Effects Of Physiological Conditions Research Articles

Distribution of Free D-Amino Acids in Bivalve Mollusks and the Effects of Physiological Conditions on the Levels of D- and L-Alanine in the Tissues of the Hard Clam, <i>Meretrix lusoria</i>

Distribution of Free D-Amino Acids in Bivalve Mollusks and the Effects of Physiological Conditions on the Levels of D- and L-Alanine in the Tissues of the Hard Clam, <i>Meretrix lusoria</i>

Effect of physiological conditions on the autolysis ofStaphylococcus aureus strains

The effect of physiological conditions on autolysis and autolytic activity in various strains of Staphylococcus aureus was determined. The rate of whole cell autolysis of S. aureus was growth phase dependent and a maximum rate was observed in early stationary phase cultures. However, the autolysins extracted by the freeze-thaw method (cell-wall bound autolytic activity) did not show any significant increase in activity. The addition of NaCl to the growth medium enhanced the rate of autolysis with the highest rate being displayed by cultures grown in 1.5 M NaCl. However, lower autolytic activity was found in the freeze-thaw extracts of cultures grown at higher concentrations of NaCl. The rate of autolysis of cultures grown at 30 degrees C was higher than cultures grown at 37 or 43 degrees C. Thus, the rate of autolysis seems to be independent of the bacterial growth rate. Cultures grown in slightly acidic conditions showed a faster rate of autolysis compared to cultures grown under alkaline conditions. SDS-polyacrylamide gel containing 0.2% crude cell-wall of S. aureus did not show any obvious correlation with the appearance of any particular lytic band in the zymogram to autolytic activity or rate of autolysis of cultures grown under various environmental conditions. A nonhemolytic phenotype, mutations in the accessory gene regulator, and lysogeny (phages phi 11, phi 12, phi 13) had no obvious effect either on the rate of autolysis or on the pattern of lytic bands in the zymograms.

Effect of physiological condition and smoltification status at smolt release on subsequent catches of adult salmon

In 1981–1986, 48 groups of Baltic salmon smolts were individually tagged and sampled for physiological analysis of their condition and smolt status. Tagging and sampling were carried out prior to release at freshwater rearing units. In mid-May the smolts were transported ca. 200–400 km to the stocking site in the estuary of river Kymi (Gulf of Finland) and released immediately. The catch from each stocking group was estimated on the basis of adult tag recovery rates and average weights of the captured salmon. The catch of adult salmon was affected both by the year of smolt release and smolt size. Therefore, the catch from each smolt group was compared to total mean catch, mean catch of the respective stocking year and mean catch of the respective size category of smolts. Of the measured parameters at release, the ionic and osmotic balance after seawater challenge test (48 h at 30 ppt) and plasma thyroxine were the most predictive for survival in the sea, indicating the importance of the correct migratory status. In addition, such stress indices as blood glucose and lactate showed significant correlation with catch.

Heterogeneity of brain benzodiazepine receptors: Effects of physiological conditions

A number of investigators have shown compelling evidence for multiplicity of benzodiazepine (BDZ) receptors. The present study addresses the query of BDZ receptor heterogeneity, in vitro, with respect to temperature. In competition studies involving rat cerebellar tissue, CL 218,872 produced Hill slopes near unity at both 0°C and 37°C. In contrast, similar experiments utilizing cortical tissue from rats and mice produced Hill slopes of 0.69 and 0.66 at 0°C and 37°C respectively. 3H-Flunitrazepam-photoaffinity labeling of cortical and cerebellar membranes was conducted at 0°C and 37°C. SDS-PAGE fluorographic analyses of photolysed 3H-flunitrazepam ( 3H-Flu) revealed one intensely labeled 51K band in the cerebellum at both temperatures, which was specifically chased by diazepam. Similar experiments conducted in cortical tissue revealed photoaffinity labeling of at least three distinct macromolecules, one intense 51K and two less intense 55K and 59K bands. Labeling of each of these bands was chased specifically by diazepam. These data, taken together, indicate the existence of regional BDZ receptor heterogeneity under physiological conditions.

Effect of physiological condition of ascarids on their survival time in an atmosphere of oxygen

The ascaricidal effect of oxygen is related to accumulation of hydrogen peroxide formed as an aerobic metabolite under conditions of low catalase activity. Stimulation of motor activity of the ascarids by immersion in santonin or piperazine solutions or by galvanic current abolishes catalase activity, and thus shortens survival time during exposure to oxygen. Conversely, abolition of motor activity by immersion in chloral hydrate solutions ralses catalase activity, and prolongs survival time. Preliminary administration of small doses of santonin or piperazine should enhance the effectiveness of oxygen therapy for ascaridosis.

Some Effects of Physiological Conditions on Genetic Characters of Wheat

American Journal of BotanyVolume 10, Issue 6 p. 275-277 Article SOME EFFECTS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON GENETIC CHARACTERS OF WHEAT W. F. Gericke, W. F. Gericke University of CaliforniaSearch for more papers by this author W. F. Gericke, W. F. Gericke University of CaliforniaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 June 1923 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1923.tb05726.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume10, Issue6June 1923Pages 275-277 RelatedInformation