Effects Of Physical Training Research Articles

Design and Application Effect of Physical Training for Football Preparation Match Based On Plate Cycle Theory (Empirical Study on Chinese Professional Football Club)

Design and Application Effect of Physical Training for Football Preparation Match Based On Plate Cycle Theory (Empirical Study on Chinese Professional Football Club)

Effects of physical fitness training on the mental and physical health of stroke survivors.

After a stroke, physical activity can be key in enhancing the rehabilitation of patients and preventing a secondary stroke. In this commentary, we critically appraise a systematic review which investigated how different types of physical fitness training impact on the mental and physical conditions of stroke survivors. Cardiorespiratory, resistance and mixed training (especially when including walking) can improve key outcomes such as the balance and mobility of stroke survivors, but the most suitable type of training depends on the individual needs and aims of the rehabilitation process. More research is needed to understand how the effects of the different types of training vary by considering the time between stroke and intervention onset, stroke severity, and the dose of intervention.

Effects of physical training on change of direction performance: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Background One of the most sought-after skills for performance in team sports is change of direction. Training the physical qualities of strength, speed, and power has been used to improve change of direction. These qualities of change of direction have been studied extensively for the last 20 years, and their influence is still questioned. Additionally, it is currently unknown how moderating training variables affect COD performance. Objective This study examines the impact of strength, power, and speed training on change of direction performance. Method Following the PRISMA guidelines, a meta-analysis was conducted. Electronic databases were searched for studies conducted from 1991 to April 2021. All studies identified for inclusion were peer-reviewed and published in English and Spanish and used an athlete population as participants. For all analyses, a significance level is set at p < 0.05. Results Sixty-six articles were included in this meta-analysis. Two hundred fifty-one effect sizes were calculated, representing 2056 participants aged between 12 and 25 years. The global effect size (ES) for each quality is reported and Cochran's Q test: Strength ( N = 48) ES: 0.844 Q = 77.63 (95%CI: 0.65;1.07); Speed (N = 17) ES: 0.70 Q = 5.69 (CI95% = 0.35;1.05); Power (N = 49) ES: 0.85 Q = 47.58 (CI95% = 0.64;1.06); Agility ( N = 57) ES: 1.05 Q = 79.63 (CI95% = 0.86;1.24); Combined training ( N = 13) ES: 0.51 Q = 13.79 (CI95% = 0.14;0.93), and the Control Group ( N = 67) ES: 0.53 Q = 47.40 (IC95% = −0.12;0.23), all ES were statistically significant except control group. The ANOVA-LIKE presented a statistically significant difference between physical qualities and the control group (Sig = 0.000 Q = 69.18). Conclusion The training of strength, speed, power, and agility, are effective training methods for improving change of direction ability. Each of these qualities has one or more moderating variables that influencing its development.

Therapeutic or lifelong training effects on pancreatic morphological and functional parameters in an animal model of aging and obesity

AimsObesity, aging, and physical training are factors influencing pancreatic functional and morphological parameters. Aiming to clarify the impact of the interaction of these factors, we analyzed the effect of therapeutic or lifelong physical training on body adiposity and pancreatic functional and morphological parameters of aged and obese rats. Methods24 male Wistar rats were (initial age = 4 months and final age = 14 months) randomly divided into three aged and obese experimental groups (n = 8/group): untrained, therapeutic trained, and lifelong trained. Body adiposity, plasmatic concentration and pancreatic immunostaining of insulin, markers of tissue inflammation, lipid peroxidation, activity and immunostaining of antioxidant enzymes, and parameters of pancreatic morphology were evaluated. ResultsLifelong physical training improved the body adiposity, plasmatic insulin concentration, and macrophage immunostaining in the pancreas. The animals submitted to therapeutic and lifelong training showed an increase in the density of the pancreatic islets; lower insulin, Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB), and Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) immunostaining in the pancreatic parenchyma, as well as lower pancreatic tissue lipid peroxidation, lower fibrosis area, increased catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) immunostaining, with the greatest effect in the lifelong training group. ConclusionLifelong training promoted greater beneficial effects on the pancreatic functional and morphological parameters of aged and obese animals compared to therapeutic exercise.

Effects of special sports training on autonomic nervous regulation

BackgroundSports is one of the most traditional health rehabilitation programs in China. With wide applicability and low side effects, it plays a very good role in strengthening the body. In sports theory and practice, professional physical fitness training content can effectively inhibit the occurrence of corresponding diseases and has a good preventive effect on some diseases. Therefore, the regulating effect of physical training on human autonomic nervous function is evaluated through special sports training. The relationship between physical training and the human body and mind is verified through the sports professional training test, which provides effective support for the promotion and application of sports health therapy in the medical field.Subjects and Method160 students majoring in physical education in a sports college were selected as the research objects of this experiment. The physical functions of the experimental subjects were healthy, and the purpose and method of the experiment were clarified. The students were divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 80 students each. The autonomic nervous function of the experimental subjects was tested by the Japanese postural blood pressure reflex method, and the test was evaluated by the Japanese physiologist pig feeder’s neuromodulation method. The students in the experimental group had more than 8 hours of physical training every week, while the students in the control group were not allowed to do any physical training during the test time. The experimental period is half a year, and the parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, lying-sitting blood pressure, heart rate, and other parameters of the experimental subjects are tested and recorded. All data in the experiment were statistically analyzed by Excel2016, and the data chi-square test value was calculated.ResultsThe data in Table 1 are the detection results of the autonomic nerve function characteristics of the two groups of people during exercise. The autonomic nervous system is the basic motor nerve unit of the human viscera. Its function is to regulate the secretion of internal organs and effectively maintain the blood pressure, heart rate, and respiration of the human body. The experimental group participating in the special sports training was significantly shorter than the control group in the recovery time of exercise center rate, respiration stabilization time, and blood pressure stabilization time (P < 0.05).Table 1.Shows the detection results of autonomic nerve function characteristics during exercise in the two groupsGroup typeExercise heart rate recovery timeExercise breathing recovery timeExercise blood pressure recovery timeExperimental group (80)4.56 ± 1.255.23 ± 1.355.56 ± 1.12Control group (80)6.25 ± 1.358.26 ± 1.757.25 ± 1.48t8.21512.2618.144P<0.05<0.05<0.05ConclusionsPhysical exercise is of great significance to the healthy development of people’s physical and mental health. Long-term professional sports training can effectively improve people’s various physical functions and ensure that people have a strong mental state. In the experimental test, the autonomic nerves of the students in the professionally trained experimental group were effectively regulated, and the recovery time of each functional test was shorter than that of the control group.

Physical training in adults with asthma: An integrative approach on strategies, mechanisms, and benefits.

Asthma is a chronic airway disease characterized by airflow limitation and respiratory symptoms associated with chronic airway and systemic inflammation, bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR), and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Asthma is a heterogeneous disease classified according to distinct airway and systemic inflammation. Patients commonly present with several comorbidities, including anxiety, depression, poor sleep quality, and reduced physical activity levels. Individuals with moderate to severe asthma often have more symptoms and difficulty achieving adequate clinical control, which is associated with poor quality of life, despite proper pharmacological treatment. Physical training has been proposed as an adjunctive therapy for asthma. Initially, it was suggested that the effect of physical training might be attributed to the improved oxidative capacity and reduced production of exercise metabolites. However, in the last decade, there has been evidence that aerobic physical training promotes anti-inflammatory effects in asthma patients. Physical training improves BHR and EIB, asthma symptoms, clinical control, anxiety, and depression levels, sleep quality, lung function, exercise capacity, and dyspnea perception. Furthermore, physical training reduces medication consumption. The most commonly used exercise strategies are moderate aerobic and breathing exercises; however, other techniques, such as high-intensity interval training, have shown promising effects. In the present study, we reviewed the strategies and beneficial effects of exercise on clinical and pathophysiological asthma outcomes.

Comparative effect of different physical exercise training on exercise capacity and cardiac function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a network meta-analysis-ExIC-FEp Study.

This network meta-analysis aimed to compare the effect of different types of physical exercise [endurance training, endurance/resistance training, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT)] on exercise capacity and cardiac function parameters in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. A systematic search of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted to identify experimental studies addressing the effect of different physical exercise training programmes on exercise capacity and cardiac function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Comparative evaluation of the effect of exercise training type was performed by conducting a standard pairwise meta-analysis and a network meta-analysis for direct and indirect comparisons between exercise training types and controls/non-interventions. Eleven studies were included in the analysis showing that endurance training improves the main exercise capacity parameters (VO2peak, workload, exercise time, peak heart rate, VO2, and 6 min walk distance). Additionally, endurance/resistance training showed a significant effect on VO2peak, workload, early mitral annulus velocity, and early mitral/mitral annulus velocity ratio. Finally, HIIT showed a significant effect on VO2peak, VO2, and the early mitral/mitral annulus velocity ratio. Our findings support the effect of three different types of physical exercise on exercise capacity, mainly VO2peak. Additionally, endurance/resistance training and HIIT could reverse left ventricular remodelling in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. PROSPERO: CRD42021276111.

Effect of pulmonary rehabilitation programme including either O2 inhalation or noninvasive ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is crucial in managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and enhancing functional capacity and health status. Oxygen therapy and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) may be needed to be incorporated into rehabilitation to augment the effectiveness of physical training. To compare and assess the impact of the PR programme alone and with augmentation with O2 or NIV on COPD patients. Seventy-five COPD patients were equally divided into three groups: group 1 patients performed 8 week-PR programme only. Group 2 performed the PR programme while receiving O2. Group 3 completed the PR programme plus NIV. Modified Borg scale, VO2 max, modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale, 6-minute walk test, COPD assessment test score, spirometric measures and arterial blood gases were assessed before and after the programme. The outcome measurements showed meaningful improvement compared with the baseline in the three studied groups. However, VO2 max in group 3 showed higher significant improvement than both groups 1 and 2. Regarding 6-minute walk test, groups 2 and 3 had a higher significant improvement than group 1. COPD assessment test score in group 3 showed higher significant improvement than groups 1 and 2. Arterial blood gases in groups 2 and 3 showed significant increase in partial pressure of arterial oxygen and arterial oxygen saturation, but group 3 only had a significant decrease in PaCO2. O2 supplementation and NIV help severe to very severe COPD patients to perform higher exercise intensity, so they augment the benefits of PR.

Effects of physical training on functional, clinical, morphological, behavioural and psychosocial outcomes in post-COVID-19 infection: COVID-19 and REhabilitation study (CORE-study)—a study protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic remains ongoing, with a significant number of survivors who have experienced moderate to severe clinical conditions and who have suffered losses of great magnitude, especially in functional capacity, triggering limitations to daily autonomy and quality of life. Among the possibilities of intervention for disease rehabilitation, physical exercise training stands out, which can benefit several health outcomes and favours the adoption of healthier behaviours. Therefore, the aim of the study will be to analyse the effects of physical training on the functional, clinical, morphological, behavioural and psychosocial status in adults and the elderly following COVID-19 infection.MethodsA randomised controlled clinical trial is to be conducted in parallel, with the experimental group undergoing an intervention involving a multicomponent physical rehabilitation programme, carried out at the Sports Center in partnership with the Academic Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Catarina, in Florianópolis, Brazil. Participants will be adults and the elderly, of both sexes, in a post-COVID-19-infection state, who were hospitalised during the infection. The intervention will have a total duration of 24 weeks and will include a multicomponent physical training programme, which will have gradual progression in frequency, duration and intensity over time. Regarding the outcomes, before, at the 12th and after 24 weeks of intervention, functional (primary outcome = functional index of aerobic capacity), clinical, morphological, behavioural and psychosocial outcomes will be assessed.DiscussionThis study will contribute to a greater understanding of the safety, adherence and benefits of physical training in the rehabilitation of post-COVID-19 patients. The results of this study will be disseminated through presentations at congresses, workshops, peer-reviewed publications and local and international conferences, especially with a view to proposing a post-COVID-19 rehabilitation care protocol.Trial registrationReBEC, RBR-10y6jhrs. Registered on 22 February 2022. 2015.

BiomacVR: A Virtual Reality-Based System for Precise Human Posture and Motion Analysis in Rehabilitation Exercises Using Depth Sensors

Remote patient monitoring is one of the most reliable choices for the availability of health care services for the elderly and/or chronically ill. Rehabilitation requires the exact and medically correct completion of physiotherapy activities. This paper presents BiomacVR, a virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation system that combines a VR physical training monitoring environment with upper limb rehabilitation technology for accurate interaction and increasing patients’ engagement in rehabilitation training. The system utilises a deep learning motion identification model called Convolutional Pose Machine (CPM) that uses a stacked hourglass network. The model is trained to precisely locate critical places in the human body using image sequences collected by depth sensors to identify correct and wrong human motions and to assess the effectiveness of physical training based on the scenarios presented. This paper presents the findings of the eight most-frequently used physical training exercise situations from post-stroke rehabilitation methodology. Depth sensors were able to accurately identify key parameters of the posture of a person performing different rehabilitation exercises. The average response time was 23 ms, which allows the system to be used in real-time applications. Furthermore, the skeleton features obtained by the system are useful for discriminating between healthy (normal) subjects and subjects suffering from lower back pain. Our results confirm that the proposed system with motion recognition methodology can be used to evaluate the quality of the physiotherapy exercises of the patient and monitor the progress of rehabilitation and assess its effectiveness.

Multimodal physical training combined with tDCS improves physical fitness components in people after stroke: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT Background Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) seems to be a potential tool to optimize the long-term effects of multimodal physical training (MPT) on fitness components in post-stroke patients. Objective We investigated the effects of cortical tDCS combined with MPT on motor function reflected by strength, motor performance, and cardiorespiratory capacity in chronic stroke patients. Methods This double-blind randomized controlled trial included 18 volunteers (55 ± 10 y, 72 ± 13 kg), who underwent MPT preceded by either sham stimulation (SHAM) or 2 mA bi-hemispheric tDCS. MPT consisted of 24 sessions of 60–70 min performed 2 d/wk within 12–16 weeks, with individualized intensity. Outcomes were Fugl-Meyer scores for lower limbs (FM-LL), and total (FM-Total); speed in the 10-m walk test (10MWT); oxygen uptake and work output at maximal effort (VO2max and Wmax), and gas exchange threshold (VO2-GET and W-GET); peak torque of isokinetic knee extension (PT-EXT) and flexion (PT-FLEX) of paretic and non-paretic limbs; bilateral strength deficit during knee extension (DS-EXT) and flexion (DS-FLEX). Results Pre- vs. post-intervention improvements were detected in tDCS vs. SHAM (p < 0.05) for FM-total (29.6% vs. 15.9%; effect size [ES] = 0.78), FM-LL (35.9% vs. 9.0%; ES = 1.23), 10MWT (10.6% vs. 3.8%; ES = 0.67), Wmax (75.0% vs. 4.3%; ES = 1.68), W-GET (91.6% vs. 12.4%; ES = 1.62), PT-EXT (25.6% vs. −6.5%; ES = 1.94) and PT-FLEX (26.3% vs. 9.8%; ES = 0.65) of the paretic limb, and DS-EXT (−13.7% vs. 2.5; ES = 1.43). Conclusion Bi-hemispheric cortical tDCS optimized the effects of MPT performed with moderate volume and intensity upon muscle strength, motor function, and cardiorespiratory performance in stroke hemiparetic survivors. (Registration number RBR-22rh3p).

Effects of Physical Exercise Training on Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements: A Systematic Review of Human Intervention Studies.

The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effects of physical exercise training on cerebral blood flow (CBF), which is a physiological marker of cerebrovascular function. Relationships between training-induced effects on CBF with changes in cognitive performance were also discussed. A systematic search was performed up to July 2022. Forty-five intervention studies with experimental, quasi-experimental, or pre-post designs were included. Sixteen studies (median duration: 14weeks) investigated effects of physical exercise training on CBF markers using magnetic resonance imaging, 20 studies (median duration: 14weeks) used transcranial Doppler ultrasound, and eight studies (median duration: 8weeks) used near-infrared spectroscopy. Studies using magnetic resonance imaging observed consistent increases in CBF in the anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus, but not in whole-brain CBF. Effects on resting CBF-measured with transcranial Doppler ultrasound and near-infrared spectroscopy-were variable, while middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity increased in some studies following exercise or hypercapnic stimuli. Interestingly, concomitant changes in physical fitness and regional CBF were observed, while a relation between training-induced effects on CBF and cognitive performance was evident. In conclusion, exercise training improved cerebrovascular function because regional CBF was changed. Studies are however still needed to establish whether exercise-induced improvements in CBF are sustained over longer periods of time and underlie the observed beneficial effects on cognitive performance.

Effectiveness and Safety of Multicomponent Physical Training in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Currently, most Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) programs work with conventional physical training, using resources that are not available in public health in Brazil. Multicomponent physical training is a strategy that uses few resources and can reach a larger portion of the population. To investigate the effectiveness and safety of multicomponent physical training on physical-functional performance in patients with COPD. Protocol for a randomized clinical trial with 2 groups in parallel (1:1). University-based, outpatient, physiotherapy clinic. 64 patients aged ⩾50 years, clinical-functional diagnosis of COPD, GOLD II and III criteria will participate in the study. Participants will be randomly allocated into 2 groups: Multicomponent Physical Training-MPT (n = 32): aerobic, strength, balance and flexibility exercises performed in a circuit training format, or Conventional Physical Training-CPT (n = 32): aerobic and strength training. The interventions will be carried out twice a week, for 8 weeks and supervised by the same physiotherapist. The 3 primary outcomes are the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), the 6-Minute Step Test (6MST) and VO2 consumption as measured during the 6MWT. Secondary outcomes will be exercise capacity, level of physical activity in daily life, peripheral muscle strength, functional status, dyspnea, fatigue and quality of life. Safety will be assessed by recording adverse effects. These outcomes will be evaluated before and after the intervention and the evaluator will be blind. It will not be possible to perform the blinding of the physiotherapist who will supervise the interventions. This study is expected to demonstrate that MPT using simple resources is an effective and safe intervention for the improvement of the aforementioned outcomes and, in addition, to broaden the horizon of research in relation to new methods of physical rehabilitation for patients with COPD.

PRÁTICA DE EXERCÍCIOS POR UNIVERSITÁRIOS OBESOS NO CONTEXTO DA COVID-19

ABSTRACT Introduction: The epidemic of COVID-19 has harmed the study and life of obese college students. While new research has pointed out that sports can improve body posture and alleviate psychological problems related to obesity. Objective: Explore obese college students’ motivation to play sports and the effects of physical training during COVID-19. Methods: 100 obese college students were selected for the aerobic exercise intervention. Functional and biological indicators were analyzed before and after the experiment. Results: Body shape index, body fat content index, and sports quality index showed expressive changes. The average waist circumference decreased from 99.389 cm to 91.233 cm, an average loss of 8 cm; the average body fat was reduced from 34.644 kg to 30.492 kg after training, with an average decrease of 4 kg; vital capacity increased from 4,416.465 ml before training to 4968.085 ml after the intervention, with an average increase of 500 ml. Conclusion: It can be observed that aerobic exercise helps obese college students to improve their sports motivation, with positive impacts on mental health. The encouragement of sports and engagement in physical exercise tend to strengthen healthy habits, ensuring a better quality of life for college students. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

Research on the Effect of Physical Training on the Quality of Basketball in Middle School

Research on the Effect of Physical Training on the Quality of Basketball in Middle School

TREINAMENTO DE APTIDÃO FÍSICA NAS ARTES MARCIAIS EM UNIVERSIDADES

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical fitness training is essential for performing tactical training and improving performance in martial arts competitions, and is a critical element in improving the speed, strength, and endurance of its athletes. Objective: This paper explores the effect of physical fitness training on the main tasks of university martial arts practitioners. Methods: By selecting 16 university martial arts practitioners as volunteers, they received 12 weeks of physical fitness training, whereas only the experimental group received the specially designed martial arts fitness training. The athletes’ stability and strength were measured before and after the training application, and their data were analyzed through the statistical method. Results: In the eight-level abdominal bridge test, the experimental group's results were significantly improved compared to the control group (P&lt;0.05). There were significant differences in the pre and post-tests of athletes of different levels in the eight-level abdominal bridge test (P&lt;0.05). Exercise training significantly improved the performance of both groups of athletes (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The specially designed martial arts fitness training combined with routine training can effectively improve university students’ fitness and technical level. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

CAPACIDADE DE EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO FUNCIONAL EM ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS SEDENTÁRIOS

ABSTRACT Introduction The functional training method has been widely adopted as core training by national and foreign sports teams, due to the good results achieved in improving physical fitness and sports skills. However, there are still gaps about its intervention in sedentary students. Objective Explore the effect of physical function training on exercise capacity in sedentary college students. Methods Volunteer students randomly assigned to experimental and control groups were selected from 120 non-sport majors. Before the formal experiment, the physical indicators of the two groups of college students were measured and recorded. After the experiment, the physical indicators of the two groups of college students were measured and recorded again, and these data were statistically analyzed and discussed. Results After 12 weeks of training under the prescribed intervention protocol, the test scores of the two groups of subjects in functional movement screening were elevated. It is concluded that there is no significant difference between traditional physical training and functional training on height, weight and body mass index of sedentary college students. Conclusion Functional training can improve the physical quality of college students, improve their ability to exercise and play an active role in preventing sports injuries, representing no statistical difference for those who practice it sporadically. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

EFEITOS DO TREINAMENTO FíSICO DE INTENSIDADE MODERADA SOBRE A RECUPERAçãO DA SAúDE MENTAL DOS ESTUDANTES

ABSTRACT Introduction Moderate-intensity physical training effectively improves physical fitness and promotes an important impact on restoring human mental health. Objective This study aims to explore the effect of moderate-intensity physical training on students’ mental health. Methods 100 students presented themselves as research volunteers. The moderate-intensity sport the students played was badminton. Each exercise lasted 30 minutes. A scale was used to detect the students’ emotional changes after exercise. Different intensity exercise programs were formulated according to the improvement in the student’s mood. The mechanism of the impact of moderate-intensity exercise on mental health was also compared. Results Students’ emotional state before the exercise intervention was affected by physical exhaustion. After the exercise intervention, the emotional state of college students was shown to be more resilient to physical exhaustion. The dynamic changes in students’ states before and after the intervention were statistically significant (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion Moderate-intensity sports positively affect students’ mental health recovery. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

ANÁLISE DE TREINAMENTO FÍSICO DE NADADORES EM NÍVEL COMPETITIVO

ABSTRACT Introduction: Swimming is a sport that requires mastery of muscle groups, breathing, and cardiopulmonary strengthening, being a complete physical activity. To improve the competitive level of its athletes, making possible better results in competitions is a frequent challenge that demands training analysis and frequent adaptations. Objective: Study the effects of current physical training on the competitive performance of athletes. Methods: Twenty-four volunteer swimmers were selected and equally distributed in two groups. The experimental group performed swimming-specific physical training according to the established training plan, and the control group performed general physical training based mainly on running. There was no difference in the duration or intensity of training between the groups. The experimental period was 8 weeks, three times a week. Results: The experimental group was superior to the control group in terms of optimizing physical function, optimizing special fitness, and improving athletic levels. Conclusion: Special physical training for athletes can improve swimmers’ physical function more efficiently, improve their competitiveness and sports efficiency, and reduce sports injuries. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

Пролонгированное действие методик физкультурно-оздоровительных занятий на мужчин пожилого возраста

The relevance of the topic is justified by the lack of studies on the prolonged effect of long-term recreational physical training of elderly men on the development of their physical qualities and physical performance as integral indicators of the assessment of morpho-functional systems of the body, long-term adaptation of the body to graduated (primarily strength) exercise. The aim of the study is to identify and evaluate the prolonged effect of the developed first and second variants of the methods of physical culture and wellness classes that were tested during the first and second stages of eight-month-long cycles and the ten years of pedagogical experiments on the dynamics of the manifestation of physical qualities, physical performance of one contingent of men aged 60 to 65 and 64 to 69. Experimental work was carried out in the Tomsk-Klub wellness center in Tomsk for ten years, from 2010 to 2019. Men aged 60-69 took part in the experiment. The research methods are: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, materials of own research; methods of interpretation of research results, pedagogical observation; testing of physical qualities; assessment of physical performance; pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical statistics. The specificity of prolonged action has been proved, two variants of methods of physical culture and wellness classes have been developed to adapt the body of elderly men to long-term targeted and graduated (primarily strength) exercise. Adaptation is characterized by the specificity of the manifestation of types of strength qualities when performing exercises that differ in biomechanical structure. 10 years of systematic classes of health-improving physical culture of men aged 60 to 69, according to the first variant of the technique, slow down the involutional aging processes: the preservation of functional reserves of the cardiovascular, respiratory and neuromuscular systems, economical adaptation of the body to long-term physical loads are observed. The second variant of the methodology of physical culture and wellness classes (based on the first variant, but supplemented with a developed methodology for the use of restorative means) proved to be more effective during the first and second stages of eight-month-long pedagogical experiments than the first variant of the methodology for it provides a prolonged effect on the stabilization of the functional capabilities of physiological systems, mechanisms of long-term adaptation of the body to graduated (primarily strength) exercise, which is manifested in the stable dynamics of the development of strength, strength endurance, statistical strength endurance, physical performance in men aged 65 to 69 in the parameters they had when they were 60 to 64.