Effects Of Organizational Factors Research Articles

A Study on the effect of organizational factors on safety levels of the construction company

A Study on the effect of organizational factors on safety levels of the construction company

Home birth: is it a real option?

In spite of the Department of Health's (1993) recommendation that women should be given more choice about where they give birth, there is evidence which suggests that this option is now restricted by community midwives’ attitudes (Reld, 1993; Cronk, 1995). In order to identify whether having a home birth is a real option, this study investigated community attitudes about home births. Consistent with the findings of the literature review, it revealed that certain personal attitudes and views which midwives possess can act as barriers to woman being offered true choice, regarding the place of birth. Additionally, the study identified that organizational factors such as staff shortages and policies relating to the criteria used to select women for home births, also prevent women from being given this option. The study concluded that In order to provide the service advocated by the Department of Health (1993), midwives must be willing to adopt their role as ‘Independent practitioners’ (UKCC, 1993) and support women's choices. Further investigation into the effects of organizational factors on choice is also necessary.

Organizational Factors Affecting Participation in a Smoking Cessation Program and Abstinence among 68 Auto Dealerships

Abstract The effects of organizational factors on participation rates in a smoking cessation clinic and on one-year quit rates were examined among 68 private sector businesses. Free smoking cessation programs were offered to all smoking employees. Smokers (n = 844) were contacted to determine changes in smoking behavior; managers (n = 68) were also contacted to assess changes in smoking policy implementation over the past year. The participation rate in the clinic was 6.6 percent. Overall, 14.3 percent of smokers reported abstaining from cigarettes for at least one month prior to the one-year follow-up survey. Organization factors predicting clinic participation included having health promotion programs, increased motivation to stop smoking, and greater length of employment. Factors predicting cessation at one year included greater clinic participation rates, larger worksite size, a greater awareness of smoking restrictions, and agreement that passive smoking was dangerous to ones health. The only factor to significantly increase both participation and cessation rates was the presence of smoking policies. Employee, manager, and organizational characteristics can exert independent effects on behavior. Therefore, interventions should be targeted at each of these levels to maximize smoking-related behavior change.

The effects of organizational factors on student ratings and perceived instruction

The objective of this study is to explore a) which dimension of student ratings and which aspects of perceived instruction are affected by the two organizational factors, enrollment size and academic affiliation, and b) the nature of their effect. Two thousand five hundred students participating in 125 courses evaluated their instructors on Q-1 “Evaluation of Instruction by Students”. The 125 evaluated instructors responded to Q-2 “Perception of own Instruction” indicating the extent to which they employ various teaching planning and strategy attributes (TPS). Major findings suggest that academic affiliation has no effect on student ratings yet affects abstract aspects of perceived instruction. Instructors of the social sciences, unlike those of the humanities, manifest a vocational outlook in their instruction planning. Data indicate that enrollment size has an effect on the dimensions of student ratings and the perceived instruction, referring to concrete aspects of teaching. Students participating in small classes are more critical of instruction than those in larger classes. The nature of its effect on perceived instruction is mainly in terms of practical solutions of teaching methods and strategies and is hardly manifested in the planning phase of instruction. The relevance of these findings to university administrators is also discussed.