their thermal conductivity. A hybrid micromechanical model (HMM), employing effective medium theory (EMT) with Mori-Tanaka (MT) approach is developed for the thermal conductivity of the porous GNPRCCs. Particularly, a phonon physical model is incorporated into the model to capture the temperature-dependency of the thermal conductivity. The model is validated by comparing present results with experimental data. The obtained results show that the thermal conductivity of the GNPRCCs with 1 wt% GNPs decreases by 19.79% as the temperature increases from 300 K to 350 K. The increase in porosity results in the blockage of phonon heat transport and the decrease in the thermal conductivity of the GNPRCCs. It is observed that the thermal conductivity of GNPRCCs with 1 wt% GNPs decreases by 14.78% as the porosity increases by 10%. Spherical pores are found to be more favorable for heat flow transport and enhancement of the thermal conductivity. In contrast, the needle-like GNPs with larger size promote the formation of heat transport network and enhance the thermal conductivity of the samples more effectively. For example, the thermal conductivity of the GNPRCCs with 1 wt% GNPs increases by 20.75% as the size of the GNPs increases from 15 μm to 30 μm. The developed model for the thermal conductivity of the cement composites is envisaged to provide useful guidelines for their potential engineering applications in snow melting, de-icing and geothermal structures.

Phytophthora infestans Culture Media: A Comparative Study of Cost-Effective V8 Agar and Rye Agar

Phytophthora infestans is a pathogen that causes late blight in crops, such as potatoes and tomatoes, posing a serious threat to the Solanaceae family. Researchers have attempted to create an affordable and effective medium for isolating and cultivating this pathogen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-cost V-8 agar for mycelial growth, sporangia production, and oospore production of P. infestans and compare it with Rye A medium. To achieve this, V-8 medium was modified by replacing V-8 juice with tomato. Mycelial growth and sporulation were measured on both media after 14 days of inoculation. It was observed as a white, fluffy growth in both media. The mean radial growth was larger on the low-cost V-8 medium (76 mm) than on Rye A medium (4.4 mm). The lemon-shaped sporangia with a semipapilated structure were recorded with an average length-to-width ratio of 28.6 μm to 30.6 μm, respectively. Oospore production was greater in the low-cost V-8 medium (5x104) than in Rye A medium (1x104). The present study demonstrated that low-cost, locally available materials such as tomato can be used as an alternative nutrient medium for the growth of P. infestans.

Deep Dive into the factors influencing acoustic velocity in the Dalan-Kangan formations, the central Persian Gulf

The propagation of acoustic waves in rocks is directly influenced by the rocks’ elastic properties. To evaluate petrophysical properties from acoustic data, it is essential to understand the factors that influence the variations in acoustic velocity of sedimentary rocks. Carbonate reservoirs are heterogeneous, and their evaluation is complicated. A closer look at the factors affecting the elastic properties of these rocks is essential because they reveal important information about the reservoir properties and their formation evaluation. Rock physics modeling relies on laboratory-measured acoustic data. This study, however, employs acoustic logs to elucidate the key factors influencing sonic velocity, offering a more comprehensive and field-applicable perspective. Samples were prepared from the Permian–Triassic Upper Dalan and Kangan formations. Porosity, permeability, sedimentary textures, mineralogy, and pore types were investigated. Furthermore, compressional, shear, and Stoneley well-logs data were recorded and converted to acoustic velocity in the sampled interval. Porosity-velocity modeling based on the differential effective medium (DEM) theory was performed for different values of equivalent pore aspect ratio (EPAR). The results show that there is a strong inverse relationship between acoustic velocities and porosity. Acoustic velocities also exhibit an inverse correlation with permeability, but the strength of these relationships is relatively weak. Acoustic velocities are not affected by carbonate textures. A specific texture may exhibit different velocities due to the influence of diagenetic processes. Mineralogy has only a minor influence on acoustic velocities. Dolostones have a slightly higher velocity than limestones, but the difference is insignificant. Stoneley log values are slightly different in limestone and dolostone, because this wave propagates along the mud-borehole interface. The velocities were affected by the variations in pore types within the studied formations. Therefore, in carbonate rocks, porosity, and the pore types play a significant role in controlling acoustic velocities. The value of EPAR = 0.15 can be considered as the boundary between stiff pores (moldic and vuggy) and soft pores (interparticle, intercrystalline, micro-intercrystalline, and microporosity). The lower EPAR value of interparticle pores in limestones compared to dolostones can be attributed to diagenetic processes such as dolomitization and compaction. The findings of this study can help to better understand what factors affect acoustic velocity in carbonate rocks. This study also shows that acoustic logs data can be effectively used in rock physics modeling and pore type identification. By identifying the pore types, it is possible to recognize diagenetic processes and determine the rock types to control the heterogeneity and estimate reservoir quality.

Measurement of the Optical Constants of Sand Samples Using Ellipsometry on Sand-Adhesive Composites.

In order to model the propagation of light through a sand cloud, it is critical to have accurate data for the optical constants of the sand particles that comprise it. The same holds true for modeling propagation through particles of any type suspended in a medium. Few methods exist, however, to measure these quantities with high accuracy. In this paper, a characterization method based on spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) that can be applied to a particulate material is presented. In this method, a polished disc of an adhesive compound is prepared, and its optical constants are measured. Next, a mixture of the adhesive and a sand sample is prepared and processed into a polished disc, and SE is performed. By treating the mixture as a Bruggeman effective medium, the optical constants of the particulate material are extracted. For verification of the proposed method, it is first applied to pure silica powder, demonstrating good agreement between measured optical constants and literature values. It is then applied to Arizona road dust, a standard reference material, as well as real desert sand samples. The resulting optical constant data is input into a rigorous scattering model to predict extinction coefficients for various types of sand. Modeling results are compared to spectroscopic measurements on static sand samples, demonstrating good agreement between predicted and measured spectral properties including the presence of a Christiansen feature near a wavelength of 8 µm.

Implementation of TikTok as Medium for Learning of English Vocabulary: The Perspective of Department English Education Students

This research aims to examine students' perspectives on implementing the TikTok application as a medium for learning English in the modern era. Especially with the latest technological advances, in the post-pandemic COVID-19 social media can be used as a learning media such as YouTube, Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, and TikTok applications. TikTok can help students improve their English language proficiency, as well as what problems and difficulties arise when using the application as a vocabulary teaching tool and what difficulties students may encounter when using TikTok to learn new vocabulary. This research uses a qualitative design with a survey method where students fill out an online questionnaire using Google Forms and interviews. Questionnaires were given to students, and then students were interviewed. The participants were 30 students who took part in the English language learning program. The research results show that the students had a positive response to the use of TikTok in learning English vocabulary. TikTok ease of use and various functions, the TikTok application can be applied to learning activities to increase English vocabulary. This interactive learning media can provide much educational content about English vocabulary and make the learning process more efficient and effective for students. The implementation of This research makes it possible for educators. Content creator educators can easily create a learning process that attracts students' attention. It has been known that the TikTok application is efficient in increasing English vocabulary for students. Through the TikTok application, students can gain more vocabulary and continue to have fun learning by presenting information through interesting content, audio and visuals. Teachers can also process and develop various sources of interactive, interesting and unique TikTok content. So that it makes students interested in learning English and considers TikTok to be an effective medium for learning.

Design of Split AC-Based Central Equipment as a Learning Media Tool in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering Courses

Education is a humanistic process, and its implementation increases students’ competence in higher education. The emphasis on increasing competence is explained through the performance of the Kurikulum Merdeka (Independent Curriculum). This research highlights the need for effective learning media, especially in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering courses, which include an understanding of Air Conditioning Systems (ACS). This course curriculum aims to provide a sense of Air Conditioning (AC), including Central AC. However, a lack of learning media in the laboratory requires cadets to visit the nearest airport for practicum. This research aims to design an innovation in creating central equipment learning media designs based on Split AC. This quantitative research method was conducted, with data collection through observation, literature study, questionnaires, and Likert scale analysis. The author determined the population of the Airport Engineering Technology Study Program cadets at the 3rd Batch of the Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang, totaling 22 cadets. This research uses purposive judgment sampling or sampling with purpose or consideration because cadets are considered to understand the problem to be studied. The questionnaire results showed a high need for learning media development, with a mark of 82.3%. Therefore, developing this learning medium is needed to increase cadets’ understanding and competence in refrigeration and air conditioning engineering courses.

Examining the Uses of Social Media for Cultural Tourism by Desi North East Indians

This paper is a study about the penetration of the tourism market through the power of social media from the north east region of India. Gone are those days when money was pumped into expensive advertisement. Social media empowers all equally at the same time even in the covid climate. It distributes power to anyone who has something interesting and unique to offer in the world of instant pleasure. To reap the full benefits of social media different online platforms as Facebook, Instagram, travel blogs, lifestyle sites will be analyzed. It will be a study to analyse what do the other communities look forward while travelling to the north east part of India and how the local indigenous community are promoting their USP on the online platform. It intends to take a closer look in the cost effective ways various social media platforms are cruising its way inside the online platform targeting both its national and international customers.

Sonic Sleight of Hand: Sound Induces Illusory Distortions in the Perception and Prediction of Robot Action

AbstractFor efficient human–robot interaction, human operators need to be able to efficiently represent the robot’s movements in space and predict its next steps. However, according to frameworks of Bayesian multisensory integration, features outside the motion itself—like the sounds a robot makes while it moves—should affect how otherwise identical motions are perceived. Here, we translate an established psychophysical task from experimental psychology to a human–robot interaction context, which can measure these distortions to motion perception. In two series of preregistered studies, participants watched a humanoid robot make forward and backward reaching movements. When the robot hand suddenly disappeared, they reported its last seen location, either with the mouse cursor (Experiment 1a and 1b) or by matching it to probe stimuli in different locations (Experiment 2a and 2b). The results revealed that even small changes to the robot’s sound robustly affect participants’ visuospatial representation of its motions, so that the motion appeared to extend further in space when accompanied by slightly (100 ms) longer sounds compared to slightly shorter sounds (100 ms shorter). Moreover, these sound changes do not only affect where people currently locate the robot’s motion, but where they anticipate its future steps. These findings show that sound design is an effective medium for manipulating how people represent otherwise identical robot actions and coordinate its interactions with it. The study acts as proof of concept that psychophysical tasks provide a promising tool to measure how design parameters influence the perception and prediction of robot motion.

Regime Map of the Effective Medium Approximation Modelling of Micro-Rough Surfaces in Ellipsometry.

In this work, we discuss the precision of the effective medium approximation (EMA) model in the data analysis of spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) for solid materials with micro-rough surfaces by drawing the regime map. The SE parameters ψ (amplitude ratio) and Δ (phase difference) of the EMA model were solved by rigorous coupled-wave analysis. The electromagnetic response of the actual surfaces with micro roughness was simulated by the finite-difference time-domain method, which was validated by the experimental results. The regime maps associated with the SE parameters and optical constants n (refractive index) and k (extinction coefficient) of the EMA model were drawn by a comparison of the actual values with the model values. We find that using EMA to model micro-rough surfaces with high absorption can result in a higher precision of the amplitude ratio and extinction coefficient. The precisions of ψ, Δ, n and k increase as the relative roughness σ/λ (σ: the root mean square roughness, λ: the incident wavelength) decreases. The precision of ψ has an influence on the precision of k and the precision of Δ affects the precision of n. Changing σ alone has little effect on the regime maps of the relative errors of SE parameters and optical constants. A superior advantage of drawing the regime map is that it enables the clear determination as to whether EMA is able to model the rough surfaces or not.

Planar 16-band metasurface-enhanced spectral filter for integrated image sensing

We study theoretically and demonstrate experimentally a 16-band narrow band wavelength selective filter in the near-infrared range. The combination of a pair of distributed Bragg reflectors with a sub-wavelength grating metasurface embedded in the intra-cavity provides a narrow response which can be tuned by adjusting the geometry of the sub-wavelength grating metasurface. The key advantage of this approach is its ease of fabrication, where the spectral response is tuned by merely changing the grating period, resulting in a perfectly planar geometry that can be easily integrated with a broad variety of photodetectors, thus enabling attractive applications such as bio-imaging, time-of-flight sensors and LiDAR. The experimental results are supported by numerical simulations and effective medium theory that unveil the mechanisms that lead to the optical response of the device. It is also shown how the polarization dependence of the structure can be used to determine very accurately the polarization of incoming light.

Acceptability and feasibility of virtual reality to promote health literacy in primary care from the health professional’s view: A qualitative study

ObjectiveThe development of health literacy is important in the management of chronic pain and virtual reality may be an effective medium for its development. This study aims to understand the usability and acceptability of a virtual reality-based pain education system for the facilitation of health literacy. MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with health professionals who had used a VR-based pain education system within their clinical practice, to explore perceptions of feasibility. Data collection and analyses were informed by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and the Integrated Model of Health Literacy. ResultsFrom 10 participants, the VR-based system was considered feasible in providing immersive experiential learning which addressed patient understanding and health-related communication. ConclusionVR appears to be perceived as an acceptable and feasible technology to support the development of health literacy in people with chronic pain. Its largest perceived benefit was its capacity to provide an immersive and entertaining alternative to conventional methods of pain education. Practice implicationsVirtual reality is considered as a feasible method of facilitating patient understanding and health-related communication related to chronic pain. Feasibility of such a tool relies clinically on time available, social expectations of VR, and the role of immersive and experiential learning within the management of chronic pain.

Modeling and solving for vibration and buckling of circular functionally graded dielectric plates reinforced by graphene platelets considering complex conditions

The vibration and bucking behaviors of circular functionally graded (FG) dielectric plates reinforced by graphene platelets (GPL) under external electric fields are studied at the presence of many complex factors such as dielectric effect, pre-stress, gradient slope, imperfect bonding between GPL and matrix material, interface electron tunneling and Maxwell–Wagner-Sillars (MWS) polarization. Based on the effective medium theory and linear rule of mixtures, material properties of the GPL reinforced composites (GPLRC) are calculated. Dynamic differential equations of the circular FG-GPLRC dielectric plates are numerically solved by the differential quadrature method, and natural frequencies and critical loads are obtained. Trans-scale analyses for the influences of the volume fraction, geometric size, gradient distributed pattern and gradient slope on the percolation threshold, permittivity and the vibration or buckling characteristics are provided. Furthermore, variations of the natural frequencies and critical loads with electric field parameters, the pre-stress and thickness of the interphase layer are also discussed. Results show that the natural frequencies and critical loads of the plates can be changed artificially and effectively by adjusting the external electric field, pre-stress and the parameters of GPL. The larger the diameter to thickness ratio of GPL, the bigger the equivalent permittivity and the smaller the percolation threshold. When the volume fractions of GPL are less than the threshold, the mechanical properties dominate the vibration and buckling. However, when the volume fractions are bigger than the threshold, the electrical properties have significant influences. Therefore, higher macro mechanical properties can be obtained by changing the microstructure of the materials.

Absorption Activity Investigation of Saturable Absorber for Dual Wavelengths in Laser Passive Q-Switching System

Objective: The absorption activity of saturable absorber material (Cr+4: YAG) for dual wavelengths (1.064 μm and 0.946 μm), simultaneously generated in same passive Q-switching system, has been investigated. Methods: This study utilized the mathematical model that was used in our previous study. Rung-Kutta—Fehelberge numerical method has been used to solve this mathematical model. Nd+3: YAG used as an effective medium and Cr+4: YAG used as a saturable absorber in the laser passive Q-switching optical system. Finding: When the population density of saturable absorber increases, the steady state of photons losses occurs at advancement time and the absorption activity reaches to optical bleaching state at advancement time also (it is occurring approximately at time 35 ns from the beginning of the time of pulse construction when the , while at , approximately at time 47 ns). Novelty: The absorption activity of saturable absorber material for a single wavelength of photons oscillating inside the passive Q-switch laser system received attention by some studies. This study verifies or investigates from the behavior of absorption activity of saturable absorber material when encounters photons with two wavelengths oscillating simultaneously inside the laser cavity in order to obtain high power of the pulses. Keywords: Laser, Passive Q­switching, laser, Dual wavelengths laser, Solid state lasers

Acoustic monitoring of compaction in cohesive granular materials.

We study the transition from cohesive to noncohesive states of cemented granular materials (synthetic rocks) under oedometric loading, combining simultaneous measurements of ultrasound velocity and acoustic emission (AE: microseosmicity). Our samples are agglomerates made of glass beads bonded with a few percent of cement, either ductile or brittle. These cemented granular samples exhibit an inelastic compaction beyond certain axial stresses likely due to the formation of compaction bands, which is accompanied by a significant decrease of compressional wave velocity. Upon subsequent cyclic unloading-reloading with constant consolidation stress, we found the mechanical and acoustic responses like those in noncohesive granular materials, which can be interpreted within the effective medium theory based on the Digby's bonding model. Moreover, this model allows P-wave velocity measured at vanishing pressure to be interpreted as an indicator of the debonding on the scale of grain contact. During the inelastic compaction, stick-slip-like stress drops were observed in brittle cement-bonded granular samples accompanied by the instantaneous decrease of the P-wave velocity and AEs which display an Omori-like law for foreshocks, i.e., precursors. By contrast, mechanical responses of ductile cement-bonded granular samples are smooth (without visible stick-slip-like stress drops) and mostly aseismic. By applying a cyclic loading-unloading with increasing consolidation stress, we observed a Kaiser-like memory effect in the brittle cement-bonded sample in the weakly damaged state which tends to disappear when the bonds are mostly broken in the noncohesive granular state after large-amplitude loading. In this paper, we show that the macroscopic ductile and brittle behavior of cemented granular media is controlled by the local processes on the scale of the bonds between grains.

Coproduction of inulinase and invertase by Galactomyces geotrichum in whey-based medium and evaluation of additional nutrients

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the suitability of whey as an effective medium for the coproduction of inulinase and invertase by an oleaginous yeast Galactomyces geotrichum and to investigate the effects of some additional carbon and nitrogen sources. The nutritional factors and composition of the medium have a great impact on the production pathways of microbial enzymes. To deepen the research, a Taguchi design was employed to quickly scan the best conditions. First, the cheese whey was partly deproteinized and investigated as the sole medium for the yeast. The next step was performed to study the effects of inulin, sucrose and lactose as carbon sources and ammonium sulfate, yeast extract and casein as nitrogen sources. All analyses (Taguchi and ANOVA) were performed using Minitab software. Whey-based medium without any additional carbon and nitrogen sources gave inulinase and invertase activities as 54.6 U/mL and 47.4 U/mL, respectively. Maximum inulinase activity was obtained as 77.9 U/mL using inulin as the carbon source without any nitrogen source. The highest I/S ratio was found as 2.08. On the other hand, the highest invertase activity was carried out as 50.85 U/mL in whey-based medium using lactose as carbon source without any additional nitrogen source. This is the first report about partly deproteinized whey-based medium utilization for simultaneous inulinase and invertase production by G. geotrichum TS-61. Moreover, the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources were investigated in detail.