Effect Of Private Self-consciousness Research Articles

The effect of private self-consciousness on the intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine

<b>Background:</b> Although COVID-19 vaccines have been developed, the number of people willing to receive the vaccine has not yet reached the level for herd immunity. Using the health belief model with governmental information support, this study examined private self-consciousness in combination with other factors that influence the intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine.<br /> <b>Materials and methods:</b> The perceived susceptibility to and perceived seriousness of COVID-19, perceived benefits of and perceived barriers to the COVID-19 vaccine, governmental information support, private self-consciousness, and the intention to receive the vaccine were examined in 523 adults. The data were analyzed with partial least squares regression.<br /> <b>Results:</b> The results indicate that private self-consciousness reduces the effect of perceived susceptibility on the intention to receive the vaccine and the negative effect of the perceived barriers to receiving it on intention.<br /> <b>Conclusion:</b> The information provided by the public health department should focus on perceived seriousness and perceived benefits because they are not affected by private self-consciousness.

Social Information Processing and the Verbal and Physical Abuse of Women

This study examined the relationship between personality and the abuse of women. Relatively unexplored variables such as authoritarianism, private self-consciousness, and adversarial sexual beliefs were examined along with sex-role attitudes. It was predicted that personality variables with a social information processing orientation (i.e., private self-consciousness and adversarial sexual beliefs) would be more closely associated with abuse than generalized, attitudinal variables (i.e., sex-role attitudes and authoritarianism). One hundred forty-nine men completed a questionnaire containing the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS), Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale, Self-Consciousness Scale, Adversarial Sexual Beliefs Scale (ASB), and the Attitudes Toward Women Scale. The results show that scores on the ASB are most closely associated with the CTS scores. Also, there was a borderline significant effect of private self-consciousness on verbal abuse scores. The results suggest that aspects of social information processing are more closely associated with abuse than are general, attitudinal variables.

Private self-consciousness and the five-factor model of personality: distinguishing rumination from reflection.

A distinction between ruminative and reflective types of private self-attentiveness is introduced and evaluated with respect to L. R. Goldberg's (1982) list of 1,710 English trait adjectives (Study 1), the five-factor model of personality (FFM) and A. Fenigstein, M. F. Scheier, and A. Buss's (1975) Self-Consciousness Scales (Study 2), and previously reported correlates and effects of private self-consciousness (PrSC; Studies 3 and 4). Results suggest that the PrSC scale confounds two unrelated, motivationally distinct dispositions--rumination and reflection--and that this confounding may account for the "self-absorption paradox" implicit in PrSC research findings: Higher PrSC scores are associated with more accurate and extensive self-knowledge yet higher levels of psychological distress. The potential of the FFM to provide a comprehensive framework for conceptualizing self-attentive dispositions, and to order and integrate research findings within this domain, is discussed.

Effect of Private Self-Consciousness and Success Outcome on Causal Dimensions

Abstract Recent research has shown that individuals high in private self-consciousness generally make more self-attributions following hypothetical outcomes than those low in private self-consciousness. The purpose of this study was to replicate and extend past research in assessing the attributional responses of such individuals in real outcome and no-outcome conditions. French-Canadian female college students (N = 62) performed an achievement task and were then informed that they had done well (success outcome) or were not informed at all (no outcome). The subjects then rated the perceived causal dimensions of the attributed cause of the outcome. Results of an ANOVA revealed the presence of an interaction. Subjects high in private self-consciousness who had been informed that they had done well (success outcome) made more internal, stable, and controllable attributions than subjects low in private self-consciousness. Subjects low in private self-consciousness tended to make more internal, stable, and co...

The effects of private self-consciousness and perspective taking on satisfaction in close relationships.

The effects of private self-consciousness and perspective taking on satisfaction in close relationships.

The effects of private self-consciousness and perspective taking on satisfaction in close relationships.

We extended the scope of recent studies in which self-awareness and perspective taking have been used as predictors of social competence or adjustment: We analyzed their influence on the satisfaction experienced in monogamous, heterosexual relationships. Members of 131 couples answered questions concerning themselves and their relationships. We predicted that individual differences in private self-consciousness would be positively related to relationship satisfaction because of the greater self-disclosure resulting from that heightened self-attention. Second, we predicted that individual differences in perspective taking would foster relationship satisfaction, independent of any influence of self-disclosure. Both expectations were confirmed. Scores on the private self-consciousness scale were predictive of reported self-disclosure, and self-disclosure was predictive of satisfaction in the relationship. Furthermore, once the influence of self-disclosure was removed, no effect of self-consciousness on satisfaction remained. In contrast, after disclosure was controlled, perspective-taking scores were significantly related to satisfaction and were in fact unrelated to disclosure at all. These findings indicate that two personality characteristics having to do with habitual attention to behavioral tendencies, to emotions, and to motivations significantly enhance the quality of close heterosexual relationships in different ways. Results are discussed in terms of current theory in the related fields.

Resolving the relationships between placebos, misattribution, and insomnia: an individual-differences perspective.

In Storms and Nisbett's (1970) original study of therapeutic misattributions, insomniacs given a placebo "arousal" pill went to sleep faster, whereas insomniacs given a placebo "relaxer" pill took longer than usual to fall asleep. This reverse placebo effect has been difficult to replicate; indeed, in several instances significant placebo effects have been obtained. In the present study we reasoned that insomniacs who are more attentive to internal bodily processes would be more apt to yield a reverse placebo effect, whereas those attentive to external stimuli would be more likely to be directly influenced by the suggested effects of the placebo. Thirty insomniacs completed trait measures of private body consciousness, private self-consciousness, and self-esteem. The procedure of Storms and Nisbett was then replicated. As predicted, subjects with high private body consciousness exhibited a stronger reverse placebo effect than did those subjects low on this dimension. Subsequent analyses revealed that this effect was entirely attributable to the low- rather than to the high-self-esteem participants. The effect of private self-consciousness was nonsignificant in all analyses. Theoretical implications are discussed.

The roles of self-esteem and self-consciousness in the Wortman-Brehm model of reactance and learned helplessness.

The present experiments were designed to study the conditions under which failure would enhance or inhibit subsequent task performance. Based on the theory of Wortman and Brehm (1975), it was expected that small amounts of failure would produce reactance (manifested by improved performance at a subsequent task), whereas large amounts would lead to learned helplessness (i.e., impaired later performance). It was further expected that individual differences in self-esteem and private self-consciousness would serve as moderator variables for the above effects. In Experiment 1, subjects were exposed to either a small amount of failure or no failure before working on an anagrams task. As predicted, subjects high in self-consciousness, who have shown greater reactance arousal in attitude change studies, performed better on the anagrams task than subjects low in self-consciousness in the small-failure condition, but not in the no-failure condition. Further analyses revealed that this Self-Consciousness X Small Failure interaction was attributable to the performance data of the low, but not the high self-esteem subjects. Experiment 2 was designed to replicate and extend these results. Subjects were pretreated with either a small amount of failure, an extended amount of failure, or no failure before working on the anagrams task. A significant Self-Esteem X Helplessness Training interaction emerged. Relative to the no-failure condition, in which the two self-esteem groups did not differ, low self-esteem participants (low SEs) performed marginally better than did high self-esteem individuals (high SEs) in the small-failure condition but significantly worse than high SEs in the extended-failure condition. The effect of private self-consciousness was considerably weaker in this study, possibly because the sample included few low SEs (who are especially influenced by self-focused attention) who were also relatively low in self-consciousness. Questionnaire data from Experiment 2 were consistent with the notion that enhanced performance reflected reactance, whereas impaired performance signified helplessness.