Effect Of Shear Stress Research Articles

In situ monitor of superhydrophobic surface degradation to predict its drag reduction in turbulent flow

In situ monitoring is the most insightful technique to examine superhydrophobic surface degradation as it provides real-time information on the liquid–solid interface in a continuous, noninvasive manner. Using reflecting-pixel intensity, we introduced a simple method to characterize in situ the air-plastron over a superhydrophobic surface in a turbulent channel flow. Prior to the turbulent experiments, a no-flow hydrostatic test was carried out to determine a critical absolute pressure under which the surfaces are able to maintain the air layer for a prolonged period of time. Pressure-drop and velocity measurements were conducted in a series of turbulent flow tests. Resulting from the coupling effects of normal and shear stresses over the plastron, the air layer was progressively lost with flow time which caused the drag ratio (i.e., the friction factor ratio between superhydrophobic and smooth surfaces) to increase. Meanwhile, the average pixel intensity also increased with time and exhibited a consistent trend with the drag ratio evolution. At a fixed near-wall y/h location (within the viscous sublayer), the velocity increased with time since the shear stress increased. However, a velocity measurement at the center of the channel exhibited a decrease, consummate with an overall downward shift of the velocity profile. Both pressure-drop and velocity results were observed to be correlated with the average pixel intensities of the images captured over the surfaces, and therefore, this is a suitable proxy measure of the plastron. This technique is confirmed to be valid for monitoring the air layer and, hence, predicting the consequent loss of drag reduction.

Enhanced anti-fouling of forward osmosis membrane by pulsatile flow operation in textile wastewater treatment

Although osmotically driven membrane processes have exhibited great potential in a variety of applications, forward osmosis (FO) is still facing some critical challenges like membrane fouling, economics and design of draw solute. Current methods include pretreatment and membrane modification have proposed to solve fouling problem, however, these methods are still constrained by complex operational procedures and large use of chemicals. Herein, pulsatile flow, a simply-operated and chemical-free method, was employed to alleviate FO membrane fouling. Effects of pulse frequencies on membrane performance were investigated. Results showed that pulsation could effectively improve water flux and mitigate fouling. In particular, water flux of 5 Hz was 1.36 times higher than steady flow at 0 Hz, and no obvious fouling covered on membrane surface under 5 Hz. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation showed that the flow field on the membrane surface was evenly distributed by pulse, and cross-flow velocity changed regularly from 0.123 to 0.057 m/s in feed channel. Mechanism analysis illustrated effective transient shear stress, pulse induced membrane swing and reduced solute buildup were responsible to improve membrane flux and reduce membrane fouling. This work provides a reference for the further combination and application of pulsatile flow assisted FO to treat wastewater.

Nonlinear analysis of horizontal bearing capacity of large-diameter rigid piles based on double conical strain wedge model

Large-diameter rigid piles are commonly employed in offshore wind turbine installations. A double conical strain wedge (DCSW) model is proposed in this paper to simulate the large-diameter rigid pile-soil interaction and determine the lateral subgrade reaction. A nonlinear analysis method is developed to predict horizontal response for large-diameter rigid piles installed in layered cohesionless soil, which can account for the effect of vertical side shear stress, pile end bending moment, and shear force. The rationality of the DCSW model is then verified by comparing its predictions with the experimental and theoretical results of existing studies. Subsequently, the new DCSW method is applied to investigate the horizontal bearing characteristics of the large-diameter rigid piles. The results reveal the presence of a rotation point situated at a depth range of (0.66–0.76) Lb (Lb is the burial depth of the pile). Additionally, the resisting bending moment caused by the vertical side shear stress between the pile-soil interface is able to enhance the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile.

Critical velocities of a two-layer composite tube incorporating the effects of transverse shear, rotary inertia and material anisotropy

Critical velocities of a two-layer composite tube subjected to a uniform internal pressure moving at a constant velocity are analytically derived by using a first-order shear deformation shell theory incorporating the transverse shear, rotary inertia and material anisotropy. The composite tube consists of two perfectly bonded axisymmetric circular cylindrical layers of dissimilar materials, which can be orthotropic, transversely isotropic, cubic or isotropic. Closed-form expressions for four critical velocities are first derived for the general case by including the effects of transverse shear, rotary inertia, material orthotropy and radial stress. The formulas for composite tubes without the transverse shear, rotary inertia or radial stress effect and with simpler anisotropy are then obtained as special cases. In addition, it is shown that the model for a single-layer, homogeneous tube is included in the current model as a special case. To illustrate the newly derived closed-form formulas, a composite tube with an isotropic inner layer and an orthotropic outer layer is analyzed as an example. The numerical values of the lowest critical velocity of the two-layer composite tube predicted by the new formulas compare well with existing data.

A novel specialized material removal rate model considering the synergistic effect of dynamic pressure and shear stress for the permanent-magnet small ball-end magnetorheological polishing

Permanent-magnet small ball-end magnetorheological polishing is often used to process small glass workpiece. During polishing, the pressure and shear stress are generated by magnetorheological fluid on the workpiece surface. When conducting fixed-point polishing experiment on fused silica plane workpiece, it was found that the polished pits were mainly distributed on one side of the polishing head's rotation axis. However, the available material removal model considering only a single force cannot explain the cause of polished pit offset phenomenon. It is speculated that the synergistic effect of the two forces on material removal may lead to the offset phenomenon. In order to accurately describe the material removal mechanism of this polishing method, a novel material removal rate model is established in this research. First, a group of actual polished pits are obtained through fixed-point polishing experiment. Then, a novel pressure-shear stress synergistic material removal rate model with unknown coefficients is established. Based on this model, the fixed-point polishing process is simulated by finite element method. The simulated polished pits under different model coefficients are obtained, and the influence rules of model coefficients on the polished pit contour is analyzed. Finally, by seeking the minimal fitting error between the simulated and actual contours, a group of optimal model coefficients are determined, namely, the shear stress coefficient is 1, the dynamic pressure coefficient is 1.2, and the weight coefficient of polishing velocity is 1.9. Through verification, the relative error between the simulated and actual contours can be as low as −9.12 % to 7.13 %. The novel model reveals that the material removal is caused by both shear stress and dynamic pressure. The dynamic pressure is distributed on one side of the polishing head axis and plays a leading role in material removal, which can well explain the cause of offset phenomenon. This research fills the blank of material removal mechanism of this polishing method, and the novel model provides a theoretical basis for process optimization research.

A small amount of water reduces the friction of the preferentially oriented montmorillonite gouge

The presence of smectite may control the updip seismogenic boundary of a subducting plate. The smectite near the boundary can be dehydrated and highly preferentially oriented in the smectite-to-illite transition zone. Herein, the frictional properties of preferentially oriented (PO) montmorillonite gouge were examined under dry conditions. Highly PO montmorillonites were prepared as self-supporting sheets, which were dried at 70–200 °C for 12 h before conducting shear experiments. The double direct-shear tests on these PO sheets and nominally randomly oriented (NRO) montmorillonite were conducted at room temperature and dry conditions under applied normal stress from 5 to 40 MPa. The friction coefficients of the NRO gouges (0.42–0.45) were not affected by drying temperature, while those of the PO sheets increased with increasing drying temperature from 0.32 to 0.52 at normal stress of 5 MPa. The estimated water contents for both samples depended on the drying temperature, but it was significantly lower (<1 mass%) than the upper limit of the water content of 4.5 mass% for dry friction as estimated from previous studies. A small amount of water (<1 mass%) might become vapor by frictional heating in the low porosity, low permeability PO smectite gouge and increased pore pressure resulting in the decrease of the effective normal stress and shear stress. Although there is much to consider under the natural conditions of smectite-to-illite transition, it was found that preferentially oriented smectite showed a low friction coefficient, even in a dehydrated state.

Revisiting the effect of shear stress on the γ→α phase transition of cerium under shock loading

The dynamic response of Cerium under high pressure and temperature is not clear due to the complexity of its phase diagram. Using large-scale atomistic simulations, we report the γ→α phase transition (PT) of Ce under shock loading. The PT behaviors predicted by present simulations are in reasonable agreement with previous experiments, thus confirm the validity of the interatomic potential. While the simulated wave velocities of elastic precursor are larger than experiments, the PT wave velocities agree well with the LASL data. In the T-P phase diagram, the Hugoniot states generally agree with the lower-pressure extrapolation of the higher-pressure experimental data, but differ significantly from each other orientations. By examining the ratio between the shear stress and hydrostatic stress, it is found that the anisotropic response of PT kinetics might be dependent on the variance of shear stress with lattice orientations. The present study suggests that the effect of shear stress usually ignored in shock wave experiments has to be treated seriously when studying the low-pressure γ→α PT of Ce.

Experimental study of the effects of initial shear stress on liquefaction potential through an energy-based approach

In submarine inclined terrains, granular soils are subjected to considerable initial shear stress, which significantly affects their cyclic behavior and liquefaction potential. When the external cyclic load is applied in varying directions relative to the dip direction, the prediction of liquefaction resistance may be complicated using conventional stress-based methods. This paper presents the effects of initial static shear stress in submarine slopes through an energy-based approach. Oval-shaped and linear shear stress paths are employed to replicate the stress condition commonly encountered in offshore environments. The test results indicate that the correlation between cumulative energy and pore water pressure is independent of the orientation of initial shear stress. On the other hand, increasing the initial shear stress level within a certain range will increase the dissipated energy required for reaching a given pore water pressure. At the end of this paper, a relationship is given for estimating the liquefaction energy considering the effects of initial shear stress.

On the mechanics of filtered compacted consolidated and overconsolidated iron ore tailings at high pressures

The mechanics of filtered compacted normally consolidated (NC) and overconsolidated (OC) iron ore tailings (IOTs) was studied by performing triaxial testing at high pressures of up to 120 MPa. The OC specimens were obtained by isotropically compressing compacted IOT to 120 MPa, unloading it to distinct confining pressures, and shearing at constant radial stress. Particle size distribution analyses were used to examine the effect of compression and shear stresses on particle breakage. Additionally, the triaxial test results illustrate the stress history influence on the deviatoric stress–axial strain–volumetric strain curves, as well as on the IOT peak strength. Furthermore, these results also show that the amount of breakage during the shearing stage plays an essential role in the geomaterial’s response, marking the existence of curved critical state locus in both v–ln p′ and q– p′ planes, which is unique in the studied confined stress range (4–120 MPa) for the compacted NC and OC (considering OC ratio up to 30) IOTs.

Earthquake-induced large deformations and failure mechanisms of silty sands in sloped ground conditions

In practical engineering, sand deposits or fills usually contain fines and are subjected to cyclic shear stresses induced by earthquakes, traffic, or waves which are superimposed on the initial static shear stress in natural or artificial slopes or beneath existing structures. To explore the combined and complex effect of an initial static shear stress and fines content of non-plastic silty sands on their deformation characteristics, pore pressure generation, and liquefaction susceptibility, the results of a comprehensive experimental program of cyclic simple shear (SS) tests are presented. Test conditions cover different fines contents fc (0-40%), initial void ratios e0, and initial static shear stress ratios (factor α=0-0.30). The observed types of failure are divided into four cyclic patterns: flow liquefaction, limited flow liquefaction, cyclic mobility, and plastic strain accumulation, depending on the initial state of the specimens and cyclic loading characteristics. Moreover, the threshold fines content (fthre), denoting the specific value of the fines content at which the behavioral properties of the mixture are reversed, is not affected by α level, and a practically unique value of around 24.5% is identified. The Kα values of sand-silt mixtures measured under cyclic simple shear loading would either increase or decrease with an increasing initial static shear level based on the initial global void ratio and fines content of mixtures; in particular, for a given initial global void ratio, the reduction of cyclic resistance due to the addition of non-plastic fines (fc < fthre) is much more pronounced as α increases. Finally, the larger the initial shear stress, the smaller the cyclic pore-water pressure (PWP) measured at failure. Therefore, a modified stress-based PWP generation model is proposed to predict the cyclic residual excess pore pressures developed under various initial static shear stress conditions in non-plastic silty sands in a satisfactory way.

Scale and shear investigation of the viability and consequences of controlling viscous heating for Argon flows in nano-channels

Molecular dynamics (MD) is used to investigate the combined effects of channel size and wall shear stress on force-driven Argon flows in nanochannels. The adaptive wall thermostat (AWT) is used to automatically adjust wall temperature refraining the viscous heating upsurge with the increased body force from increasing mean fluid temperature. AWT is functional up to “wall shear stress limit” (WSSL), classifying wall shear stress range into controllable and uncontrollable viscous heating ranges (CVH and UVH) before and beyond WSSL, respectively. With increasing wall shear stress in CVH, liquid Argon at ∼119.9 K exhibits more non-uniform temperature profile in larger channels. Consequently, further shear dependence of density profile and fluid molecular layering which leads to controversial size-dependent slip length. Within UVH, supercritical Argon emerges from the significant increase of temperature and pressure exceeding critical state; consequently, density profile and molecular layering decrease noticeably drifting toward walls which results in minor and proximate values of slip length in all channels approaching no-slip condition. The apparent viscosity is higher in larger channels with decreasing and increasing trends within CVH and UVH, respectively, associated with changing fluid state and phase. Finally, the continuum solution suggests the possibility of estimating the mass flow rate with reasonable accuracy relative to MD if implemented with appropriate properties and slip boundary condition.

Influence of shear stress on the intracellular bis-(3′-5′)-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) level within an MBR biofilm

Biofilms are inevitable and typically adhere on solid surfaces such as the membrane surfaces in membrane bioreactors. Aeration has been widely used in the aerobic stage of water treatment to hydrodynamically generate shear stress to disrupt biofilm formation. The current study quantified the influence of shear stress on mature biofilms by examining its influence on bacteria Quorum Sensing behaviour which involves c-di-GMP molecules. The level of external shear stress was determined via validated Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation and the level of c-di-GMP was measured directly. It was found that bacteria are very sensitive to environmental shear stress; a small change of 0.05 Pa can lead to an intracellular c-di-GMP fluctuation of 5.6 pmol/mg protein. The mediating effect of shear stress on c-di-GMP level is nonlinear. In MBR systems, a time-averaged shear stress exceeding 0.72 Pa is indicated as it generates lower c-di-GMP and a looser biofilm that has low biodiversity.

Influence of shear force on ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic model cells in a stirred tank bioreactor

To evaluate shear stress influence on ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic cell lineages for clinical application, in this study, human pro-monocytic cell (namely U937 cell line) was selected as a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) model and cultured in suspension mode at two different agitation rates (50, 100 rpm) in the stirred bioreactor. At the agitation rate of 50 rpm, the cells achieved higher expansion folds (27.4 fold) with minimal morphological changes as well as apoptotic cell death, while at 100 rpm the expansion fold decreased after 5-day of culture in suspension culture in comparison with static culture and reached 24.5 fold at the end of the culture. The results of glucose consumption and lactate production were also in agreement with the data of fold expansion and indicated the preference of culture in the stirred bioreactor when agitated at 50 rpm. This study indicated the stirred bioreactor system with an agitation rate of 50 rpm and surface aeration may be used as a potential dynamic culture system for clinical applications of hematopoietic cell lineage. The current experiments shed data related to the effect of shear stress on human U937 cells, as a hematopoietic cell model, to set a protocol for expansion of HSCs for biomedical applications.

P10: CFD Simulation Of Thrombosis In A Catheter Pump Inside The Left Ventricle

Study: Catheter pumps are small axial flow assist devices indicated for temporary use for a variety of indications. Uniquely positioned within the circulation, the pump impeller and motor are situated in the ascending aorta, and blood is pumped from the left ventricle (LV) via a long angled inlet cannula. The interplay of pulsatile LV blood dynamics with hemocompatibility performance of a catheter pump is not well characterized. The purpose of this study is to conduct computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation that includes multifactorial and synergistic models of blood damage to a catheter pump within a virtual in-vivo environment to analyze its hemodynamics. Methods: A generic catheter pump whose shape is inspired by the Impella 5.0 is situated within a static geometry consisting of a semi-realistic LV and aorta. We apply bloodDamageFoam, an OpenFOAM-based CFD code, to predict the hemodynamic flow and blood damage generated by the pump operating at 20 kRPM. The thrombosis model includes seven biochemical and biophysical agonists and accounts for the effects of high shear stress induced activation of von Willebrand factor. Results: CFD predicted 4.43 LPM blood flow rate from the LV delivered into the aorta. Moderate levels of hemolysis were predicted. The thrombosis model showed moderate degrees of platelet deposition on the cage of the inlet cannula and within the catheter pump chamber. Because the LV in this simulation was not beating, unrealistically large regions of flow stagnation and high platelet activation were observed in the LV. To address this, realistic pulsatility of a dilated LV is currently being modeled. Our latest progress will be presented at the meeting.

Effect of bed shear stress on the mobile armor layer at the riverbed

Armoring is forming an armor layer of the riverbed which is preceded by the transportation of bed sediment. Mobile armor occurs when the riverbed reaches equilibrium, then eroded, and the surface of the riverbed recovers. Therefore, protection is formed by moving riverbed material. This research used a simulation model generated through HEC RAS software version 6.1. The model input location was Krasak River, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The data for model input were the topography of the Krasak River from upstream to the point of view, flood discharge hydrograph, and grain size gradations. The simulation combination consisted of three locations with the riverbed material of each location sampled tested for grain size distribution. The running simulations combined the flood discharge at return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. There were three variations of grain size distribution used as input data. Meanwhile, variations of sediment transport methods used the Meyer-Peter Muller and Wilcock-Crowe methods. Overall, the simulation results show that the shear stress and the proportion of sand-to-grain material affect the armoring process and riverbed changes.

PEDS9: Bleeding in Pediatric Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-Use of Procoagulant Factors

Background: Bleeding complications remain common in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and can be associated with adverse outcomes. Effect of excessive shear stress on vasculature may increase bleeding risk associated with preferential loss of high molecular weight von Willebrand factor (high molecular weight (vWF) multimers; acquired vW syndrome, AVWS) and may also be associated with platelet dysfunction. Some pediatric patients may have a pre-existing increased risk of shear-related abnormalities which may further increase bleeding risk on ECMO. We aimed to review bleeding events requiring intervention in a pediatric ECMO cohort. Methods: Retrospective review of pediatric ECMO patients who underwent treatment of bleeding beyond simple transfusion in conjunction with ECMO anticoagulation consultation (EAC) between June 2020 and December 2022 was conducted. Results: Fifty patients required ECMO for 53 runs (52 VA, 2 VV, 1 VAV). Median weight was 4.3 kg (2.4-131 kg). Mean duration of ECMO was 11 days (2-97). 60% (30/50) of patients had congenital heart disease (CHD), and within these 30 patients, 27% of them had bleeding requiring procedural intervention. Ten patients with bleeding were screened for AVWS guided by EAC with 100% meeting criteria for AVWS. Platelet transfusions were administered as first line bleeding therapy with thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunction and plasma or prothrombin complex concentrate (PCCC) in volume-sensitive patients for coagulopathy. With ongoing bleeding despite transfusion, antihemophilic factor/vWF complex (Humate P) was administered to 4 patients guided by EAC (figure 1). Of these 4 patients, 75% had CHD and 100% had valve abnormalities with 50% having new mechanical valves placed within 1 month prior to ECMO. Initial Humate P dose was given on mean day 14, with mean number of 8 doses. No circuit or mechanical valve thrombosis occurred. Platelet counts and function improved with a decrease in platelet transfusions and clinical bleeding in all patients following Humate P. Conclusion: Bleeding remains a common complication but is often multifactorial and may be difficult to determine specific etiologies. AVWS and thrombocytopenia commonly occur during pediatric ECMO. However, not all patients have clinical bleeding, such that additional risk factors may contribute to increased bleeding risk in these patients. Given impact of recurrent transfusions due to bleeding on morbidity and mortality, as well as cost consideration and potential thrombosis risk of vWF or PCCC supplementation, development of an expert-guided (EAC) algorithm for screening and treatment criteria for such agents appears to be safe, cost-effective and may be associated with decreased bleeding and transfusions. Further research into etiologies and consequences of ECMO-induced bleeding as well as treatment is needed.Figure 1. Algorithm for Assessment of Persistent Bleeding and Consideration of Humate P Administration (pilot).

Comments on Existing Analytical Solutions to the Wave-Induced Cyclic Response of a Porous Seabed of Infinite Thickness

Abstract This paper deals with the wave-induced cyclic response of a porous seabed (by means of oscillating parameters: pore-fluid pressure, soil displacement components, effective normal stress and shear stress components) due to a surface sinusoidal water-wave propagating over a seabed of infinite thickness. The main existing analytical solutions to the governing problem are critically discussed, pointing out their meaningful errors and doubtful items. A phase-lag phenomena is particularly studied as an immanent part of any complex-valued analytical solutions having a cyclic nature.

Recent Advances in Optimization Design and Performance Analysis of Vortex Pumps

Background: The vortex pump is a type of sewage pump renowned for its non-clogging performance. As the vortex pump has a special structure type, there are many vortex structures in the volute and impeller flow channel, which reduce the efficiency of the vortex pump. Reducing the energy loss and improving the efficiency of the vortex pump has been one of the main research objectives of designers. In this paper, the research progress of vortex pumps is summarized from the two aspects of transporting solid medium and low efficiency, which can provide a reference for future research. Methods: The latest patents and papers on vortex pumps were collected. The solid-liquid flow characteristics from the experimental and numerical perspectives, the influence of geometric parameters on external characteristics, and optimization design methods of the vortex pump were studied. Results: The particles, fibers, and cloth in the vortex pump will become trapped and blocked in the cavity. And the geometric parameters have an obvious effect on the pump. By using the intelligent optimization algorithm to optimize the impeller parameters, the pump efficiency can be increased by 10.25% under large flow conditions and the effective blade shear stress. Conclusion: The concentration and diameter of particles could change the performance of the pump. The retention and plugging of the solid medium in the vortex pump are related to flow structure and backflow. Appropriate geometric parameters should be selected when designing a vortex pump. Too large or too small a structure design will lead to poor performance of the vortex pump. This can be combined with intelligent optimization algorithms for pump design, which is a very effective method.

Aerobic Exercise-Mimetic Effects of Resveratrol on the Prevention of Vascular Endothelial Senescence

PURPOSE: Regular exercise has been shown to have anti-aging effects on the vascular system by improving endothelial function and diminishing oxidative stress. However, adherence to an exercise regimen can be difficult for some individuals, particularly those with limited mobility. This study investigated the effects of resveratrol as an exercise mimetic for preventing and improving oxidative stressinduced senescence in vascular endothelial cells.METHODS: Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used to investigate the reversal effects of laminar shear stress and the protective effects of resveratrol on oxidative stress-induced premature senescence. Senescence was estimated using SA-β-gal staining and western blot analysis, whereas oxidative stress levels were evaluated using MitoSOX staining. Matrigel tube formation and scratch assays were also performed to assess endothelial angiogenic and migration functions.RESULTS: The study showed that laminar shear stress could partly normalize premature endothelial senescence. Resveratrol pretreatment attenuated reactive oxygen species production and prevented senescence in H2O2-induced premature aging. Additionally, resveratrol contributed to maintaining endothelial cells’ angiogenic and migratory functions.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that laminar shear stress can mitigate the effects of oxidative stress-induced premature senescence. Resveratrol may be a potential substitute for exercise to prevent age-related damage to the endothelium by increasing resistance to oxidative stress and improving endothelial function.

Specific power or droplet shear stress: Which is the primary cause of soil erosion under low-pressure sprinklers?

Specific power and droplet shear stress are generally considered to be the most critical indicators of soil erosion in sprinkler irrigation, but there is controversy about which indicator has a greater impact. This creates uncertainty in the optimization design of low-pressure sprinkler irrigation systems. In this study, a commonly used low-pressure sprinkler, i.e., Nelson D3000, was used to carry out in soil box experiments, to study the effects of specific power and average droplet shear stress at the end of a spray jet on soil erosion during sprinkler irrigation under three nozzle diameters (3.97, 5.95, and 7.94 mm), two operating pressures (103 and 138 kPa), and two soil textures (loamy sand and silty loam). Overall, the larger specific power or average droplet shear stress resulted in higher initial and steady runoff rates and a shorter time until runoff occurs and stabilizes. Enlarging the specific power or average droplet shear stress could significantly increase the initial infiltration rate, sediment yield, and surface soil bulk density, but the infiltration depth prior to runoff and surface soil porosity decreased. Furthermore, the specific power was observed to have greater correlations than average droplet shear stress with the surface runoff rate, initial infiltration rate, and increase in the soil bulk density and decrease in the soil porosity after irrigation. However, it was weakly related to the infiltration depth prior to runoff and sediment yield, indicating that the specific power could more accurately reflect the soil erosion with respect to the shear stress. To minimize the risk of soil erosion, a small operating pressure (103 kPa) is recommended in the design of center pivot irrigation systems, especially for the overhang of the system with large nozzle diameters. This research can provide the technical support for soil erosion prevention under low-pressure sprinkler irrigation.