Effect Of Testosterone Propionate Research Articles

Effect of testosterone propionate on compensatory renal hypertrophy.

The effect of testosterone propionate (TP) injected subcutaneously in the doses of 0.2, 0.1, and 2.5 mg per day on kidney weight and compensatory renal hypertrophy (CRH) at 7 and 30 days was studied in the castrate and intact mature male rat. TP does have a role in maintaining kidney weight since castration significantly decreased kidney weight at the 7 and 30-day intervals and this deficit was eliminated by testosterone propionate in the doses used. CRH is decreased in the castrate rat at 7 days but not at 30 days and the deficit at 7 days is eliminated by testosterone propionate. There is no evidence that testosterone propionate causes “super” growth of kidneys in the doses utilized in either the intact, castrated, or nephrectomized mature male rats at 7 or 30 days. (Endocrinology 94: 599, 1974)

Sexual motivation in the female rat after testosterone treatment

The effect of testosterone propionate (TP) on sexual motivation in the ovariectomized female rat was studied. The urge to seek sexual contact was measured in terms of location in the male vicinity in an open field, the amount of aversive stimulus (crossing of an electric grid) the animal was willing to take to seek contact with a sexually active male and the preference in a run and choice situation for a sexually active male versus a female. It was a consistent finding in the three different methods used that TP 1 mg/kg induced a significant increase in the willingness of ovariectomized rats to seek contact with a sexually active male. A sexually active male was more incentive than a castrated male or a female. The effect of TP was dose-dependent and the maximal response occurred after 2–4 days.

Differential effect of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone on the sexual behavior of prepuberally castrated male rabbits

The effect of testosterone propionate (Tp) and dihydrotestosterone propionate (DHTp) at doses of 1, 3 and 9 mg daily for 30 days on the copulatory behavior of prepuberally castrated male New Zealand white rabbits was studied. Tp was significantly more effective than DHTp in eliciting copulatory behavior at each dose level tested. Three milligrams Tp was the minimal dose required to elicit mounting consistently. DHTp at the high dose level (9 mg) only elicited sexual activity comparable to that observed with the low dose of Tp (1 mg). The results suggest that T does not need to be reduced to DHT to stimulate sexual behavior in the male rabbit.

Effects of testosterone propionate and dihydrotestosterone on penile morphology and sexual reflexes of spinal male rats

Testosterone propionate (TP) has a quantitative influence on sexual reflexes mediated at the spinal level in male rats. The possibility that this influence reflects the direct action of androgen on neural elements in the cord, rather than on sensory receptors in the penis was examined indirectly by the use of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Spinal castrated male rats maintained initially on TP and then switched to DHT showed a significant decline in sexual reflexes paralleling the decline of another group of spinal rats receiving no hormone after initial TP treatment. Yet the number of penile papillae and weight of the penile shaft for the DHT subjects were not significantly different from these measures of penile morphology in a third group of subjects receiving continuous TP and in which reflexes did not decline. These and other observations are consistent with the hypothesis that neural elements within the spinal cord, related to the mediation of the ejaculatory pattern in intact male rats, are directly influenced by gonadal androgen.

The effects of testosterone propionate and gonadotropins on the bill pigmentation and testes of the house sparrow ( Passer domesticus)

Sexually regressed winter house sparrows, Passer domesticus, were treated with exogenous testosterone propionate, luteinizing hormone (LH) or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) after first confirming they were no longer photorefractory. Controls at the start and end of the experiment in December had the pale brown beaks typically noted in this species during the early winter. Treatment with relatively large doses of exogenous androgen did not cause the bill to assume a darker coloration than would occur in the wild in early spring. Neither FSH nor LH given alone restored pigmentation. A combination of FSH and LH caused a complete darkening of the bill, and FSH injected in combination with testosterone propionate was also effective. Testosterone propionate exerted a spermatokinetic effect consistent with other reports in the literature. Testicular weight and spermatogenetic condition was most advanced in subjects given FSH plus LH injections.

Effect of testosterone propionate on fine structure and gonadotrophin content of the female rat and hamster anterior pituitary.

The effect of long-term testosterone propionate treatment on the adult female rat and hamster anterior pituitary was investigated by means of combined bioassay and electron microscopy. In the rat, a marked hypertrophy and enhancement of secretory activity of “FSH cells” occurred which correlated well with a marked increase of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stores. A moderate decrease of luteinizing hormone (LH) stores was not accompanied by changes in so-called LH cells. Alterations in “acidophilic” cell types were also observed. Somatotrophs were atrophic and showed evidence of decreased secretory activity, while lactotrophs appeared to be stimulated by testosterone treatment. There were similar changes in the hamster.

Resistance potential of certain breeds of domestic fowl exposed to Raillietina tetragona infections. X. Influence of sex hormones on R. tetragona infection.

An experimental study has been carried out on the effect of testosterone propionate and stilboestrol dipropionate on R. tetragona infections in young male and female chickens. The study involved 800 cysticercoids and 80 birds belonging to four strains, White Leghorn, White Rock, Desi and Hybrid between White Leghorn and Desi. The data obtained suggested that exogenous testosterone has not significantly affected the susceptibility-resistance relationships of birds to this tapeworm infection. Stilboestrol, on the other hand, appeared to have exerted an inhibitory influence on the growth and development of the worms, as evidenced by the lengthening of the prepatent period of worms in White Leghorn and reduction in weight of worms recovered from experimentals of all breeds except the Hybrids. There was significant interbreed difference as regards prepatent period, average segment production, development and weight of worms in the case of stilboestrol-treated birds. Except for the prepatent period of worms, such interbreed differences were not pronounced in the testosterone-treated birds.

Effects of testosterone propionate and estradiol benzoate--alone or in combination--on serum LH and FSH in orchidectomized rats.

In adult rats, the post-castration rise in serum LH and FSH 5 days following orchidectomy was prevented by daily subcutaneous injections of testosterone propionate (@100 μg/100 g body wt) or estradiol benzoate (@1 μg/100 g body wt). No differential effects on LH and FSH release were observed following treatment with either steroid. No significant changes in serum gonadotropin levels were produced by treatment with testosterone propionate over a range of 0.001-15 μg or by treatment with 0.00008-0.1 μg estradiol benzoate. Synergism between testosterone propionate and estradiol benzoate was not observed when 4 doses of testosterone propionate (0.15, 1.5, 15 and 30 μg/100 g) were given in combination with each of 4 doses of estradiol benzoate (0.0025, 0.025, 0.25 and 0.5 μg/100 g). However, all 4 doses of testosterone propionate antagonized the gonadotropin inhibiting action of the highest dose of estradiol benzoate. Concentrations of LH and FSH in sera of orchidectomized, adrenalectomized rats were indisting...

Acute effects of testosterone propionate upon RNA synthesis in mouse kidney.

SummaryIn A. Cloudman female mice a single injection of 1 mg T.P. induces a significant increase in the incorporation of labeled orotic acid into kidney RNA. This increase is detectable within 6 hr and has disappeared after 68 hr. In all circumstances, specific activities of uridine nucleotides isolated from labeled RNA are greater than those of cytidine nucleotides; after T.P., however, CMP labeling increases more than does UMP labeling.Actinomycin D, in quantities sufficient to inhibit the β-glucuronidase response to T.P., does not diminish (in fact slightly increases) nucleic acid labeling, while reducing the T.P. effect by about 50%.

Androgens and erythropoiesis in bone marrow. II. Effect of testosterone propionate on 59Fe concentration in erythrocytes and bone marrow.

L'augmentation d'incorporation de59Fe dans les globules rouge de rats auxquels on a donne du testosterone propionate est evidente dans la circulation peripherique du sang, 24 h apres l'injection du59Fe. Le rapport entre cette donnee et le temps de transfert des erythroblastes dans la moelle osseuse montre que les androgenes stimulent la maturation de normoblastes basophiliques et polychromatophiliques, plutot que l'erythropoietine.

Título en español.

En la Subestación Experimental Agrícola de Lajas se llevó a cabo un experimento para determinar el efecto del propionato de testosterona inyectable en cerditos castrados para engorde. La inyección intramuscular conteniendo 100 mg. del propionato de testosterona dividido en partes iguales, y aplicada en ambos jamones al destete, no causó diferencia significativa alguna en la razón de ganancia, peso final, eficiencia de conversión del alimento, área del músculo dorsal largo, grosor de la capa de grasa y rendimiento del canal. Se concluye que la inyección intramuscular de una dosis de 100 mg. de propionato de testosterona no causa efecto significativo alguno en el crecimiento y características del armazón de cerditos castrados para engorde.

Effect of cyproterone acetate on sexual dimorphism of the exorbital lacrimal gland in rats.

SUMMARY Adult male rats were treated with daily s.c. doses of 10 mg. cyproterone acetate for 3 weeks. Histological examination of the exorbital lacrimal glands at the end of treatment showed distinct differences compared with male controls: the histological picture showing greater resemblance to the glands of female controls. In orchidectomized rats receiving substitution treatment with testosterone propionate, cyproterone acetate 'neutralized' the effect of testosterone propionate on the exorbital lacrimal gland to a considerable extent. The possibility that this gland may play a part in the sexual behaviour of the rat is discussed.

Androgen-Induced Precocious Puberty in the Female Rat and Its Inhibition by Hippocampal Lesions

Precocious puberty is induced in the female rat by treatment with 0.1 mg testosterone propionate on days 17 and 19, 21 and 23, or 25 and 27 of age, or by treatment with 0.05 mg at 21, 23 and 25 days of age. Such rats show early vaginal opening and early onset of first estrus, followed by regular estrous cycles. The effect of testosterone propionate on the vaginal opening seems to be due to a peripheral action of the hormone. Females castrated at 21 days of age and treated with 0.1 mg of testosterone propionate at 21 and 23 days of age show vaginal opening at the same time as the intactanimals. Perivaginal injection of 0.01 mg of testosterone propionate at 21 and 23 days of age causes an early vaginal opening in intact animals without advancing the onset of the first estrus. Early onset of first estrus and an early initiation of estrous cycles appear to be due to central effects of testosterone propionate bringing about an advancement of the maturation of the hypothalamic- pituitary-ovarian axis. The centr...

Neurotrophic-hormonal interaction in the regulation of taste buds in the rat's vallate papilla.

AbstractProlonged treatment of castrated‐male rats with testosterone causes the development of taste buds in abnormal locations in the vallate papilla (i.e., upper surface of the papilla). Since taste buds are morphologically dependent on a trophic factor delivered to them via intact gustatory nerves, investigations of the possible role of testosterone as a trophic agent were undertaken. The effects of testosterone propionate on taste buds were studied in normal male and female, castrated‐male, and male rats in which the taste buds were totally denervated. There was no apparent change in the number, distribution, or appearance of the taste buds normally found in the trench walls of testosterone treated normal or castrated rats. However, in the normal‐male and castrated‐male rats, 1–3 taste buds were found on the top surface of the papilla 6 weeks after treatment. No new buds were seen at 1 or 2 weeks, nor were any seen in hormonally treated females, or in control animals injected with sesame oil alone. Furthermore, testosterone did not maintain old or initiate new taste bud formation in the denervated papilla. Thus, testosterone in the form, doses, and times employed, could not subserve the trophic function of intact gustatory nerves. The results however indicate that new taste bud formation is the result of a nerve–hormone interaction, and not a change induced by castration and subsequent testosterone treatment. Further studies of the nerve–hormone interaction involved in taste bud formation seem indicated.

Effect of prolactin on the “seminal vesicles” and neural regulation of prolactin secretion in the catfish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)

The effects of testosterone propionate, ovine prolactin, and ovine growth hormone in stimulating the seminal vesicles of catfish have been studied. Prolactin or testosterone propionate alone had no significant effect on the atrophic seminal vesicles of intact or hypophysectomized catfish. Intact catfish pretreated with human chorionic gonadotropin and then administered prolactin had heavier and secretory seminal vesicles. Prolactin or growth hormone induced significant weight increments and secretory activity in the androgen-primed seminal vesicles of hypophysectomized catfish. In hypophysectomized catfish, maximum response was obtained after simultaneous administration of testosterone propionate, prolactin, and growth hormone. The data indicate that while an additive response is obtained by simultaneous administration of testosterone propionate and prolactin or of testosterone propionate and growth hormone, treatment with all three hormones at the same time resulted in marked synergism. The influence of reserpine in inducing prolactin release from the pituitaries of male intact catfish was studied during the postspawning period when the seminal vesicles undergo seasonal regression. The results indicate that treatment with testosterone propionate or prolactin alone in the early postspawning period (October) did not renew secretory activity in the seminal vesicles, whereas reserpine alone or reserpine and testosterone propionate induced significant secretory activity in the seminal vesicles. Since reserpine alone or reserpine plus testosterone propionate bring about secretory activity in the seminal vesicles, it is inferred that reserpine induced the release of prolactin from the pituitary. In the pituitaries of control and of prolactin-treated animals there was paucity of erythrosinophils whereas in reserpine-treated animals pituitaries had an abundance of erythrosinophils. Reserpine did not have a direct effect on the seminal vesicles as evidenced by its inability to stimulate secretory activity in the seminal vesicles of hypophysectomized catfish. The above findings indicate that the neural control of prolactin secretion in the catfish is presumably accomplished by an inhibitory mechanism similar to that demonstrated in the mammals.

Removal of plasma FSH-RF activity in hypophysectomized rats by testosterone propionate or reserpine.

The effects of testosterone propionate (TP) and reserpine administration were studied on hypothalamic and plasma FSH-RF activity. Adult hypophysectomized male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing about 200 g, received daily subcutaneous injections of TP, reserpine or corn oil, starting at different intervals after hypophysectomy. TP administration for 15 days (2 mg daily), starting 1 month after hypophysectomy, did not induce any significant change in plasma FSH-RF. In 2 other experiments, administration of TP for 1 month (2 and 5 mg daily, respectively), starting one week after hypophysectomy, significantly reduced plasma FSH-RF activity to undetectable levels. Hypothalamic FSH-RF content remained unchanged after TP treatment at any of the levels tested. Reserpine administration (25 μg daily) for 1 month, starting 10 days after hypophysectomy, significantly reduced plasma and hypothalamic FSH-RF activity in 2 separate experiments. These results indicate that reserpine and TP are able to inhibit FSH-RF release i...

Effect of testosterone propionate on the renal excretion of iodide-131 in the rat

Renal excretory mechanisms for iodide-131 were studied in ovariectomized female rats which had been thyroidectomized on the previous day. Half of the animals had been pretreated for 8 days with testosterone propionate (t.p.), 2 mg daily. In two different experimental designs, using anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized animals, respectively, glomerular filtration rate (inulin clearance) was unaffected by t.p., whereas tubular reabsorption of iodide-131 was significantly increased. It is suggested that previously found enhancement of iodide-131 disappearance from the blood in t.p.-treated gonadectomized thyroidectomized rats is partly compensated for by the kidney.

Effects of testosterone propionate and luteinizing hormone on agonistic and nest building behaviour of Qvelea quelea

1. 1. Testosterone administration to low ranking members of a six bird hierarchy of male Quelea quelea produced no significant changes in measures of their ability to win encounters in individual distance infringement. Levels of individual changes were directly comparable to those in a separate group of birds not subjected to any experimental procedures. 2. 2. LH administration to low ranking members of a similar hierarchy produced significant improvements in their social status through improved performance in antagonistic encounters. On withdrawal of the hormone the values of recorded measures fell to a pre-treatment level and the status hierarchy was correlated with that present at the start of the experiment. 3. 3. Administration of testosterone to nest building birds produced increments in building. 4. 4. The social hierarchy based upon the results of encounters in competition for building materials is not necessarily correlated with that found in individual distance infringements. Neither estimate of individuals' status positions correlated with a ranking of the birds by building performance. 5. 5. Birds injected with testosterone when building increased their involvement in encounters over materials. Changes in individual success rates did not however necessarily correlate with improvements in building performance. 6. 6. In discussing the hormonal determination of social status the dominance hierarchy must be defined in relation to the observations upon which it is based; in particular whether competition for a reproductively significant ‘commodity’ is involved or not. Gonadotrophic control of aggressive behaviour may have especial significance for flocking species outside the breeding season.

Effect of testosterone propionate on th release of FSH from the pituitary gland.

ABSTRACT On the basis of a study of changes in follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in rat pituitary glands, obtained at various times after orchiectomy, it has been previously suggested that the Leydig cell secretions may regulate the release of FSH from the pituitary gland (Steinberger & Duckett 1966). This hypothesis was put to test in the present study. FSH levels have been determined in the pituitary gland and plasma of normal, testosterone-treated, orchiectomized, and orchiectomized testosteronetreated rats. A marked drop of pituitary FSH levels, associated with an elevation of plasma FSH levels, was observed in orchiectomized rats. Administration of testosterone to orchiectomized rats prevented the drop in pituitary FSH levels and rendered the blood levels undetectable. These results are interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that testosterone has an inhibitory effect on the release of FSH from the pituitary gland.

Effect of FSH and testosterone propionate on spermatogenesis in immature rats treated with clomiphene.

The effects of testosterone propionate (TP) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on the completion of the first wave of spermatogenesis in rats treated with clomiphene are reported. Clomiphene in doses of 250 μg/day beginning on day 22 inhibits spermatogenesis at the primary spermatocyte stage. Treatment of clomiphene-fed rats with small doses of TP (200 μg/day) advanced spermatogenesis to the early spermatid stage (step 7), while follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH, 75 μg/day) had no appreciable effect on the completion of spermiogenesis. However, a combined treatment of the two hormones synergized at these dose levels to advance spermatogenesis to completion within 30 days of the initiation of treatment. The dose of TP (200 μg/day alone) which inhibits pituitary gonadotropins in immature rats is ineffective in advancing spermatogenesis, while in clomiphene-fed rats a high dose of TP (0.5 or 1 mg/day) by itself facilitates the progress of spermatogenesis to completion. Testicular weights were restored to...