Effects Of Resveratrol Administration Research Articles

The Effect of Resveratrol Administration on Element Metabolism in Bone Tissue of Acute Swimming Exercised Rats

The Effect of Resveratrol Administration on Element Metabolism in Bone Tissue of Acute Swimming Exercised Rats

Effects of Resveratrol Administration in Liver Injury Prevention as Induced by an Obesogenic Diet: Role of Ruminococcaceae.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been described in several metabolic disruptions, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Administration of resveratrol has been claimed to elicit benefits against NAFLD along with modulating gut microbiota composition. This investigation aims to study the putative mediating role of gut microbiota in the potential hepato-protective effects of resveratrol in a diet-induced NAFLD rat model. The involvement of bacteria from the Ruminococcaceae family in such effects was also addressed. Resveratrol administration resulted in lowered liver weight and serum total and non-HDL cholesterol concentrations, as well as in increased serum HDL cholesterol levels. The administration of this polyphenol also prevented obesogenic diet-induced serum transaminase increases. In addition, histopathological analysis revealed that resveratrol administration ameliorated the dietary-induced liver steatosis and hepatic inflammation. Gut microbiota sequencing showed an inverse relationship between some bacteria from the Ruminococcaceae family and the screened hepatic markers, whereas in other cases the opposite relationship was also found. Interestingly, an interaction was found between UBA-1819 abundance and resveratrol induced liver weight decrease, suggesting that for this marker resveratrol induced effects were greater when the abundance of this bacteria was high, while no actions were found when UBA-1819 abundance was low.

Effect of resveratrol administration on ovarian morphology, determined by transvaginal ultrasound for the women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Intake of resveratrol has been associated with improved ovarian morphology under in vitro and in the animal models; however, this finding has not been confirmed in trials. The aim of our study was, therefore, to use a placebo-controlled approach with the detailed assessment of the ovarian morphology by applying transvaginal ultrasound to examine the effectiveness of this therapeutic approach in this group of women. The mean age of all participants was 28·61 (sd 4·99) years, with the mean BMI of 28·26 (sd 5·62) kg/m2. Resveratrol therapy, as compared with placebo, was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement in the ovarian morphology (P = 0·02). Women who received resveratrol had a more dominant follicle than those getting placebo, with a significant reduction in the ovarian volume (P < 0·05). However, the number of follicle count per ovary (FNPO), stromal area (SA), ovarian echogenicity and distribution of follicles were not significantly altered (P > 0·05). Forty-one women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were randomly assigned (1:1) to 3 months of daily 1000 mg resveratrol or placebo. Random assignment was done by blocked randomisation. Our primary endpoints were the change in the ovarian volume, SA and antral FNPO from the baseline to 3 months. Secondary endpoints were improvement in the distribution of follicles and ovarian echogenicity. Differences between the resveratrol and control groups were evaluated by Chi-square, Fisher's exact test and repeated-measures ANOVA. Treatment with resveratrol significantly reduced the ovarian volume and polycystic ovarian morphology, thus suggesting a disease-modifying effect in PCOS.

Resveratrol in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Behavioral and Molecular Effects.

Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenolic stillbenoid with significant anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties recently tested in animal models of several neurological diseases. Altered immune alteration and oxidative stress have also been found in patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and these alterations could add to the pathophysiology associated with ASD. We reviewed the current evidence about the effects of RSV administration in animal models and in patients with ASD. RSV administration improves the core-symptoms (social impairment and stereotyped activity) in animal models and it also displays beneficial effects in other behavioral abnormalities such as hyperactivity, anxiety and cognitive function. The molecular mechanisms by which RSV restores or improves behavioral abnormalities in animal models encompass both normalization of central and peripheral immune alteration and oxidative stress markers and new molecular mechanisms such as expression of cortical gamma-amino butyric acid neurons, certain type of miRNAs that regulate spine growth. One randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial (RCT) suggested that RSV add-on risperidone therapy improves comorbid hyperactivity/non-compliance, whereas no effects where seen in core symptoms of ASD No RCTs about the effect of RSV as monotherapy have been performed and the results from preclinical studies encourage its feasibility. Further clinical trials should also identify those ASD patients with immune alterations and/or with increased oxidative stress markers that would likely benefit from RSV administration.

The effects of resveratrol administration on lipid oxidation in experimental renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

ABSTRACTWe investigated how resveratrol affects lipid oxidation during experimental renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. We used 48 adult male rats assigned to five groups: group 1, control; group 2, renal ischemia; group 3, renal ischemia + reperfusion; group 4, resveratrol + renal ischemia; group 5, resveratrol + renal ischemia + reperfusion. Plasma and renal tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), and erythrocyte and renal tissue glutathione (GSH) levels were measured and histologic changes in the renal tissue were examined. Ischemia-reperfusion affected the MDA-GSH balance adversely and caused histopathological changes in the renal tissue of the ischemia and ischemia + reperfusion groups. Resveratrol treatment normalized MDA and GSH levels as well as the histopathology that occurred in the renal tissue of the ischemia and ischemia + reperfusion groups.

Effect of resveratrol administration on muscle glycogen levels in rats subjected to acute swimming exercise

The present study aims to examine how resveratrol administration affects muscle glycogen levels in rats subjected to an acute swimming exercise bout. The study was conducted on adult male rats of Wistar-Albino. The 28 rats used in the study were equally divided among four groups: Group 1, Control Group: The group fed on a standard diet and not subjected to any procedure. Group 2, Control Swimming Group: The group fed on a standard diet and subjected to an acute swimming exercise bout for 30 minutes at the end of the study. Group 3, Resveratrol Group: The group fed on a standard diet and given (10 mg/kg) resveratrol in drinking water for four weeks. Group 4, Resveratrol + Swimming Group: The group fed on a standard diet, given (10 mg/kg) resveratrol in drinking water for four weeks and subjected to a 30-minute acute swimming exercise at the end of the study. At the end of the four weeks, the animals were decapitated, muscle glycogen levels using immunohistochemical method. The highest muscle glycogen levels were obtained in the resveratrol-administered Group 3 and the lowest levels in group 2 (swimming group) (p&lt;0.05). The results of the study demonstrate that resveratrol support had a protective and/or regulatory effect on mucle glycogen in both exercised and not-exercised rats.

Short-term use of resveratrol in alloplastic graft material applied with calvarial bone defects in rats

Purpose:The effects of resveratrol administration on calvarial bone defects with alloplastic graft material was investigated for osteoinductive reaction and bone development in rats.Methods:Healthy male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups consisting of 10 rats. Groups were as follows: control (defect) group, defect + graft group, and defect + graft + resveratrol group. A calvarial bone defect was created in all groups, alloplastic bone grafts were applied to the defect in the 2nd and 3rd group, resveratrol (5 mg/kg/day) was added to the drinking water of the animals following graft application for 28 days in the 3rd group.Results:Increase in osteoclasts and necrotic changes were observed histopathologically in the control group. In the 2nd group, reduction of inflammation, congestion of blood vessels, increased osteblastic activity, osteoinductive effect, progression of osteocyte development and increased collagen fibers in connective tissue were observed. In the 3rd group, osteoblasts seemed to secrete bone matrix and accelerate osteoinductive effect with increased osteopregenitor activity and positive osteopontin and osteonectin expressions.Conclusion:Resveratrol treatment was thought to be an alternative and supportive drug for implant application by inducing new bone formation in the calvaral defect region as a result of short-term treatment.

The effect of resveratrol administration in irradiated mice on the induction of micronuclei in bone marrow

Resveratrol (RSV) a medicinal polyphenol is synthesized by many plants in response to injury, infection, stress, and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, present in the grapes, nuts, fruits, and wine. In this study, we have investigated the antioxidant ability of RSV and its activity in the protection of radiation-induced DNA injury in X-radiated mice. The antioxidant strength of RSV was evaluated by the study of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging properties. Our results demonstrated that RSV shows strong antioxidant activity by this assay. When mice were exposed to 2 Gy X-radiation, there was an increase in the total MnPCE value and a decrease in the ratio [PCEs/ (PCEs + NCEs)] of bone marrow cells. RSV (50 mg/kg) pretreatment remarkably decreased the total MnPCE value and increased the ratio [PCEs/ (PCEs + NCEs)] in irradiated mice. These results propose that RSV protects X-radiation-induced DNA damage in mice bone marrow cells, which may be related to its antioxidant activity.

Protective effect of resveratrol against inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in pancreas of aged SAMP8 mice

Aging is a physiological state in which a progressive decline in organ functions is accompanied by the development of age-related diseases. Resveratrol supplementation has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various mammalian models of aging. Senescence-accelerated mice (SAM) are commonly used as animal models to investigate the aging process. In the present study, the effects of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in pancreas of two different types of SAM (SAMR1 or resistant to aging, and SAMP8 or prone to aging) have been analysed, as well as the effect of resveratrol administration (5mg/kg/day) on these parameters in the SAMP8 strain. mRNA expressions of sirtuin 1 and FoxO factors were found to be decreased with aging in SAMP8 mice. An increase in inflammatory status and nuclear-factor kappa B (NFκB) protein expression was also observed in old mice, together with a decrease of anti-apoptotic markers and antioxidant-enzyme activity. Resveratrol administration was able to increase sirtuin 1 mRNA expression, as well as decreasing NFκB expression and reducing the proinflammatory and prooxidant status associated with age. In conclusion, resveratrol was able to modulate the inflammatory, oxidative and apoptotic status related to aging, thereby exerting a protective effect on pancreas age-induced damage.

Resveratrol Ameliorates Dysregulation of Th1, Th2, Th17, and T Regulatory Cell-Related Transcription Factor Signaling in a BTBR T+tf/J Mouse Model of Autism.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. It is characterized by impaired social communication, abnormal social interactions, and repetitive behaviors and/or restricted interests. BTBR T+tf/J (BTBR) inbred mice are commonly used as a model for ASD. Resveratrol is used widely as a beneficial therapeutic in the treatment of an extensive array of pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, the effect of resveratrol administration (20 and 40mg/kg) was evaluated in both BTBR and C57BL/6 (B6) mice. Behavioral (self-grooming), Foxp3, T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt, and IL-17A in CD4+ T cells were assessed. Our study showed that BTBR control mice exhibited a distinct immune profile from that of the B6 control mice. BTBR mice were characterized by lower levels of Foxp3+ and higher levels of RORγt+, T-bet+, and GATA-3+ production in CD4+ T cells when compared with B6 control. Resveratrol (20 and 40mg/kg) treatment to B6 and BTBR mice showed substantial induction of Foxp3+ and reduction of T-bet+, GATA-3+, and IL-17A+ expression in CD4+ cells when compared with the respective control groups. Moreover, resveratrol treatment resulted in upregulated expression of Foxp3 mRNA and decreased expression levels of T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt, and IL-17A in the spleen and brain tissues. Western blot analysis confirmed that resveratrol treatment decreased the protein expression of T-bet, GATA-3, RORγ, and IL-17 and that it increased Foxp3 in B6 and BTBR mice. Our results suggest that autism is associated with dysregulation of transcription factor signaling that can be corrected by resveratrol treatment.

Effect of Resveratrol Administration on the Element Metabolism in the Blood and Brain Tissues of Rats Subjected to Acute Swimming Exercise.

The aim of the present study is to examine how resveratrol administration affects the element metabolism in the blood and brain cortex tissues of rats subjected to an acute swimming exercise. The study was carried out on Wistar-Albino-type adult male rats supplied by the Center. Group 1 is the control group. Group 2 is the swimming control group. Group 3 is the resveratrol (10mg/kg/day) + swimming group. Group 4 is the resveratrol (10mg/kg/day) group. Blood and brain cortex tissues were analyzed for some elements. The acute swimming exercise led to increases in the rats' serum iron, selenium, lead, cobalt, and boron levels, while the resveratrol-swimming group has increases in copper, phosphorus, and calcium values. The brain cortex tissue of the resveratrol-swimming group had significantly higher molybdenum levels than others. The results obtained in the study indicate that acute swimming exercise altered the distribution of elements in the serum to a considerable extent; however, resveratrol's affect is limited. Especially, resveratrol supplementation may have a regulatory affect on serum iron and magnesium levels.

Effect of resveratrol on sirtuins expression and cardiac complications in diabetes

Sirtuins are the protein deacetylases, which are linked to metabolic diseases and aging. There are seven sirtuins present in cell, whose regulation in diabetic heart is yet to be explored. Resveratrol is a well-known activator of SIRT-1, but its effect on other sirtuins is not yet clear. In the present study, we focused to find out the expression and regulation of all sirtuins in diabetic heart with the effect of resveratrol administration on them. We have induced T1DM rat model using steptozotocin and T2DM rat model by feeding high fructose diet for a period of eight weeks and analyzed the myocardial changes. Resveratrol was administrated to both the models simultaneously. Increased oxidative stress and cardiac phenotype alterations shows the induction of cardiac abnormalities in both models. We have observed decreased SIRT-1 and increased SIRT-3 activity in the T2DM rat heart. Moreover, in case of T1DM, gene and protein expression of all sirtuins was down, except SIRT-2 whose protein levels were increased. Administration of resveratrol prevented the alteration in SIRT-1 in T2DM and SIRT-1, 2, 3 and SIRT-5 in T1DM rat heart. Altered level of protein acetylation was observed corresponding to the changes in sirtuins. In conclusion, sirtuins are perturbed in both types of diabetic heart and can be considered as druggable target for therapeutic intervention.

Effect of resveratrol administration on metabolic syndrome, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion

Effect of resveratrol administration on metabolic syndrome, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion

Resveratrol modulates roscovitine-mediated cell cycle arrest of human MCF-7 breast cancer cells

Human MCF-7 breast cancer cells are relatively resistant to anti-cancer drugs. Recently, we reported that roscovitine (ROSC), a selective cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, arrested human MCF-7 breast cancer cells in G 2 phase of the cell cycle and concomitantly induced apoptosis. Moreover, we observed that the effect of the CDK inhibitor was dependent on the content of the culture medium. The cell cycle inhibiting action of ROSC was markedly diminished in human MCF-7 cells cultivated in medium supplemented with phenol red. These observations indicated that the therapeutic effects of ROSC can be affected by the components of the tissue medium. Recently, a number of epidemiological and experimental studies indicated that polyphenols (e.g. resveratrol, epicatechins etc.), abundant micronutrients in food, are anti-oxidant agents and could have strong anti-mitotic as well as pro-apoptotic activities. In the present contribution we raised the question whether the ROSC-mediated cell cycle arrest could be additionally modulated by compounds of natural origin, especially by polyphenols. Considering the potential benefits of the dietary components during the post-chemotherapy period, we focused our attention on the effects of resveratrol administration after treatment with ROSC. We analyzed whether the combined treatment with resveratrol would exert any additional effect on the cell cycle status of ROSC-treated human cancer cells. Resveratrol exhibited low direct cytotoxicity. The combined treatment with ROSC enhanced the ROSC-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest. These results indicate that targeted combination of anti-cancer drugs with distinct naturally occurring compounds could increase the efficacy of the therapy and concomitantly reduce the undesired side effects exerted by cytostatic drugs.