Effect Of Strong Acids Research Articles

Design and Conduct of Lab@Home Chemistry Experiment: The Effect of Strong Acid and Base on Buffered and Unbuffered Systems

Design and Conduct of Lab@Home Chemistry Experiment: The Effect of Strong Acid and Base on Buffered and Unbuffered Systems

Effect of Strong Acids on the Spectral Characteristics of Humic Acid Extracted from Biomethane Fermentation Peat Residue

Effect of Strong Acids on the Spectral Characteristics of Humic Acid Extracted from Biomethane Fermentation Peat Residue

Effect of acid and alkali solutions on micro-components of coal

To solve the problem of crack closure and low porosity in the deep rock strata of the energy industry, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy experiments were conducted on coal samples soaked in hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. The effects of strong acids and alkalis on organic functional groups and material changes with coal are studied. Microscopic scale surface topography changes of coal bodies were studied. The results showed that both hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) could effectively dissolve kaolinite in coal samples. The higher the concentration of the solution, the more pronounced the erosion effect on the coal. However, neither of them can eliminate kaolinite. Hydrochloric acid is mainly sensitive to the carboxyl and oxygen-containing structural, functional groups in coal. Sodium hydroxide is primarily sensitive to the hydroxyl and aromatic structures. The hydrochloric acid has less influence on the surface topography of the coal body and can effectively remove surface particles on the coal body, thus making the surface smoother. Sodium hydroxide can remove surface particles; it also produces a large amount of sediment attached to the surface. Solution holes were created on the surface of the coal body.

Jaboulay gastroduodenostomy for pyloric obstruction after corrosive ingestion

Abstract Strong acid accidental ingestion is a common case in rural society and children. The effect of strong acids may cause injuries of the gastrointestinal tract. We present a case obstruction in the distal part of gastric after accidental sulfuric acid ingestion in children. Sulfuric acid ingestion is potential in children since its commercial product physical appearance looks like drink water. Then the patient was diagnosed with pyloric obstruction after barium meal examination and was treated using Jaboulay gastroduodenostomy procedure.

Microwave를 이용한 폐활성슬러지의 가용화 반응에서 강산과 이온성 물질의 첨가가 미치는 영향

Microwave를 이용한 폐활성슬러지의 가용화 반응에서 강산과 이온성 물질의 첨가가 미치는 영향

Effect of strong acids on red mud structural and fluoride adsorption properties

The removal of fluoride using red mud has been improved by acidifying red mud with hydrochloric, nitric and sulphuric acid. The acidification of red mud causes sodalite and cancrinite phases to dissociate, confirmed by the release of sodium and aluminium into solution as well as the disappearance of sodalite bands and peaks in infrared and X-ray diffraction data. The dissolution of these mineral phases increases the amount of available iron and aluminium oxide/hydroxide sites that are accessible for the adsorption of fluoride. However, concentrated acids have a negative effect on adsorption due to the dissolution of these iron and aluminium oxide/hydroxide sites. The removal of fluoride is dependent on the charge of iron and aluminium oxide/hydroxides on the surface of red mud. Acidifying red mud with hydrochloric, nitric and sulphuric acid resulted in surface sites of the form SOH2+ and SOH. Optimum removal is obtained when the majority of surface sites are in the form SOH2+ as the substitution of a fluoride ion does not cause a significant increase in pH. This investigation shows the importance of having a low and consistent pH for the removal of fluoride from aqueous solutions using red mud.

Effects of Strong-Acid on Performances of Copper Solvent Extraction

This paper studied the effect of strong acid---concentrated sulfuric acid---on organic phase physical properties, copper extraction rates as well as phase behaviors in the process of copper solvent extraction. Results demonstrate that with the increase of contact time between organic phase and concentrated sulfuric acid, the organic phase density and viscosity slightly decreased, copper extraction rate linearly decreased from 99.8% to 99.5%, and the average size of organic phase droplet in raffinate cyclically trended to decrease. When the contact time is less than 20 hrs, phase disengagement rate decreased slowly. However, further increasing the contact time the phase disengagement rate decreased rapidly. Organic phase physical properties have little effect on phase disengagement rate.

Effect of Strong Acids on Mechanical Properties of Glass/Polyester GRP Pipe at Normal and High Temperatures

The effects of hydrochloric acids (HCl), sulfuric acids (H2SO4), nitric acids (HNO3), and phosphoric acids (H3PO4) on the physical and mechanical properties of glass fiber/polyester composite pipes internally lined with C glass were investigated. Specimens cut from the pipes were immersed for various periods—30, 60, and 90 days in 20% acid concentration at room temperature and 100°C. The pipes consisted of 27% chopped glass fiber, 16% continuous filaments, 29% polyester resin, and 28% silica sand. Changes in weight, Charpy impact resistance, ultimate flexural strength, and hardness measured over a 3‐month period and the effects of the environment and liquid on these parameters were assessed. The hardness of the outside surface and the inside C glass‐lined surface were compared. Higher values of hardness were obtained on the C glass surface. The effects of acids on composite characteristics were studied using x‐ray diffraction test.

Structure of electrolyte solutions in aliphatic amines: Part II. Infrared study of acid solutions in ethylenediamine

The effects of strong acids, water and alcohol on the structure of ethylenediamine have been investigated by measuring the IR absorption in the ND stretching band region of partly deuterated amine. Absorption continua have been found and interpreted in terms of Zundel's theory of easily polarizable hydrogen bonds. Conclusions are drawn on interactions of the anions, water and alcohols with the ethylenediamine molecules.

Photolytic behavior of truxillic and truxinic polyamides

AbstractThe effect of strong acids on the photolysis of stereoisomeric polyamides containing photoreactive cyclobutane units was studied, and a drastic increase in the photolytic rates was observed. Protonation of amide groups can explain the mechanism of this catalytic effect, being the photolytic rates affected not only by the steric congestion around the cyclobutane ring but also by the basicity of the amide group as a function of the substituent. Molecular weight decrease of the irradiated polymers was monitored by viscosity measurements, and it was found sensibly affected by the presence of small amounts of strong acids.

Mechanism of hydrolysis of a phthalimidium cation. Direct observation and trapping of the tetrahedral addition intermediate and the effect of strong acid on rate and equilibrium constants of the reversible reaction

Mechanism of hydrolysis of a phthalimidium cation. Direct observation and trapping of the tetrahedral addition intermediate and the effect of strong acid on rate and equilibrium constants of the reversible reaction

Conformational properties of structurally rigid polyamides. II. Effect of strong acids on the circular dichroism spectra of asymmetric polyamides with varying degree of structural rigidity

AbstractWe have investigated the effect of methanesulfonic acid (MSA) on the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of some stereoregular polyamides derived from three cyclic 1,2‐dicarboxylic acids (I–III) and piperazine (PIP), trans‐2,5‐dimethylpiperazine (DMPIP), or N,N′‐dimethylethylenediamine (DMED). On the basis of a detailed knowledge of the conformational properties of these polymers, we have attempted an essentially empirical interpretation of the CD spectra and of their relative changes. A striking dependence of the optical properties from the conformational properties and/or transitions in the polymers has been found. Although far from suggesting a 1:1 correspondence between CD spectra and conformational changes, we wish to stress their general correspondence.

Effect of strong acids on the circular dichroism spectra of stereoregular polyamides derived from (+)‐1,3‐trans‐cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid

Effect of strong acids on the circular dichroism spectra of stereoregular polyamides derived from (+)‐1,3‐trans‐cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid

Effect of strong acids on the oxidation of alkylarenes by manganic and cobaltic acetates in acetic acid

The oxidation of alkylarenes by both manganic and cobaltic acetates in acetic acid is so enhanced by strong acids that extensive transformations can be achieved at room temperature. Under these conditions, only products from side-chain oxidation are obtained and the formation of nuclear adducts reported in previous studies with manganic acetate has not been observed. The products obtained are different according to whether oxygen is present or not. Under nitrogen, benzylic acetates predominate whereas carbonyl compounds are favoured when oxygen is present. The activating effect of strong acids on the oxidizing properties of manganic and cobaltic acetates seems to be primarily related to their ability to release protons. In the case of cobaltic acetate, this effect appears to be partly the result of a modification in the association state of cobalt atoms. In concentrated systems, CoIII and CoII are apparently associated in dimeric structures and the effect of strong acids may be to dissociate such dimers with liberation of reactive cobaltic species. The mechanism of attack of alkylarenes is discussed.

The effect of strong acid on the reactions of hydrogen and oxygen on the noble metals. A study using cyclic voltammetry and a new teflon electrode holder

Summary A versatile electrode holder manufactured from Teflon and Kel “F” is described. The voltammograms of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir and Au are compared in sulphuric acid for concentrations of 1–7.5 M. Secondary peaks in the hydrogen region of Rh in strong acid solution are presented as evidence for the existence of more than one type of hydrogen adsorbed under severe conditions on the metal. The difference between the effect of anion adsorption (Cl− and SO42−) and strong sulphuric acid on the shapes of the voltammograms is demonstrated. Attention is drawn to the differences between progressive changes in the oxide and hydrogen regions on the different metals, and the metals themselves.

The effect of strong acid on the reactions of hydrogen and oxygen on the noble metals. A study using cyclic voltammetry and a new teflon electrode holder

The effect of strong acid on the reactions of hydrogen and oxygen on the noble metals. A study using cyclic voltammetry and a new teflon electrode holder

Effect of strong acids on the circular dichroism of asymmetric aromatic polyamides

Effect of strong acids on the circular dichroism of asymmetric aromatic polyamides