Effective Coping Mechanisms Research Articles

Dietary restrictions and special food needs in tourism contexts: does the love of events go through the stomach?

PurposeThis study aims to investigate whether and how dietary restrictions or special dietary needs, arising not only from health concerns but also from lifestyle or religious considerations, impact the experiences of visitors at various organized events.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a qualitative research design, interpreting results of both content and sentiment analysis of 154 in-depth interviews with participants from cultural, sports and other events, originating from 18 countries and having dietary restrictions due to health, lifestyle or religious considerations.FindingsThe results underscore that the impact of dietary restrictions and special dietary needs on organized events depends on the duration and nature of the event. This significance is particularly pronounced in events lasting several hours or more and those centred around food and beverages, such as gastronomic festivals. While individuals with long-term dietary restrictions exhibit effective coping mechanisms without compromising their event experience, those with short-term restrictions feel particularly restricted. Although the provision of non-inclusive food during events may not immediately lead to participant dissatisfaction, it has the potential to impact the event’s success in the future.Originality/valueThis study is the first to investigate a sufficiently large sample of interviewees with diverse dietary restrictions, encompassing more than just health-related reasons, who attend various types of events in tourist destinations. It is also the first to employ sentiment analysis to better understand the impact of dietary restrictions on visitor experiences at events. This research paves the way for further studies in this field, emphasizing specific event types and different visitor groups.

The Role of Perceived Social Support in Building Resilience Among Individuals with Chronic Illnesses: Impacts on Emotional Well-Being and Coping with Disease-Related Stress

Chronic illnesses pose significant physical, emotional, and psychological challenges, requiring effective coping mechanisms to enhance patients' quality of life. Our research measures how social support systems help patients with long-term medical conditions build resilience and emotional stability as they manage their illness. We recruited 200 participants equally distributed among four chronic health condition groups from hospitals throughout Peshawar and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The research team measured how social support perception interacts with resilience and emotional health using established evaluation scales. Study results show perceived social support directly increases participants' mental strength and their emotional health. People with mental health disorders showed weaker social networks and resilience than all other groups. Results point to the urgent requirement for personalized support programs that help build better social networks for people who need protection the most. Our research improves knowledge about resilience by showing how people and their surroundings shape it while delivering useful knowledge for those who run healthcare services and make healthcare decisions.

Analysis of Coping Mechanisms on Student Resilience in Managing Academic Stress

This research is motivated by the fact that many students experience academic stress or are at risk of experiencing academic stress. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of coping mechanisms on students' resilience in dealing with academic stress. The methodology used is a literature review, where the reviewed literature consists of previous studies relevant to this research. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that coping mechanisms influence students' resilience in facing academic stress. Students with effective coping mechanisms tend to have higher resilience in managing various academic demands.

Anatomical dissection influences emotions of podiatry students.

Dissection and examination of prosected cadavers is a tool for teaching anatomy. However, this experience can provoke anxiety and stress among students. This study aims to understand the attitudes, reactions, fears, and anxiety states of podiatry students before their first dissection in addition to evaluate its usefulness as an educational tool for academic training in anatomy. A cross-sectional study was carried out before and after the dissection room visit of first-year podiatry students. They were given several questionnaires: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaires (STAI-state anxiety and STAI-trait anxiety) and two anonymous questionnaires. Levels of total emotional anxiety (STAI-state anxiety) decreased significantly (p<0.05) from 16.9 points before practice to 10.9 points after practice. In terms of gender, significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in anxiety levels before and after practice. However, female students had significantly (p<0.05) higher pre-practice levels of STAI-state anxiety than male students. Although 100% of students (3.98±0.149, over 4) expressed satisfaction with the practical's dissection and considered that these contributed significantly to the consolidation of their anatomical knowledge, the experience generated emotional responses that need to be addressed. Higher levels of anxiety were observed among female students, highlighting the need to implement effective coping mechanisms to mitigate emotional reactions, with special emphasis on this population.

An Evaluation of Employees Perceptions of Workplace Stressors and Solutions: Data from the Software Sector

Objectives: The study aims to assess perceived job stress levels among software professionals in Chennai, identify major stressors, and explore effective coping mechanisms to improve workplace well-being and productivity. Methods: A survey was conducted among software professionals in Chennai. The study gathered data on perceived stress levels, identified key stressors, and examined the role of stress in motivation and productivity. Results: The survey revealed that stress is prevalent among software professionals, with "career-family disparities" and "work stress" identified as the main stressors. However, the study noted that mild stress can enhance motivation and productivity, highlighting the complex role of stress in this industry. Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of addressing workplace stress to enhance employee well-being and organizational efficiency. Implementing stress-reduction measures can create a healthier work environment, benefiting both employees and companies in the software sector.

NAVIGATING LIFE'S CHALLENGES IN UNDERGRADUATES: AN IN-DEPTH EXPLORATION OF GENDER DISPARITIES IN COPING STRATEGIES AND SUCCESSES (A LITERATURE REVIEW)

This comprehensive literature review investigates gender disparities among undergraduates in Sri Lanka, exploring academic, financial, and social challenges. Despite women displaying higher enrollment, graduation rates, and academic performance, disparities extend to employment, relationships, and gender-based violence. Success stories highlight women breaking societal norms and men challenging traditional roles. The dynamic coping strategies employed underscore the necessity of ongoing support, policy changes, and societal awareness. An intersectional lens reveals unique challenges based on race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation. The review emphasizes the urgency of interventions for gender disparities, offering insights for policymakers, educators, and institutions. The subsequent examination of undergraduate life in Sri Lanka delves into academic pressure, financial hardships, limited support services, job prospects, and social issues. Gender-specific challenges demonstrate how societal expectations shape women's and men's experiences in higher education. The coping strategies section categorizes mechanisms and explores gender-specific ones, indicating potential disparities influenced by societal expectations. Factors affecting coping strategies, such as the work environment and social support, are discussed. The impact of coping strategies on academic success is analyzed, highlighting the symbiotic relationship between effective coping mechanisms and positive outcomes. The review concludes by outlining future research directions, advocating for an intersectionality perspective, longitudinal studies, and a focus on mental health's role in academic success. Implications for policy and practice stress the need for inclusive support services, faculty training programs, and initiatives promoting mental health awareness to create a supportive environment for all undergraduates.

Can Expressing Feelings About Violence be a Protective Buffer in the Linkage Between Bullying Victimization and Delinquent Activities?

The current study explores whether expressing feelings about violence through journal or notebookand/or school assignment might be associated with a decrease in delinquent activities, such as substance use, theft of property, and assaultive behaviors. A cross-sectional study with purposive sampling was conducted. The participants were comprised of African American adolescents in four Chicago's Southside neighborhoods. Measures included bullying victimization, substance use, theft of property, assaultive behavior, expressing feelings about violence, and the covariates (age, biological sex, and government assistance). Analyses were univariate analyses and a two-step hierarchical multiple regression. Regarding the study sample, the average age was 15.84years, 45.6% were males, and 75.7% received government assistance. Bullying victimization was positively associated with substance use, and expressing feelings about violence moderated the association between the two. Bullying victimization was also positively associated with theft of property, and expression feelings about violence moderated the association between the two. Although bullying victimization was positively associated with assaultive behavior, expressing feelings about violence did not moderate the association betweenthe two. Findings suggest a significant role of expressing feelings about violence in buffering the adverse outcomes of bullying victimization among adolescents in low-resourced neighborhoods. Expressing feelings about violence may serve as an effective coping mechanism for adolescents who areconsistently exposed to violence.

The Effects of Complex Family Dynamics on Early Childhood Development: A Case Study

This study was conducted to determine the effects of complex family dynamics on early childhood students' development. This study addresses the cognitive, social, emotional, moral, and coping mechanisms early childhood students adopt. A descriptive case study design and purposive sampling were utilized. Five respondents, from early childhood education nursery and kindergarten students, were interviewed face-to-face while observing proper health protocol. Utilizing Resiliency Theory and Carl Rogers' Self-Actualization framework, the study employed a descriptive case study design with structured interviews. Findings reveal challenges such as emotional neglect, isolation, and anxiety, counterbalanced by nurturing caregiver relationships and effective coping mechanisms. The majority of the students experience a lack of parental support and guidance due to diverse, complex family dynamics like blended families, single parenting, and families affected by divorce or separation. In addition, most of the students experience emotional difficulty, anxiety, loneliness, and isolation. Also, many of them need help socializing and following rules and regulations. Recommendations to improve these experiences include workshops and resources designed to foster parental involvement in their children’s education and emotional well-being and establishing mental health services in schools to offer counseling and support for children facing family-related challenges.

The Power of Faith and Social Media in Healing Women’s Mental Health – A Theological Study

This study investigates the profound interplay between social media engagement and spirituality in the journey of women overcoming anxiety and depression. With these pervasive mental health challenges affecting countless lives, understanding effective coping mechanisms becomes imperative. By intertwining the realms of digital connectivity and spiritual practices, this research explores how women navigate their mental health struggles, find support networks, and cultivate resilience. Drawing on a mixed-methods approach, this study delves into the experiences of a diverse cohort of women, capturing both quantitative data on social media usage patterns and qualitative insights into the significance of spirituality in their mental well-being. Through surveys, interviews, and content analysis, the multifaceted impact of social media platforms and spiritual beliefs on mental health outcomes is illuminated. The results reveal a complex landscape wherein social media serves as both a source of distress and a platform for connection and support. Moreover, spirituality emerges as a profound resource for coping, offering solace, hope, and a sense of purpose to women navigating the depths of anxiety and depression. Statistical analysis underscores the significant correlations between certain social media behaviors and mental health outcomes, while qualitative narratives enrich our understanding of the deeply personal and transformative role of spirituality in women's lives.

Factors influencing elderly coping with social challenges in Thailand's aging society

Thailand is facing a rapidly aging population, presenting numerous social challenges for the elderly that necessitate effective coping mechanisms to sustain their well-being. This study investigates factors influencing their ability to cope with aging-related challenges and the mechanisms driving their adaptation. A total of 330 participants aged 60 years and older were surveyed. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling with AMOS, and path analysis. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, with participants divided into three age groups: 60-69, 70-79, and 80+. Content analysis was applied to the qualitative data. Findings revealed that cooperation and societal support had the highest factor loading (0.809), while technological proficiency had the lowest (0.513). The structural equation model showed a high coefficient of determination (R² = 85%) for adaptation. The results underscore that adaptability is a key factor in coping with aging challenges, enabling physical and mental adjustment. Enhancing technological skills and promoting government policies and sector collaboration are vital for improving quality of life and readiness to address Thailand’s transition to a super-aged society.

An Investigation into the Effects of Culture Shock on Freshmen EFL Students at the University of Labor and Social Affairs, Ho Chi Minh City Campus

This study explores the impacts of culture shock on freshmen English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students at the University of Labor and Social Affairs (Ho Chi Minh City Campus), with a particular focus on the psychological, emotional, and academic challenges they encounter during their transition to urban life. Culture shock, a multifaceted phenomenon involving emotional, psychological, and cognitive stressors, can significantly hinder students’ adjustment to new cultural and academic environments. The study identifies several key negative effects, including confusion, fear, homesickness, and discomfort, all of which interfere with language learning and social integration. Through qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews and group discussions, the research uncovers students' experiences of psychological distress and their struggles with adapting to urban lifestyles and communication barriers. In addition to these challenges, the study highlights effective coping mechanisms, such as pre-arrival preparation programs, fostering cultural acceptance, and cultivating a positive mindset, which help students navigate the adjustment process. The findings emphasize the importance of pre-arrival training and the integration of Social Emotional Learning (SEL) strategies within the curriculum to promote both academic success and emotional resilience. The research concludes by advocating for a holistic approach to student support, where universities implement comprehensive strategies that address the emotional, social, and academic needs of EFL students. By focusing on these areas, institutions can reduce the negative impacts of culture shock, ensuring students’ successful integration into the academic community and enhancing their overall well-being.

The Relationship between Motivation, Coping Mechanisms, and Alcohol Cessation among Alcohol Drinkers in Barangay Ubaldo Laya, Iligan City

Background and Aim: Alcohol consumption remains a prevalent and varied practice across cultures worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the level of motivation, coping strategies, and alcohol cessation among individuals attempting to cease alcohol consumption. In addition, this study aimed to explore the relationships between motivation, coping mechanisms, and alcohol cessation among alcohol drinkers in the Philippines. Design: This study employs a descriptive-correlational design. Using convenient sampling, it targets male and female residents aged 18–59 years old in Iligan City, Lanao del Norte, Philippines, who have attempted to quit alcohol consumption. Results: Personal growth and development, relationships, and physical appearance were the primary motivators for alcohol cessation. Effective coping mechanisms included confronting negative emotions, boosting mood through special treats or increased productivity, and reflecting on past drinking consequences. Respondents reported significant improvements in well-being, excellent stress management, and strong support from groups and family, leading to increased confidence in maintaining cessation, infrequent alcohol consumption, and success in quitting. Individuals with higher motivation and effective coping strategies were more likely to maintain cessation, manage stress without alcohol, attend support sessions, and experience overall well-being improvements. Conclusion: These results suggest that targeted interventions that enhance motivation and provide effective coping mechanisms are essential. Counseling, support groups, and educational programs emphasizing personal growth, strong relationships, and self-improvement can achieve this. These findings are valuable for health-care providers, counselors, and policymakers, highlighting key factors for successful alcohol cessation. By focusing on motivation and coping mechanisms, support systems can improve the likelihood of sustained alcohol cessation, leading to better community health and well-being.

Beyond the Surgery: The Impact of Coping Strategies on Persistent Pain After Rotator Cuff Repair.

Background: Rotator cuff repair is widely recognized as one of the most painful orthopedic surgeries, yet postoperative pain management in these patients is often underexplored. This study aimed to explore the relationship between pain outcomes and functional recovery six months after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR), with a focus on the role of different pain coping mechanisms as mediators. Methods: This study included 83 patients that underwent rotator cuff repair. Pain levels were assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI-SF), while shoulder function was evaluated using the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS). Coping strategies, including self-statements, ignoring pain, distraction, and praying, were examined in relation to pain severity and interference and were assessed with the Coping Strategies Questionnaire-Revised (CSQ-R). Simple and parallel mediation analyses were performed using the PROCESS macro to assess the mediating effects of coping mechanisms on the relationship between pain intensity, pain interference, and postoperative OSS. Results: Post-surgery, patients showed a significant improvement in OSS (from 29 ± 9 to 42 ± 6). At six months, 24% of patients reported chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP), defined as a pain severity score of 3 or higher. Correlation analyses revealed that OSS was negatively associated with pain catastrophizing (r = -0.35, p < 0.01) and praying (r = -0.28, p < 0.01). OSS was significantly negatively associated with pain severity (r = -0.54; p < 0.01) and pain interference (r = -0.51, p < 0.01). Mediation analysis demonstrated that coping self-statements significantly mediated the relationship between pain interference and shoulder function (a*b = 0.5266 (BootSE = 0.2691, 95% CI [0.1010, 1.1470]), emphasizing the important role of cognitive strategies in supporting recovery outcomes. Conclusion: Patients engaging in adaptive coping strategies, particularly coping self-statements, reported better functional outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions focusing on effective pain coping mechanisms to improve recovery post-ARCR.

Learning experiences and coping strategies of nursing students in the face of clinical errors

BackgroundError reporting in clinical settings is a significant challenge for nursing students also understanding the nature of these errors is crucial for implementing corrective interventions that enhance patient safety. AimThis study investigates nursing students' learning experiences and coping strategies in the face of errors in clinical settings. MethodsThis research was a qualitative content analysis study. Participants were purposefully selected, and data were acquired through semi-structured interviews. ResultsThirteen students participated in the study and five themes were extracted from the data analysis: causes of errors, emotional responses after errors, actions taken after errors, barriers to error reporting, and error prevention strategies. ConclusionsThe findings indicated several factors that contributed to the occurrence of clinical errors experienced by nursing students. Students may also resort to ineffective coping mechanisms and avoid reporting errors. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and implement measures to prevent clinical errors and create effective coping mechanisms in case of these errors to support nursing students and increase patient safety.

The Art of State-Societal Reconfiguration in a Time of Pandemic Crisis: A Health System Resilience Typology and Comparative Analysis Between Transcending Nations (the US, UK, and India) and Coping Nations (South Korea and Taiwan)

This paper examines and reviews three years of the preventive measures taken by different countries, which led us to frame the most effective mitigation and coping mechanisms that were deployed to cushion the impact of Covid-19 outbreaks on respective health systems. Measures taken by five countries (the United States, United Kingdom, India, South Korea, and Taiwan) are used as case studies. We delineate the resilience measures within the scope of “coping” and “transcending.” The elucidation of these measures is demarcated into three control phases: feedforward control, concurrent control, and feedback control. Our review reveals that the US, UK, and India struggled as a result of chaotic coordination by their public health systems to cope with high admission rates of Covid-19-infected patients; however, they possessed the ability to learn swiftly and to identify and produce vaccine candidates to transcend the crisis. Meanwhile, South Korea and Taiwan were found to have the ability to cope with the upheavals they encountered during the pandemic crisis. The holistic framework of resilience measures we derive may be instrumental to policy makers, public health specialists, and researchers, setting out as it does the coping and transcending abilities within the context of a learning society.

The predictive power of coping strategies of pediatric oncology patients on their quality of life and their attitudes toward diseases.

Pediatric oncology patients face several physical and psychological challenges that can significantly impact their quality of life (QoL) and attitudes toward their illness. Coping strategies are pivotal in managing the emotional and physical burdens of disease. This study aimed to examine the impact of coping strategies of pediatric oncology patients on their QoL and attitudes towards their illness. The descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study was conducted with 112 pediatric oncology patients aged 10-18 years. The Sociodemographic Form, Pediatric Cancer Coping Scale (PCCS), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), and Child Attitude Towards Illness Scale (CATIS) were used for data collection. Significant correlations were identified between cognitive coping, defensive coping, and CATIS (p<.001). The PCCS and subdimensions significantly predicted CATIS (p<.001), accounting for 15.3% of the cognitive and defensive coping variation. However, there was no relationship between PCCS total and subdimension scores on PedsQL (p=.534). The PedsQL and subdimensions significantly predicted CATIS (p<.001) and accounted for 27.2% of the variation in physical health summary score, emotional functioning, psychosocial health summary score, and total PedsQL score. The study reveals that cognitive coping strategies positively predict attitudes toward illness, whereas defensive coping strategies have an inverse effect. The study proposes that comprehensive care models in pediatric oncology support effective coping mechanisms and enhance the QoL of those who receive them.

Association between Type D personality, illness perception, and coping strategies in patients undergoing open-heart surgery.

A combination of social inhibition and negative affectivity characterizes Type D personality. Type D, or distressed personality, is an established risk factor for the development and prognosis of coronary heart disease. It occurs in approximately 1 in 4 patients with coronary heart disease. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Type D personality, illness perception, and coping strategies in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. This retrospective and cross-sectional study was conducted in a university hospital psychiatry and cardiovascular surgery clinics between February 2022 and April 2022. Seventy-one volunteered patients over the age of 18 who underwent open-heart surgery in the cardiovascular surgery clinic were included in the study. Cardiovascular surgeons recorded the sociodemographic and clinical data of the patients and referred them to the psychiatry clinic for further evaluation. Subsequently, patients underwent psychiatric evaluation and were assessed using the Type D Personality Scale, Coping Attitudes Assessment Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Illness Perception Questionnaire. According to this study, individuals with Type D personality tended to have higher scores on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Analysis of the subdimensions of the Stress Coping Styles Scale revealed that individuals with Type D personalities showed a significantly lower optimistic approach and a considerably higher helpless approach. In terms of the subdimensions of the Illness Perception Questionnaire, it was found that individuals with Type D personality had a statistically lower treatment control approach and a statistically higher emotional representations approach. Identifying Type D personality traits in patients undergoing open-heart surgery can help manage negative illness perceptions through effective coping mechanisms.

Heart of Care: Embracing Grief and Growth in Oncology and Palliative Medicine

Introduction The emotional impact of patient loss in oncology and palliative care profoundly affects healthcare professionals. This study explores clinicians’ experiences, emotional reactions, and coping mechanisms in these fields, focusing on their professional and personal growth. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how healthcare professionals from different regions and with varying years of experience deal with patient loss, emphasizing cultural, social, and institutional influences on their coping strategies. Methods A mixed-methods approach combined qualitative and quantitative elements. Data were collected using a Microsoft® Forms© survey targeting oncology and palliative care healthcare professionals. The survey included questions on experiences with patient loss, coping strategies, personal and professional growth, and beliefs. Statistical methods and thematic analysis were used to analyse quantitative and qualitative data. Ethical approval was obtained, and the survey ensured participant anonymity and confidentiality. Results The survey received 125 responses from nineteen countries. Emotional reactions to patient loss were significant, with various coping strategies reported, including spiritual practices, self-care, and professional support groups. Personal and professional growth were key outcomes of dealing with patient loss. Themes like Emotional Impact, Coping Mechanisms, and Reflections on Death and Dying were prevalent. Analysis revealed no significant correlation between the time taken by the participants to complete the survey and years of healthcare experience. Conclusion Healthcare professionals in oncology and palliative care face significant emotional challenges due to patient loss. The study emphasizes the importance of diverse and effective coping mechanisms, the supportive role of personal beliefs and workplace environments, and the journey of personal and professional growth amidst these challenges. It highlights the resilience of healthcare workers and underscores the need for supportive systems in managing the emotional aspects of patient care.

Exploring Ecological Rituals of Indigenous People in Indonesia Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic har far-reaching impacts on economic, political, and social aspects of indigenous communities worldwide, including those in Indonesia. This study delves into the often overlooked effects of the pandemic, exposing cases of poverty, hunger, and limited access to healthcare among indigenous peoples. Utilizing a non-systematic literature review method, the research aims to uncover the meanings and significance of ecological rituals for indigenous women in Indonesia. The study critically evaluates relevant literature, identifying key themes and patterns related to these rituals within cultural, social, and environmental contexts. Results indicate that indigenous women exhibit strong resilience during the pandemic, rooted in communal living and close community bonds. Social restrictions have minimal impact on their traditional activities, and various rituals serve as effective coping mechanisms, fostering psychological well-being. This research contributes to understanding the ecological knowledge, practices, and beliefs of indigenous women, offering insights for sustainable development and conservation efforts.

A Study of Psychological Distress Among Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Kashmir

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, was previously thought to be an endocrine condition. Research has now demonstrated that polycystic ovarian syndrome affects a patient's quality of life and is a metabolic, hormonal and psychosocial condition. Women's joys are disrupted by PCOS because the stigma attached to hyperandrogenism is strongly felt and may harm women's psychological development. Methods: The aim of the study was to comprehend the psychosocial problems experienced by women in Kashmir and to obtain a thorough understanding of the coping mechanisms employed by women with PCOS. The research design was both qualitative and quantitative in nature. Thematic analysis was used to derive themes from the data. Sampling was purposeful in nature. Results: The study underscores that women with PCOS encounter numerous difficulties encompassing social and psychological aspects. Psychological issues like mood swings, stress, anxiety and sleeping disorders are prevalent among women with PCOS. Furthermore, the research has revealed that menstrual disorders significantly contribute to depression in women. The study also highlights a connection between infertility and psychological problems. Conclusion: In conclusion, the research underscores the multifaceted challenges faced by individuals with PCOS. Therefore, understanding these issues is crucial for developing effective coping mechanisms and improving the quality of life for women dealing with PCOS.