Effect Of Tool Material Research Articles

Effect of Tool Materials on Dynamic Friction Characteristics and Microstructural Evolution at Elevated Temperature in Extruded AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

The effect of the coating materials of the tools on the dynamic friction characteristics and microstructural evolution with straining was investigated by the ring-typed compressive test at a temperature of 473 K and at a strain rate of 10 � 2 s � 1 in the extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy with an average grain size of 15 mm. The values of the dynamically recrystallized grain size in the samples compressed up to about 45% by using the WC-Co tools with and without the DLC coating were 3.8 mm and 4.8 mm, respectively. The dominant deformation mechanism under all the testing condition for the present alloy was the climb-controlled dislocation creep. The dynamic friction coefficient, m value, for the sample compressed by the WC-Co tool was higher than that done by the DLC tool, even if though there was identical tendency in stress level. The integration degree of the grains within 10 degree from h0001i direction to compressive axis in the sample compressed by the WC-Co tool was larger than that done by the DLC tool. It was concluded that the higher m value could enhance an alignment of the planes perpendicular to the compressive direction to the basal plane even if under same testing condition. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.MBW200914]

Effect of Tool Materials on Tensile Properties of Friction Stir Welded AZ31B Magnesium Alloy

Effect of Tool Materials on Tensile Properties of Friction Stir Welded AZ31B Magnesium Alloy

Effects of tool material, tool topography and minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) on machining performance of compacted graphite iron (CGI)

This paper addresses the tribological challenges involved in the machining of compacted graphite iron (CGI) through an investigation of the effects of tool material, local tool surface topography and minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) on machining performance. Turning experiments were undertaken using four different tools (flat coated carbide, grooved coated carbide, grooved coated cermet and chamfered ceramic) under dry and MQL conditions. The tests were conducted at two different cutting speed conditions with a constant feed and depth of cut. Results reveal that at low speed, the cermet tool provides a significant reduction in cutting forces in comparison to coated carbide. Cutting forces show an increase with the usage of MQL at high speed, suggesting a negative influence of the cutting fluid on CGI machining performance. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis of the tested tools reveal the absence of MnS layer on tools used for CGI machining, thereby reconfirming the findings by other researchers.

The effect of tool material on machinability in high-speed cutting of an aluminum alloy

The effect of tool material on machinability in high-speed cutting of an aluminum alloy

The impact of tool material and cutting parameters on the machinability of the supermet 718 nickel-base superalloy

The objective of the present work, is to assess the effect of tool material and cutting parameters on the machinability of the supermet 718 nickel-base superalloy, under dry cutting conditions and a constant nose radius (0.5 mm). The tool materials used were the ceramic (Sandvik CC680) and the CBN (Sandvik CB50) inserts. These variables were investigated using a 2k factorial design. The present work demonstrates a favorable effect for ceramic inserts on machinability, when compared with CBN inserts. The work also showed that the feed rate has the dominant effect among the parameters studied on machinability, irrespective of the tool material used.

High speed machining of moulds and dies for net shape manufacture

High speed machining (HSM) generally refers to end milling or ball nose end milling at high rotational speeds (10 000–100 000 rev./min). The paper initially reviews the development and application of HSM for the manufacture of hardened moulds and dies. Following on from this, experimental work is detailed relating to the use of indexable insert ball nose end mills to machine hardened (∼52 HRC) AISI H13 hot work tool steel. Tool wear, workpiece surface roughness and cutting force data are presented. The effects of tool material (TiCN and TiAlCrYN coated carbide and uncoated cermet) and cutting speed (150–350 m/min) were investigated using a full factorial experiment incorporating test replications. Limited performance data for solid carbide tooling are also presented. The use of indexable insert cutters, generally resulted in lower tool life values (approx. 50% length cut at a cutting speed of 250 m/min) compared to equivalent solid carbide. The highest tool life values were obtained with TiCN coated inserts and TiAlN coated solid carbide cutters. Workpiece surface roughness was typically 1–4 μm R a , with slightly lower values for insert cutters. Cutting forces were relatively high (up to ∼1300 N) with the indexable cutters, as a result of a relatively large axial depth of cut (1 mm), a negative rake angle (−10°) and a blunt insert edge condition.

The Impact of Tool Material and Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness of a Nickel-Base Superalloy

The objective of the present work, is to assess the effect of tool material and cutting parameters on surface roughness of the supermet 718 Nickel-base superalloy, under dry cutting conditions and a constant nose radius (0.5 mm). The parameters investigated are cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut and tool material. The tool materials used were the ceramic (Sandvik CC 680) and the CBN (Sandvik CB 50) inserts. These variables were investigated using a 2k factorial design. The present work demonstrates a favorable effect for ceramic inserts on surface roughness, when compared with CBN inserts. The work also, showed that the feed rate has the dominant effect among the parameters studied on the surface roughness, irrespective of the tool material used.

Machinability of cast and powder-formed aluminum alloys reinforced with SiC particles

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) have been increasedly used in the industries because of their improved properties over those of non-reinforced alloys. High hardness silicon carbide (SiC) particles are commonly used to reinforce the aluminum alloys, but the full application of such MMCs is however cost sensitive because of the high machining cost. This study investigates the machinability of cast and powder-formed aluminum alloys reinforced with SiC particles. Models for tool wear are validated, while the effect of tool materials, particle distribution, and sub-surface damage are studied and compared.Roughing with uncoated tungsten carbide inserts then finishing with polycrystalline diamond tools is the most economical route to machine SiC reinforced MMCs. The cast MMC exhibits higher machinability than that of the powder-formed MMC mainly because of the favourable shape and distribution of the particles, but weakly because of the fabricating processes. Regardless of the cutting tool materials used for machining, cracked SiC particles and debonded matrix-reinforcement interface were found underneath a machined surface. Such machine-induced defects could be a concern when using the MMCs in a critical application.

Burnishing process using a rotating ball-tool — effect of tool material on the burnishing process

The cylindrical, machined surface of a steel bar was burnished under a rolling contact using a lathe and using a ball as a tool, i.e. a ball-tool; the ball-tool was rotated by the drive of the workpiece mounted on the lathe. To investigate the effect of the tool material on the burnishing process, five types of ball-tools, i.e. cemented carbide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, alumina ceramic, and bearing steel were used. The burnishing force pressing the ball-tool against the workpiece ranged from 5 to 170 N and the burnishing speed was 100 m min −1. Although the burnishing (or running) distance was usually short, less than 100 m, the influence of the burnishing distance on the burnishing process was also examined by long-distance burnishing processes, continuously extending over a distance of up to 760 m. The cemented carbide ball-tool accomplished the best results among all types of ball-tools used; it produced the smoothest surface and its own surface was hardly damaged after use for long-distance burnishing. The silicon nitride ceramic ball-tool also produced a smooth surface. Neither, the silicon carbide nor the alumina ceramic ball-tool gave satisfactory results.

Effect of tool materials on surface machined roughness and cutting force of low-carbon resulfurized free-machining steels.

This study examined the effects of ceramic tool materials on the surface roughness and cutting force when low-carbon resulfurized free-machining steels were plunge-machined. The Tool materials used for the study were 9 kinds in total; 7 kinds ceramics-TiN, TiC, HfO2, ZrN, Al2O3, ZrO2 and La2O3-and a high-speed steel (Fe3C) and a cemented carbide (WC+Co).(1) Surface roughness and cutting force are the smallest in the ZrO2 tool, increasing in the order of TiN, ZrN, Al2O3, TiC, HfO2, WC+Co, La2O3 and Fe3C tools.(2) ZrO2, TiN, ZrN and Al2O3 tend to adhere selectively to manganese sulfide inclusions in steels, resulting in the formation of MnS films over the rake face of tools. On the other hand, HfO2, WC+Co, Fe3C and La2O3 tend to adhere selectively to the ferrite phase, forming a kind of built-up edge, whereas TiC hardly to manganese sulfide inclusions and ferrite phase.(3) Surface roughness and cutting force decrease in proportion to the area percentage of MnS films formed over the rake face of tools, because the MnS films play a role as a lubricant.(4) Adhesion of manganese sulfide inclusions to tools may not only stem from physical properties such as surface roughness of the tools but also from chemical bonding.

工業用純チタンの被切削性に及ぼす工具材料の影響

The effect of tool materials on machinability of commercially pure titanium was discussed to examine the wear resistance and deposits on rake faces of six kinds of tools. It was found that the cutting performance of CBN and SiN tools lost quickly for chipping on the cutting edge. Wear of the carbide and diamond compax tool increased slowly in comparison with the CBN and SiN tools. From EPMA observations of the deposits on the rake faces it was suggested that tool wear was accelated by diffusion and adherence between the work and tool materials.

Study on Deep-Hole-Drilling with Solid-Boring Tools : The Effect of Tool Materials on the Cutting Performance

Study on Deep-Hole-Drilling with Solid-Boring Tools : The Effect of Tool Materials on the Cutting Performance

Study on Deep-Hole-Drilling with Solid-Boring Tools : The Effect of Tool Materials on the Cutting Performance

Study on Deep-Hole-Drilling with Solid-Boring Tools : The Effect of Tool Materials on the Cutting Performance

Mechanism and rate of metal removal in electrothermic machining

The work reported in this paper deals with the mechanism of metal removal in electrothermic machining. An empirical relation between the metal removal rate and the current has been established. The effect of tool materials and polarity on metal removal rate has also been analysed.

工具材質と被削性

The effects of tool material upon machinability in terms of chip formation and cutting force have been investigated experimentally. Although the effect has been considered to be negligible or very slight, it has been clarified to be appreciable for some work materials such as brass, copper, aluminum, etc. According to the close investigations, it has been verified that the reason for this can be attributed to the difference of tool-chip contact length which will be basically controlled by the chemical affinity or the work of adhesion between tool and work material rather than to the temperature difference on the tool face due to the difference of tool material.

高速切削の研究(第10報)

In Part 1 the mechanism of high speed machining was studied for the case where there existed no built-up-edge. In this report speed effect is examined when steel and cast iron are machined by carbide tools being compared with the case without built-up-edge (standard type). The deviation in machining characteristics from the standard type treated in Part I has been proved to be caused by the size and shape of built-up-edge with regard to the cutting speed. In short the case with built-up-edge corresponds to a modified type of the ideal or standard type which has no built-up-edge.In addition to it, two effects of tool material and tool face roughness on the machining characteristics are also studied.