Effects Of Walking Exercise Research Articles

한국 중장년층의 걷기 일수와 폐쇄성 수면무호흡증간의 관계에서 구강건강의 매개효과

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating effect of oral health problems on the effects of walking exercise on risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019-2020, and hierarchical regression was performed to confirm the mediating effect of oral health problems (chewing and speaking problems) and the effect of walking days on OSA risk factors (snoring, tiredness, witness). Results: The number of days of walking had no significant effect on OSA risk factors (β= -.011, p>.05). Oral health problem as a parameter had a significant effect on OSA risk factors [; thus] it was confirmed that there was a fully mediating effect (β=.049, p<.001). Conclusions: Based on the results, it is necessary to continuously promote the importance of walking exercise and oral health in the treatment of OSA.

Changes in miRNA expression in patients with peripheral arterial vascular disease during moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity

BackgroundWalking is the preferred therapy for peripheral arterial disease in early stage. An effect of walking exercise is the increase of blood flow and fluid shear stress, leading, triggered by arteriogenesis, to the formation of collateral blood vessels. Circulating micro-RNA may act as an important information transmitter in this process. We investigated the acute effects of a single bout of 1) aerobic walking with moderate intensity; and 2) anaerobic walking with vigorous intensity on miRNA parameters related to vascular collateral formation.MethodsTen (10) patients with peripheral arterial disease with claudication (age 72 ± 7 years) participated in this two-armed, randomized-balanced cross-over study. The intervention arms were single bouts of supervised walking training at (1) vigorous intensity on a treadmill up to volitional exhaustion and (2) moderate intensity with individual selected speed for a duration of 20 min. One week of washout was maintained between the arms. During each intervention, heart rate was continuously monitored. Acute effects on circulating miRNAs and lactate concentration were determined using pre- and post-intervention measurement comparisons.ResultsVigorous-intensity walking resulted in a higher heart rate (125 ± 21 bpm) than the moderate-intensity intervention (88 ± 9 bpm) (p < 0.05). Lactate concentration was increased after vigorous-intensity walking (p = 0.005; 3.3 ± 1.2 mmol/l), but not after moderate exercising (p > 0.05; 1.7 ± 0.6 mmol/l). The circulating levels of miR-142-5p and miR-424-5p were up-regulated after moderate-intensity (p < 0.05), but not after vigorous-intensity training (p > 0.05).ConclusionModerate-intensity walking seems to be more feasible than vigorous exercises to induce changes of blood flow and endurance training-related miRNAs in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Our data thus indicates that effect mechanisms might follow an optimal rather than a maximal dose response relation. Steady state walking without the necessity to reach exhaustion seems to be better suited as stimulus.

Effect of walking exercise on the human body

Recent studies have demonstrated that brisk walking help to reduce anxiety and tension and assist in weight loss. Regular walking helps improve cholesterol profile, help control hypertension, and slow the process of osteoporosis. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the benefits of walking on physical and mental health to encourage people to participate in walking as a regular and sustainable exercise, and to determine of the limitation of regular walking. The researcher used the descriptive approach for achieve the research objectives. Research finding indicated that walking can relieve the human body fat, improve their heart health and decrease the possible risk of heart attack and stroke. Additionally walking improve their ability in lowering high blood pressure, reduce risk of diabetes, and Decrease stress and prevent depression.

Effect of Walking Exercise on Blood Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Effect of Walking Exercise on Blood Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Walking Exercise Therapy Effects on Lower Extremity Skeletal Muscle in Peripheral Artery Disease.

Walking exercise is the most effective noninvasive therapy that improves walking ability in peripheral artery disease (PAD). Biologic mechanisms by which exercise improves walking in PAD are unclear. This review summarizes evidence regarding effects of walking exercise on lower extremity skeletal muscle in PAD. In older people without PAD, aerobic exercise improves mitochondrial activity, muscle mass, capillary density, and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. However, walking exercise increases lower extremity ischemia in people with PAD, and therefore, mechanisms by which this exercise improves walking may differ between people with and without PAD. Compared with people without PAD, gastrocnemius muscle in people with PAD has greater mitochondrial impairment, increased reactive oxygen species, and increased fibrosis. In multiple small trials, walking exercise therapy did not consistently improve mitochondrial activity in people with PAD. In one 12-week randomized trial of people with PAD randomized to supervised exercise or control, supervised treadmill exercise increased treadmill walking time from 9.3 to 15.1 minutes, but simultaneously increased the proportion of angular muscle fibers, consistent with muscle denervation (from 7.6% to 15.6%), while angular myofibers did not change in the control group (from 9.1% to 9.1%). These findings suggest an adaptive response to exercise in PAD that includes denervation and reinnervation, an adaptive process observed in skeletal muscle of people without PAD during aging. Small studies have not shown significant effects of exercise on increased capillary density in lower extremity skeletal muscle of participants with PAD, and there are no data showing that exercise improves microcirculatory delivery of oxygen and nutrients in patients with PAD. However, the effects of supervised exercise on increased plasma nitrite abundance after a treadmill walking test in people with PAD may be associated with improved lower extremity skeletal muscle perfusion and may contribute to improved walking performance in response to exercise in people with PAD. Randomized trials with serial, comprehensive measures of muscle biology, and physiology are needed to clarify mechanisms by which walking exercise interventions improve mobility in PAD.

Effects of Walking Exercises on Pulse, Oxygen Saturation and Vital Capacity According to the Height of Residential Area

Effects of Walking Exercises on Pulse, Oxygen Saturation and Vital Capacity According to the Height of Residential Area

The effect of walking exercise on quality of life and sleep in elderly individuals : Randomized controlled study

The effect of walking exercise on quality of life and sleep in elderly individuals : Randomized controlled study

Effect of Walking Exercise on Metabolic and Pulmonary Health in Non-ambulatory Stroke Survivors, Pilot Data

Effect of Walking Exercise on Metabolic and Pulmonary Health in Non-ambulatory Stroke Survivors, Pilot Data

Effects of walking exercises on body composition, heart rate variability, and perceptual responses in overweight and obese adolescents

Summary Background To assess the effects of various walking rehabilitation programs on body composition, heart rate variability, aerobic fitness and perceptual responses of overweight and obese young adolescents. Methods A total of 31 young overweight and obese adolescents (12 boys and 19 girls) were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups: a group walking at 70% of maximal aerobic speed (70%MAS G, n = 7), a group walking at 50% of maximal aerobic speed (50%MAS group, n = 8), a self-selected walking pace group (SSWP group, n = 8), and a control group (C, n = 8). Anthropometric, metabolic, and perceptual parameters were measured before and after a 2-month rehabilitation program. Results Decreases in body mass, BMI, and body fat were seen in MAS, 70%MAS, and SSWP groups (P Conclusions Rehabilitation programs based on 50% MAS and 70%MAS were more effective strategies to make positive changes on body composition, heart rate variability, aerobic fitness and perceptual responses than the self-selected walking pace, and could be used to ensure an effective intensity of effort in the rehabilitation of overweight and obese adolescents.

The Effect of Walking Exercise on Depressive Symptoms : A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Depression is a common mental disorder. It is managed by anti-depressant drugs, psychotherapy sessions or both. Physical activity may improve depressive symptoms. Objectives: We aim in this study to know the effect of walking on depression and depressive symptoms and the relationship between walking and depression among Arabic population. Materials and method: an online cross-sectional survey, written in Arabic language targeting both males and females’ living in Saudi Arabia from age 18 and above, we used the Major depressive disorder criteria according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) to assess depression with other questions about physical activity (30 minutes or more per session in last twelve months). Result: 870 participants, 51.7% female and 48.3% male. Of the total participants 43.2% are not walking regularly and 56.8% are walking on regular basis. Of total 63.8% are not depressed, while 11.6% are suffering from depressive symptoms and 24.6% are suffering from Major depressive disorder. In the group who are not depressed 22.5% are not walking and 77.5% are walking regularly. Among those who walks, 18.8% are walking once per week, 18.1% are walking twice per week, and 63% are walking three times or more per week. In the group who are having depressive symptoms 77.2% are not walking regularly while 22.8% are walking regularly 3 times or more per week, In the group who are suffering from major depressive disorder 80.8% are not walking and 19.2% are walking regularly. Among those who walks, 61% are walking once per week, 36.6% are walking twice per week, and 2.4% are walking three times or more per week. Conclusion: These findings underscore the need for increasing awareness of impact of physical activity in psychological well-being. Further controlled study may focus on possibility of Brain changes secondary to physical activity.

The Effectiveness of Walking Exercise and Yoga Training Effect Comparison to Increase Expiration Peak Toward Sleep Quality for COPD (Respiratory) Patients in Respiratory Hospital West Sumatera

The Effectiveness of Walking Exercise and Yoga Training Effect Comparison to Increase Expiration Peak Toward Sleep Quality for COPD (Respiratory) Patients in Respiratory Hospital West Sumatera

Effects of walking exercise on body weight gain and body composition of rats : 1. Effects of two exercise protocols on body fat deposition

Effects of walking exercise on body weight gain and body composition of rats : 1. Effects of two exercise protocols on body fat deposition

Acute Effects of Walking Exercise on Stair Negotiation in Sedentary and Physically Active Older Adults.

In negotiating stairs, low foot clearance increases the risk of tripping and a fall. Foot clearance may be related to physical fitness, which differs between active and sedentary participants, and be acutely affected by exercise. Impaired stair negotiation could be an acute response to exercise. Here we determined acute changes in foot clearances during stair walking in sedentary (n = 15) and physically active older adults (n = 15) after prolonged exercise. Kinematic data were acquired during negotiation with a 3-steps staircase while participants walked at preferred speed, before and after 30 min walking at preferred speed and using a treadmill. Foot clearances were compared before and after exercise and between the groups. Sedentary older adults presented larger (0.5 cm for lead and 2 cm for trail leg) toe clearances in ascent, smaller (0.7 cm) heel clearance in the leading foot in descent, and larger (1 cm) heel clearance in the trailing foot in descent than physically active. Sedentary older adults negotiate stairs in a slightly different way than active older adults, and 30 min walking at preferred speed does not affect clearance in stair negotiation.

Effects of Walking Exercises on Body Composition, Heart Rate Variability, and Perceptual Responses in Overweight and Obese Adolescents

Objective: To assess the effects of various walking rehabilitation programs on body composition, heart rate variability, aerobic fitness and perceptual responses of overweight and obese young adolescents. Material and methods: 31 young overweight and obese adolescents (12 boys and 19 girls) were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups: a group walking at 70% of maximal aerobic speed (70% MAS G, n=7), a group walking at 50% of maximal aerobic speed (50% MAS group, n=8), a self-selected walking pace group (SSWP group, n=8), and a control group (C, n=8). Anthropometric, metabolic, and perceptual parameters were measured before and after a 2-month rehabilitation program. Results: Decreases in body mass, BMI, and body fat were seen in MAS, 70% MAS, and SSWP groups (p<0.01, p<0.01, and p<0.05 respectively), with associated with increases in the distance performed during the 6MWT (all at p<0.01). 50% MAS and 70% MAS groups showed significant increases in MAS, estimated VO2max, and the calculated maximal fat oxidation (all at p<0.01). In addition, we found a decrease in HR values during the recovery period (p<0.05), associated with significant increases in HF (p<0.05 and p<0.05 respectively) and decreases in LF (p<0.05 and p<0.05 respectively) indices of heart rate variability in 50% MAS and 70% MAS groups. In contrast, the ratio LF/HF decreased only in the 50% MAS group (p<0.05). The 2-month rehabilitation program induced significant decreases of RPE values and Hooper scores in 50% MAS (p<0.05, and p<0.01 respectively) and 70% MAS groups (p<0.05, and p<0.01 respectively). The control group showed no changes in the selected parameters. Conclusions: Rehabilitation programs based on 50% MAS and 70% MAS were more effective strategies to make positive changes on body composition, heart rate variability, aerobic fitness and perceptual responses than the self-selected walking pace, and could be used to ensure an effective intensity of effort in the rehabilitation of overweight and obese adolescents.

Effects of two different eight-week walking programs on insulin resistance and ER stressrelated markers in pre-menopausal women / Premenopozal kadınlarda 8 haftalık farklı şiddetteki yürüyüş antrenmanlarının insülin direnci ve ER stresiyle ilişkili markerler üzerine etkileri

Abstract Objective: The relationship between exercise and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, insulin resistance, and obesity is a new field of research. To our knowledge, there are no studies examining the effects of walking exercises on ER stress related markers and insulin resistance in pre-menopausal women. To examine the effect of two different eight-week walking programs on the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Fetuin-A (α2 - Heremans Schmid glycoprotein), c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1 (JNK-1) and retinol- binding protein-4 (RBP-4), the related markers of ER stress and insulin resistance in pre-menopausal women. Methods: Exercise groups (moderate tempo walking group; MTWG; n=11; brisk walking group BWG; n=12) walked five days a week, starting from 30 minutes, gradually increasing up to 51 minutes. BWG walked at ~70-75% and MTWG at ~50-55 of HRRmax. Body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (%), VO2max, serum TNF-α, Fetuin-A, JNK-1, RPB-4, blood lipids, and insulin resistance levels were determined before and after the intervention. Results: VO2max increased in both exercise groups favoring BWG; RBP-4 decreased in both exercise groups (p&lt;0.05). Serum TNF-α and, TG (p&lt;0.05), BMI and percent body fat (p&lt;0.01), and insulin levels reduced significantly in BWG (p&lt;0.05). The reductions observed in both exercise groups in insulin resistance, and the increases determined in the negative levels of JNK-1 in BWG may be clinically important. Conclusion: Both type of walking resulted in similar positive effects on RBP-4. The reduction observed in TNF-α, RBP-4, and the increases in the negative levels of JNK-1 in BWG show the positive effects of brisk walking on ER stress. The reduction in insulin resistance in relation to the possible reductions in ER stress and apoptosis in BWG may be more effective to prevent metabolic diseases.

The Effect of Walking Exercise on Fitness and Metabolic Abnormal Factors in Patients with Schizophrenia

The increase in developing obesity and metabolic syndrome becomes another burden in patients with schizophrenia who took antipsychotics. Exercise and lifestyle modification are suggested as effective and primary management for the chronic diseases. Walking is a feasible lifestyle activity but ceiling effect due to a relative low intensity is challenged. PURPOSE:To compare the effect of different walking exercises on fitness and metabolic abnormal factors in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS:Fifty-six admitted patients, meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and having antipsychotic-treated under stable medical condition, were recruited and divided into three groups: walking prescription group (Wp, set target speed and distance based on individual fitness level, n=22), free walking group (Wf, encouraged to walk 30 minutes per day, n=20) and control group (C, n=14). Physical fitness (e.g. step physical fitness index and leg strength) and metabolic factors (e.g. waist girth, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and lipids) were assessed before and after 6-month intervention. Basic data and clinical features were also investigated. RESULTS:After adjusting for age, sex and baseline values, Wp got significantly improvement on muscular fitness of abdominal muscle endurance and leg strength after 6-month intervention. While subjects in both Wf and C got little improvement or regressed on muscular fitness. Metabolic factors were not significantly different among three groups on pre- and post 6-month intervention. The change of step physical fitness index, however, significantly correlated to the change of triglycerides after 6-month intervention (Pearson’s r=-0.57, p<0.001). A negative correlation was also found between the change of abdominal muscle endurance and the change of systolic blood pressure (Pearson’s r=-0.32, p=0.039). CONCLUSIONS:Walking exercise by setting a route with prescribed distance and slope individually for 5 days a week is feasible and more effective for patients with schizophrenia.

Effects of Single Bouts of Walking Exercise and Yoga on Acute Mood Symptoms in People with Multiple Sclerosis.

Little is known about the acute or immediate effects of walking exercise and yoga on mood in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Such an examination is important for identifying an exercise modality for inclusion in exercise-training interventions that yields mood benefits in MS. We examined the effects of single bouts of treadmill walking and yoga compared with a quiet, seated-rest control condition on acute mood symptoms in MS. Twenty-four participants with MS completed 20 minutes of treadmill walking, yoga, or quiet rest in a randomized, counterbalanced order with 1 week between sessions. Participants completed the Profile of Mood States questionnaire before and immediately after each condition. Total mood disturbance (TMD) and the six subscales of the Profile of Mood States were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and paired-samples t tests. There was a significant condition × time interaction on TMD scores (ηp (2) = 0.13). Walking and yoga conditions yielded comparable reductions in TMD scores. There was a significant condition × time interaction on vigor (ηp (2) = 0.23) whereby walking but not yoga yielded an improvement in vigor. There was a significant main effect of time on anger, confusion, depression, and tension (P < .05) but not on fatigue. Walking and yoga yielded similar improvements in overall acute mood symptoms, and walking improved feelings of vigor. These effects should be further investigated in long-term exercise-training studies.

Effect of Walking Exercise in Forest on the Concentrations of β-endorphin and Norepinephrine

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of 12 weeks walking exercise in forest on the concentrations of β-endorphin and norepinephrine. Walking in forest was executed three times per week for 12 weeks. A total of 30 female participants (mean age of 30-35 years) participated in this study. To analyse collected data, paired t-test was performed using SPSS. The outcomes are stated as the mean and standard deviation. The significance level was set at p .05. In results, the concentrations of β-endorphin and norepinephrine were significantly increased after walking exercise in forest. In conclusions, walking exercise in forest may help to improve the concentrations of β-endorphin and norepinephrine and it may lead to increase the physical health.

주부의 걷기운동 참여가 융복합차원에서 자아존중감과 스트레스 및 우울증개선에 미치는 영향

Abstract This study aims to investigate the effect of walking exercise on the improvement of housewives' Self-esteem, Stress, or Depression. Among 35-45 year-old housewives 24 subjects were divided into experimental and control groups of 12. Total of 45 experiments on walking exercise program were conducted three times a week, for 15 weeks, lasted over 30 min to 10,000 steps. The result is as follows. About the improvement of Self-esteem, Stress, Depression, there was significant difference of not only the main effect between the groups but also the main effect between prior and post. And there was significant difference of the interaction effects between groups and periods. From the results, we can know walking exercise have a positive effect on the improvement of Self-esteem, Stress, or Depression for housewives of no sustained exercise. As regular physical activity, regarding convergence, is good for emotional development, we suggest housewives may have to join in physical activities consistently.

Effect of walking exercise on abdominal fat, insulin resistance and serum cytokines in obese women.

[Purpose]The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of 12-week walking exercise on abdominal fat, insulin resistance and serum cytokines in obese women.[Methods]Following baseline measurements, obese women (N = 20) who met obesity criterion of BMI at 25 kg/m2 or greater were randomly assigned to the control (n = 10) or exercise groups (n = 10). Women assigned to the exercise group participated in a walking exercise (with an intensity of 50-60% of predetermined VO2max, a frequency of 3 days per week and duration of 50-70 minutes targeting 400 kcal of energy expenditure per session) for 12 weeks, while women assigned to the control group maintained their sedentary lifestyle. After the 12-week walking intervention, post-test measurements were conducted using the same procedure as the baseline measurement. Analyses of variance with repeated measures were used to evaluate any significant time by group interactions for the measured variables.[Results]With respect to body fat parameters, significant time-by-group interactions were found in the abdominal subcutaneous (p = < 0.001) and visceral adipose tissues (p = 0.011). The exercise group had significant reductions in both subcutaneous and visceral adiposity, and the control group had no significant changes in those parameters. Similarly, there were significant time by group interactions in fasting glucose (p = 0.008), HOMA-IR (p = 0.029), serum TNF-α (p = 0.027), and IL-6 (p = 0.048) such that the exercise group had significant reductions in those parameters, with no such significant changes found in the control group. The exercise group also had a significant increase in serum adiponectin (p = 0.002), whereas the control group had no significant change in the parameter.[Conclusion]In summary, the current findings suggest that walking exercise can provide a safe and effective lifestyle strategy against abdominal obesity and serum insulin resistance markers in obese women.