Effect Of Planting Time Research Articles

The effects of planting time on fatty acids and tocopherols in chickpea

In Turkey, as an important producer, chickpea is generally planted in March and April during spring. However, spring plantings have the disadvantage of unstable yield and quality from year to year due to irregularity in spring precipitation. In this research, fatty acids and tocopherol contents in different chickpea genotypes were investigated for consecutive 2 years with both autumn and spring plantings. Tocopherol analyses were carried out by using a high performance liquid chromatography. Gamma tocopherol was the major component of total tocopherol content and it ranged between 15.34 and 42.09 mg kg−1. Alpha tocopherol content ranged between 4.55 and 10.69 mg kg−1. Depending on planting time, the values of tocopherol components changed significantly. The mean values for alpha tocopherol were 6.77 mg kg−1 for autumn and 7.55 mg kg−1 for spring plantings; while the mean values for gamma tocopherol were 33.32 mg kg−1 for autumn and 22.50 mg kg−1 for spring plantings, respectively. Fatty acids, quantified using a gas chromatography, indicated that differences among the genotypes were significant. The values for autumn planting were generally higher than those of spring planting. The values of major fatty acids changed between 18.57 and 35.23% for oleic acid and 47.15 and 63.44% for linoleic acid. According to planting time the mean values for oleic acid changed between 21.23 and 30.52% and for linoleic acid between 51.77 and 60.79%.

Effect of planting time on growth and yield of four promising pointed gourd genotypes

Effect of planting time on growth and yield of four promising pointed gourd genotypes

Effect of planting time of cuttings on growth of cutting of Populus deltoides under nursery conditions

The present study was carried out to determine the optimum time of insertion of Populus deltoides cuttings in nursery. Among the various planting dates tried, cuttings inserted during first fortnight of January and first fortnight of February produced plants of maximum mean height and basal diameter, respectively. Minimum plant height and diameter was recorded when cuttings were inserted during first fortnight of March. The results of present study suggested that poplar cuttings should be planted in nursery during first fortnight of February.

Interactive effects of planting time and mulching on ‘Chandler’ strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa Duch.)

Abstract Studies were conducted in ‘Chandler’ strawberry with the aim to optimize planting time and mulching material under the semi-arid region of north Indian plains. Three planting times viz., mid-September, mid-October and mid-November and three mulch materials viz., black polyethylene (50 μm), clear polyethylene (50 μm) and paddy straw (10 cm thickness) were tried with three replications in a split plot design. Mid-September planting favoured plant growth, enhanced flowering (77.3 days), which resulted in production of significantly larger fruit (13.0 g) and higher yield (174.4 g/plant) with fruit having higher TSS (9.23%), acidity (1.22%) and ascorbic acid content (44.1 mg/100 g of pulp) with lesser incidence of albinism (9.6%) and botrytis rot (8.1%) than other plantings. Plants mulched with black polyethylene have significantly better growth, and they flowered (80.2 days) and fruited early (29.2 days), and produced larger fruit (12.6 g) and higher yield (172.4 g/plant), with slightly higher incidence of albinism (20.1%), but with lower incidence of botrytis rot (7.3%) than those mulched either with clear polyethylene or paddy straw. Planting time × mulching interaction has significantly influenced plant growth; flowering and fruiting; fruit yield and quality, and albinism and botrytis rot. Plants have best growth parameters like, plant height (11.2 cm), crown spread (24.1 cm) and leaf area (87.9 cm 2 ), they took lesser days to flowering (73.7 days) and fruiting (31.3 days), produced larger fruit (13.7 g) and higher yield (191.3 g/plant) with fruit having higher TSS (9.41%), acidity (1.17%) and higher ascorbic acid content (46.4 mg/100 g pulp) with a slightly higher incidence of albinism (10.3%), but comparatively lower incidence of botrytis rot (5.2%) when planted during mid-September and mulched with black polyethylene than other plantings and mulched either with clear polyethylene or paddy straw. These studies indicated that strawberry could be planted in mid-September with black polyethylene mulch under semi-arid regions of India for early fruiting, and higher yield of better quality fruits.

Estado nutricional do arroz cultivado em diferentes épocas e adubações sob cobertura morta

Com o objetivo de se avaliar o efeito de épocas de plantio e da adubação sobre o estado nutricional do arroz (Oryza sativa L. variedade "Maravilha") no final do ciclo, conduziu-se um experimento no município de Igarapé-Açu, Pará, num Latossolo Amarelo coeso típico. Testaram-se quatro épocas de plantio e duas adubações, com delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas. A avaliação do estado nutricional foi feita na palhada e nos grãos. As maiores concentrações de N, P, Ca, B e Cu, foram observadas nos grãos e as maiores concentrações de K, Mg, S, Fe, Mn e Zn, na matéria seca das plantas. As concentrações dos nutrientes foram afetadas significativamente pelas épocas de plantio 1 e 2, sem que este fato impedisse a observação de concentrações consideradas adequadas nas plantas e grãos. A adubação com mais P promoveu significativos aumentos nos teores de Cu e Zn na planta, e de P, K, Ca e Zn nos grãos. Ocorreu interação significativa entre as épocas de plantio e adubações, apenas para as concentrações de Cu na planta e de Ca e Zn nos grãos. No período de maior precipitação observaram-se as maiores concentrações de P e micronutrientes nas plantas.

播種期および施肥がメヒシバ自殖2系統の形質におよぼす影響

播種期および施肥がメヒシバ自殖2系統の形質におよぼす影響

Effect of planting time, fertility level and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on growth, yield and yield attributes of winter maize (Zea mays) under rice (Oryza sativa)-maize cropping system

An experement was conducted during winters of 2000-01 and 2001-02 to find out effect of planting time, fer- tility level and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on winter maize (Zea mays L.) after rice (Oryza sativa L.) at Varanasi, on sandy-loam soil conditions of eastern plain zone of Uttar Pradesh. Delay in planting from 15 De- cember to 30 December decreased the maize yield by 19.25% with mean reduction of 82.7 kg maize yieldlhal day. Fertility level up to 180, 90 and 60 kg N, P,O,and K,O/ha significantly improved growth, yield and yield at- tributes. On the basis of the 2 years average data (pooled), the increase in maize yield was 52.6 and 82.97% with 120, 60 and 40 kg N, P,O, and K,Olha and 180, 90 and 60 kg N, P,O, and K,Olha, respectively, over 60, 30 and 20 kg N, P20,and K20/ha. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) inoculation alone or along with 5 tonnes FYMIha and no-PSB inoculation also differed significantly with regarding to above parameters. The maximum maize yield was abtained with PSB inoculation along with 5 tonnes FYMIha, whereas no-PSB inoculation gave the minimum maize yield.

Effect of planting time and nitrogen on productioh potential of basmati rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars in Bihar plateau

A field experiment was conducted during rainy season of 1996-97 on clay- loam soil a! Ranchi to study the effect of transplanting time (7 and 22 July) and nitrogen levels (60, 80 and 100 kglha) on production potential and profitability of scented rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars (~ugandha, Basmati 370, Pusa Basrnati 1 and BR 10), A split-plot design was followed keeping transplanting time in main plot and combinations of varieties and nitrogen levels in subplot, with 3 replications. Timely tran~planted~(7 July) crop gave 17.2, 18.7, 18.8 and 14.4% higher grain yield, net return, net benefit : cost ratio and monetary productivity than late-planted crop (2,225 kg/ha, Rs 18,3191ha net return, 3.41 net benefit : cost ratio and Rs 136.7lhalday monetary productivity). Rice variety Pusa Basmati 1. gave significantly higher grain yield (2,930 kg/ha) wit! physical productivity (21.7 kg/ha/day), net return (Rs 24,372/ha), net benefit : cost ratio (4.54) and rnonetasy productivity (Rs 180.531h Jday) than the remaining.. Each hcrernental level of nitrogen gave significantly higher grain yield over its preceding levet and maximum grain yield (2,647 kg/ha), physical productivity (1 9.94 kg/ha/q), net return (Rs 24,3721ha), net benefit : costratp (4.54) and rndnetary productivity (Rs 180.53/hdday), net return (Rs 22,5361ha) net benefit : cost ratio (4.07) and rnwetary productivity (Rs 162.13lhdday) were obtained at 100 kg *N/ha. Riee Pusa Basmati 1 and Sugandha ?esponded up to 100 kg .wha, whereas Basinati 370 and BR 10 responded only up to 80 and 60 kg/ha respectively. . . . . , .. . ... . . . . . . ~eywqds . rice, planting iime. ~ibogen . . . . . .Bas* . . : . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . .. . liiq Coryza sativa L.), o&.xpying mbte . productiidy of sdented ,ide to e.aqforeign .than90karea,& a domind *@ s&gon exchfuige for,sustainable economic growth . . . cereal -&:e&e&dia. in:~ihar 25% ; of the couptry However, its cultivation is . about of ric-e.arei t5.4 -milliin ha) is under , 9bt as. .gopular. as of coarse rice. A _- . - mediumld fw conseqSetitJy ,information related to ii~u~on;which~~uits~we~1 the cult&atj&&f . .._ . ,free rick. Ihe.refbr8 . . i t is iuit&ility .of. itF..geiiotypes, planting time . .necessitii to inGrease -the. area and and nitrogen nked in.plateau region of . . . . . . . . . - . . .~ . . .~ . . . - . - .. . . . . . . ~ ~ ~. . .. . .. ~ . . ~ .- - - ~ ~. .

Effect of planting time on plant growth, flower and spike production of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.).

Effect of planting time on plant growth, flower and spike production of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.).

Effect of planting time on outcrossing percentage in CMS line seed production of rice

Effect of planting time on outcrossing percentage in CMS line seed production of rice

Planting Time and Seed Density Effects on Potato in Subtropical China

AbstractPlanting times of potato in subtropical China vary and are often not optimal; their effects were studied in association with those of plant density. The research programme included 10 trials at three elevations (500, 750, 1200 m asl) in the spring and autumn seasons of 2 years with several contrasting varieties and different seed origins. Earlier planting in spring increased yield at 500 m asl. This effect was associated with better light use efficiency, higher rates of photosynthesis and more tubers per plant. At 750 m asl the effects of planting time in spring were the opposite: later planting increased yield. At 1200 m asl effects on yield were absent. Effects of planting time in autumn on yield were generally absent at all elevations, although plant stands at early planting were consistently and often severely reduced. Denser planting produced yields that were higher per unit area because of larger accumulated canopy cover but were lower per plant. Higher density consistently reduced plant stand. Density did not interact with planting time, not even in those experiments in which planting time also affected plant stands.Optimal planting time depended on the amount of rainfall prior to planting especially in the autumn season, but also on cultivar and dormancy of the seed tubers used. The earlier variety yielded more than the later variety at low elevation, whereas the later variety yielded more at higher elevation. It is necessary to use cultivars that tuberize early to make better use of the limited growing period at lower elevation. The large variation of dormancy that affects plant growth and yield is caused primarily by differences in accumulated temperature sum (as affected by planting time, elevation of growth and storage, and season), genetics (variety), and their interaction with cultivation techniques.

Growth, Yield and Quality of Peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) as Influenced by Planting Time

ABSTRACT The effect of planting time on plant growth, dry matter and oil yields, and oil quality of peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) in Central Uttar Pradesh was investigated. Maximum dry matter and oil yield were obtained from peppermint planted on December 30, a time when superior crop growth, as compared with other planting dates, could be attributed to favorable light and temperature conditions. Peppermint planted in December produced essential oil high in menthol and menthyl acetate and low in menthone.

Effect of planting time on the yield and quality of essential oil in geraniumPelargonium graveolens

SummaryAn experiment during 1994–95 in Lucknow located in the north central Indian plains evaluated the performance of three cultivars of geranium under different planting times for the optimization of the yield and quality of essential oil. The planting of cv. Algerian in October-November allowed the maximum production of essential oil of 33.9 kg ha−1, while ‘Bourbon’ gave 66 kg oil ha−1 when the crop was planted in October. The optimum planting time for ‘Kelkar’ was December, which permitted the high amount of essential oil of 36 kg ha−1. At the optimum yield level, the essential oils had citronellol and geraniol at 52% and 3.92% in ‘Algerian’, 25% and 20% in ‘Bourbon’, and 20% and 37% in ‘Kelkar’. It was concluded that to obtain the maximum essential oil yield (66 kg ha−1) of a superior quality (25% citronellol and 20% geraniol), cv. Bourbon should be planted in the third week of October and harvested in May in the north Indian plains.

Effect of Planting Time on Growth, Yield and Quality of Spearmint (Mentha spicataL.) under Subtropical Climate of Central Uttar Pradesh

A field experiment was conducted for two years to study the effect of planting time on plant growth, biomass yield, oil yield and quality of spearmint oil (M. spicata L.) in central Uttar Pradesh. Maximum biomass yield (27,500 kg/ha) and oil yield (175.4 kg/ha) were obtained from crop planted on December 30 which was due to better crop growth in terms of plant height, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and oil content. The quality of oil as assessed by carvone content in oil was higher in November-December plantings compared to late plantings. Planting of spearmint in second half of December is recommended under the agro-climatic conditions of Central Uttar Pradesh.

Effects of planting time and mineral fertilization on peppermint (mentha x piperita l.) essential oil composition and its biological activity

AbstractEssential oil samples of Mentha x piperita L. (peppermint) were analysed by GC–MS and assayed for their antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities. The steam‐distilled oil samples were obtained from autumn and spring planted crops which were treated with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers at different rates. The oil samples from spring planted crops had a significantly higher menthol and lower terpinen‐4‐ol concentrations than those from autumn planted crops. Mineral fertilization seemed to increase the content of menthol in the oil, and decreased that of menthone and β‐caryophyllene. The oil samples showed a different degree of inhibition against the twenty‐five microorganisms tested. Some differences were found between the oil samples from autumn and spring planted crops, the former being more active against some microorganisms, and the oil samples from fertilized peppermint seemed to be, on the whole, slightly more effective. Peppermint oil exhibited a marked antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger.

Studies on roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. altissima L.) cultivation in Thailand. II Effect of planting time, harvesting time and climatic factors on fiber yield.

Studies on roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. altissima L.) cultivation in Thailand. II Effect of planting time, harvesting time and climatic factors on fiber yield.

The effect of resistant potato cultivars on a field population of Globodera pallida Pa2 over three years of cropping

SUMMARYSix potato cultivars with different levels of resistance to the white potato cyst nematode (PCN) Globodera pallida Pa2 were grown for three seasons in field plots to which G. pallida Pa2 cysts had been introduced earlier. There were two planting times, corresponding to early and maincrop commercial planting times, and two initial PCN population densities, high and low.The effect of cultivar on PCN population density was far greater than the effect of planting time or initial nematode population. The final PCN populations for the cultivars Ilam Hardy, Wha, 4696A(2), Sovereign, D40/6 and V390 were 151, 74, 27, 1.4, 0.2 and 0.06 eggs per g of soil respectively.It is concluded that resistant potato cultivars can be very effective in controlling G. pallida Pa2 in the field.

Seasonal development of soybean arthropod communities in east central Illinois

Numbers of individuals of arthropod species were sampled by direct observation at four sites in each of three different east central Illinois soybean fields at weekly intervals from plant emergence until harvest. Soybean plant development at each field was monitored throughout the season. The number of species detected in a field was greater at the edge (site A) than in the middle (site D). Site A vs. site D differences in numbers of herbivore species were greater than for predator/parasitoid species. Habitat space development (i.e. plant growth) was correlated with the pattern of soybean field colonization by arthropods: a relatively constant number of species per habitat space existed throughout most of the season in all three fields. The mean number of species per habitat space was higher at site A than at site D for both herbivores and predators/parasitoids. A windbreak at the edge of a field concentrated certain aerially dispersed herbivores at the leeward edge early in the season. Arthropod food webs during most of the season were very complex compared to early season trophic relationships. Suggestions for further study, including investigation of the effects of planting time, row-width, and interplanting on seasonal development of the soybean arthropod community are discussed.

Effect of planting time on growth and seed yield of lupins, peas and vetches on the Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia

The effect of planting time on dry matter production and seed yield in yellow lupin cv. Weiko III, narrow-leafed lupin cv. Uniharvest and cv. Unicrop, field pea cv. Collegian and vetch cv. Blanchefleur was studied near Perth, Western Australia. Planting dates were March 19, April 16, May 14 and June 11. In the lupins and vetch, May and June plantings resulted in delayed emergence (yellow lupin and vetch only) and nodulation, and reductions in dry matter and seed yield. Yields of field peas were increased with later planting. Lupins produced most dry matter, seed and seed protein at the first three plantings but were no better than peas in the June planting. No significant differences in seed yields were found between the lupin cultivars, though in Unicrop seedling growth rates were consistently higher and seed yield tended to be less affected by delays in planting. A sharp drop in seed yield of lupins between the April and May plantings was associated with the production of fewer pods on the lateral axes. The reasons for this are discussed.

Effect of planting time and plant spacing on maize production on the Swan Coastal Plain of Western Australia

Maize was sown at 7.4, 12.4 and 17.3 seeds m-2 every 4 weeks for 12 months. The higher seeding rates gave similar yields; the low seeding rate frequently reduced yield. Dry matter yields of forage at the soft dough stage ranged from 200 g m-2 for crops planted in June to about 1400 g m-2 for crops planted between September and January. Grain yields followed a seasonal pattern similar to forage yields, with oven dry weights exceeding 800 g m-2 for crops sown between August and January inclusive. Crops sown in winter gave low yields because there were few surviving plants, few grains per cob and the grains were small. Crops sown later than February were killed by frost before maturity. Closer spacing resulted in small cobs with a few and smaller grains. Phenological phase lengths varied with planting time and could be estimated from the inverse of mean temperatures above a critical base as the predictor variable. It is concluded that the planting season for high production of maize on the Swan Coastal Plain extends from August to January and that two crops for silage, or one for grain and one for silage, could be grown in one year.