Effect Of Positive Emotion Research Articles

The impact of compassion on organisational identification: mediating role of positive emotion

In recent years, compassion has attracted the attention of organisational psychologists as there is a huge scope of exploring the domain of compassion in the literature on organisational behaviour. This study fills the gap by investigating the impact of compassion on organisational identification by conducting a survey among the employees working in the financial sector of India. For testing the theoretical model, a sample of 454 respondents was used, and for analysing the data, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were employed. The findings indicated that compassion directly affects organisational identification, but indirectly impacts through the mediating effect of positive emotion. The theoretical model as well as all the propositions was supported, and depending on the finding, we proposed both the practical and theoretical implications. Managers need to develop compassionate acts among members in the workplace, which in turn will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of an organisation.

Neuroscience Analysis Approach to Investigating the Effect of Positive and Negative Emotion on Decision-Maker’s Business Problem-Solving Creativity under Uncertainty

본 연구에서는 경영의사결정 과제 수행 시 의사결정자의 감성이 의사결정의 대안선택 성향과 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 어떠한 인지적 특정을 갖는지 확인하기 위하여, 행동실험을 수행함과 동시에 뉴로사이언스 연구방법 중 하나인 뇌파(EEG) 측정을 통한 실증적 연구를 수행하였다. 특히 본 연구에서는 의사결정자가 불확실성이 수반된 경영 의사결정문제를 해결하고자 할 때 긍정, 부정감성이 의사결정의 성과, 즉 비즈니스 문제해결 창의성에 어떻게 영향을 주는지를 뉴로사이언스 관점에서 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 부정적 감성상태와 긍정적 감성상태의 두 그룹으로 구분된 피실험자들에게 퍼지인식도를 작성하는 경영의사결정 과제를 수행하게 하였으며, 과제 수행 시 피실험자들의 뇌파활동과 의사결정 활동의 결과물에 대한 성과, 즉 비즈니스 문제해결 창의성을 측정 하였다. 연구 결과 불확실성에 대처하는 의사결정자의 의사결정 성향과 의사결정 성과에 있어서 부정적 감성 그룹과 긍정적 감성 그룹 간에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 특히, 부정감성 그룹이 긍정감성 그룹보다 불확실성에 보다 관대한 성향을 보였으며, 의사결정의 성과가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 우려 등과 같은 부정적 감성이 경영의사결정 상황과 같은 맥락에서 긍정적 감성보다 높은 비즈니스 문제해결 창의성 성과를 낼 수 있음을 보여주는 것이라 할 수 있다. 또한, 과제 수행 시 측정한 뇌파 데이터의 분석결과, 부정감성 그룹과 긍정감성 그룹 간에 의사결정 과제 수행 시 활성화되는 뇌파의 종류와 발현되는 부위간에 유의미한 차이가 있는 것이 확인되어, 인지 과정 상에도 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 즉, 의사결정 과제 수행 시 부정감성 그룹에게는 창의성 발현과 관련된 뇌 영역 및 뇌파 활성화 수준이 상대적으로 높게 나타났으며, 이를 통해 행동실험의 결과를 뉴로사이언스 방법으로도 지지할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

The Effect of Resilience on Perceived Stress - The Mediating Effect of Positive Emotion and Cognitive Flexibility

본 연구는 대학생의 탄력성 향상과 스트레스 감소를 위한 기초연구로서, 선행연구를 통해 대학생의 스트레스에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타난 요인들을 검토하여 그 관계를 살펴보았다. 이를 바탕으로 대학생이 지각한 스트레스, 탄력성, 긍정정서, 인지적 유연성 간의 구조모형을 설정하여 각 변인들 간의 직․간접효과를 규명하였다. 본 연구를 위해 대구․경북에 소재하고 있는 4개 대학 대학생 352명이 응답한 설문이 사용되었다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 지각된 스트레스는 탄력성과 부적 상관관계를 보이고, 긍정정서와 인지적 유연성과도 부적 상관을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 탄력성과 긍정정서, 인지적 유연성은 정적 상관을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 긍정정서와 인지적 유연성 간의 관계도 정적 상관을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 토대로 구조 방정식을 통해 긍정정서, 인지적 유연성 각각의 매개효과를 검증한 결과 두 모형 모두 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 이에 두 매개 변인 중 어느 것이 지각된 스트레스를 더 많이 설명하는지 알아보기 위해 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였고, 그 결과 인지적 유연성보다 긍정정서의 설명량이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 연구의 시사점과 제한점에 대하여 논의하였다.

Resilience, Pain Interference, and Upper Limb Loss: Testing the Mediating Effects of Positive Emotion and Activity Restriction on Distress

ObjectiveTo test mediating effects of positive emotion and activity restriction on the associations of resilience and pain interference with distress reported by individuals with traumatic upper limb loss evaluated for prosthetics. DesignCross-sectional correlational study of several demographic and self-report measures of resilience, pain interference, activity restriction, positive emotions, and symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress. SettingSix regional centers throughout the United States. ParticipantsA total of 263 prospective participants consented to be evaluated for eligibility and need for upper extremity prosthetics; participants (N=202; 57 women [28.2%] and 145 men [71.8%]; mean age, 41.81±14.83y; range, 18.01–72.95y) who sustained traumatic injuries were retained in this study. Most of them were identified as white (70.8%; n=143), followed by black (10.4%; n=21), Hispanic (9.9%; n=20), Asian (3.0%; n=6), other (1.5%; n=3), and missing (4.5%; n=9). InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcome MeasuresPrimary Care Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screen and depression screen. ResultsResilience and pain interference were significantly correlated in predicted directions with positive emotions, activity restriction, and the 2 distress variables. A path model revealed that the associations of resilience and pain interference with both distress variables were completely mediated by positive emotions and activity restriction. There were no significant direct effects of resilience or pain interference on either distress variable. ConclusionsResilience may facilitate adjustment via beneficial and predicted associations with positive emotions and active engagement with the environment. These relations are independent of the significant and inverse associations of pain interference with these same variables. Longitudinal research is needed to understand interactions between positive emotions and activity over time in promoting adjustment after traumatic limb loss. Individuals reporting depression and/or posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms may require interventions that reduce avoidance and promote activities that may increase the likelihood of experiencing positive emotions.

Gender difference in effect of positive emotion on consolidation of memory for definitions of English vocabulary

Research questions: This study examined gender difference in the effect of post-learning positive emotion on consolidation of memory for definitions of English vocabulary. Methodology: A 2 (emotion group: neutral and positive) × 2 (gender: male and female) × 2 (emotion duration: 3 and 9 min) design was used. Participants memorized Chinese definitions of English words, took an immediate test, watched a neutral (lasting for 3 or 9 min) or positive (lasting for 3 or 9 min) video, and took a delayed memory test. Data and Analysis: Data of male ( n = 59) and female ( n = 67) participants were analyzed. For evaluation of emotion induction, a 3 (time: before watching, during watching, and after watching) × 2 (emotion group: neutral and positive) × 2 (gender: male and female) × 2 (emotion duration: 3 and 9 min) was respectively conducted on pleasure and arousal ratings. For memory performance, a similar analysis of variance without time as a factor was conducted. Findings: With a 3-min duration, positive emotion had little effect on memory consolidation. However, with a 9-min duration, positive emotion tended to impair memory consolidation for males but not for females. Originality: Extending the literature showing females’ superiority in memory for words and pictures, this study shows that female students also have memory advantage in English vocabulary. Furthermore, this is the first study suggesting that memory consolidation of male students is more likely to be disrupted by a relatively long duration of positive emotion after learning. Significance/implications: The current finding on gender difference may shed new light on employing emotion as a strategy of memory intervention. There seems to be a need to keep males rather than females from post-learning positive emotion, especially when emotion duration is relatively long.

Effects of Positive Emotion on Emotional Stability, Emotional Regulation, and Father-Adolescent Attachment

Effects of Positive Emotion on Emotional Stability, Emotional Regulation, and Father-Adolescent Attachment

The Effect of Positive Emotion on Interpersonal Competence: The Exploration of path model among Experiential Avoidance, Self-Compassion, and Cognitive Empathy

The Effect of Positive Emotion on Interpersonal Competence: The Exploration of path model among Experiential Avoidance, Self-Compassion, and Cognitive Empathy

The buffering effects of positive emotion on the relationship between interpersonal conflict and relationship damage

The purpose of the present research was to examine the buffering effects of positive emotion on the relationship between interpersonal conflict and relationship damage. The present research proposed the moderated mediation model in which perceived interactional injustice from the other party in conflict situations has an effect on relationship damage via residual emotion, and the strength of the mediation effect is weakened by the experience of positive emotion. Results from a sample of 215 participants showed that the strength of the mediated effects of perceived injustice on relationship damage through residual emotion was weaker at higher levels of positive emotion than at lower levels of positive emotion. These findings support the buffering effects of positive emotion on the relationship between perceived injustice in conflict and relationship damage, suggesting that the experience of positive emotion can serve as a protective factor against the negative effect of interpersonal conflict on relationship maintenance. The discussion focuses on implications of the findings in terms of conflict management, limitations and suggestions for future research.

Effects of positive emotion on thought-action repertories and physiological responses regarding helpful behavior

Effects of positive emotion on thought-action repertories and physiological responses regarding helpful behavior

Emotion and multimedia learning: an investigation of the effects of valence and arousal on different modalities in an instructional animation

Previous emotion studies in education have focused mainly on the superiority of positive emotion for learning performance (e.g., enjoyment) over negative emotion (e.g., fear). However, few studies have considered different arousal levels in terms of learners’ emotion. For example, the effects of calm positive or negative emotion have not been discussed, when compared to arousing positive or negative emotion. Based on the limited Capacity model of motivated mediated message processing (LC4MP), this study investigated how learners’ emotional valence and arousal, induced by video clips, influenced their learning performance and mental effort in an animated instruction with different modalities (written-text versus spoken-text). A total of 206 participants were randomly assigned to eight groups: (a) calm positive, (b) calm negative (c) arousing positive, and (d) arousing negative emotions under different modality conditions (written and spoken). The results showed that both arousing groups outperformed calm groups on a recall test only in the written-text group regardless of valence, while emotional valence and arousal did not significantly influence learning performance in the spoken-text group. The results provide partial support for the LC4MP model and imply that the arousing emotional state has the potential to enhance multimedia learning.

The collective benefits of feeling good and letting go: positive emotion and (dis)inhibition interact to predict cooperative behavior.

Cooperation is central to human existence, forming the bedrock of everyday social relationships and larger societal structures. Thus, understanding the psychological underpinnings of cooperation is of both scientific and practical importance. Recent work using a dual-process framework suggests that intuitive processing can promote cooperation while deliberative processing can undermine it. Here we add to this line of research by more specifically identifying deliberative and intuitive processes that affect cooperation. To do so, we applied automated text analysis using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software to investigate the association between behavior in one-shot anonymous economic cooperation games and the presence inhibition (a deliberative process) and positive emotion (an intuitive process) in free-response narratives written after (Study 1, N = 4,218) or during (Study 2, N = 236) the decision-making process. Consistent with previous results, across both studies inhibition predicted reduced cooperation while positive emotion predicted increased cooperation (even when controlling for negative emotion). Importantly, there was a significant interaction between positive emotion and inhibition, such that the most cooperative individuals had high positive emotion and low inhibition. This suggests that inhibition (i.e., reflective or deliberative processing) may undermine cooperative behavior by suppressing the prosocial effects of positive emotion.

On the Emotion Regulation in the Training of Physical Education

Emotion is a kind of inner feeling on the surrounding objective things and phenomenon. In the physical education training, it is often the case that students will do effective exercise easily and have clear concept and learn quickly if they are with high spirits and in good mood during the training. In contrast, a negative emotional state will significantly affect and delay the completion of an action, or even cause a sports injury. The results show that the effective regulation of students' emotion in the sports can improve the students’ interest in learning, stimulate their curiosity and pleasant emotional experience. The effect of positive or negative emotion in the training of physical education is very obvious. Therefore, emotion has a great influence on the teaching effect.

Variety-seeking as an emotional coping strategy for chronically indecisive consumers

The present research provides evidence that variety-seeking is a generalized emotional coping strategy for chronically indecisive consumers. Recent research reveals that (1) chronic indecisiveness is associated with increased variety-seeking behavior and (2) chronically indecisive consumers (vs. not) feel more positive after choosing a mix of products. The present research demonstrates that chronically indecisive consumers’ increased tendency to seek variety can be further inflated by inducing them to experience negative emotion unrelated to the choice task. This finding is directly at odds with past research that has repeatedly found an increasing effect of positive emotion on variety-seeking behavior. The present research shows that this effect does not hold for chronically indecisive consumers, who variety-seek even more when made to feel negative.

Positive emotion can protect against source memory impairment

Despite widespread belief that memory is enhanced by emotion, evidence also suggests that emotion can impair memory. Here we test predictions inspired by object-based binding theory, which states that memory enhancement or impairment depends on the nature of the information to be retrieved. We investigated emotional memory in the context of source retrieval, using images of scenes that were negative, neutral or positive in valence. At study each scene was paired with a colour and during retrieval participants reported the source colour for recognised scenes. Critically, we isolated effects of valence by equating stimulus arousal across conditions. In Experiment 1 colour borders surrounded scenes at study: memory impairment was found for both negative and positive scenes. Experiment 2 used colours superimposed over scenes at study: valence affected source retrieval, with memory impairment for negative scenes only. These findings challenge current theories of emotional memory by showing that emotion can impair memory for both intrinsic and extrinsic source information, even when arousal is equated between emotional and neutral stimuli, and by dissociating the effects of positive and negative emotion on episodic memory retrieval.

Dissociable influences of reward motivation and positive emotion on cognitive control.

It is becoming increasingly appreciated that affective and/or motivational influences contribute strongly to goal-oriented cognition and behavior. An unresolved question is whether emotional manipulations (i.e., direct induction of affectively valenced subjective experience) and motivational manipulations (e.g., delivery of performance-contingent rewards and punishments) have similar or distinct effects on cognitive control. Prior work has suggested that reward motivation can reliably enhance a proactive mode of cognitive control, whereas other evidence is suggestive that positive emotion improves cognitive flexibility, but reduces proactive control. However, a limitation of the prior research is that reward motivation and positive emotion have largely been studied independently. Here, we directly compared the effects of positive emotion and reward motivation on cognitive control with a tightly matched, within-subjects design, using the AX-continuous performance task paradigm, which allows for relative measurement of proactive versus reactive cognitive control. High-resolution pupillometry was employed as a secondary measure of cognitive dynamics during task performance. Robust increases in behavioral and pupillometric indices of proactive control were observed with reward motivation. The effects of positive emotion were much weaker, but if anything, also reflected enhancement of proactive control, a pattern that diverges from some prior findings. These results indicate that reward motivation has robust influences on cognitive control, while also highlighting the complexity and heterogeneity of positive-emotion effects. The findings are discussed in terms of potential neurobiological mechanisms.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.3758/s13415-014-0280-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

사상체질별 긍정적, 부정적 성격특성과 삶의 질의 연관성 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of positive and negative emotion on the quality of life(QoL) in each Sasang contitution, using Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS) and Short Form-12 Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-12) questionnaire. Methods A total of 1,123 participants completed the Korean version of the PANAS and SF-12 questionnaire. The participants were classified into one Sasang constitution by QSCC II. The effects of emotion on the QoL were compared between the each Sasang contitution using analysis of variance(ANOVA). Results We found significant differences between constitutions in Positive Affect(PA), PA-Joy, PA-Interest and PA-Activation of PANAS. And we found significant differences between constitutions in Mental Component Summary(MCS) of SF-12. Negative correlation of less -0.4 was shown in Negative Affect(NA), NA-Afraid, NA-Upset of PANAS and MCS of SF-12. Conclusions The Soyangin has significantly higher score than Soeumin in PA, PA-Joy, PA-Interest and PA-Activation of PANAS as previous studies. This study also shows the correlation between negative emotion and decline in the quality of mental status.

지각된 인터넷 패션 쇼핑몰 특성이 긍정적 쇼핑 감정과 관계의 질에 미치는 영향

Abstract The purpose of the study was to investigate whether customer perception on internet fashion shopping mall characteristics influences positive emotion on internet shopping and relationship formation. For data collection, a questionnaire was administrated from February 20th to March 3th in 2012 to 362 adults who have purchased the products from internet fashion shopping mall. The analysis explores the effect of internet shopping mall characteristics on positive shopping emotion and relationship quality. It also tests the mediation effect of positive shopping emotion for the influence of internet fashion shopping mall characteristics on relationship quality. The results are as follows. First, the perceived internet fashion shopping mall characteristics had positive effects on relationship quality. Second, the perceived internet fashion shopping mall characteristics had positively effects on positive shopping emotion. Third, the effect of positive shopping emotion had positive effects on relationship quality. Fourth, the effect of perceived internet fashion shopping mall characteristics on relationship quality, mediated by positive shopping emotion, was shown to be none. Keywords: shopping mall(쇼핑몰), characteristics(특성), positive(긍정적) shopping emotion(쇼핑 감정), relationship quality(관계의 질)

중년기 부부갈등이 부부적응에 미치는 영향 -긍정감정과 성역할태도의 매개효과-

본 연구는 중년기 성인을 대상으로 부부갈등이 부부 적응에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 부부갈등과 부부적응의 관계에서 긍정감정 및 성역할태도의 매개효과를 검증하기 위해 구조방정식 모델을 적용하여 분석하였다. 연구 참여자는 총 270명의 중년기 기혼 남녀이며 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였으며 2012년 4월 12일에서 6월 24일까지 자료를 수집하였다. 연구결과, 부부갈등은 부부 적응에 유의한 직접적인 영향력을 가졌고 긍정감정은 부부갈등과 부부 적응 간의 관계에서 유의한 부분매개효과를 보였으나 성역할태도는 부부갈등과 부부 적응간의 관계에서 매개관계가 성립되지 않았다. 수정모형의 적합도 지수들은 양호하게 나타났으며( <TEX>${\chi}^2$</TEX>=38.90 표준<TEX>${\chi}^2$</TEX>=1.77(CMIN/df), GFI=.97, AGFI=.94, NFI=.98, SRMR=.02, CFI=.99, RMSEA=.05) 부부 적응에 대한 모형의 설명력은 88.9%였다. 이러한 결과는 부부갈등과 긍정감정을 변화시킴으로서 중년기의 부부 적응을 증진시킬 수 있음을 의미한다. 본 연구결과는 효율적인 부부교육 프로그램 개발 및 부부관계증진 전략 개발에 기여할 것이다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of marital conflicts on dyadic adjustment and the mediating effects of positive emotion and sex-role attitude. The participants were total 270 middle-aged married people and data was collected from April 12 to June 24 in 2014. The data was collected with structured questionnaire and analyzed with the SPSS 17.0 and AMOS 18.0 programs. Results were as follows. First, marital conflicts had a significant direct effect and indirect effect through the mediation of positive emotion on dyadic adjustment. Second, positive emotion had a significant mediating effect but sex-role attitude did not. Third, The modified model showed a good fitness indices( <TEX>${\chi}^2$</TEX>=38.90 standardized <TEX>${\chi}^2$</TEX>=1.77(CMIN/df), GFI=.97, AGFI=.94, NFI=.98, SRMR=.02, CFI=.99, RMSEA=.05) and explanation power was 88.9%. These results suggest that middle-aged dyadic adjustment can be improved by increasing positive emotion. This study results will be contribute to develop intervention program for enhancement of marital relationship and education program for middle-aged.

硕士研究生积极情绪与生活满意度的关系：生命意义感的作用

研究目的：探讨大学生积极情绪、生命意义感和生活满意度的关系，为大学生的心理健康教育提供一定借鉴。方法：选取陕西省三所大学硕士研究生266名，用正负性情绪量表(PANAS)、中文版生命意义感问卷(C-MLQ)和生活满意度评定量表(CSLSS)进行测查。结果：男生的积极情绪和生命意义感得分均高于女生(p Objective: To explore the relationship among positive emotion, meaning in life and life satisfaction in master students, and to provide reference for their mental health. Methods: Measured 266 graduates from three colleges in Shaanxi Province with the positive Sub-Scale of Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Chinese Meaning in Life Questionnaire (C-MLQ) and Life Satisfaction Scales Applicable to College Students (CSLSS). Results: The males’ mean score of positive emotion and meaning in life is higher than females’ (p < 0.05), but males’ life satisfaction scored lower than females’ (p < 0.05). There were significantly positive correlation among the scores of positive emotion, meaning in life and life satisfaction (r = 0.29 - 0.31, p < 0.01); The effect of positive emotion on life satisfaction was mediated (the mediating effect was 0.06, p < 0.05) and moderated (β = −0.18, p < 0.05) by meaning in life, compared to higher meaning in life, the effect of positive emotion on life satisfaction was much stronger for less meaning in life. Conclusion: Meaning in life played a mediating and moderating role in the relationship between positive emotion and life satisfaction in master students.

Positive Emotion and (Dis)Inhibition Interact to Predict Cooperative Behavior

Cooperation is central to human existence, forming the bedrock of everyday social relationships and larger societal structures. Thus, understanding the psychological underpinnings of cooperation is of both scientific and practical importance. Recent work using a dual-process framework suggests that intuitive processing can promote cooperation while deliberative processing can undermine it. Here we add to this line of research by more specifically identifying deliberative and intuitive processes that affect cooperation. To do so, we applied automated text analysis using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software to investigate the association between behavior in one-shot anonymous economic cooperation games and the presence inhibition (a deliberative process) and positive emotion (an intuitive process) in free-response narratives written after (Study 1, N=4,218) or during (Study 2, N=236) the decision-making process. Consistent with previous results, across both studies inhibition predicted reduced cooperation while positive emotion predicted increased cooperation (even when controlling for negative emotion). Importantly, there was a significant interaction between positive emotion and inhibition, such that the most cooperative individuals had high positive emotion and low inhibition. This suggests that inhibition (i.e., reflective or deliberative processing) may undermine cooperative behavior by suppressing the prosocial effects of positive emotion.