Effects Of Various Storage Conditions Research Articles

Assessing kiwifruit quality in storage through machine learning

AbstractToday, diets rich in fruits and vegetables are highly recommended since they contribute to health. The high deterioration rate of fruits distinguishes them from other crops. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of various storage conditions on some quality attributes of kiwifruit through machine learning (ML) using support vector machine (SVM) models. Kiwifruits were subjected to quasi‐static loading and coated with different coatings, such as grape, date, and mulberry syrups. Then, the coated kiwifruits were stored at humidity levels of 90% and 95% in completely dark and bright environments with a Compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) bulb for 5, 10, and 15 days. Once the storage period had been completed, quality attributes of the kiwifruit, including antioxidant content, phenolic content, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, and firmness were measured. Each test was performed three times. The numerical results were analyzed through an ML approach using an SVM model on MATLAB. To predict the physical properties of kiwifruit using storage conditions and vice versa, it was found that the most accurate SVM model with a linear kernel predicted the weight loss of kiwifruit based on storage conditions, with the coefficient of determination (R2) being 0.54. To predict the biochemical properties using the storage conditions and vice versa, it was found that kiwifruit firmness was most accurately predicted by the SVM model with the Gaussian kernel, with an R2 of 0.70. Moreover, humidity and storage duration were modeled by SVMs with linear kernels, calculating the coefficients of determination to be 0.39 and 0.90, respectively. To predict biochemical properties using physical properties and vice versa, it was observed that the weight loss was more accurately predicted by an SVM with a linear kernel, with an R2‐value of 0.76. Reliable results were not obtained for further research for the other modeled parameters using an SVM approach.Practical ApplicationsIt was found that light was most accurately predicted by the linear SVM. Storage conditions revealed SVM (linear kernel) accurately predicting kiwifruit weight loss. Linear and Gaussian SVMs accurately modeled phenolic and antioxidant content, R2‐values: 0.73 and 0.34, respectively.

Levels of Phthalate Acid Esters in Carbonated Soft Drinks Bottled in Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Bottles Kept under Various Storage Conditions in Mwanza City, Tanzania

Background: Carbonated soft drinks (CSD), packaged in PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles, are among the most widely consumed non-alcoholic beverage globally. People of all ages enjoy CSDs for their flavour, mouthfeel, crispness, freshness, and capacity to both quench thirst and provide mental refreshment. Terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, and other additives such as phthalates are the materials used to make these PET bottles. Several studies have demonstrated that phthalates may migrate into packaged goods and, when consumed, can cause several ill-health conditions to humans. Type II diabetes, obesity, asthma, male and female reproductive disorders, tumours (including breast cancer), pituitary, hypothalamic, and peripheral hormone disorders, behavioral issues, and neurodevelopmental disorders are among the health issues reported to be associated with phthalates. Objective: This study aimed to ascertain the presence and concentration of phthalates in PET bottled carbonated soft drinks produced in Mwanza City, and to examine the effects of various storage conditions on the migration of these contaminants into the product. Methods: Liquid-liquid extraction, clean-up techniques, and chromatographic analysis were used as the methods of determination to identify and quantify the specific phthalates compounds. Results: The findings demonstrated that after being stored outdoors for four to six months, the migration, especially for dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di [2-ethylhexyl] phthalate (DEHP), became more apparent. After two, four, and six months of indoor storage, there was no appreciable change in the mean concentrations of DMP (dimethyl phthalate), DEP (diethyl phthalate), DBP (dibutyl phthalate), and DEHP for either brand in this study. Compared to indoor storage, the DBP and DEHP migration increased by up to 24-fold when the two brands were kept outdoors for four and six months. Thus, the safety and quality of carbonated soft drinks were seriously compromised by the phthalate compounds from the PET bottles that these companies were using. Conclusion: The study's conclusions show that PET packaging, which is influenced by the bottle manufacturing process and raw material formulations for packages of the studied CSDs, are responsible for the migration of phthalates into the products. The storage conditions and time are established to be the primary causes of phthalates migration in bottled carbonated soft drinks. Though the migration figures in this study are lower than those of the other studies from different locations that were compared, it is important to remember that these compounds may interfere with hormones even in small quantities.

Nutritional quality of selected commercially available seed oils and effect of storage conditions on their oxidative stability.

The primary objective of this research was to investigate nutritional composition of soybean, canola, cottonseed, palm and rapeseed oils under and the effect of storage conditions on their oxidative stability. Nutritional quality of selected seed oils was determined in term of fatty acids, tocopherols and tocotrienols compositions, total phenolic, total flavonoids and mineral contents. High resolution gas chromatography (HR-GC) analysis showed the presence of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids having range from 9.21-43.25, 27.01-58.87 and 29.23-57.75 g/100g, respectively in all the oils. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that γ-tocopherol was the major tocopherol followed by α-tocopherol in most of the oils. Spectrophotometric analysis showed that the total phenolic contents were 2.84-14.44 mg/g of oil, measured as gallic acid equivalent and total flavonoid contents were 0.44-1.56 mg/g of oil, measure as quercetin equivalent. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer analysis revealed that Mg, Fe and Mn were present in higher concentration ranging from 57.14-114.85, 126.87-460.06 and 106.85-538.39 μg/ml respectively. For study the effect of various storage conditions on the oxidation parameters, free fatty acid, peroxide value, para-anisidine value, conjugated dienes and trienes values were determined and ranging from 0.48-1.65, 10.65-40.15 meq/kg, 9.98-33.30, 8.74-28.41 and 3.86-15.02, respectively after 90 days storage. Statistical analysis revealed that various storage conditions exerted significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect on the oxidative stability of selected oils to different extent.

Assessment of changes in product quality and antioxidant activity of dried soursop (Annona muricata L.) during product storage

Innovations for product preservation have attracted interest as they may increase the shelf-life of items when stored properly. In this study, the effects of various storage conditions, including four types of packaging (paper packaging, paper combined PE packaging, aluminum combined PE packaging, and plastic jar packaging) and temperatures (5, 15, 30, and 45 °C) on the quality of dried soursop were evaluated.The results demonstrated that the combination of plastic jar packaging and a storage temperature of 15 °Cretained a significant portion of the initial total ascorbic acid content, total polyphenol content, and total flavonoid content. After four weeks of storage, the dried soursop preserve packaged in a plastic jar and stored at 15 °C exhibited a moisture content of 22.977 ± 0.093 %, total ascorbic acid content of 9.7 ± 0.46 mg/100gDW, total polyphenol content of 8.12 ± 0.06 mgGAE/gDW, total flavonoid content of 0.18 ± 0.02 mgQE/gDW, DPPH and ABTSscavenging activity of 0.69 ± 0.01 mgAA/gDW and 0.82 ± 0.01 mgAA/gDW, respectively. Moreover, the product meets the requirements of decision 46/2007/QD-BYT regulating the limits on biological and chemical contamination in food.The study offers valuable insights for the food industry in optimizing packaging and storage conditions to ensure the storage of quality and health-beneficial properties of this product.

Characterization of the Bacterial Communities in Cichorium intybus According to Cultivation and Storage Conditions.

Chicory leaves (Cichorium intybus) are widely consumed due to their health benefits. They are mainly consumed raw or without adequate washing, which has led to an increase in food-borne illness. This study investigated the taxonomic composition and diversity of chicory leaves collected at different sampling times and sites. The potential pathogenic genera (Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Staphylococcus, Escherichia, and Bacillus) were identified on the chicory leaves. We also evaluated the effects of various storage conditions (enterohemorrhagic E. coli contamination, washing treatment, and temperature) on the chicory leaves' microbiota. These results provide an understanding of the microbiota in chicory and could be used to prevent food-borne illnesses.

The influence of storage conditions on fingermarks developed with 1,2-indanedione-ZnCl

The most important class of reagents for the enhancement of fingermarks on porous surfaces are those that react with the amino acid constituents of fingermarks. Ninhydrin, DFO (1,8-diazafluoren-9-one), and 1,2-indanedione are the three most common techniques widely known in forensic laboratories for the visualization of latent fingermarks on porous surfaces. In 2012 the Netherlands Forensic Institute replaced DFO by 1,2-indanedione-ZnCl after an internal validation, just like an increasing numbers of laboratories. In 2003, Gardner et al. published an article showing that fingermarks treated with 1,2-indanedione (without ZnCl), that were stored in daylight only decreased by 20% in fluorescence in 28 days. However, during casework we observed that the fluorescence of fingermarks treated with 1,2-indanedione with ZnCl decreased more rapidly. In this study, the effect of various storage conditions and aging times on the fluorescence of marks after treatment with 1,2-indanedione-ZnCl were assessed. Latent printed fingermarks from the digital matrix printer (DMP) and natural fingermarks from a known donor were used. The results showed that storing fingermarks in daylight (wrapped and un-wrapped) drastically decrease (over 60% loss) in fluorescence in approximately three weeks. Storage of the marks in a dark environment (at room temperature, in the refrigerator or even in the freezer) resulted in a decrease in fluorescence of less than 40%. Our recommendation is to always store treated fingermarks with 1,2-indanedione-ZnCl in a dark environment and, if possible, photographing them directly (within 1–2 days after treatment) to minimize the decrease of fluorescence.

Application of Near Infrared Spectroscopy to Monitor the Quality Change of Sour Cherry Stored under Modified Atmosphere Conditions.

Determining and applying ‘good’ postharvest and quality control practices for otherwise highly sensitive fruits, such as sour cherry, is critical, as they serve as excellent media for a wide variety of microbial contaminants. The objective of this research was to report two series of experiments on the modified atmosphere storage (MAP) of sour cherries (Prunus cerasus L. var. Kántorjánosi, Újfehértói fürtös). Firstly, the significant effect of different washing pre-treatments on various quality indices was examined (i.e., headspace gas composition, weight loss, decay rate, color, firmness, soluble solid content, total plate count) in MAP-packed fruits. Subsequently, the applicability of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was investigated to detect the effect of various storage conditions (packed as control or MAP, stored at 3 or 5 °C) on sour cherries of different perceived ripeness. Significant differences were found for oxygen concentration when two perforations were applied on the packages of ‘Kántorjánosi’ (p < 0.01); weight loss when ‘Kánorjánosi’ (p < 0.001) and ‘Újfehértói fürtös’ (p < 0.01) were packed in MAP; SSC when ‘Újfehértói fürtös’ samples were ozone-treated (p < 0.05); and total plate count when ‘Kántorjánosi’ samples were ozone-treated (p < 0.01). The difference spectra reflected the high variability in the samples, and the detectable effects of different packaging. Based on the investigations with the soft independent modelling of class analogies (SIMCA), different packaging and storage resulted in significant differences in most of the cases even on the first storage day, which in many cases increased by the end of storage. The soft independent modelling of class analogies proved to be suitable for classification with apparent error rates between 0 and 0.5 during prediction regardless of ripeness. The research findings suggest the further correlation of NIR spectroscopic and reference parameters to support postharvest handling and fast quality control.

Soil sample storage conditions impact extracellular enzyme activity and bacterial amplicon diversity metrics in a semi-arid ecosystem

The analysis of microbiological and metabolic features of soils is an important aspect of soil ecology, but the results can be heavily impacted by sample storage conditions. Inconsistencies in storage methods and length of storage across studies reduce the ability to accurately collect field-based measures and compare results between projects. In this study, we examined the effects of various storage conditions and storage time on results of subsequent bacterial 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and on activities of extracellular enzymes, using soil samples collected from three different land use types (annual cropping system, native rangeland, and riparian forest) in a semi-arid region of the Canadian Prairies. We found that when comparing enzyme activities and bacterial communities across different land use types, storage conditions may not have a significant impact. However, storage conditions were found to be important within a single land use type. Air-drying of soil samples caused significant shifts in enzyme activity and β-diversity from the controls. Storage at −80 °C was best for maintaining consistent enzyme activity and microbial α- and β-diversity compared to controls (i.e., freshly collected soil) across all three land use types and storage times. The results from this study provide useful information about the impact of sample storage conditions for researchers in similar climates and encourage further consideration and discussion of the impacts of sample storage, as well as the reporting of storage conditions used in future studies.

Effects of various storage conditions on total phenolic, carotenoids, antioxidant capacity, and color of dried apricots

The effects of different temperatures (4, 15, 25, and 35 °C), package (vacuum and normal pressure) and light/dark conditions on the quality changes of dried apricots during storage for 6 months were investigated. Total carotenoids, total phenolics, and color values (L*, a*, and b*) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased with increase of storage temperature, especially at temperatures higher than 25 °C. While, the antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP) decreased as the temperature increased from 4 to 25 °C, however, both of them increased when the temperature further increased to 35 °C. The vacuum package and dark storage protected the carotenoids from degradation and color deterioration, but had no significant (p > 0.05) effect on the retention of phenolics and antioxidant capacity. Weibull model could accurately predict the total carotenoids and color changes. The results suggest that dried apricots should be vacuum-packed and stored in dark at less than 25 °C on account of quality and stability.

EFFECT OF VARIOUS STORAGE CONDITIONS ON THE NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES OF SOME CUCURBITS

Cucurbits belonging to family Cucurbitaceae or the gourd family of flowering plants, are very important nutritionally. After harvest, storing of these cucurbits in optimal conditions is important to ensure that the nutrients are not lost. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to study the effect of various storage conditions on the nutrient content of three most commonly growing and easily available cucurbits, Cucumis sativus L. (Cucumber), Momordica charantia L. (Bitter gourd) and Luffa acutangula L. (Shiradi, Luffa). It was observed that protein content, vitamin C, iron and crude fiber content in all the cucurbits studied showed a gradual reduction with increase in days of storage. Temperature of storage 0 was also found to be an important factor for the nutrients to be maintained in Cucurbits. Storage at 15 C was found to be 0 better as the decrease in nutrients was found to be minimum when the fruits were stored at 15 C compared to storage at 0 room temperature and 5 C

Effect of various storage conditions and calcium treatments on physico-chemical properties of peach (Prunus persica) cv. Shan-e-Punjab

Peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) fruits of cv. Shan-e-Punjab were treated with various concentrations of CaCl2 (2,4 and 6%), packed in poly bags and stored at 3+2 °C and 85–90% RH for 24 days followed by storage at ambient conditions (28 to 30 °C, 65–70% RH) for 6 days. The results showed that fruits treated with CaCl2 (6%) reduced the physiological loss in weight (PLW) and maintained fruit firmness, acidity, TSS content and ascorbic acid activity during storage. The fruits stored under refrigerated conditions showed maximum PLW of 9.13 per cent in untreated fruits while it was minimum 6.22% in fruits treated with 6% CaCl2 on 24thday of storage. The fruits treated with 6% CaCl2 showed maximum firmness (13.28 lb/inch2), acidity (0.71 %) and ascorbic acid (3.58 mg/100 g) content on 24th day under refrigerated conditions. Thus, 6 % CaCl2 was found to be the best as it showed minimum PLW and maximum firmness and ascorbic acid under both ambient and refrigerated conditions.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF SPUTUM STORAGE CONDITIONS ON THE VITAL PROPERTIES OF TUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA

Goal of the study: to enhance efficiency of laboratory diagnostics of tuberculous infection through investigating the effect of various storage conditions of samples on the growth properties of Tuberculosis complex mycobacteria. Materials and Methods. 2058 samples of sputum collected by coughing were examined. All sputum samples were aliquoted into 5 parts stored under various conditions: in the fridge under +7°С for 2 hours; frozen for 7 days; by room indoor temperature for 48-72 hours; with the use preservative 10% solution of triple-substituted natrium phosphate for 48 hours; in the fridge under +7°С for 2 hours with consequent treatment by 1% solution of N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Results. The most optimal sputum storage conditions are freezing by -20°С, providing maximum safety of mycobacteria and minimum contamination of the samples with foreign bacteria. Sputum storage by indoor room temperature for 2-3 days reduces the number of positive results of cultures on nutritive media. Using 10% solution of triple-substituted natrium phosphate provides high positive results of bacterioscopic and cultural testing techniques. Time prolongation for biomaterials storage in the preservative solution for more than 72 hours results in the death tuberculous mycobacteria.

Investigation on the Effect of Various Storage Conditions on the Quality of Two Upland Varieties

Investigation on the Effect of Various Storage Conditions on the Quality of Two Upland Varieties

0533 Effect of various storage conditions on the stability of Sulphonamides in raw milk

0533 Effect of various storage conditions on the stability of Sulphonamides in raw milk

Effect of various storage conditions on the stability of quinolones in raw milk

ABSTRACTResearch on the storage stability of antibiotic residues in milk is important for method development or validation, milk quality control and risk assessment during screening, confirmation, qualitative or quantitative analysis. This study was conducted using UPLC-MS/MS to determine the stability of six quinolones – ciprofloxacin (CIP), danofloxacin (DAN), enrofloxacin (ENR), sarafloxacin (SAR), difloxacin (DIF) and flumequine (FLU) – in raw milk stored under various conditions to investigate if quinolones degrade during storage of milk, and finally to determine optimal storage conditions for analysis and scientific risk assessment of quinolone residues in raw milk. The storage conditions included different temperatures and durations (4°C for 4, 8, 24 and 48 h; –20°C for 1, 7 and 30 days; –80°C for 1, 7 and 30 days), thawing temperatures (25, 40 and 60°C), freeze–thaw cycles (1–5), and the addition of different preservatives (sodium thiocyanate, sodium azide, potassium dichromate, bronopol and methanal). Most quinolones exhibited high stability at 4°C for up to 24 h, but began to degrade after 48 h. In addition, no degradation of quinolones was seen when milk samples were stored at –20°C for up to 7 days; however, 30 days of storage at –20°C resulted in a small amount of degradation (about 30%). Similar results were seen when samples were stored at –80°C. Moreover, no losses were observed when frozen milk samples were thawed at 25, 40 or 60°C. All the quinolones of interest, except sarafloxacin, were stable when milk samples were thawed at 40°C once and three times, but unstable after five freeze–thaw cycles. Preservatives affected the stability of quinolones, but the effects differed depending on the preservative and quinolone. The results of this study indicate optimum storage protocols for milk samples, so that residue levels reflect those at the time of initial sample analysis, and should improve surveillance programmes for quinolones in raw milk.

Effect of storage conditions on Moringa oleifera Lam. seed oil: Biodiesel feedstock quality

Moringa seed oil is known as Ben oil. Recently research by several authors illustrated the potential use of Ben oil for biodiesel production. Oil quality is directly related to the physiological condition of the seeds from which it is extracted. Oil extracted from damaged and deteriorated seed can compromise fuel quality. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of various storage conditions and—duration on Moringa oleifera seed oil quantity and quality as a potential source of biodiesel. Firstly, oil was extracted from fresh seeds and stored in dark bottles at room temperature. Secondly, Seeds were stored following a factorial 2×4×3 experiment with two types of containers (paper and aluminium bags), four temperatures (−19, 4, 20 and 30°C) and three storage periods (6, 12 and 24 months). From the experimental results, it was observed that the oil content of moringa seed did not change significantly (p<0.05) after 12 months of storage but decrease significantly in seed stored at 4°C in paper bags and those at 20° and 30°C in aluminium bags at 24 months. The free fatty acid increased significantly (p<0.05) after 12 months at all storage conditions and continued to increase above the recommended value (2%) for biodiesel parent oil at 24 months, except for that of seed stored at −19°C in aluminium bags. The density of moringa seed oil remained unchanged throughout storage. The viscosity of oil extracted from seed stored in paper bags at −19°C and that of the oil stored in dark bottle at room temperature decreased significantly at 24 months. Based on these results, moringa seed can be stored at any of the applied conditions for six months, but if they are stored beyond this period, the use of low temperature such as −19°C and 4°C and sealed containers are recommended. It is not advisable to store the extracted oil for more than 6 months.

Effects of storage conditions on forensic examinations of blood samples and bloodstains stored for 20years

The effects of various storage conditions on blood identification tests, DNA degradation, and short tandem repeat (STR) typing were evaluated. Bloodstains stored at room temperature, 4 °C, -20 °C, and -80 °C for 20 years; blood samples stored at -20 °C and -80 °C for 20 years; and fresh blood samples were analyzed. Leuco-malachite-green testing, anti-human hemoglobin (Hb) testing (using immunochromatography), and tests for hemoglobin-beta (HBB) mRNA were performed as blood identification tests. DNA degradation was evaluated by quantifying the ratios of 305 and 129 base pair (bp) fragments to 41 bp fragments. STR typing was performed using an AmpFlSTR® Identifiler™ Plus PCR Amplification Kit. All samples were positive in leuco-malachite-green staining and anti-human Hb assays. HBB was not detected in blood samples stored at -20 °C or -80 °C, although this marker was detected in all bloodstains. As indicated by the ratio of 129:41 bp and 305:41 bp DNA fragments, DNA from bloodstains stored at room temperature or 4 °C were significantly degraded compared to DNA from all other samples. STR typing analyses revealed that a portion of the loci was undetected in bloodstains stored at room temperature. Therefore, to prevent DNA degradation during long-term storage, it is recommended that bloodstains and blood be stored at below -20 °C. In addition, because bloodstains are more suitable for detection of blood-specific mRNAs than blood sample, it is desirable that blood is stored as bloodstain for this method.

Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) essential oil is affected by short-and long-term handling

Damask rose cultivated for essential oil production mainly used in perfume industry. Due to the highly perishable flowers, post-harvest handling of the flowers prior to oil extraction would be considered as a key point in rose essential oil production. Evaluating the effects of various storage conditions on the yield and quality of the Damask rose essential oil (EO), the petals were stored under three conditions included packaging in LDPE and poly-film PET/EVOH/LDPE bags and immersing inside the water containers at room temperature (RT) or refrigerator (4°C) for 1–3 days (short-term storage). Throughout the prolonged handling (for 7, 14 and 21 days), packed petals using the PET/EVOH/LDPE bags were evaluated under frozen, active and passive MAP as well as RT conditions. Essential oils produced by hydrodistillation were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Petal storage using the poly-film bags at RT for 1 day and also water handling at 4°C for 2–3 days exhibited the higher EO content and quality, with the yields of approximately the same, 19% and 23% (v/w) higher oil, respectively, relative to those from unstored petals. Moreover, frozen-stored petals qualified for the higher content and better characteristics of the oil for all the durations of the prolonged storage. The results provide a reference material for interested groups such as producers, consumers who are concerned about rose oil production.

Effects of storage conditions on the fatty acid composition of the butter of tallow tree (&lt;i&gt;Pentadesma butyracea&lt;/i&gt;)

Objective: In this study, the effect of various storage conditions of the kernel of P. butyracea on the fatty acid profile of the derived butter was evaluated.Methodology and results: An experimental design was set up to assess the effects of kernel boiling, the packaging material and the storage duration on the kernel butter yield and water activity; and on the fatty acid composition of derived butter. The fatty acid composition of the butter varied significantly according to the storage conditions of the kernels. The palmitic, stearic and linoleic acids content of the butter tend to increase because of the storage duration while the oleic acid decreases during storage.Conclusions and Application of results: The kernels dried without boiling, stored in jute bag for a duration of less than 6 months provided a butter with optimum yield and less modifications in its fatty acid composition. Pentadesma butyracea butter from kernels stored in jute bags maintains its physicochemical quality, thus these packaging materials should be recommended.Key words: Pentadesma butyracea, oil seed, storage, butter, fatty acid

Survival and growth of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in membrane-processed liquid egg white with pH, temperature, and storage conditions as controlling factors.

Processing temperature and pH are known to influence the lethality and cell injury in many microbial interventions. A study was undertaken to determine the effects of variations in solution pH and process temperature on the removal and growth of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in liquid egg white (LEW) by microfiltration (MF) membrane process. The effects of various storage conditions on the growth of Salmonella in membrane-separated LEW were evaluated. Pretreated and pH-adjusted (pH 6 to pH 9) LEW was inoculated with a five-strain composite of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis at ca. 7 log CFU/ml, microfiltered at 25 or 40°C, and stored at 4 or 10°C. Temperature had a greater influence on Salmonella reduction than did pH. The maximum reduction of Salmonella and background microflora in LEW by MF was observed at 40°C and pH 8 and 9. However, the influence of temperature on permeate flow was less than that of pH. The mean permeate flow increased by 180% at 25°C as the pH decreased from 9 to 6, while flow increased merely by 18% at pH 6 as temperature increased from 25 to 40°C. Salmonella populations in processed LEW at 4°C storage remained quite stable (0.01 to 0.55 log CFU/ml), irrespective of MF experimental conditions. At 10°C the population was greater, but no major outgrowth was observed. Findings from this study would be advantageous to liquid egg processing industries.