Effect Of Nickel Ions Research Articles

Effect of Nickel Ions on the Physiological and Transcriptional Responses to Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Tomato Roots under Low Nitrogen Levels.

Nickel (Ni) is an essential trace element for plant growth and a component of the plant body that has many different functions in plants. Although it has been confirmed that nickel ions (Ni2+) havea certain regulatory effect on nitrogen (N) metabolism, there are not enough data to prove whether exogenous Ni2+ can increase the carbon (C) and N metabolism in the roots of tomato seedlingsunder low-nitrogen (LN) conditions. Therefore, through the present experiment, we revealed the key mechanism of Ni2+-mediated tomato root tolerance to LN levels. Tomato plants were cultured at two different N levels (7.66 and 0.383 mmol L−1) and two different Ni2+ levels (0 and 0.1 mg L−1 NiSO4 6H2O) under hydroponic conditions. After nine days, we collected roots for physiological, biochemical, and transcriptome sequencing analyses and found that the activities of N assimilation-related enzymes decreased at LN levels. In contrast, Ni2+ significantly increased the activities of N assimilation-related enzymes and increased the contents of nitrate (NO3−), ammonium (NH4+), and total amino acids. Through root transcriptomic analysis, 3738 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. DEGs related to C and N metabolism were downregulated after LN application. However, after Ni2+ treatment, PK, PDHB, GAPDH, NR, NiR, GS, GOGAT, and other DEGs related to C and N metabolism were significantly upregulated. In conclusion, our results suggest that Ni2+ can regulate the C and N metabolism pathways in tomato roots to alleviate the impact of LN levels.

The effect of nickel ions on the susceptibility of bacteria to ciprofloxacin and ampicillin.

To explore the interaction effects of ciprofloxacin and ampicillin with nickel on the growth of bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus strain ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 were used. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for nickel, ciprofloxacin and ampicillin, and the checkerboard method was used to assess their cumulative effects on bacterial growth. The interactions between the metal and antibiotics were assessed by the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC). The MICs for ciprofloxacin and ampicillin were 0.31 and 1mg/L for E. faecalis, 0.62 and 1mg/L for S. aureus and 0.005 and 2.5 for E. coli, respectively. The MIC for nickel was 1000mg/L for all bacteria. The FIC results for ciprofloxacin and nickel demonstrated an antagonistic effect of the two agents on the growth of E. coli and E. faecalis and an additive effect on S. aureus. The FICs for ampicillin and nickel demonstrated a synergistic effect on the growth of E. faecalis and E. coli. Different interactions of metals and antibiotics were observed depending on the bacteria and the type of antibiotic.

EFFECT OF NIKEL IONS ON CARDIAC ACTIVITY IN THE BLUE MUSSEL MYTILUS EDULIS LINNAEUS, 1758

The original device and firmware “Blue mussel-7T” was designed for distant continuous recording of mollusk cardiac activity. This device allows estimating the effect of nickel ions (NiCl2×6H2O in 500 µg/l concentration) on the heart rate in blue mussels Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758. A significant decrease in the heart rate 20 minutes after the addition of the heavy metal was shown. Besides, the cross-group variance of the parameter increased sharply (20–100‑fold) after the same time interval. At the same time, individual variance of the heart rate rose 3–10‑fold as soon as 1 minute after nickel had been added. The increase in heart rate variance probably testifies to a stressful nature of the impact. It is suggested to use three indices in toxicological experiments estimating mollusk cardiac responses to heavy metals: heart rate change, individual and cross-group variances of heart rate indices. The new device and firmware proved to have potential for experimenting with the estimation of mollusk cardiac responses to impacts.

Double bandpass filter and dual band gap study for NiO doped into P2O5–ZnO–Na2O glassy system

Glass compositions 42 P2O5–40ZnO–(18-x)Na2O: xNiO in which x varies from 0 to 6 mol.% with step of 1 mol.%, are prepared by using the conventional melt annealing method. The effect of nickel ions in the investigated glass system appears in the combined structural and optical properties. Some structural and optical parameters such as molar volume, interionic distance, optical band gap, and Urbach energy are deduced. The variations in the spectroscopic data, which is affected by the deviations in composition and coordination state of nickel ions, are studied in relation to the structural evolution. The analysis of FTIR of the proposed structure shows that the local network structure is based mainly on Q 1 and Q 2 tetrahedron units connected by P–O–P linkages. Also, the optical properties show that the nickel ions occupy both tetrahedral and octahedral sites in the glass network.

Nickel Free Alloy for Cardiovascular Stents Application Against Restenosis Associated with Nickel: A Review

The commercialized coronary stents are generally made of biomedical stainless steels (316L) and biomedical cobalt-based alloy (for example L605 alloy) due to their good combination of properties, especially their excellent mechanical properties. However, there are above 10% nickel content in these stents materials, which was known to trigger the inflammation and allergic responses around stents implant location, and contradiction associated with in-stent restenosis when the nickel ions began to release from stents for various corrosion. Consequently, the potential adverse effect of nickel ions release has prompted the development of many nickel free alloy stents materials. In this paper, the controversy of nickel and in-stent restenosis, and the development of nickel free alloy for cardiovascular stents application are reviewed. Nickel free cobalt alloy maybe a good choice for stent materials, but further research is needed. Many research results have proved the high nitrogen nickel-free stainless steel is a good potential stents material and suitable for clinical use, therefore the austenitic high nitrogen nickel-free stainless steels may offer an alternative to further improve the performance of the current coronary stents.

Phytotoxicity of chromium and nickel in early stage of ontogenetic development of corn

The data on phytotoxicity of the combined action of chromium and nickel ions on maize hybrids Premiya 190 MV and Euro 401 SV in laboratory vegetation experiments have been analyzed. Plants were grown during 6 days in vegetation vessels at the temperature of 26–27°C on standard Hogland-Snyder’s nutrient medium, with the illumination of 15,000 lux for 16 hours per day and the aeration of nutrient medium. Then chromium and nickel compounds were added into the growth vessels. The effect of the combined action of aqueous solutions of chromium (III) and nickel (II) sulfates was studied in the following variants of the experiment: control (distilled water); 1MPC Ni2++1MPC Cr3+; 10MPC Ni2++ 1MPC Cr3+; 1MPC Ni2++10MPC Cr3+; 10MPC Ni2++10MPC Cr3+ (MPC – maximum permissible concentration). In the experiments, it was assumed that MPC of Cr is 6 mg/l and MPC of Ni is 4 mg/l. Then, after 24 and 72 hours of applying of chromium and nickel solutions, the length of the main root and the height of the aerial part and their weight were measured, and the root index value was calculated. Analysis of the data showed that the inhibitory effect of chromium and nickel ions on the growth of plant of hybrid Premiya 190 MV was 1.4 times less than that for plants of Euro 401 SV hybrid. At 72 hours of plant growth with a minimum concentration of chromium on the background of maximum nickel, the growth inhibition of main root of plants of hybrid Premiya 190 MV was 27%, while at the maximum concentration of chromium on the background of the minimum nickel content – 19.4%. For hybrid Euro 401 SV more effective inhibition of root growth was found: in the variant with the maximum nickel on the background of minimum chromium – by 54.6%, and at the maximum chromium content – by 40%. At the same time, it was found that chromium and nickel ions in minimal concentrations stimulated the main root growth by 16–17 % in Premiya 190 MV, whereas in Euro 401 SV – suppressed by 33%. In general, the similar effects were observed for the production of weight of root system. Most significantly, this effect was revealed in the Euro 401 SV hybrid. Reducing the weight of wet and dry mass of this hybrid plants at the maximum nickel content was 50 and 28%, whereas at the maximum concentration of chromium it was 40 and 20% respectively. The obtained results indicate both the greater negative effect of chromium ions on maize plants and the lower metal tolerance of Euro 401 SV hybrid seedlings compared to the Premiya 190 MV at joint influence of chromium and nickel. The results allow to state that in maize plants at the early stages of their ontogenetic development, there is a greater up to 15% negative effect of nickel ions than chromium on the root and aerial part growth, formation of wet and dry weight. Combined action of chromium and nickel ions shows a greater phytotoxic effect on the root system development than on the aerial parts of plants. This effect is, most likely, due to the functioning of the anatomical, physiological and biochemical barrier mechanisms in the root-leaf system with respect to the excessive translocation of metal ions that cause inhibiting effects.

Reduction enthalpy and charge distribution of substituted ferrites and doped ceria for thermochemical water and carbon dioxide splitting with DFT+U.

The thermal reduction step of substituted ferrites (MFe2O4 where M = Fe, Ni, Co, Gd) and doped ceria (MxCe1-xO2, where M = Ce, Zr, Hf and x = 0.25) in two-step thermochemical cycles for H2O and CO2 splitting is investigated within the DFT+U framework. This thermal reduction step is described as the oxygen vacancy formation energy (reduction enthalpy), i.e. the energy required to create an oxygen vacancy in the crystal lattice. Oxides with a lower oxygen vacancy creation energy are easier to reduce. A Bader charge analysis of the reduction mechanism is carried out providing the charge distribution of the bulk and reduced ions, enabling interrelations of the substitute ions and the resulting reduction energies. Based on the approach presented here, interesting solar fuels producing materials are CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4 and Hf0.25Ce0.75O2.

Deposition behaviour of nickel phosphorus coating on magnesium alloy in a weak corrosive electroless nickel plating bath

To inhibit the corrosion of magnesium alloy in electroless nickel plating bath, nickelous hydroxide and phytic acid were used as main salt and corrosion inhibitor to inhibit the dissolution of substrate during the nickel deposition process. Effects of nickel ion and phytic acid concentration on plating rate and porosity were studied by single-factor experiment, and the optimum concentrations were obtained at 8.8 g/L and 4 ml/L, respectively. Deposition process of nickel phosphorus (Ni–P) coating was observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and activation energy of Ni deposition process was estimated by Arrhenius equation. SEM observation showed that Ni deposition process could be divided into two stages, the first stage was Ni replacement reaction competition with corrosion inhibition reaction of substrate, the second stage was Ni autocatalysis reduction process. Potentiodynamic polarization curve revealed that Ni–P coating exhibited good corrosion resistance in protecting magnesium alloy. Scratch and thermal shock tests showed excellent adhesion between the Ni–P coating and magnesium alloy substrate.

Effects of Nickel Ions on Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Cow Dung and <i>Phragmites australis</i>

The effect of nickel ions on the anaerobic digestion ofphragmites australisand cow dung were investigated in batch experiments. Five levels of nickel ions were set as 0, 0.2, 0.8, 1.4 and 2.0 mg Ni/L. The results indicated that anaerobic digestion started on about 3rdday 26 days of anaerobic digestion, the highest cumulative biogas was 32.70 mL/g·TS-1when nickel concentration was 0.8 mg Ni/L. The nickel ions in certain concentration range significantly affected biogas production rate, and effectively shorten reactor startup period. Biogas which was produced fromphragmitescombined with cow dung provided a new insight for bioenergy production whose? process can be promoted by nickel ions addition.

高塩濃度環境下においてニッケルが微生物群集構造に与える影響の評価とニッケル耐性細菌の分離・培養

高塩濃度環境下においてニッケルが微生物群集構造に与える影響の評価とニッケル耐性細菌の分離・培養

Effect of nickel ions on anaerobic methane production from water hyacinth

The effect of different concentrations of nickel ions (Ni(2+), 0, 10, 40 and 80 mg/L) on the anaerobic methane production of water hyacinth were investigated. Under these four concentrations, the methane production in 40 d was 2,275, 2,703, 3,210 and 2,481 mL, respectively. This situation illustrated that the Ni(2+) promoted the growth of hydrogen-producing acetic acid bacteria and methanogenic bacteria, even at high concentrations (i.e. 40-80 mg/L). The highest methane production per unit weight water hyacinth reached 206 mL/gTS with 40 mg/L Ni(2+). Meanwhile, the modified Gompertz and Logistic equations were applied to describe the effect on anaerobic culture of Ni(2+). According to these models, the values of methane production potential (mL) for four concentrations were in the following order: 40 mg/L (3,123.42 ± 60.08) > 10 mg/L (2,541.16 ± 46.94) > 80 mg/L (2,432.36 ± 40.18) > 0 mg/L (2,238.10 ± 31.90). According to the analysis of the digestate, the residual concentration of Ni(2+) was approximately 1.05-4.9 mg/L, which was relatively low compared with the Ni(2+) concentrations in the raw feedstock. The results would provide academic guidance and technical support for treatment of water hyacinth with an accumulation of heavy metals.

Apoptosis mechanism of gingival fibroblasts induced by nickel ion contained in dental cast alloys

Dental cast alloys have been widely used in modern dental restoration. However, due to oral complex environment and individual differences, continuous corrosion of alloys occurs. As a result, metal ions like nickel ion (Ni3+) can be released from alloys for prolonged time. This can lead to chronic adverse effects on the surrounding tissues and cells. In order to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of nickel ion on human gingival fibroblasts and explore the mechanism, we observed the effects of the ion salt solution on the proliferation of cultured cells in vitro. The IC50 value of Ni3+ was 389.6 μmol/l. Then we studied the mechanism of inhibition proliferation of Ni3+ on cultured cells by flow cytometry, the results have shown that Ni3+ induced apoptosis of cultured cells with the pretreatment process prolonged. Besides, we also detected the expression level of cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-3 (caspase-3) mRNA which was shown activated. As a conclusion, the inhibition effect of Ni3+ on the proliferation of gingival fibroblasts was partly due to its potential of inducing apoptosis, and the mechanism of apoptosis is via the caspase-3 activation. The further studies will be fulfilled by animal experiment or evidence-based medicine method.

The Effect of Nickel in Zinc Electrowinning

The effects of nickel ions on the cathode polarization process, kinetics equation and parameters in zinc electrowinning have been investigated in this paper. The results of the experiments show that when [Ni2+] ≤ 4 mg•L-1, the current density increases with increasing concentration of Ni2+ and limiting current of the passive point reach maximum, which indicates that the depolarization function of nickel in zinc electrowinning. And when [Ni2+] ≥ 4 mg•L-1, owing to the polarization function of nickel, electrowinning enters into stationary passive range at first and then enters into precipitation range because of the polarization function of nickel.

The CRR1 Nutritional Copper Sensor in Chlamydomonas Contains Two Distinct Metal-Responsive Domains

Copper response regulator 1 (CRR1), an SBP-domain transcription factor, is a global regulator of nutritional copper signaling in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and activates genes necessary during periods of copper deficiency. We localized Chlamydomonas CRR1 to the nucleus in mustard (Sinapis alba) seedlings, a location consistent with its function as a transcription factor. The Zn binding SBP domain of CRR1 binds copper ions in vitro. Cu(I) can replace Zn(II), but the Cu(II) form is unstable. The DNA binding activity is inhibited in vitro by Cu(II) or Hg(II) ions, which also prevent activation of transcription in vivo, but not by Co(II) or Ni(II), which have no effect in vivo. Copper inhibition of DNA binding is reduced by mutation of a conserved His residue. These results implicate the SBP domain in copper sensing. Deletion of a C-terminal metallothionein-like Cys-rich domain impacted neither nutritional copper signaling nor the effect of mercuric supplementation, but rendered CRR1 insensitive to hypoxia and to nickel supplementation, which normally activate the copper deficiency regulon in wild-type cells. Strains carrying the crr1-ΔCys allele upregulate ZRT genes and hyperaccumulate Zn(II), suggesting that the effect of nickel ions may be revealing a role for the C-terminal domain of CRR1 in zinc homeostasis in Chlamydomonas.

The influence of nickel ions on the long period electrowinning of zinc from sulfate electrolytes

The effects of nickel ions on cathodic current efficiency, electrical power consumption, cell voltage and the surface morphology of deposits during the long period electrowinning of zinc from acid sulfate electrolytes are investigated in this paper. The polarization behavior of the cathode is also examined. The presence of nickel ions in the electrolytes increases the electrical power consumption, decreases the current efficiency, affects the cell voltage and produces the worse surface morphologies. The results of the experiments also show that the zinc electrodeposition process and the cathodic polarization behavior are greatly changed in the presence of nickel ions in the electrolytes.

The effect of nickel ions on structure and conductivity of DNA

The modified M-DNA molecular wires were prepared by adding nickel ions of low concentration to the calf thymus DNA in alkaline solution. And we investigated the conductivity of single DNA and M-DNA molecules. The results indicated that the M-DNA and the B-DNA show semiconductor properties. But the conductivity of M-DNA is higher than that of the B-DNA，and the voltage gap is smaller. When the concentration of nickel ions is more than 0.1 m mol/L，the conductance of DNA does not change with the nickel concentration. In addition，the right to left-handed DNA transition was realized by adding nickel ions of appropriate concentration to the calf thymus DNA in neutral solution and the structure of left handed Z-DNA was observed by STM. The result showed that the major and minor grooves are obvious，unwinding and disordering regions can be found in the Z-DNA. The conductivity of left-handed DNA was much lower than that of the B-DNA. The conductivity relationship of B-DNA，M-DNA and Z-DNA is GM-DNA>GB-DNA>GZ-DNA. The UV absorption spectra and the Raman spectra indicated that the transition of B-Z DNA appears when the concentration of nickel ions is about 1.7 mol/L.

Spectroscopic characterization, conductivity and relaxation anomalies in the Li 2O–MgO–B 2O 3 glass system: Effect of nickel ions

Glass samples of the system, Li 2O–MgO–B 2O 3 containing different concentrations of nickel oxide (ranging from 0 to 1.0 mol%) were prepared by using the melt quenching technique. The optical absorption studies indicate that the nickel ions occupy both tetrahedral and octahedral positions in the glass network. However, the octahedral positions seem to be dominant when the concentration of nickel oxide is ⩽0.4 mol% in the glass matrix. When in the octahedral positions, nickel ions occupy the network modifying positions. This has a tremendous effect on the thermoluminescence, electrical conductivity and magnetic susceptibility studies. Electrical measurements were carried out as a function of frequency and temperature over the frequency range of 10–10 6 Hz and a temperature range of 303–523 K. The electric modulus formalism was applied to study the relaxation behavior by using the impedance data for all the samples at 403 K, and also for analyzing the relaxation behavior of the highest conducting sample (0.4 mol% of nickel oxide) at different temperatures. An attempt has been made to relate the measured properties to the structural modifications in the glass network due to the modifying effect of octahedral Ni 2+ ions.

Resistance of Surface Phosphohydrolases of Barley Root Cells to Nickel Salts Is One of Factors of Plant Adaptation to Excessive Nickel in the Environment

We studied the effect of nickel ions on the activity of ecto-phosphohydrolases (acid phosphatase and Ca-stimulated nucleotidase) from root surface of etiolated barley seedlings as well as from root microsomal fraction. The presence of nickel nitrate (25 microM) proved to stop root growth and insignificantly (on average by 20%) decreased specific hydrolytic activity of both enzymes determined on root surface as well as in the root microsomal fraction. At the same time, direct addition of nickel to the incubation mixture when measuring the substrate hydrolysis demonstrated high resistance of the microsomal fraction enzymes to the salts. A significant decrease in Ca-stimulated nucleotidase activity was observed only for nickel nitrate concentrations above 100 microM, reaching 50-60% for 3 mM Ni(NO3)2. The presence of an activator ion as well as extended duration of the microsomal fraction pretreatment with nickel nitrate (2.5 h) did not increase its effect on the enzyme activity. The pattern of nickel effect on acid phosphatase activity depended on the presence of magnesium ions in the mixture but did not change after extended duration of the microsomal fraction pretreatment (3 h). Inhibition of acid phosphatase activity in the presence of magnesium was observed only for nickel nitrate concentrations above 500 microM being no more than 20% for 3 mM Ni(NO3)2. Hence, the hydrolytic enzymes of the apoplast of plant root cells have different tolerance to to nickel salts. We propose that an insignificant decrease in specific activity of surface hydrolases of plant roots grown on a medium containing nickel salts in concentrations inhibiting growth processes (25 microM) is not related to direct effect of Ni on the apoplastic enzymes. The significance of hydrolytic enzyme resistance in plant adaptation to high nickel content in the soil is discussed.

Effect of nickel ions on electron paramagnetic resonance, DC conductivity and thermal behavior in vanadyl doped NiO·Li2O·B2O3 glasses

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), DC conductivity and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the xNiO·(0.3−x)Li2O·0.7B2O3(0.0≤x≤0.15) containing 1.0 and 2.0mol% of V2O5 have been studied. Spin Hamiltonian parameters, dipolar hyperfine coupling parameter, P, and Fermi contact interaction parameter, K, have been calculated. It is found that the size of the 3dxy orbit of unpaired electron in the vanadium ion is increased with NiO contents in the sample. The DC conductivity decreases with increase in the NiO:Li2O ratio. Characteristic glass transition temperature, Tg, is found to increase with increase in NiO content. Theoretical optical basicity of the samples is also calculated.

Raman study of the triplex-like complex formation of polyuridylic acid and diadenosine monophosphate: influence of nickel ions

To carry on our investigation on triplex-like complex formation of diadenosine monophosphate (ApA) analogues with polyuridylic acid (polyU), the formation, structure and thermal stability of ApA:polyU complexes in the presence of divalent ions have been studied by means of Raman spectroscopy. The effect of nickel ions is discussed and compared with that of magnesium ions under the same conditions.