Effective Information Delivery Research Articles

Visualizing and exploring POI configurations of urban regions on POI-type semantic space

POI configuration of a region indicates a combination of POI counts on various types inside the region. Exploring POI configurations of urban regions facilitates to understand their functionalities, vibrancy, and developments. However, current studies and applications mainly make statistics toward POI counts on various types separately, neglecting the implicit semantic relations between different types and failing to uncover POI-configuration patterns intuitively. This study proposes a novel framework for visualizing and exploring POIs on POI-type semantic space, with semantic relations of the types being considered. Firstly, using a word-embedding technique (i.e., Word2Vec), the embeddings of POI types are learned from their neighborships on geographic space. Secondly, using a dimension-reduction technique (i.e., t-SNE), all POI-type embeddings are mapped onto 2-dimensional semantic space, where related or similar types would be nearer to each other. Finally, taking the POI-type semantic space as a “base map”, POI configuration of each region is rendered as a “thematic map” by POI counts on various types, which can help intuitively understand and conveniently compare urban regions. The proposed framework can be applied to any urban region and any POI data source, which provides an effective information delivery method for urban planning and POI related urban studies and applications.

1066. Antimicrobial Stewardship Program: Audit and Feedback for Continued Improvement

BackgroundAudit and feedback is a foundational approach used by antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) and has been our primary method for ASP intervention for over 7 years. We sought to evaluate and improve our ASP methods as well as identify barriers to effective antimicrobial management.MethodsWe distributed an online survey at our institution, to clinicians (prescribers and pharmacists). Results compared their perceptions of the ASP and barriers to antimicrobial stewardship. Descriptive statistics include counts and percentages for categorical variables. Fisher’s exact test was performed to describe the comparison groups for each survey response. We reviewed survey comments and categorized according to themes.ResultsWe distributed the survey to 459 clinicians over 4 months with 110 surveys completed for a response rate of 24%. Prescribers comprised 77.3% of respondents. 74.5% of clinicians reported that antibiotic overuse is a problem at our institution. Prescribers were more likely to agree that conflicting priorities to core measures was a barrier to stewardship as well as disagree with current guidelines (P < 0.05) compared with pharmacists. Figure 1 demonstrates other barriers. Prescribers found ASP more helpful than pharmacists in antimicrobial dose adjustments (P < 0.05). Figure 2 demonstrates other scenarios where ASP provided input with varying degrees of perceived helpfulness. Pharmacists used the ASP website more than prescribers (P < 0.05). Text message and phone call were preferred methods of contact with prescribers favoring messages and pharmacists favoring phone calls. Clinicians infrequently used order-sets; Figure 3 demonstrates reasons for lack of use. 17.2% of participants commented about the ASP; of these, 42% were positive and 32% contained suggestions to improve communication and education. Comments are summarized in Figure 4.ConclusionOverall, clinicians agree that antimicrobial overuse is a concern at our institution. ASP is generally well received; however, after 7 years of operation, this survey shows that continued improvement is needed, notably in communication, education, and EMR order-sets. Results will be used to refine methods of effective communication and information delivery to nurture an effective relationship. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Utilization of ICT Tools by the Extension Personnel for Effective Delivery of Farm Information

In India about 760 millions of farmers are engaged in agriculture. According to an estimate more than 60 per cent of the farmers have no access to any source of modern agriculture information. Reaching to these unreached farmers is a great big challenge before the extension system. Now times 21st century declared to be the age of information and communication technology. This is the time when more people everywhere are involved in acquiring new knowledge and skills. The need of ICT interventions are felt need of the hour in agriculture. Thus, it can be said that the twenty first century, it is necessary to use advanced communication media for rural and agricultural development in its proper perspective of message dissemination and feedback along with people’s participation and contribution so as to meet the felt needs of people living under diverse socio-economic conditions and here an extension agent should act as a catalyst for transfer of farm technologies. Hence, a present study was taken to assess the utilization pattern of ICT tools among extension personnel. The present study was conducted in Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu. The 120 extension personnel working in the state department of agriculture were selected as sample for the study by simple random sampling method. The Data were collected through well structured questionnaire. Careful analysis, tabulation and classification of data were done. Mean, frequency, percentage were employed for the interpretation of results. The results showed that majority (70.83 per cent) of the extension personnel were utilized the internet / web services for gaining knowledge followed by (41.67 per cent) of the extension personnel were utilized agriportals for transfer of technology.

Utilization of ICT Tools by the Extension Personnel for Effective Delivery of Farm Information

In India about 760 millions of farmers are engaged in agriculture. According to an estimate more than 60 per cent of the farmers have no access to any source of modern agriculture information. Reaching to these unreached farmers is a great big challenge before the extension system. Now times 21st century declared to be the age of information and communication technology. This is the time when more people everywhere are involved in acquiring new knowledge and skills. The need of ICT interventions are felt need of the hour in agriculture. Thus, it can be said that the twenty first century, it is necessary to use advanced communication media for rural and agricultural development in its proper perspective of message dissemination and feedback along with people’s participation and contribution so as to meet the felt needs of people living under diverse socio-economic conditions and here an extension agent should act as a catalyst for transfer of farm technologies. Hence, a present study was taken to assess the utilization pattern of ICT tools among extension personnel. The present study was conducted in Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu. The 120 extension personnel working in the state department of agriculture were selected as sample for the study by simple random sampling method. The Data were collected through well structured questionnaire. Careful analysis, tabulation and classification of data were done. Mean, frequency, percentage were employed for the interpretation of results. The results showed that majority (70.83 per cent) of the extension personnel were utilized the internet / web services for gaining knowledge followed by (41.67 per cent) of the extension personnel were utilized agriportals for transfer of technology

Proposal and Model for Designing a Cybrary - With Reference to Fr. Moseslibrary, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kerala

Subject gateways are becoming one of the most commonly used media for effective and efficient delivery of information as it not only offers information about library resources and services, but also provides all the open access resources such as electronic books, electronic journals, online databases, online dictionary, encyclopedia, bibliography, software, etc. The Cybrary – Open Access Subject gateway proposal brings together all open access e-resources at one place so that the students, research scholars and faculty members may make optimum use of them. The building of a strong subject gateway for Library is needed in the present scenario as a tool which is useful for all users.

Investigation of Tactile Sensory System Configuration for Construction Hazard Perception.

The application of tactile-based wearable devices to assist in navigation for people with low sight/low memory has demonstrated the feasibility of using such devices as a means of communication. Accordingly, a previous study in construction research investigated various parameters of tactile signals to develop a communicable system for potential application in construction hazard communication. However, the nature of construction limits the application of such devices to the body of construction workers, and it is important to understand sensor design parameters for improved communication, which has not been given significant attention yet. Therefore, this study aims to determine key design factors such as the number of motors, spacing between sensors and the layout of a tactile sensory system to be used for communicating construction hazards to workers. For this purpose, this study focused on identifying the number of motors based on extensive literature and the problem of construction safety as to hazard communication, determining the arrangement that allowed for effective delivery and perception of information with minimum effort. The researchers conducted two experimental studies: First, to determine the minimum spacing between vibration motors that allows for the identification of each individual motor with high accuracy; and second, to determine the layout of motors that is suitable for effective communication of multiple types of information. More importantly, the tactile-sensor configuration identified from this study allows the workers to learn the signal patterns easily in order to identify multiple types of information related to hazards. Using such a communication system on construction sites will assist in transmitting hazard-related information to workers, and thus, protect the lives of workers. Such wearable technologies enable the detection of individual-level hazards and prevent worker fatalities and severe injuries.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Medicine in Practice

The dissemination of evidence-based information into medical practice is essential to provide patients with optimal care and realize society's substantial investments in medical research. Effective information delivery and treatment utilization may lead to improvements in patient outcome, reductions in cost, and an overall lower burden on the health-care system. This study examines the dissemination of medical evidence following a first-time anterior shoulder dislocation (FTASD) and assesses the impact of potential dissemination strategies. The state of evidence dissemination into clinical practice for FTASD was evaluated with use of the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. The treatment pathway for patients with FTASDs was mapped and evaluated using data that were collected through an orthopaedic shoulder-specialist survey and with review of a claims database. A total of 1,755 patients with an FTASD were identified through a national claims database; 50% of patients followed up with a care provider within 30 days after an emergency department (ED) or urgent care visit. Based on shoulder-specialist survey data, physician estimates of the risk of redislocation within a 2-year window aligned with medical evidence 59% of the time. Only 29% of patients obtained information for FTASD that aligns with high-level medical evidence. There are gaps and deficiencies in the dissemination and application of evidence in the treatment of FTASDs. Specifically, patients have limited exposure to health-care encounters where appropriate information related to low rates of follow-up following ED or urgent care visits may be communicated. Evaluating the current state of practice and identifying areas of improvement for the dissemination of evidence regarding FTASDs can be achieved through application of the RE-AIM framework. Greater consideration and resourcing of dissemination and implementation strategies may improve the dissemination and the impact of existing medical evidence.

NORTH AMERICAN PRIMARY CARE RESEARCH GROUP POSITION STATEMENT ON ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD INFORMATION BLOCKING

Information exchange is critical to ensuring that patients receive the right care, at the right place, and at the right time. Increasingly, this communication depends on the secure, effective, and efficient delivery of information elctronically.[1][1] To ensure health information technology (HIT)

Methodology of information support of industrial enterprise management processes.

In article the research of components and purposes of the information management system (MIS) is conducted. Its main objective is to provide analytical information to the management of the enterprise for further development of strategy. The analysis of types and a components of such information systems as processing of transactions, support of decision-making, executive information systems, management of information has been done. For effective delivery of information, information management systems have to have necessary components for collecting, processing, storage and obtaining information. Use the following four components: information system, database management system, system of investigation and system of researches. The main objectives of IMS is obtaining information by heads of structural divisions, data collection, assistance to cooperation in a workplace, forecasting of a condition of the company in the short-term and long term by implementation of possible scenarios, the analysis of implementation of concrete decisions in the company. Use fully of opportunities of information systems allows to develop management decisions more effectively that allows to reach full potential, thus to get competitive advantage. Methods of development of the information management system by the enterprise generally include a method of the structured life cycle, a method of a prototype and an object-oriented method. In practical application an optimum method of development is the choice to specific conditions of the information management system at the industrial enterprises. Selection criteria are the scale, degree of complexity and tools of development. The use of an information management system allows the development in fierce competition.

Haptic Enchanters: Attachable and Detachable Vibrotactile Modules and Their Advantages.

This paper showcases attachable/detachable haptic modules, nicknamed haptic enchanters, by presenting their conceptual prototypes and quantifying their information transmission capacity. Haptic enchanters can be attached to ordinary devices and wearables to endow them with the ability of creating programmable haptic stimuli, thereby transforming them to effective haptic communication devices. In particular, our prototype enchanters are designed to localize vibrotactile stimulation to the neighborhood of attachment site, and this spatial isolation allows for effective spatiotemporal information delivery using multiple enchanters. We demonstrate that haptic enchanters enable very high capacity of information transfer (4.55-7.06 bits) for spatiotemporal vibration sequences rendered with two, three, and four enchanters. We also assert that haptic enchanters provide better user experiences by using location-enabled feedback in a game application than the whole-device feedback. These results instantiate the performance of haptic enchanters as effective and convenient communication accessories and their potential for applications.

“I Have a Tear Down There?”: Implementing a Three‐dimensional Anatomical Education Tool Into Post‐partum Perineal Laceration Care

Perineal lacerations are a common outcome of vaginal childbirth, with 53–79% of women obtaining some degree of an obstetrical laceration during vaginal delivery. Upon hospital discharge, a woman is expected to demonstrate a certain level of confidence to care for her newborn and herself, however, studies indicate many women feel underprepared in handling common health issues faced after discharge. Despite the high occurrence rate, there is a paucity of educational tools that can be utilized in Obstetrics/Gynecology (OBGYN) clinics to educate women on repair and care of perineal lacerations. In addition, there are several factors that add to the complexity of patient education: 1) the anatomy of the female perineum associated with lacerations is complex; 2) new moms focus education efforts on caring for the new baby, not on female reproductive anatomy; and, 3) the constraints of modern OBGYN wards allow for only a brief time dedicated to patient education. Advent of mobile technology presents an opportunity for effective delivery of accurate and accessible information to patients. Thus, a mobile educational tool on pelvic anatomy may provide an efficient method of patient education. Accordingly, the first aim of this project was to create a three‐dimensional (3D) anatomy tool accessible from a mobile device for health care providers to use when discussing obstetric perineal lacerations with the patient in clinic. The second aim was to assess whether the tool is valuable for health care providers to use in patient encounter and education, and whether it increases patient confidence in knowledge and self‐care. An interactive 3D model of the female reproductive organs and perineal structures was created. 3D models were obtained Touch of Life Technologies (Aurora, CO) and were modified to display only the relevant anatomy. The models were hosted in a server accessible from a mobile device with labels highlighting the relevant anatomy. Health providers were oriented on how to use the tool at faculty meetings, then were invited to complete a survey to assess the tool's usability, aesthetics, relevance, and potential barriers of use in clinic. Healthcare providers then utilized the tool on postpartum recovery floors and follow‐up appointments in OBGYN offices during discussions of post‐partum care instructions to patients with obstetrical lacerations. Patients then completed a survey assessing their anatomy knowledge, confidence in self‐care of the laceration, and fear/anxiety surrounding the laceration. Early results indicate the efficacy of this mobile tool to deliver patient education, as well as assisting providers in sharing their anatomical knowledge with their patients. All health care provider and patient education surveys will be completed by March 2018 and available to report at this conference. This tool has potential use in other OBGYN contexts, including urogynecology, general surgery, and family planning.Support or Funding InformationThis abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Conflict and compromise in planning decision-making: How does a Chinese local government negotiate its construction land quota with higher-level governments?

Economic decentralization in China has intensified the tension between higher-level and local governments in policy implementation. It is a core development right for local governments in urbanizing China to have construction land quotas determined in local plans. Negotiation around this quota can reveal the hidden rules and operating mechanisms of organizational structures in the urban development field. This paper undertakes a long-term tracing of a planning process in a case study area to reveal the conflicts and bargaining processes that occur when top-down enforcement of relevant policies deviates from or even contradicts local appeals and development goals. This study found that the local governments initially adopted a passive response in order to encourage the opportunity for informal bargaining to maximize their own benefits. The outcome was that higher-level government created incentives and offered flexibility in policy implementation to compensate local government. The role of the planning group in effective information delivery and technical support accelerated consensus reaching with compromise from both higher-level and local governments.

재난약자 중심의 유니버설 디자인 개념이 적용된 미국 이재민 임시주거시설 공간계획 관련 지침분석

The study aims to identify critical universal design concepts and attributes applied to American disaster temporary shelter planning guides. The three major shelter guides published by the U.S. government, FEMA, and American Red Cross were carefully reviewed. The analysis framework was built from the literature review, and 50 guidelines were identified from the content analysis. 27 out of 50 universal design guidelines were concerned with the entry and parking space in public area, which means access to and from the entrance of a temporary shelter is critical. For each area, different aspects of universal design were stressed: 1) public area highlighted accessibility regarding general mobility with no obstructions, appropriate space and size provision, and quick and effective information delivery, 2) sanitary area emphasized the importance of victims' privacy and safety based on user types as well as accessibility, 3) special area focused on the flexibility reflecting victims' latent needs by user types, 4) residential area emphasized on easy access and victims' privacy in terms of supportive design. In conclusion, to apply the concepts of universal design to korean shelter space planning guide, accessibility and flexibility based on the user needs should be considered and applied to all spaces in the shelter.

Survey of Public Safety Communications: User-Side and Network-Side Solutions and Future Directions

To prevent economic losses, maintain social order, and protect the well-being of the populace during public safety and crisis recovery scenarios, such as man-made and natural disasters, the efficient and effective delivery of time-critical information to first responders and victims plays a key role. Nonetheless, too often, the communication infrastructures that enable time-critical information delivery become dysfunctional, due to traffic overloads or physical damage. Thus, the user-side solution [e.g., device-to-device (D2D) communications] and the network-side solution [e.g., dynamic wireless networks (DWNs)] are essential communication techniques that can enhance or restore communication for responders and victims in the harsh environment associated with public safety scenes. While D2D has been widely studied and investigated in legacy/commercial communication networks, as well as DWN, little work has been done toward adapting D2D and DWN from a public safety perspective. In this survey, we first design a layered structure, consisting of the public safety service layer, time-critical information delivery layer, and physical object layer, from which to consider the public safety system and its key components. We then extensively review research efforts on both D2D and DWN as complimentary user-side and network-side communication techniques toward effective public safety communications. Particularly, we investigate the approaches and standardization progress of D2D and DWN for public safety communications. Finally, we provide insights into challenges and potential solutions regarding D2D, DWN, security and resilience, and performance evaluation of public safety communication, as well as the integration of state-of-the-art communication and computing technologies to further improve time-critical information delivery in various public safety scenarios.

A Guide to Writing eHealth Websites with Orthopaedics as an Example - Readability, Reliability, Usability

The leading source of information in our modern era is the internet, but there is no assurance that all the material available is reliable or even comprehensible to the general population. There must be guidelines for the effective creation of eHealth websites which have the aim of patient education. Using the example of Orthopaedics, this piece aims to be a guide to medical staff for the effective delivery of health information to the public. The goals of readability, reliability and usability are key in allowing us to augment the process of patients making well-informed decisions.

New Data of the Digital Age: Big, Dark, and Deep.

New Data of the Digital Age: Big, Dark, and Deep.

Development and Preliminary Testing of a Smartphone-Based Injury-Prevention Application (S-IPA) for Teachers at Child-Care Centers in South Korea

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to develop a smartphone-based injury-prevention application (S-IPA) for teachers working in child-care centers, and to test the satisfaction level of the users of the application (app). Through a literature review and needs assessment, an app compatible with the Apple iPhone operating system was developed. The app was verified and the mean total satisfaction with 7 features of the app was 7.76 (± 1.13) on a score of 1–10. The result of the S-IPA survey showed a positive response, indicating a high potential for use as a teacher’s educational guide, which would provide an effective information delivery system for the prevention of possible injuries at child-care centers.

Farmer’s Awareness on Effective Delivery of Farm Information through ICT Mediated Extension Service in Bangladesh

The main focus of the study was to find out the level of awareness about effective delivery of farm information to the farmers through ICT mediated extension service in Bangladesh. The factors influencing awareness of the farmers and the problems faced by the farmers in getting farm information were also explored. Data were collected from a sample of 100 farmers out of 700. A structured interview schedule and check list were used in collection of data through face to face interviewing and focus group discussion (FGD) during October to November in 2012. The awareness was measured by using a 3 point rating scale and appropriate weights were assigned to each of the responses. By adding the weights of responses awareness score was calculated. The effectiveness of ICT mediated extension services was considered based on amount of information being supplied, acceptability, diversity, demand driven and outcome in using information by the farmers. About two-thirds (68 percent) of the farmers had moderate awareness while almost one fourth (26 percent) having high and only 6 percent had low awareness about effective delivery of farm information by ICT centers. The level of education, farm size, family size, annual income, training exposure, organizational participation and extension media contact of the farmers were significantly correlated with their awareness. The stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that out of 9, four variables such as organizational participation, annual income, farm size and family size of the farmers combinedly explain 50 percent variance regarding awareness of effective delivery of farm information. Rendering inadequate services of field extension agents, frequent power disruption, lack of skilled manpower (extension agents) at ICT centers, lack of training facilities for the farmers, and poor supervision and monitoring of field extension activities were the major problems as mentioned by the farmers for effective dissemination of farm information.

IoT-enabled emergency information supply chain architecture for elderly people: The Australian context

The effective delivery of emergency information to elderly people is a challenging task. Failure to deliver appropriate information can have an adverse impact on the well-being of the elderly people. This paper addresses this challenge and proposes an IoT-enabled information architecture driven approach, which is called “Resalert”. Resalert offers IoT-enabled emergency information supply chain architecture pattern, IoT device architecture and system architecture. The applicability of the Resalert is evaluated by the means of an example scenario, a portable Raspberry Pi based system prototype and user evaluation. The results of this research indicate that the proposed approach seems useful to the effective delivery of emergency information to elderly people.

The challenges of driving licenses in Saudi Arabia

The losses caused by traffic accidents constitutes a large socio-economic problem for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and has led to an in-depth study of the driver, which is the major factor in the cause of traffic accidents in any region of the world. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's booming economy has resulted in the employment of large numbers of immigrants who work as professional drivers in Saudi Arabia, who come from different cultural and social environments which contributes to an increase in the human factor as the major cause of traffic crashes. This paper summarizes a national study conducted in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia of 2074 traffic crashes during the year 2011. This study also included interviews of 1067 trainees at driving schools in the same period. The study has shown that the human factor constitutes 76% of the causes of crashes in the study sample and it has also confirmed the increased crash risk for young Saudi drivers when compared to older age groups, it also showed a higher crash involvement of non-Saudi nationals over the age of 30 years. This study concluded that the number of professional drivers involved in traffic crashes from foreign nationalities is higher than the Saudis and Arab drivers, and it also shows that there is an increasing number of non-professional Saudi and Arab drivers involved in traffic crashes when compared with other nationalities. The study also indicated that there was a greater than expected rate of traffic accidents rate involving heavy vehicle drivers when compared to drivers of private vehicles. There is also a higher rate of injury accidents involving drivers of government vehicles than other professional drivers. The study also indicates that drivers of private company and government vehicles are causing more crashes than family drivers and taxi drivers. The study encourages professional drivers to learn and understand the basics of the Arabic language or English, it also recommends that the professional drivers to reassess their driving and health fitness on a regular basis and provide them with training and cultural courses that suit them and more frequent for those who are older than 30 years. The study also recommended the need to increase the standard of training programs in driving schools through utilizing visual media including video and films for the effective delivery of information to trainees of many different nationalities and culturally diverse backgrounds.