Effects Of Peripheral Vision Research Articles

Laboratory Experiment Based Studies On Effect Of Peripheral Source On OnAxis Visual Performance

The behavioural relationship among peripheral vision and onaxis vision is a very important parameter required to be investigated thoroughly. In this paper the influence of peripheral vision on onaxis vision has been investigated in a controlled environment. One behavioural experimentbased studies have been carried out to validate the relationship rigidly. In this experiment, the effect of peripheral vision on onaxis performance of a driver in a motorized road is a very important parameter considered. In this simulationbased study a driver simulator is used. There is a peripheral controlled glare source, which has been introduced at offaxis with respect to the line of sight. The glare source contrast (positive and negative) with respect to the background has been changed gradually and all the subjects (drivers) were made occupied with an onaxis task. The detection of peripheral glare source with respect to the onaxis performance of the subjects (drivers) has been recorded as detection time and also the number of misses for identifying the peripheral source.

The Effect of Peripheral Vision on Pedestrian's Wellbeing within Urban Spaces

The Effect of Peripheral Vision on Pedestrian's Wellbeing within Urban Spaces

Making Increase in Bimanual Coordination Task Accuracy under Limitation of Peripheral Vision

Introduction: The effect of central vision occlusion on two-hand coordination tasks is assessed in previous studies. However, the effect of peripheral vision on these tasks is not clearly identified; therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of limitation of peripheral vision on two-hand coordination tasks. Materials and Methods: Seven right-handed and right eye-dominant girl students with a mean age of 24.00 ± 3.46 years participated in this study. Subjects tested under four experimental conditions including peripheral vision limitation of the position of right hand, left hand, and both hands, and no peripheral limitations of hand position in the two-handed Vienna coordination task with four tries for each condition. The data were analyzed using 1 × 4 repeated measures ANOVA. Results: All three conditions of visual peripheral limitation showed less errors than the conditions without visual limitation (P 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that the visual peripheral limitation, as an environmental constraint, may increase the focus of individuals in the two-hand coordination task.

The Effects of Peripheral Vision and Light Stimulation on Distance Judgments Through HMDs

Egocentric distances are often underestimated in virtual environments through head-mounted displays (HMDs). Previous studies suggest that peripheral vision can influence distance perception. Specifically, light in the periphery may improve distance judgments in HMDs. In this study, we conducted a series of experiments with varied peripheral treatments around the viewport. First, we found that the peripheral brightness significantly influences distance judgments when the periphery is brighter than a certain threshold, and found a possible range where the threshold was in. Second, we extended our previous research by changing the size of the peripheral treatment. A larger visual field (field of view of the HMD) resulted in significantly more accurate distance judgments compared to our original experiments with black peripheral treatment. Last, we found that applying a pixelated peripheral treatment can also improve distance judgments. The result implies that augmenting peripheral vision with secondary low-resolution displays may improve distance judgments in HMDs.

Reachability judgement in optic ataxia: Effect of peripheral vision on hand and target perception in depth

The concept of peripersonal space was first proposed by Rizzolatti, Scandolara, Matelli, and Gentilucci (1981), who introduced the term to highlight the close links between somatosensory and visual processing for stimuli close to the body and suggested that this near-body space could in fact be characterized as an action space (Rizzolatti, Fadiga, Fogassi, & Gallese, 1997). Supporting this idea, patients with right hemisphere lesions have been described as impaired in performing actions towards objects and in perceiving their location − but only when the objects were presented within arm's reach (Bartolo, Carlier, Hassaini, Martin, & Coello, 2014; Brain, 1941). Whether the deficit of optic ataxia patients in processing target locations for action has an effect on the representation of peripersonal space has never been explored. The present study highlights optic ataxia patients' specific difficulties in processing hand-to-target distances in a motor task and in a perceptual task requiring identification of what is reachable in the visual environment. The difficulties are especially evident when both the target and the hand are perceived in the visual periphery. Indeed, when patient I.G. was able to fixate the target, her reaching accuracy and her perception of reachable space both largely improved. Furthermore, the difficulties were enhanced when the hand and the target were both in the lower visual field (in a fixed-far condition vs a fixed-near condition). This novel up-down dimension of optic ataxia fits with the larger representation of the lower visual field in the posterior parietal cortex (Pitzalis et al., 2013; Previc, 1990).

Assessing Stimulus Control in a Discrimination Task with Compound Stimuli: Evaluating Testing Procedures and Tracking Eye Fixations

Experiments with pigeons have suggested that the way stimuli are arranged in tests affects the demonstration of the stimulus control established during training. The present study aimed to replicate these findings with humans exposed to a simultaneous-discrimination task with compound stimuli. Adults were exposed to a discrimination task, and their eye fixations were recorded. Two compound stimuli were used: a triangle and a red circle, and a square and a green circle. During Phase 1, responses to the first compound were reinforced, and during Phase 2, these contingencies were reversed. Following training in each phase, the components of the stimulus compound were separated and presented across different tests to assess stimulus control by each stimulus component. Participants tended to choose the component on which their eyes had most frequently fixated during training. However, the S+ component that was associated with fewer fixations also controlled participants’ choices. Results on tests replicate previous findings with pigeons. Possible effects of peripheral vision are discussed.

Low Visual Acuity is Associated with the Decrease in Postural Sway

Vision contributes to upright postural control by providing afferent feedback to the cerebellum. Vision is generally classified into central and peripheral vision, but little is known about the respective role of central and peripheral vision for postural control with different visual acuity levels. This study examined the influence of visual acuity and visual field conditions on upright posture. Eleven males (21.1 +/- 2.0 yrs) and 15 females (22.2 +/- 2.2 yrs) were classified into high (above 1.0 binocular vision) and low (below 0.3) visual acuity groups. Postural sway was measured for 1 min in each of three visual field conditions (central vision, full vision, and no vision). Participants were given only central visual information (central vision), central and peripheral visual information (full vision), or no visual information (no vision). The effect of central vision on postural sway was detected as a difference between no vision and central vision conditions, and the effect of peripheral vision was assessed as a difference between central vision and full vision conditions. The low visual acuity group decreased their sway amplitude in antero-posterior direction using central plus peripheral visual information, but the high visual-acuity group did not. The high frequency sway was significantly smaller in the low visual-acuity group than that in the high visual-acuity group under the no vision and central vision conditions. These findings suggest the necessity of considering participants' visual acuity in examining the role of the visual information from the central and peripheral visual fields.

Influence of peripheral vision upon vestibulo-ocular reflex suppression

The effect of peripheral vision upon the suppression of caloric induced nystagmus has been studied in normal subjects and patients with Parkinson's disease and cerebellar lesions. In normal subjects, caloric responses in the presence of optic fixation upon a target light viewed in darkness are further suppressed by a factor of two when background illumination is introduced. In both patient groups background illumination had significantly less effect. Additionally, optokinetic and pursuit test have revealed specific abnormalities consistent with the notion of a peripheral retinal feed-back mechanism deranged by disease. These in turn appear to have particular relevance to certain visuo-vestibular disturbances characteristic of patients in both groups.

Visual information transmission to navigators for the navigation safety

For the navigators during coastal navigation at night, signal lights such as the navigational aids and the navigation lights of other ships should have a good visual transmission from the view point of navigation safety. In this paper the relation between the recognition of the signal and background lights is described. The measured results of background lights using a wide-angle luminance meter of 20° visual field show that the city lights of medium and small sized cities at night have generally the average luminance of about 10-3 to 10-1 cd/m2 when viewed through clear atmosphere. In order to study various factors affecting the signal recognition an indoor experiment was conducted using a model set in a fog chamber, however, without generating fog in this study. Furthermore, the effect of peripheral vision is discussed.

Effect of Peripheral Vision on the Binocular Relationship: A Further Study

Effect of Peripheral Vision on the Binocular Relationship: A Further Study